Dust inhibitor for mine non-paved road and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a dust inhibitor for a mine non-paved road and a preparation method of the dust inhibitor. The dust inhibitor comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of water, 1-5 parts of a curing agent, 2-4 parts of a humectant, 1-3 parts of a moisture absorbent, 0.5-1.5 parts of a coagulation agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of a catalyst and 0.5-1.5 parts of a composite adhesive. The dust inhibitor disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the used raw materials are clean and non-toxic, the preparation method is relatively simple, and the dust inhibitor can be produced and prepared on a large scale and applied to the market, is particularly very effective for flying dust pollution caused by non-coal mine vehicle transportation, can reduce environmental pollution and water resource waste, also improves the environmental quality, and is worthy of popularization and application. And good social, environmental and economic benefits can be generated under the action of greatly reducing the maintenance and repair cost and oil consumption of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a road dust suppressant, in particular to a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of dust is generated in every link of open-pit mining. Due to long-term inhalation of excessive dust, mine workers may suffer from skin and respiratory diseases, and severe cases may cause pneumoconiosis or lung tissue lesions. Since the transportation road surface is mostly a temporary road surface of soil and gravel, the dust pollution caused by the mining vehicles is long-distance and covers a wide range. Dust pollution caused by transportation is not only one of the main dust sources of open-pit mine air, but also one of the main dust sources of atmospheric pollution in mining areas. Road dust not only harms the health of drivers, pedestrians and road maintenance workers, but also hinders plant growth, a large amount of fine dust enters the body of the transport vehicle, and can accelerate the wear of the vehicle engine and other parts, thereby greatly increasing maintenance and repair costs and fuel consumption. Under normal circumstances, a new engine can generally run for 10,000 to 20,000 hours under low dust conditions, but it needs to be overhauled after less than 4,000 hours of driving on the high-dust road surface of the mine road. Since dust increases the wear of mechanical parts, the tire and diesel consumption of vehicles are high, 0.85 tires / 104 km and 0.15 kg / t km respectively, which is about 40% higher than that under low dust conditions, causing great economic losses. In addition, it can reduce road visibility and pose a threat to driving safety. According to tests, the dust concentration in the air 5 meters away from the roadside of the main mine transportation road is usually as high as 750-800 mg / m 3 , which is about 400 times higher than the national health standard. The pneumoconiosis caused by dust not only seriously threatens the health and lives of mine workers, but also brings huge economic losses and adverse social impacts to enterprises. It has attracted widespread attention at home and abroad. Therefore, the control of transport dust is of great significance to occupational health and the ecological environment.

[0003] Traditional spray dust suppression technology has become one of the most widely used dust suppression technologies in underground mines due to its advantages of simple operation, low cost and significant dust suppression efficiency. However, it is also common to have large droplet size, high water consumption, short dust suppression time and serious road powderization, which is not an efficient and economical dust suppression method. The current use of dust suppressants is the development trend of dust prevention on open-pit mine transportation roads. The types of dust suppressants include adhesive residue oil emulsifiers, hygroscopic inorganic salt dust suppressants, organic chemical dust suppressants, super absorbents and composite dust suppressants. Adhesive residue oil emulsifiers have good wettability and adhesion, and are easy to use, but the dust suppression effect is difficult to guarantee. Hygroscopic inorganic salt dust suppressants mainly include halides such as CaCl2 and MgCl2. The material sources are wide and the effect is good, but the dust suppressants are corrosive to automobile tires and metal parts. Organic chemical dust suppressants enhance the dust suppression effect of pure water, which is economical and practical, but it is easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment. Super absorbent has high water absorption rate, good adhesion and long dust suppression time, but it is easily affected by factors such as temperature and needs to be formulated according to different site conditions.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a dust suppressant that can solve the dust pollution caused by motor transportation on unpaved roads in mines, which has strong water absorption, good permeability, strong resistance to rolling and fast curing. It will have good social, environmental and economic benefits in improving environmental quality and significantly reducing vehicle maintenance, repair costs and fuel consumption. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines and a preparation method thereof, so as to be used for the control of dust pollution generated by the transportation of ore on unpaved roads in non-coal open-pit mines. The dust suppression rate is greater than 85% when sprayed on unpaved roads where motor vehicles pass by, thereby saving water resources, effectively reducing secondary dust pollution generated during vehicle driving, and harm to the health of on-site workers.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines, comprising 800-1000 parts by weight of water, 1-2 parts by weight of a curing agent, 2-3 parts by weight of a moisturizing agent, 0.5-1 parts by weight of a coagulant, 400-500 parts by weight of a moisture absorbent, 0.5-1 parts by weight of a catalyst, and 50-100 parts by weight of a composite adhesive. The spraying amount of the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines is 2-3 kg / m 2 When the dust suppression efficiency is ≥85%;

[0007] The curing agent is epoxy resin and light magnesium oxide mixed in a weight ratio of 50:3, and then mixed with a magnesium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 1‰ to prepare a curing agent solution with a mass fraction of 10%;

[0008] The humectant is polyethylene glycol, glycerol, calcium lactate or glucose;

[0009] The coagulant is sodium methyl tartrate, citric acid or alum;

[0010] The desiccant is silica gel or lithium chloride;

[0011] The catalyst is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium chloride;

[0012] The composite adhesive is composite modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl starch.

[0013] Preferably, the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines includes 8 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of a curing agent, 2 parts by weight of a moisture absorbent, 1 part by weight of a moisturizing agent, 0.5 parts by weight of a catalyst, 0.5 parts by weight of a coagulant, and 1.5 parts by weight of a composite adhesive.

[0014] Preferably, the dust suppression effectiveness period of the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines is ≥15 days.

[0015] Preferably, after the unpaved roads in the mine are sprayed with dust suppressants, the dust suppression costs are reduced by 30% and the water saving efficiency reaches 90% compared with the traditional watering method.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines, the preparation method comprising:

[0017] Step A, mixing 400-500 parts by weight of water with 1-2 parts by weight of a curing agent, stirring evenly to obtain liquid A;

[0018] Step B, mixing 400 to 500 parts by weight of water and 2 to 3 parts by weight of a moisturizer, and obtaining a liquid B;

[0019] Step C, mixing 0.5 to 1 parts by weight of a catalyst with 400 to 500 parts by weight of a coagulant and 50 to 100 parts by weight of a composite adhesive, stirring evenly to obtain a liquid C;

[0020] Step D: Mix the liquid C and the liquid B, stir them evenly, then add the liquid A, mix them and stir them with a homogenizer for 1 to 2 hours to obtain a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0022] The dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines provided by the present invention is a high-permeability complex solution. After spraying, the effective ingredients therein collide, adsorb and complex with the dust, bond the fine dust-prone particles, and agglomerate them into dust-resistant particles with larger particle sizes. The dust suppressant can quickly penetrate and solidify on the road surface, and form an elastic module with a certain toughness on the surface, thereby reducing dust caused by external disturbances and fundamentally achieving the purpose of dust suppression.

[0023] By spraying dust suppressants on non-paved roads for motor transport in non-coal mines, dust pollution caused by vehicle transportation and the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 particles that are harmful to the human body can be effectively reduced. This not only improves the working environment, reduces the number of watering operations to suppress dust, and saves a lot of precious water resources. At the same time, the tough elastic layer formed after spraying has strong water permeability, which ensures that rainfall can quickly penetrate through the tough elastic layer to the lower layer, which is conducive to the natural recovery of vegetation and effectively increases environmental, social and economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments.

[0025] The present invention provides a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines. The dust suppressant is used for dust pollution generated by motor vehicles transporting ore on unpaved roads in non-coal open-pit mines. The dust suppression rate is greater than 85% when the dust suppressant is sprayed on unpaved roads where motor vehicles pass by. Water resources are saved, and secondary dust pollution generated during vehicle driving and health hazards to on-site workers are effectively reduced. The dust suppressant has the functions of moisture absorption, moisture retention, bonding adsorption, and anti-rolling, and is an effective means to solve dust pollution on unpaved roads under complex working conditions.

[0026] The dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines comprises 800-1000 parts by weight of water, 1-2 parts by weight of a curing agent, 2-3 parts by weight of a moisturizing agent, 0.5-1 parts by weight of a coagulant, 400-500 parts by weight of a moisture absorbent, 0.5-1 parts by weight of a catalyst, and 50-100 parts by weight of a composite adhesive. The spraying amount of the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines is 2-3 kg / m 2 When the dust suppression efficiency is ≥85%.

[0027] The curing agent is epoxy resin and light magnesium oxide mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 50:3, and then mixed with a magnesium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 1‰ to prepare a curing agent solution with a mass fraction of 10%; the humectant is polyethylene glycol, glycerol, calcium lactate or glucose; the coagulant is sodium methyl tartrate, citric acid or alum; the hygroscopic agent is silicic acid gel or lithium chloride; the catalyst is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium chloride; the composite adhesive is composite modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl starch.

[0028] Dust suppressants are made from natural plants, which are non-toxic and harmless and easily degraded under natural conditions. They contain natural polysaccharide macromolecules and other natural polymer components. The molecular chains are rich in functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. They are catalyzed, chemically modified and complexed to form different types of charged groups, which generate forces between molecules, manifested as hygroscopicity, adhesion, moisture retention, toughness, permeability, etc. In this way, the formulated dust suppressants can quickly capture fine dust and adsorb particles. The solution sprayed on the surface of unpaved roads can penetrate the sand and form a dense network structure and a tough consolidated layer, maintaining a good dust suppression effect.

[0029] The dust suppression effectiveness period of the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines is ≥15 days. After the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines is sprayed, a compact and tough consolidation layer is formed. Compared with the traditional watering method, the dust suppression cost is reduced by 30% and the water saving efficiency reaches 90%.

[0030] Preferably, the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines includes 8 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of a curing agent, 2 parts by weight of a moisture absorbent, 1 part by weight of a moisturizing agent, 0.5 parts by weight of a catalyst, 0.5 parts by weight of a coagulant, and 1.5 parts by weight of a composite adhesive.

[0031] The dust suppressant provided by the present invention is a high-permeability complex solution. After the above solution is sprayed, the effective ingredients therein collide, adsorb and complex with the dust, bond the fine dust-prone particles, and agglomerate them into large-sized dust-resistant particles. The dust suppressant can quickly penetrate and solidify on the road surface, and form an elastic module with a certain toughness on the surface, thereby reducing the dust caused by external disturbance and fundamentally achieving the purpose of dust suppression.

[0032] In order to further illustrate the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines of the present invention, the effect thereof was measured by the following test.

[0033] A mine section in Xinjiang was selected to measure the background dust concentration in the mining area and the dust concentration when driving on the test section with the DustTrakII aerosol monitor TSI8530. At the same time, in order to better evaluate the effect of dust suppressants, the instantaneous dust concentration of the test section on the 15th day of spraying dust suppressants, the comparison section with watering for 60 minutes, and the comparison section without any dust suppression measures were compared. On the road without dust prevention measures, watering and dust suppression, the instantaneous maximum dust concentration when a large vehicle passes by is as follows:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] The test results are shown in the table above. The results of the dust suppressant's effect on road dust show that the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant sprayed on the dust on the unpaved mine road is ≥85%.

[0037] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines, the method comprising:

[0038] Step A, 400-500 parts by weight of water and 1-2 parts by weight of a curing agent are stirred evenly to obtain liquid A; step B, 400-500 parts by weight of water and 2-3 parts by weight of a moisturizing agent are stirred evenly to obtain liquid B; step C, 0.5-1 parts by weight of a coagulant, 400-500 parts by weight of a moisture absorbent and 50-100 parts by weight of a composite adhesive are stirred evenly to obtain liquid C; step D, the liquid C and the liquid B are mixed, stirred evenly, and then the liquid A is added, and after mixing, the mixture is stirred with a homogenizer for 1-2 hours to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0039] Since the dust suppressant needs to form a highly permeable complex solution to work, it needs to be divided into liquids A, B, and C. Different substances are distributed, mixed, and complexed to form a special highly permeable, low-viscosity hygroscopic complex solution, which is sprayed to form a network structure with good water solubility.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines, characterized by: The invention comprises 800 to 1000 parts by weight of water, 1 to 2 parts by weight of a curing agent, 2 to 3 parts by weight of a moisturizing agent, 0.5 to 1 parts by weight of a coagulant, 400 to 500 parts by weight of a moisture absorbent, 0.5 to 1 parts by weight of a catalyst, and 50 to 100 parts by weight of a composite adhesive. The spraying amount of the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines is 2 to 3 kg / m 2 When the dust suppression efficiency is ≥85%; The curing agent is epoxy resin and light magnesium oxide mixed in a weight ratio of 50:3, and then mixed with a magnesium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 1‰ to prepare a curing agent solution with a mass fraction of 10%; The humectant is polyethylene glycol, glycerol, calcium lactate or glucose; The coagulant is sodium methyl tartrate, citric acid or alum; The desiccant is silica gel or lithium chloride; The catalyst is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium chloride; The composite adhesive is composite modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl starch.

2. The dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines comprises 8 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of a curing agent, 2 parts by weight of a moisture absorbent, 1 part by weight of a moisturizing agent, 0.5 parts by weight of a catalyst, 0.5 parts by weight of a coagulant, and 1.5 parts by weight of a composite adhesive.

3. The dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust suppression effectiveness period of the dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines is ≥15 days.

4. The dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the unpaved roads in the mine are sprayed with dust suppressants, the water saving efficiency is greater than 90%.

5. A method for preparing a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: Step A, mixing 400-500 parts by weight of water with 1-2 parts by weight of a curing agent, stirring evenly to obtain liquid A; Step B, mixing 400 to 500 parts by weight of water and 2 to 3 parts by weight of a moisturizer, and obtaining a liquid B; Step C, mixing 0.5 to 1 parts by weight of a catalyst with 400 to 500 parts by weight of a coagulant and 50 to 100 parts by weight of a composite adhesive, stirring evenly to obtain a liquid C; Step D: Mix the liquid C and the liquid B, stir them evenly, then add the liquid A, mix them and stir them with a homogenizer for 1 to 2 hours to obtain a dust suppressant for unpaved roads in mines.

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