Ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180-degree phase shifter

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180-degree phase shifter. The phase shifter comprises a main path and a reference path, the main path is composed of a 180-degree anti-phase transition structure; the reference path is composed of a 0-degree straight-through transmission structure. The broadband 180-degree phase shifter is realized by constructing an inner and outer conductor reverse connection structure through rectangular micro coaxial slotting, the broadband 180-degree phase shifter has the advantages of miniaturization, low loss and the like, and a miniaturized, lightweight, highly integrated and low-cost three-dimensional millimeter wave system can be constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180-degree phase shifter, belonging to the technical field of microwave devices and the field of phase shifters. Background Art

[0002] Phase shifter is an important microwave device. Traditional differential phase shifter achieves phase shift by using the length difference between two transmission lines, or by changing the propagation constant of the transmission lines when the lengths are the same.

[0003] With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, more electronic information systems are moving towards higher performance such as miniaturization, light weight, and low loss. Existing transmission lines such as microstrip lines, strip lines, and coplanar waveguides all have problems such as dielectric loss. With the continuous development of RF micro-electromechanical systems, rectangular micro-coaxial transmission lines have emerged. Compared with traditional transmission line structures, their performance has greater advantages in the millimeter-wave broadband field.

[0004] Reference 1 (K. Dmitry, S. Elena, V. Irina, et al. Broadband digital phase shifter based on switchable right-and left-handed transmission line sections[J]. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 2006, 16(5):258~260) proposed a 180° switched line phase shifter using a coplanar waveguide multilayer structure. Although the design is clear and simple in theory, the structure needs to be loaded with lumped elements, which makes the structural processing complicated, resulting in large errors.

[0005] Reference 2 (MA Antoniades and GV Eleftheriades. A broadband Wilkinson balun using microstrip metamaterial lines [J]. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 2005, 4:209~212) proposed a broadband 180° phase shifter using lumped-element left-handed and right-handed transmission lines. Although this design method has excellent return loss, isolation and pass characteristics while still maintaining the advantage of a small size, its bandwidth is limited to 1.17 GHz to 2.33 GHz.

[0006] In summary, the microstrip transmission line phase shifter that achieves miniaturization, light weight, low loss and better performance in the existing technology has a relatively complex structure and a narrow bandwidth. How to design and manufacture a broadband phase shifter with low loss and amplitude balance is an urgent problem to be solved in the microwave radio frequency field. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide an ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter which is miniaturized, compact in structure and has low insertion loss.

[0008] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: An ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter comprises a main path, a reference path, a first input port and a first output port located at two ends of the main path, and a second input port and a second output port located at two ends of the reference path; The main path is composed of a 180° anti-phase transition structure, and the reference path is composed of a 0° straight-through transmission structure.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main path is composed of a first rectangular micro-coaxial structure, a first coplanar waveguide structure, a rectangular micro-coaxial inverted structure, a second coplanar waveguide structure, and a second rectangular micro-coaxial structure connected in sequence, and the lower surfaces of the first rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the first coplanar waveguide structure, and the first rectangular micro-coaxial inverted structure are flush, and the upper surfaces of the first rectangular micro-coaxial inverted structure, the second coplanar waveguide structure, and the second rectangular micro-coaxial structure are flush.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first rectangular micro-coaxial structure and the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure are both composed of an outer conductor and an inner conductor, and the inner conductor is located at the exact center of the air cavity of the outer conductor; The first coplanar waveguide structure and the second coplanar waveguide structure are both composed of a ground conductor and a center conductor, and the center conductor is located directly above the ground conductor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner conductor of the first rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the inner conductor of the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the central conductor of the first coplanar waveguide structure and the central conductor of the second coplanar waveguide structure have consistent structural dimensions and are located on the same straight line.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first rectangular micro-coaxial structure and the second rectangular micro-coaxial structure have the same structure and size, and the first coplanar waveguide structure and the second coplanar waveguide structure have the same structure and size.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure is to divide a complete rectangular micro-coaxial outer conductor into an upper grounded outer conductor and a lower grounded outer conductor by slotting, and to divide the complete rectangular micro-coaxial inner conductor into an upper grounded inner conductor and a lower grounded inner conductor, thereby realizing a 180° anti-phase structure; The upper grounding outer conductor is connected to the grounding conductor of the second coplanar waveguide structure, and the lower grounding outer conductor is connected to the grounding conductor of the first coplanar waveguide structure.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reference path is composed of a third rectangular micro-coaxial structure, a third coplanar waveguide structure, a fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure, a fourth coplanar waveguide structure, and a fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure connected in sequence; the lower surfaces of the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the third coplanar waveguide structure, and the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure are flush; and the upper surfaces of the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the fourth coplanar waveguide structure, and the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure are flush.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure, and the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure are all composed of an outer conductor and an inner conductor, and the inner conductor is located at the exact center of the air cavity of the outer conductor; The third coplanar waveguide structure and the fourth coplanar waveguide structure are both composed of a ground conductor and a central conductor, and the central conductor is located directly above the ground conductor.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner conductor of the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the inner conductor of the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the inner conductor of the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the central conductor of the third coplanar waveguide structure and the central conductor of the fourth coplanar waveguide structure have consistent structural dimensions and are located on the same straight line.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure, the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure, and the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure have the same structural dimensions, and the third coplanar waveguide structure and the fourth coplanar waveguide structure have the same structural dimensions.

[0018] Compared with the phase shifter with a traditional transmission line structure in the prior art, the present invention achieves a 180° phase shift by reversely connecting the inner and outer conductors in the rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure of the main path, which makes the design structure simple and easier to implement; uses rectangular micro-coaxial technology, has the advantages of low dispersion, high isolation, low loss, etc.; and has ultra-wideband working performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reference path.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the main path.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure in the main path.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Dimensional diagram of the main path top view.

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Dimensional diagram of the main path front view.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Dimensional diagram of the side view of the main path.

[0027] Fig. 9 for Figure 1 Dimensional diagram of the reference path top view.

[0028] Fig.10 for Figure 1 Dimensional diagram of the front view of the reference path.

[0029] Fig.11 for Figure 1 Dimensional diagram of the side view of the reference path.

[0030] Fig.12 It is an S parameter diagram of the present invention in Ansys Electronics Desktop simulation.

[0031] Fig.13 Graph showing the phase difference of the present invention in Ansys Electronics Desktop simulation.

[0032] Wherein: 01-first input port, 02-second input port, 03-first output port, 04-second output port, 1-main path, 10-rectangular micro-coaxial structure in the main path, 11-coplanar waveguide structure in the main path, 12-rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure in the main path, 13-coplanar waveguide structure in the main path, 14-rectangular micro-coaxial structure in the main path, 2-reference path, 20-rectangular micro-coaxial structure in the reference path, 21-coplanar waveguide structure in the reference path, 22-rectangular micro-coaxial structure in the reference path, 23-coplanar waveguide structure in the reference path, 24-rectangular micro-coaxial structure in the reference path Axis structure, 020-outer conductor, 023 inner conductor, 025-ground conductor, 024-center conductor, 026-outer conductor, 021-inner conductor, 027-ground conductor, 028-center conductor, 022-outer conductor, 026-inner conductor, 031-outer conductor, 030-inner conductor, 033-ground conductor, 032-center conductor, 036-outer conductor, 037-inner conductor, 034-ground conductor, 035-center conductor, 304-upper grounded outer conductor, 301-lower grounded outer conductor, 303-upper grounded inner conductor, 302-lower inner conductor structure, 401-outer conductor, 402-inner conductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 The present invention discloses an ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter, which comprises a main path 1, a reference path 2, two input ports 01, 02 and two output ports 03, 04; the main path 1 is composed of a 180° anti-phase transition structure; the reference path 2 is composed of a 0° phase shift structure.

[0035] The main path 1 completes the complete transmission line transition transmission through the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 10, the coplanar waveguide structure 11, the rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure 12, the coplanar waveguide structure 13 and the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 14 in sequence; the reference path 2 completes the transmission through the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 20, the coplanar waveguide structure 21, the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 22, the coplanar waveguide structure 23 and the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 24 in sequence.

[0036] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2The rectangular micro-coaxial structure 20 in the reference path 2 is composed of an outer conductor 020 and an inner conductor 023; the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 22 in the reference path 2 is composed of an outer conductor 021 and an inner conductor 026; the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 24 in the reference path 2 is composed of an outer conductor 022 and an inner conductor 029; the coplanar waveguide structure 21 in the reference path 2 is composed of a ground conductor 025 and a center conductor 024; the coplanar waveguide structure 23 in the reference path 2 is also composed of a ground conductor 027 and a center conductor 028.

[0037] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rectangular micro-coaxial structure 10 in the main path 1 is composed of an outer conductor 031 and an inner conductor 030, and the inner conductor 030 of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 10 is located at the exact center of the cavity of the outer conductor 031; the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 14 in the main path 1 is composed of an outer conductor 036 and an inner conductor 037; the coplanar waveguide structure 11 in the main path 1 is composed of a ground conductor 033 and a center conductor 032; the coplanar waveguide structure 13 in the main path 1 is also composed of a ground conductor 034 and a center conductor 035.

[0038] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the lower surface of the grounding conductor 033 of the coplanar waveguide structure 11 in the main path 1 is flush with the lower surface of the outer conductor 031 of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 10 in the main path 1 and the lower surface of the lower grounding conductor 301 in the rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure 12; the upper surface of the grounding conductor 034 of the coplanar waveguide structure 13 in the main path 1 is flush with the upper surface of the outer conductor 036 of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 14 and the upper surface of the upper grounding conductor 301 in the rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure 12; the lower surface of the grounding conductor 025 of the coplanar waveguide structure 21 in the reference path 2 is flush with the lower surface of the outer conductor 020 of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 20 in the reference path 2 and the lower surface of the outer conductor 021 of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 22 in the reference path 2; the upper surface of the grounding conductor 027 of the coplanar waveguide structure 23 in the reference path 2 is flush with the upper surfaces of the outer conductor 021 of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 22 in the reference path 2 and the outer conductor 022 of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 24 in the reference path 2.

[0039] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4The rectangular micro-coaxial reverse structure 12 in the main path 1 is achieved by dividing a complete rectangular micro-coaxial outer conductor 401 structure into an upper grounded outer conductor 304 and a lower grounded outer conductor 301 by slotting, and the complete rectangular micro-coaxial inner conductor 402 is divided into an upper grounded inner conductor 303 and a lower grounded inner conductor 302 by splitting, thereby realizing a 180° anti-phase structure.

[0040] The upper grounded outer conductor 304 in the rectangular micro-coaxial reverse structure 12 in the main path 1 is connected to the grounded conductor 025 in the coplanar waveguide structure 13 in the main path 1; the lower grounded outer conductor 30 in the rectangular micro-coaxial reverse structure 12 in the main path 1 is connected to the grounded conductor 027 in the coplanar waveguide structure 11 in the main path 1.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The structural dimensions of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 10 and the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 14 in the main path 1 are consistent; the structural dimensions of the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 20, the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 22, and the rectangular micro-coaxial structure 24 in the reference path 2 are consistent. The dimensions of the coplanar waveguide structure 11 and the coplanar waveguide structure 13 in the main path 1 are inconsistent with the dimensions of the coplanar waveguide structure 21 and the coplanar waveguide structure 23 in the reference path 2.

[0042] The main path 1 and the reference path 2 present a central symmetrical structure. The conductor material of the main path 1 and the reference path 2 is copper.

[0043] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Example

[0044] The structure of broadband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the reference path is Figure 2 As shown, the main path and the rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure in the main path are as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the complete rectangular micro-coaxial structure is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the dimensional structures of the three views of the main path 1 and the reference path 2 are as follows Figures 6 to 11 As shown. The conductor materials used in this invention are all copper. Figures 6 to 8The dimensional parameters of the main path 1 of the phase shifter shown are as follows: G1=0.6mm, G2=0.3mm, L1=13.4mm, L22=1.4mm, L23=4mm, LW1=1.3mm, W2=0.9mm, W3=0.32mm, W4=0.2mm, W5=0.95mm, H1=0.9mm, H2=0.3mm, H3=0.3mm, h1=0.1mm, h2=0.2mm, h3=0.1mm. Figures 9 to 11 , the various size parameters of the phase shifter reference path 2 are as follows: W1=1.3mm, W2=0.9mm, W3=0.32mm, W0=0.25mm, L12=2mm, L11=4mm, H1=0.9mm, H2=0.3mm, h1=0.1mm, H0=0.5mm, ww=1.2mm, L0=14mm. The impedance of the two input ports (01) and (03) and the two output ports (02) and (04) in this example is 50Ω±1Ω.

[0045] The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter in this example is modeled and simulated in the HFSS module of the electromagnetic simulation software Ansys Electronics Desktop. Fig.12 The S parameter diagram of the present invention in the Ansys Electronics Desktop simulation, namely the insertion loss S(2,1) and return loss S(1,1) of the main path 1 and the insertion loss S(4,3) and return loss S(3,3) of the reference path 2, is shown in FIG. Fig.13 It can be seen that the center frequency of the 180° phase shifter is 10.5 GHz. It is a full-passband phase shifter. The insertion loss of the main path 1 in the passband is 0±0.56 dB, and the return loss is less than 20 dB. The insertion loss S(4,3) in the reference path 2 passband is 0±0.2 dB, and the return loss S(3,3) is less than 25 dB. Figure 7 Graph showing the phase difference between S(2,1) and S(4,3) in the simulation of the present invention, that is, the phase shifter achieves a phase of 180°±4° through the main path and the reference path, with a small error.

[0046] In summary, the ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter of the present invention realizes a 180° phase shifter with good performance such as miniaturization, light weight, low loss and ultra-wideband through rectangular micro-coaxial technology, and is suitable for millimeter-wave RF micro-electromechanical systems.

[0047] It should be pointed out that the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications are also within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter, characterized in that: It comprises a main path (1), a reference path (2), a first input port (01) and a first output port (02) located at two ends of the main path (1), and a second input port (03) and a second output port (04) located at two ends of the reference path (2); The main path (1) is composed of a 180° anti-phase transition structure, and the reference path (2) is composed of a 0° straight-through transmission structure.

2. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main path (1) is composed of a first rectangular micro-coaxial structure (10), a first coplanar waveguide structure (11), a rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure (12), a second coplanar waveguide structure (13), and a second rectangular micro-coaxial structure (14) which are connected in sequence, and the lower surfaces of the first rectangular micro-coaxial structure (10), the first coplanar waveguide structure (11), and the first rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure (12) are flush, and the upper surfaces of the first rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure (12), the second coplanar waveguide structure (13), and the second rectangular micro-coaxial structure (14) are flush.

3. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first rectangular micro-coaxial structure (10) and the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure (14) are both composed of an outer conductor and an inner conductor, and the inner conductor is located at the exact center of the air cavity of the outer conductor; The first coplanar waveguide structure (11) and the second coplanar waveguide structure (13) are both composed of a ground conductor and a center conductor, and the center conductor is located directly above the ground conductor.

4. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner conductor (030) of the first rectangular micro-coaxial structure (10), the inner conductor (037) of the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure (14), the central conductor (032) of the first coplanar waveguide structure (11), and the central conductor (035) of the second coplanar waveguide structure (13) have consistent structural dimensions and are located on the same straight line.

5. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first rectangular micro-coaxial structure (10) and the second rectangular micro-coaxial structure (14) have the same structure and size, and the first coplanar waveguide structure (11) and the second coplanar waveguide structure (13) have the same structure and size.

6. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rectangular micro-coaxial anti-phase structure (12) is achieved by slotting a complete rectangular micro-coaxial outer conductor into an upper grounded outer conductor (304) and a lower grounded outer conductor (301), and by splitting the complete rectangular micro-coaxial inner conductor into an upper grounded inner conductor (303) and a lower grounded inner conductor (302), thereby achieving a 180° anti-phase structure; The upper grounding outer conductor (304) is connected to the grounding conductor (025) of the second coplanar waveguide structure (13), and the lower grounding outer conductor (30) is connected to the grounding conductor (027) of the first coplanar waveguide structure (11).

7. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reference path (2) is composed of a third rectangular micro-coaxial structure (20), a third coplanar waveguide structure (21), a fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (22), a fourth coplanar waveguide structure (23), and a fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (24) which are connected in sequence; the lower surfaces of the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure (20), the third coplanar waveguide structure (21), and the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (22) are flush, and the upper surfaces of the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (22), the fourth coplanar waveguide structure (23), and the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (24) are flush.

8. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third rectangular micro-coaxial structure (20), the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (22), and the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (24) are all composed of an outer conductor and an inner conductor, and the inner conductor is located at the exact center of the air cavity of the outer conductor; The third coplanar waveguide structure (21) and the fourth coplanar waveguide structure (23) are both composed of a ground conductor and a central conductor, and the central conductor is located directly above the ground conductor.

9. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner conductor (023) of the third rectangular micro-coaxial structure (20), the inner conductor (026) of the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (22), the inner conductor (029) of the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (24), the central conductor (024) of the third coplanar waveguide structure (21), and the central conductor (028) of the fourth coplanar waveguide structure (23) have the same structural dimensions and are located on the same straight line.

10. The ultra-wideband micro-coaxial 180° phase shifter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third rectangular micro-coaxial structure (20), the fourth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (22), and the fifth rectangular micro-coaxial structure (24) have consistent structural dimensions, and the third coplanar waveguide structure (21) and the fourth coplanar waveguide structure (23) have consistent structural dimensions.

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