High-temperature-resistant wire cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wires and cables, and discloses a high-temperature-resistant wire and cable and a preparation method thereof. The wire cable comprises a conductor, a shielding layer, an insulating layer, a high-temperature-resistant layer and a sheath layer from outside, the surface of the conductor is wrapped with the shielding layer, the insulating layer is extruded outside the shielding layer, the high-temperature-resistant layer is extruded outside the insulating layer, and the high-temperature-resistant layer is wrapped with the sheath layer; the sheath layer is obtained by coating a high-temperature-resistant layer with a sheath material, the sheath material takes PVC resin as a main matrix, ethylene propylene rubber and fluororubber which are good in high-temperature resistance are added for blending, and auxiliaries such as a modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material and a plasticizer are added, so that the flame retardance, the high-temperature resistance and the like of the wire and cable are improved; the silicone rubber material of the high-temperature-resistant layer is synthesized by taking silicone rubber with excellent high-temperature resistance as a base material and adding an auxiliary agent, so that the high-temperature resistance of the cable is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric wires and cables, and in particular to a high temperature resistant electric wire and cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wires and cables are the main carriers of power transmission and are widely used in petrochemical, steel, aerospace, shipbuilding, military, pharmaceutical, food, plastic machinery, boiler and other industries. Their quality directly affects the quality of the project and the safety of life and property of consumers. With the continuous advancement of technology, some performance of cables no longer meets people's needs. For example, (1) in high temperature environment, the performance of traditional cables will decline rapidly and cannot meet the needs of safe operation; (2) due to the frequent occurrence of fire incidents caused by cable aging, cables are required to have excellent flame retardant properties. The flame retardant performance of traditional cables depends on the added content of flame retardants (magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, etc.), but a high content of flame retardants will affect the comprehensive performance of cables.

[0003] Therefore, researchers need to modify the existing cables based on their shortcomings, so as to improve their high temperature resistance and flame retardancy while maintaining their mechanical properties. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high temperature resistant wire and cable and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high temperature resistant wire and cable, comprising a conductor, a shielding layer, an insulating layer, a high temperature resistant layer and a sheath layer, wherein the surface of the conductor is wrapped with a shielding layer, the shielding layer is extruded with an insulating layer, the insulating layer is wrapped with a high temperature resistant layer, and the high temperature resistant layer is wrapped with a sheath layer;

[0007] The conductor is a copper conductor, the shielding layer is an aluminum-plastic composite tape shielding layer, the insulating layer is polytetrafluoroethylene, the high temperature resistant layer is made of silicone rubber material, and the sheath layer is made of sheath material;

[0008] The sheath material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of PVC resin, 10-20 parts of ethylene-propylene rubber, 8-15 parts of fluororubber, 4-8 parts of modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, 3-7 parts of plasticizer, 2-4 parts of vulcanizer, and 0.2-1 parts of vulcanization accelerator;

[0009] Furthermore, the plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, the vulcanizing agent is sulfur, and the vulcanization accelerator is accelerator M;

[0010] The modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material is prepared by the following steps:

[0011] Step A1, dispersing halloysite nanotubes in deionized water, heating to 75-95°C and stirring for 3-6 hours, then cooling to 10-25°C, slowly adding a modified intercalation agent solution to react for 5-9 hours, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain intercalation modified halloysite;

[0012] Step A2, dispersing the intercalated modified halloysite in a 1 mol / L Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5 and deionized water, ultrasonically dispersing for 30 min, and heating to 30° C., then adding dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 7-10 h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA composite material (PDA is polydopamine);

[0013] Step A3, dispersing the modified halloysite / PDA composite material in a 1wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, slowly adding a ferrocene formaldehyde methanol solution dropwise under stirring, reacting for 3-5h, ultrasonically treating for 30min, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material;

[0014] Furthermore, the modified intercalant in step A1 is prepared by the following steps:

[0015] Step A11, disperse 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride and triethylamine in dichloromethane, lower the system temperature to 0-5°C, slowly add diphenyl chlorophosphate and stir to react for 40-60min, then stir at room temperature for 12h, filtrate, wash and dry to obtain an intermediate product;

[0016] Step A12, stir tetramethylpropylenediamine in acetone evenly, raise the temperature to 45° C., slowly add the intermediate product, stir and react for 12 hours, filter, rotary evaporate and dry to obtain a modified intercalant;

[0017] Further, in step A11, the usage ratio of 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride, triethylamine, dichloromethane and diphenyl chlorophosphate is 0.05-0.15 mol: 0.05-0.15 mol: 200 mL: 0.05-0.15 mol;

[0018] Further, in step A12, the usage ratio of tetramethylpropylenediamine, acetone and the intermediate product is 0.1 mol:100 mL:0.2 mol;

[0019] Further, in step A1, the amount ratio of the halloysite nanotubes, deionized water and the modified intercalant solution is 1-3 g: 100 mL: 20 mL, and the modified intercalant solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the modified intercalant and deionized water in an amount ratio of 0.05-0.2 g: 20 mL;

[0020] Further, in step A2, the ratio of intercalated modified halloysite, Tris-HCl buffer solution, deionized water and dopamine hydrochloride is 1-3 g: 5 mL: 100 mL: 0.3-0.6 g;

[0021] Furthermore, in step A3, the usage ratio of the modified halloysite / PDA composite material, the acetic acid aqueous solution, and the FeCHO methanol solution is 1-3 g:100 g:20 mL, and the FeCHO methanol solution is composed of FeCHO and methanol in a ratio of 0.07-0.36 g:20 mL.

[0022] The silicone rubber material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of methyl vinyl rubber, 20-40 parts of kaolin, 7-10 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 0.8-1.5 parts of vulcanizing agent, and 3-6 parts of nano tin dioxide.

[0023] A method for preparing a high temperature resistant wire and cable comprises the following steps:

[0024] Step S1, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape around a copper conductor to form a shielding layer, and then extruding polytetrafluoroethylene outside the shielding layer to form an insulating layer;

[0025] Step S2, weighing raw materials by weight, adding methyl vinyl rubber, kaolin, hydroxy silicone oil, nano tin dioxide and vulcanizing agent into a mixer, vulcanizing at 120-130° C. for 10 min, and then vulcanizing at 200-210° C. for 1-2 h to obtain a silicone rubber material, and then extruding the silicone rubber outside the insulating layer to form a high temperature resistant layer;

[0026] Step S3, weighing the raw materials by weight, adding PVC resin, EPDM rubber, fluororubber, modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, plasticizer, vulcanizer and vulcanization accelerator into a double-roll plasticizer, and mixing at 150-160° C. for 15-25 min, then placing the mixed rubber on a flat vulcanizer, preheating at 200-210° C. for 30 min, and then pressurizing and vulcanizing at 10 MPa for 3-5 min to obtain a sheath material, and then extruding the sheath material outside the high temperature resistant layer to form a sheath layer, and obtaining a high temperature resistant wire and cable.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The wire and cable in the present application includes a conductor, a shielding layer, an insulating layer, a high-temperature resistant layer and a sheath layer. The shielding layer is wrapped around the surface of the conductor, the insulating layer is extruded outside the shielding layer, the high-temperature resistant layer is extruded outside the insulating layer, and the high-temperature resistant layer is covered with a sheath layer. The sheath layer is obtained by coating the high-temperature resistant layer with a sheath material. The sheath material takes PVC resin as the main matrix, and ethylene propylene rubber and fluororubber with good high-temperature resistance are added for blending. Modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite materials, plasticizers and other additives are added to improve the flame retardant properties and high-temperature resistance of the wire and cable. The silicone rubber material of the high-temperature resistant layer uses silicone rubber with excellent high-temperature resistance as the base material and is synthesized by adding additives, which further improves the high-temperature resistance of the cable.

[0029] In the modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, 3-chloropropylamine and diphenyl chlorophosphate are first reacted to generate an intermediate product, which is then reacted with tetramethylpropylenediamine to generate a modified intercalant; the modified intercalant is then used to treat halloysite nanotubes to obtain intercalated modified halloysite; dopamine hydrochloride is then used as a monomer to coat the surface of the intercalated modified halloysite with polydopamine to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA composite material; ferrocene formaldehyde and the modified halloysite / PDA composite material are then connected through a Schiff base reaction to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material. The modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material is used as a composite flame retardant. The flame retardant properties of the matrix are improved by the synergistic effect of organic-inorganic combination. The introduction of the modified intercalant can utilize the phosphate structure and N element contained in it to release PO· or HPO· during the combustion process, quench the active free radicals generated by the combustion, terminate its combustion reaction, and release NH3, CO2, H2O, etc. to dilute the combustible gas and O2, and inhibit the combustion of the matrix. The halloysite can utilize its unique tubular structure to absorb the substances generated by the combustion and the high temperature resistance effect to prevent the flame from burning, and further improve the flame retardant properties. In addition, the catechol structure in polydopamine can also capture the free radicals generated by the combustion. These scavenged free radicals may fall back into the residual carbon in the form of solid particles, and continue to play a flame retardant role in the condensed phase by resisting high temperature and exchanging combustible substances. At the same time, its grafted ferrocene structure can combine with oxygen, water and other substances in the air to generate compounds with flame retardant and smoke suppression effects, block the continuous spread of flames and extinguish fires, and further improve the flame retardant effect of the matrix. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] The modified intercalant is prepared by the following steps:

[0033] Step A11, disperse 0.05 mol 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride and 0.05 mol triethylamine in 200 mL dichloromethane, lower the system temperature to 0°C, slowly add 0.05 mol diphenyl chlorophosphate, stir and react for 40 min, then stir at room temperature for 12 h, filtrate, wash and dry to obtain an intermediate product;

[0034] Step A12, stir 0.1 mol of tetramethylpropylenediamine in 100 mL of acetone, heat to 45° C., slowly add 0.2 mol of the intermediate product, stir to react for 12 h, filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the modified intercalant.

[0035] The modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material was prepared by the following steps:

[0036] Step A1, dispersing 1 g of halloysite nanotubes in 100 mL of deionized water, heating to 75° C. and stirring for 3 h, then cooling to 10° C., slowly adding 20 mL of a modified intercalant solution and reacting for 5 h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain intercalated modified halloysite, wherein the modified intercalant solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the modified intercalant and deionized water in a dosage ratio of 0.05 g: 20 mL;

[0037] Step A2, dispersing 1 g of intercalated modified halloysite in 5 mL of 1 mol / L Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5 and 100 mL of deionized water, ultrasonically dispersing for 30 min, and heating to 30° C., then adding 0.3 g of dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 7 h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA composite material;

[0038] Step A3, 1 g of the modified halloysite / PDA composite material was dispersed in 100 g of a 1 wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, 20 mL of a ferrocene formaldehyde methanol solution was slowly added dropwise under stirring, reacted for 3 h, ultrasonically treated for 30 min, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, wherein the FeCHO methanol solution was prepared by mixing FeCHO and methanol at a ratio of 0.07 g: 20 mL.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The modified intercalant is prepared by the following steps:

[0041] Step A11, disperse 0.1 mol 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride and 0.1 mol triethylamine in 200 mL dichloromethane, lower the system temperature to 3°C, slowly add 0.1 mol diphenyl chlorophosphate, stir and react for 50 min, then stir at room temperature for 12 h, filtrate, wash and dry to obtain an intermediate product;

[0042] Step A12, stir 0.1 mol of tetramethylpropylenediamine in 100 mL of acetone, heat to 45° C., slowly add 0.2 mol of the intermediate product, stir to react for 12 h, filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the modified intercalant.

[0043] The modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material was prepared by the following steps:

[0044] Step A1, dispersing 2g of halloysite nanotubes in 100mL of deionized water, heating to 85°C and stirring for 4.5h, then cooling to 15°C, slowly adding 20mL of modified intercalation agent solution and reacting for 7.5h, filtering, washing and drying to obtain intercalated modified halloysite, wherein the modified intercalation agent solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the above-mentioned modified intercalation agent and deionized water in a dosage ratio of 0.1g:20mL;

[0045] Step A2, dispersing 2 g of intercalated modified halloysite in 5 mL, 1 mol / L, pH 8.5 Tris-HCl buffer solution and 100 mL of deionized water, ultrasonically dispersing for 30 min, and heating to 30° C., then adding 0.45 g of dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 8.5 h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA composite material;

[0046] Step A3, 2 g of the modified halloysite / PDA composite material was dispersed in 100 g of a 1 wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, 20 mL of a ferrocene formaldehyde methanol solution was slowly added dropwise under stirring, reacted for 4 h, ultrasonically treated for 30 min, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, wherein the FeCHO methanol solution was composed of FeCHO and methanol at a ratio of 0.2 g: 20 mL.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] The modified intercalant is prepared by the following steps:

[0049] Step A11, disperse 0.15 mol 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride and 0.15 mol triethylamine in 200 mL dichloromethane, lower the system temperature to 5°C, slowly add 0.15 mol diphenyl chlorophosphate, stir and react for 60 min, then stir at room temperature for 12 h, filtrate, wash and dry to obtain an intermediate product;

[0050] Step A12, stir 0.1 mol of tetramethylpropylenediamine in 100 mL of acetone, heat to 45° C., slowly add 0.2 mol of the intermediate product, stir to react for 12 h, filter, rotary evaporate, and dry to obtain the modified intercalant.

[0051] The modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material was prepared by the following steps:

[0052] Step A1, 3g of halloysite nanotubes are dispersed in 100mL of deionized water, heated to 95°C and stirred for 6h, then cooled to 25°C, 20mL of modified intercalant solution is slowly added and reacted for 9h, filtered, washed and dried to obtain intercalated modified halloysite, wherein the modified intercalant solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the modified intercalant and deionized water in a dosage ratio of 0.2g:20mL;

[0053] Step A2, dispersing 3 g of intercalated modified halloysite in 5 mL, 1 mol / L, pH 8.5 Tris-HCl buffer solution and 100 mL of deionized water, ultrasonically dispersing for 30 min, and heating to 30° C., then adding 0.6 g of dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 10 h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA composite material;

[0054] Step A3, 3 g of the modified halloysite / PDA composite material was dispersed in 100 g of a 1 wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, 20 mL of a ferrocene formaldehyde methanol solution was slowly added dropwise under stirring, reacted for 5 h, ultrasonically treated for 30 min, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, wherein the FeCHO methanol solution was prepared by mixing FeCHO and methanol at a ratio of 0.36 g:20 mL.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] A method for preparing a high temperature resistant wire and cable comprises the following steps:

[0057] Step S1, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape around a copper conductor to form a shielding layer, and then extruding polytetrafluoroethylene outside the shielding layer to form an insulating layer;

[0058] Step S2, weighing raw materials by weight, adding 60 parts of methyl vinyl rubber, 20 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 3 parts of nano tin dioxide and 0.8 parts of vulcanizing agent into a mixer, vulcanizing at 120° C. for 10 minutes, and then vulcanizing at 200° C. for 1 hour to obtain a silicone rubber material, and then extruding the silicone rubber outside the insulating layer to form a high temperature resistant layer;

[0059] Step S3, weigh the raw materials by weight, add 30 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 8 parts of fluororubber, 4 parts of modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material prepared in Example 1, 3 parts of plasticizer (epoxidized soybean oil), 2 parts of vulcanizing agent (sulfur) and 0.2 parts of vulcanization accelerator (accelerator M) into a double-roll plasticizer, and mix at 150 ° C for 15 minutes, then place the mixed rubber on a flat vulcanizer, preheat at 200 ° C for 30 minutes, and then pressurize and vulcanize at 10 MPa for 3 minutes to obtain a sheath material, and then extrude the sheath material outside the high temperature resistant layer to form a sheath layer, and obtain a high temperature resistant wire and cable.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] A method for preparing a high temperature resistant wire and cable comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step S1, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape around a copper conductor to form a shielding layer, and then extruding polytetrafluoroethylene outside the shielding layer to form an insulating layer;

[0063] Step S2, weighing raw materials by weight, adding 80 parts of methyl vinyl rubber, 30 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 5 parts of nano tin dioxide and 1.2 parts of vulcanizing agent into a mixer, vulcanizing at 125° C. for 10 minutes, and then vulcanizing at 205° C. for 1.5 hours to obtain a silicone rubber material, and then extruding the silicone rubber outside the insulating layer to form a high temperature resistant layer;

[0064] Step S3, weigh the raw materials by weight, add 35 parts of PVC resin, 15 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 12 parts of fluororubber, 6 parts of modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material prepared in Example 2, 5 parts of plasticizer (epoxidized soybean oil), 3 parts of vulcanizing agent (sulfur) and 0.6 parts of vulcanization accelerator (accelerator M) into a double-roll plasticizer, and mix at 155 ° C for 20 minutes, then place the mixed rubber on a flat vulcanizer, preheat at 205 ° C for 30 minutes, and then pressurize and vulcanize at 10 MPa for 4 minutes to obtain a sheath material, and then extrude the sheath material outside the high temperature resistant layer to form a sheath layer, and obtain a high temperature resistant wire and cable.

[0065] Example 6

[0066] A method for preparing a high temperature resistant wire and cable comprises the following steps:

[0067] Step S1, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape around a copper conductor to form a shielding layer, and then extruding polytetrafluoroethylene outside the shielding layer to form an insulating layer;

[0068] Step S2, weighing raw materials by weight, adding 100 parts of methyl vinyl rubber, 40 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 6 parts of nano tin dioxide and 1.5 parts of vulcanizing agent into a mixer, vulcanizing at 130° C. for 10 minutes, and then vulcanizing at 210° C. for 2 hours to obtain a silicone rubber material, and then extruding the silicone rubber outside the insulating layer to form a high temperature resistant layer;

[0069] Step S3, weighing the raw materials by weight, adding 40 parts of PVC resin, 20 parts of EPDM rubber, 15 parts of fluororubber, 8 parts of modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, 7 parts of plasticizer (epoxidized soybean oil), 4 parts of vulcanizing agent (sulfur) and 1 part of vulcanization accelerator (accelerator M) into a double-roll plasticizer, and mixing at 160°C for 25 minutes, then placing the mixed rubber on a flat vulcanizer, preheating at 210°C for 30 minutes, and then pressurizing and vulcanizing at 10 MPa for 5 minutes to obtain a sheath material, and then extruding the sheath material outside the high temperature resistant layer to form a sheath layer, and obtaining a high temperature resistant wire and cable.

[0070] Comparative Example 1

[0071] This comparative example is a wire and cable, which differs from Example 6 in that the flame retardant TCPP is used instead of the modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material prepared in Example 3, and the rest are the same.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] This comparative example is a wire and cable, which differs from Example 6 in that magnesium hydroxide is used instead of the modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material prepared in Example 3, and the rest are the same.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] This comparative example is a wire and cable, which differs from Example 6 in that no high temperature resistant layer is added, and the rest is the same.

[0076] This test refers to GB / T3048.8-2007 "Electrical Performance Test Methods for Wires and Cables Part 8: AC Voltage Test" to perform performance tests on the silicone rubber cables of Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3: High temperature resistance test: A ventilation heat aging oven is selected to test the cables at 100°C for 60 days. After aging for 60 days (d), the cable insulation resistance is measured. Generally, the cable insulation resistance is required to be not less than 1MΩ / kV in engineering. The cable is considered to have passed the high temperature resistance test. Then, an AC current of 6.0kV is applied to the heat-aged cable for 20 minutes. If no arc or breakdown occurs, it is considered to have passed the test;

[0077] The flame retardancy and mechanical property tests were performed on the cable sheath materials prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2: Flame retardancy test: Tested on a JF-3 oxygen index tester in accordance with GB / T2406.2-2009 standard; Mechanical property test: Tensile strength and elongation at break were tested using ASTMD412 standard;

[0078] The test results are shown in the following table:

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] It can be seen from the above table that the wire and cable prepared by the present invention has excellent high temperature resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties, and has good application prospects in high temperature environments.

[0082] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the concept of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high temperature resistant wire and cable, characterized in that: It comprises a conductor, a shielding layer, an insulating layer, a high temperature resistant layer and a sheath layer, wherein the surface of the conductor is wrapped with a shielding layer, the shielding layer is extruded with an insulating layer, the insulating layer is wrapped with a high temperature resistant layer, and the high temperature resistant layer is wrapped with a sheath layer; The conductor is a copper conductor, the shielding layer is an aluminum-plastic composite tape shielding layer, the insulating layer is polytetrafluoroethylene, the high temperature resistant layer is made of silicone rubber material, and the sheath layer is made of sheath material; The sheath material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of PVC resin, 10-20 parts of ethylene-propylene rubber, 8-15 parts of fluororubber, 4-8 parts of modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, 3-7 parts of plasticizer, 2-4 parts of vulcanizer, and 0.2-1 parts of vulcanization accelerator; The modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material is prepared by the following steps: Step A1, dispersing halloysite nanotubes in deionized water, heating to 75-95°C and stirring for 3-6 hours, then cooling to 10-25°C, slowly adding a modified intercalation agent solution to react for 5-9 hours, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain intercalation modified halloysite; Step A2, dispersing the intercalated modified halloysite in a 1 mol / L Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5 and deionized water, ultrasonically dispersing for 30 minutes, and heating to 30° C., then adding dopamine hydrochloride and stirring for 7-10 hours, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA composite material; Step A3, dispersing the modified halloysite / PDA composite material in a 1wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, slowly adding a ferrocene formaldehyde methanol solution dropwise under stirring conditions, reacting for 3-5h, ultrasonically treating for 30min, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain a modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material.

2. A high temperature resistant wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified intercalant in step A1 is prepared by the following steps: Step A11, disperse 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride and triethylamine in dichloromethane, lower the system temperature to 0-5°C, slowly add diphenyl chlorophosphate and stir to react for 40-60min, then stir at room temperature for 12h, filtrate, wash and dry to obtain an intermediate product; Step A12, stir tetramethylpropylenediamine in acetone evenly, raise the temperature to 45°C, slowly add the intermediate product, stir and react for 12 hours, filter, rotary evaporate and dry to obtain the modified intercalant.

3. A high temperature resistant wire and cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A11, the usage ratio of 3-chloropropylamine hydrochloride, triethylamine, dichloromethane and diphenyl chlorophosphate is 0.05-0.15 mol: 0.05-0.15 mol: 200 mL: 0.05-0.15 mol.

4. A high temperature resistant wire and cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A12, the usage ratio of tetramethylpropylenediamine, acetone and the intermediate product is 0.1 mol:100 mL:0.2 mol.

5. A high temperature resistant wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A1, the usage ratio of halloysite nanotubes, deionized water and modified intercalant solution is 1-3 g: 100 mL: 20 mL, and the modified intercalant solution is prepared by mixing and stirring the modified intercalant and deionized water in a usage ratio of 0.05-0.2 g: 20 mL.

6. A high temperature resistant wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A2, the usage ratio of intercalated modified halloysite, Tris-HCl buffer solution, deionized water and dopamine hydrochloride is 1-3 g: 5 mL: 100 mL: 0.3-0.6 g.

7. A high temperature resistant wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A3, the usage ratio of the modified halloysite / PDA composite material, the acetic acid aqueous solution, and the FeCHO methanol solution is 1-3 g:100 g:20 mL, and the FeCHO methanol solution is composed of FeCHO and methanol in a ratio of 0.07-0.36 g:20 mL.

8. A high temperature resistant wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicone rubber material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of methyl vinyl rubber, 20-40 parts of kaolin, 7-10 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 0.8-1.5 parts of vulcanizing agent, and 3-6 parts of nano tin dioxide.

9. A method for preparing the high temperature resistant wire and cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, wrapping an aluminum-plastic composite tape around a copper conductor to form a shielding layer, and then extruding polytetrafluoroethylene outside the shielding layer to form an insulating layer; Step S2, weighing raw materials by weight, adding methyl vinyl rubber, kaolin, hydroxy silicone oil, nano tin dioxide and vulcanizing agent into a mixer, vulcanizing at 120-130° C. for 10 min, and then vulcanizing at 200-210° C. for 1-2 h to obtain a silicone rubber material, and then extruding the silicone rubber outside the insulating layer to form a high temperature resistant layer; Step S3, weighing the raw materials by weight, adding PVC resin, EPDM rubber, fluororubber, modified halloysite / PDA / Fe composite material, plasticizer, vulcanizer and vulcanization accelerator into a double-roll plasticizer, and mixing at 150-160° C. for 15-25 min, then placing the mixed rubber on a flat vulcanizer, preheating at 200-210° C. for 30 min, and then pressurizing and vulcanizing at 10 MPa for 3-5 min to obtain a sheath material, and then extruding the sheath material outside the high temperature resistant layer to form a sheath layer, and obtaining a high temperature resistant wire and cable.

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