Railway shoulder widening construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway roadbed engineering, and discloses a railway shoulder widening construction method which comprises the following steps: constructing a railway embankment and a railway ballast bed positioned above the railway embankment; a hard isolation part located in the railway embankment is vertically arranged at the bottom of the broken foot of the railway ballast bed; a containing cavity is excavated in a preset position in the railway embankment; the prefabricated railway shoulder widening device is installed on the railway shoulder, the widening plate is laid on the railway shoulder, the anchoring structure of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the containing cavity, and the reinforcing structure of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the containing hole. According to the method, under the condition that the track elevation is guaranteed, the problem that the road shoulder width is insufficient due to the fact that ballasts on the two sides of the ballast bed occupy the road shoulder after ballasts are supplemented and lifted on the ballast bed is solved, construction is easy, the manufacturing cost is low, the engineering amount is small, and drainage ditches can be protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway roadbed engineering, and in particular to a railway shoulder widening construction method. Background Art

[0002] After long-term use, railway embankments will deform and cause problems such as line sinking. After the embankment settles, in order to ensure the track elevation and ensure the driving safety of trains, the track is often raised by filling ballast, that is, ballast filling, to adjust the line smoothness in real time. This also causes the thickness of the railway track bed to continue to increase, and then the ballast on both sides of the track bed will encroach on the shoulders of the existing embankment, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, making it impossible for maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to operate normally. In addition, the shoulders and the roadbed are subjected to different forces, that is, the widening of the shoulders is different from the widening of the roadbed, because the roadbed mainly bears the weight of the vehicle and the traffic load, while the shoulders are mainly used for boundaries and support, and the forces they bear are relatively light.

[0003] In addition, sometimes the ballast on both sides of the roadbed will encroach on the drainage ditch, causing the ballast to cover the drainage ditch cover, which will hinder the subsequent cleaning or maintenance of the drainage ditch. Even the rolling ballast will damage the drainage ditch cover, and the ballast will flow into the drainage ditch, thereby blocking the drainage channel inside the drainage ditch. When encountering continuous or short-term heavy rainfall, the capacity of the embankment drainage ditch may not be able to meet the drainage requirements. At this time, rainwater will overflow the cover surface and flow into the embankment, causing flooding of the roadbed, destroying the stability of the roadbed and roadbed, and seriously affecting the safe operation of the railway.

[0004] The existing technology mainly solves the problem of widening the shoulder and the ballast encroaching on the shoulder after the road is lifted by laying pile foundation crown beams on both sides of the roadbed or drilling holes and installing anchor rods on the wall and bottom of the drainage ditch. However, the existing methods require high construction costs and large engineering workloads, and during the construction process, there are many points, deep holes, a wide excavation range, and a large amount of concrete, which have a great impact on the roadbed. During the rainy season, digging holes will cause rainwater to seep into the bottom of the roadbed, which will further aggravate the impact on the stability of the roadbed. Since anchor rods are set on the walls and bottom of the drainage ditch, when ballast or external debris falls into the drainage ditch equipped with anchor rods during construction and operation, it will hinder the subsequent cleaning or maintenance of the inside of the drainage ditch. At the same time, if there is continuous rainfall or heavy rainfall in a short period of time in the future; since the drainage channel is not smooth, the embankment drainage ditch may not meet the drainage requirements, causing flooding of the roadbed, destroying the stability of the roadbed and the roadbed, and affecting the safe operation of the railway; since anchor rods are set on the walls and bottom of the drainage ditch, the anchor rods may be eroded by water when the drainage ditch is frequently flooded, resulting in reduced anchor rod strength, and thus unable to provide effective support for the raised and widened railway shoulders.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a railway shoulder widening construction method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a railway shoulder widening construction method, which can avoid the problem of insufficient shoulder width caused by ballast on both sides of the roadbed occupying the shoulder after ballast is added to the roadbed and raised, while ensuring the track elevation. The construction is simple, the cost is low, the engineering volume is small, and the embankment drainage ditch can be protected.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a railway shoulder widening construction method comprising the following steps:

[0008] constructing a railway embankment and a railway track bed above said railway embankment;

[0009] A hard isolation is vertically arranged at the bottom of the railway ballast footing and located inside the railway embankment;

[0010] excavating a receiving cavity at a preset position inside the railway embankment;

[0011] excavating a receiving hole at a preset position on the slope of the railway embankment;

[0012] A prefabricated railway shoulder widening device is installed on the railway shoulder, a widening plate is laid on the railway shoulder, an anchoring structure of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the accommodating cavity, and a reinforcement structure of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the accommodating hole.

[0013] Furthermore, in the process of setting the hard isolation:

[0014] The height of the hard isolation is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment.

[0015] Furthermore, in the step of excavating the accommodating cavity:

[0016] The distance between the accommodating cavity and the hard isolation is not less than 20 cm.

[0017] Furthermore, during the installation of the railway shoulder widening device:

[0018] The accommodating cavity and the accommodating hole are respectively filled with liquid fly ash.

[0019] Furthermore, the railway shoulder widening device further comprises a ballast plate and a support plate. In the step of installing the railway shoulder widening device:

[0020] The widening plate is partially laid on the railway shoulder and partially extends outside the railway shoulder, wherein the anchoring structure is located below the widening plate, the supporting plate is located below one end of the widening plate away from the anchoring structure and is connected to the part of the reinforcement structure extending to the railway embankment, and the ballast retaining plate is located above one end of the widening plate away from the anchoring structure.

[0021] Further, in the step of installing the railway shoulder widening device:

[0022] The upper surface of the widening plate is flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the portion of the widening plate extending outside the railway shoulder gradually decreases from the direction away from the railway track bed to the direction close to the ballast plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the axis of the ballast retaining plate is perpendicular to the upper surface of the widened plate, and a drainage hole is formed on the ballast retaining plate. The drainage hole is located at the lower end of the ballast retaining plate, and the axis of the drainage hole is perpendicular to the axis of the ballast retaining plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the anchoring structure includes a first anchor rod, a reinforcement rod and an anchor plate, the first anchor rod is vertically arranged below the widened plate, the anchor plate is arranged at an end of the first anchor rod away from the widened plate, and a plurality of reinforcement rods are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first anchor rod, and an angle less than 90° is formed between the axis of the reinforcement rod and the axis of the first anchor rod, and the angle opens toward the anchor plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the reinforcement structure includes a second anchor rod, a sleeve and a reinforcement nut, one end of the second anchor rod is connected to the support plate, the other end of the second anchor rod extends to the inside of the railway embankment, the sleeve is sleeved on the second anchor rod and is located inside the railway embankment, and the reinforcement nut is threadedly sleeved on one end of the second anchor rod away from the reinforcement nut and can abut against the outer surface of the slope of the railway embankment.

[0026] Further, in the step of installing the railway shoulder widening device:

[0027] The outer peripheral surface of the second anchor rod located outside the railway embankment is coated with an anti-corrosion layer, and the thickness of the anti-corrosion layer is not less than 0.15 mm.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The railway shoulder widening construction method provided by the present invention can widen the railway, wherein the railway shoulder is widened by installing a railway embankment widening device. When installing such a device, it is necessary to excavate an accommodating cavity or an accommodating hole at a preset position. The method can avoid the problem of insufficient shoulder width caused by ballast on both sides of the roadbed occupying the shoulder after ballast is added to the roadbed and raised while ensuring the track elevation. The construction is simple, the cost is low, the engineering volume is small, and the embankment drainage ditch can also be protected.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a construction flow chart of a specific implementation method of the railway shoulder widening construction method of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a railway shoulder widening device used in a railway shoulder widening construction method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the anchoring structure in the railway shoulder widening device used in the railway shoulder widening construction method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of geogrid covering in the railway structure targeted by the railway shoulder widening construction method of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a process diagram of adjusting the tension force of the covering geogrid by the distance adjustment component in the railway shoulder widening construction method of the present invention.

[0038] Description of Reference Numerals

[0039] 1 Railway embankment 11 Accommodation cavity

[0040] 12 Accommodating holes

[0041] 2Railway track bed

[0042] 3Hard Isolation

[0043] 4Railway shoulder

[0044] 51 anchoring structure 511 first anchor rod

[0045] 512 reinforcement rod 513 anchor plate

[0046] 52 reinforcement structure 521 second anchor

[0047] 522 sleeve 523 reinforcement nut

[0048] 53 Widening plate 54 Ballast plate

[0049] 55 Support plate 56 Drain hole

[0050] 6Embankment drainage ditch

[0051] 81 connecting plate 82 first side plate

[0052] 83 Second side panel

[0053] 91 Rotating bar 92 First auxiliary rod

[0054] 93 Second auxiliary rod 94 Main rod

[0055] 95 first positioning member 96 second positioning member

[0056] 97 Positioning ring 98 Grain stone net

[0057] 171 Support 172 First layer grid

[0058] 173 Second level grid DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installing", "forming", "connecting" and "excavating" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0062] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used, such as "inside" and "outside", are defined based on the inside and outside of the railway embankment 1. In addition, "facing" and "backward" are defined based on the direction in which the railway track bed 2 is arranged. Specifically, in the drawings provided by the present invention, the directions or positional relationships used are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The directional terms of the present invention should be understood in conjunction with the actual installation status.

[0063] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a railway shoulder widening construction method, which can solve the problems of large engineering volume, high cost, complicated process and damage to the completed railway embankment 1 when widening the railway shoulder 4 in the existing construction method, and solve the problem that after the track elevation is ensured and the ballast is added and raised on the railway roadbed 2, the ballast on both sides of the railway roadbed 2 occupies the railway shoulder 4, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, causing the maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to be unable to operate normally, and the filled ballast rolls off and damages the cover plate of the embankment drainage ditch 6 or rolls into the embankment drainage ditch 6, thereby blocking the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 6.

[0064] The specific construction steps are as follows:

[0065] constructing a railway embankment 1 and a railway track bed 2 located above the railway embankment 1;

[0066] A hard isolation 3 located inside the railway embankment 1 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the broken foot of the railway track bed 2;

[0067] Excavating a receiving cavity 11 at a preset position inside the railway embankment 1;

[0068] Excavating a receiving hole 12 at a preset position on the slope of the railway embankment 1;

[0069] A prefabricated railway shoulder widening device is installed on the railway shoulder 4 , a widening plate 53 is laid on the railway shoulder 4 , an anchoring structure 51 of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the accommodating cavity 11 , and a reinforcing structure 52 of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the accommodating hole 12 .

[0070] It should be noted that the construction sequence of the above-mentioned construction method is not restricted and is adjusted according to the actual construction environment and conditions on site. The railway shoulder widening device can be installed on the completed railway shoulder 4, or it can be installed when the railway embankment 1 and the railway roadbed 2 are constructed. In addition, a number of railway shoulder widening devices can be arranged in sequence along the length direction of the track, the working surfaces between two adjacent widening plates 53 are in contact with each other, and the anchoring structures 51 or the reinforcement support mechanisms arranged on the widening plates 53 can be evenly spaced along the length direction of the track. It should also be noted that the widening plates 53 can use concrete slabs. The concrete slabs have high strength, strong compressive strength, can withstand heavy pressure, and have excellent seismic resistance. They can adapt to the long-term operation of trains, and are easy to construct. They can be cut and processed arbitrarily as needed, and the cost is low.

[0071] It should also be noted that in the railway shoulder widening construction method provided by the present invention, the provision of hard isolation 3 can provide lateral restraint force to the railway embankment 1, ensure the structural stability of the railway embankment 1, and reduce the impact of construction on railway traffic when installing the railway shoulder widening device; excavating the accommodating cavity 11 and the accommodating hole 12 can facilitate the subsequent installation of the railway shoulder widening device. The railway shoulder widening device can solve the problem that the ballast on both sides of the railway roadbed 2 occupies the railway shoulder 4 after the ballast is added and raised on the railway roadbed 2 to ensure the track elevation, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, resulting in the railway along the Line maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery cannot operate normally, and the ballast rolls down and damages the cover plate of the embankment drainage ditch 6 or rolls into the drainage ditch, causing blocking of the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 6; wherein, the widening plate 53 is used to widen the railway shoulder 4, and the anchoring structure 51 can further firmly install the widening plate 53 on the railway shoulder 4 to ensure the installation strength of the widening plate 53. On the one hand, the reinforcement structure 52 can provide vertical support for the widening mechanism of the railway shoulder 4 to avoid bending and deformation, and on the other hand, it can also reinforce the existing railway embankment 1 and embankment slope.

[0072] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the hard isolation 3 can provide maximum lateral restraint to the railway embankment 1 and better guarantee the structural stability of the railway embankment 1, during the process of setting the hard isolation 3, the height of the hard isolation 3 is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment 1.

[0073] In addition, in order to ensure the convenience of construction and without destroying the completed railway embankment 1 and railway track bed 2, in the step of excavating the accommodating cavity 11, the distance between the accommodating cavity 11 and the hard isolation 3 is not less than 20 cm.

[0074] Furthermore, during the installation of the railway shoulder widening device, liquid fly ash is respectively filled in the accommodating cavity 11 and the accommodating hole 12. It is understandable that when constructing the railway embankment 1, in order to ensure the structural strength and stability of the railway embankment 1, corresponding geogrids will be laid inside the railway embankment 1 to form several layers of geocell reinforced gangue layers. The particles of liquid fly ash are very fine and can fill the gaps of each layer of geocell reinforced gangue layers. In addition, it can cooperate with the anchoring structure 51 to stably install the widening plate 53 on the railway shoulder 4 to achieve widening of the railway shoulder 4. The liquid fly ash can also better fix the reinforcement structure 52.

[0075] Specifically, as a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the railway shoulder widening device also includes a ballast plate 54 and a support plate 55. In the step of installing the railway shoulder widening device, the widening plate 53 is partially laid on the railway shoulder 4 and partially extends outside the railway shoulder 4, wherein the anchoring structure 51 is located below the widening plate 53, the support plate 55 is located below the end of the widening plate 53 away from the anchoring structure 51, and is connected to the part of the reinforcement structure 52 extending to the railway embankment 1, and the ballast plate 54 is located above the end of the widening plate 53 away from the anchoring structure 51. The ballast plate 54 can prevent the ballast used for filling from rolling down and damaging the cover plate of the existing embankment drainage ditch 6 or rolling down into the embankment drainage ditch 6 to block the drainage channel of the drainage ditch; the support plate 55 can provide support for the part of the widening plate 53 suspended outside the railway shoulder 4 to prevent the widening plate 53 from being easily broken after being stressed.

[0076] Furthermore, in the step of installing the railway shoulder widening device, the upper surface of the widening plate 53 is flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment 1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the portion of the widening plate 53 extending outside the railway shoulder 4 gradually decreases from the direction away from the railway track bed 2 to the direction close to the ballast plate 54. The structure of the widening plate 53 is designed in this way. On the one hand, it can ensure the widening effect on the railway shoulder 4, and on the other hand, it can also save the dead weight of the widening plate 53 itself and improve the safety of the installation of the widening plate 53. In addition, the upper surface of the widening plate 53 is designed to be flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment 1 to ensure the widening effect on the railway shoulder 4.

[0077] In addition, the axis of the ballast retaining plate 54 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the widening plate 53, and a drainage hole 56 is formed on the ballast retaining plate 54. The drainage hole 56 is located at the lower end of the ballast retaining plate 54, and the axis of the drainage hole 56 is perpendicular to the axis of the ballast retaining plate 54. The ballast retaining plate 54 can prevent the ballast from rolling down and damaging the existing embankment drainage ditch 6 cover plate or rolling down into the embankment drainage ditch 6 to block the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 6, and the drainage hole 56 can ensure that the water on the shoulder flows into the embankment drainage ditch 6 in time.

[0078] As a specific implementation of the railway shoulder widening construction method provided by the present invention, the anchor structure 51 used in the method is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the anchoring structure 51 includes a first anchor rod 511, a reinforcing rod 512 and an anchor plate 513. The first anchor rod 511 is vertically arranged below the widening plate 53, the anchor plate 513 is arranged at one end of the first anchor rod 511 away from the widening plate 53, and a plurality of reinforcing rods 512 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the first anchor rod 511, and an angle less than 90° is formed between the axis of the reinforcing rod 512 and the axis of the first anchor rod 511, and the angle opens toward the anchor plate 513. The first anchor rod 511 can improve the stability of the reinforcing plate. In addition, the anchor plate 513 is arranged at the bottom of the first anchor rod 511, and the asymmetrically distributed oblique reinforcing rods 512 are arranged on both sides of the first anchor rod 511, so as to further improve the bending resistance, overturning resistance and pull-out resistance of the reinforcing plate.

[0079] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, as a specific embodiment of the reinforcement structure 52 used in the present invention, the reinforcement structure 52 includes a second anchor rod 521, a sleeve 522 and a reinforcement nut 523. One end of the second anchor rod 521 is connected to the support plate 55, and the other end of the second anchor rod 521 extends to the inside of the railway embankment 1. The sleeve 522 is sleeved on the second anchor rod 521 and is located inside the railway embankment 1. The reinforcement nut 523 is threadedly sleeved on one end of the second anchor rod 521 away from the reinforcement nut 523, and can abut against the outer surface of the slope of the railway embankment 1. Among them, the second anchor rod 521 can provide vertical support for the widening mechanism of the railway shoulder 4 through the support plate 55 on the one hand to avoid bending deformation, and on the other hand, it can reinforce the railway embankment 1 and the embankment slope; and the reinforcement nut 523 can reinforce the second anchor rod 521.

[0080] Furthermore, in the step of installing the railway shoulder widening device, an anti-corrosion layer is applied on the outer peripheral surface of the second anchor rod 521 located outside the railway embankment 1, and the thickness of the anti-corrosion layer is not less than 0.15 mm. The anti-corrosion layer is applied on the outer peripheral surface of the second anchor rod 521 to improve the anti-corrosion performance of the second anchor rod 521 and further improve the safety of the structure.

[0081] The railway shoulder widening construction method provided by the present invention can widen the original railway shoulder 4 by setting a railway shoulder widening device, and can also prevent the ballast from rolling into the embankment drainage ditch 6 when the railway roadbed 2 is filled with ballast, thereby damaging the cover plate of the embankment drainage ditch 6 or clogging the embankment drainage ditch 6, and can also strengthen the structural strength of the railway embankment 1, with small construction volume and low construction cost.

[0082] Secondly, as for the structure of the embankment drainage ditch 7, as a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned embankment drainage ditch 7 includes a drainage ditch body, a plurality of covering geogrids covering the drainage ditch body, and a gravel net 98 laid on the covering geogrid. One side of the covering geogrid is detachably connected to one side of the drainage ditch body, and the other side of the covering geogrid is detachably connected to the other side of the drainage channel. Similarly, a plurality of covering geogrids are sequentially laid above the embankment drainage ditch 7 along the length direction of the embankment drainage ditch 7, and two adjacent covering geogrids are detachably connected.

[0083] In some specific embodiments, the stone mesh 98 includes multiple layers of galvanized anti-rust mesh and multiple layers of stone layers alternately stacked, and the ratio of the particle size of the stone to the aperture of the galvanized anti-rust mesh is greater than or equal to 1.2 mm.

[0084] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the covering geogrid of this embodiment includes a first layer of grids 172 and a second layer of grids 173 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The tensile strength of the second layer of grids 173 is greater than the tensile strength of the first layer of grids 172. By arranging the covering geogrid as a double-layer structure, the covering geogrid will not become loose after long-term use, so that the covering geogrid maintains sufficient tension, thereby ensuring that the covering geogrid can still effectively support and cushion the fallen ballast after long-term service.

[0085] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the covering geogrid of this embodiment also includes a plurality of support members 171, and the two ends of the plurality of support members 171 respectively abut against the center position of the first layer grid 172 and the center position of the second layer grid 173. Through the arrangement of the support members 171, a chord-like structure can be formed to lift up the first layer grid 172 to form an inverted arch structure, thereby reserving a certain margin for the relaxation of the covering geogrid. In addition, the inverted arch structure can also reduce the accumulation of ballast.

[0086] As a preferred embodiment, the detachable connection of the covering geogrid is adopted in the following manner: a distance adjusting component can also be provided on the above-mentioned railway embankment 1, and two adjacent covering geogrids are detachably connected through the distance adjusting component, one end of the distance adjusting component is arranged on one side of the embankment drainage ditch 7, and the other end of the distance adjusting component is arranged on the other side of the embankment drainage ditch 7. When the embankment drainage ditch 7 is blocked somewhere, the distance adjusting component and the covering geogrid located at the blocked position can be separated, and the embankment drainage ditch 7 can be cleaned by removing the covering geogrid at the corresponding position without removing all the covering geogrids, which makes the cleaning work easier, and the removal of only one covering geogrid will not affect the tension of other covering geogrids, thereby greatly improving the service life of the embankment drainage ditch 7.

[0087] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, considering that the covering geogrid may deform and produce depressions during long-term service, the ballast will accumulate in the depressed position, causing ballast accumulation. In order to be able to adjust the tensioning force of the covering geogrid without removing the covering geogrid, the distance adjustment component of the preferred embodiment includes a connecting plate 81, a first side plate 82, a second side plate 83, a tensioning member and a locking member. The first side plate 82 is arranged on one side of the connecting plate 81, and the covering geogrid close to the first side plate 82 is hung on the first side plate 82, and the second side plate 83 is arranged on the other side of the connecting plate 81, and the covering geogrid close to the second side plate 83 is hung on the second side plate 83.

[0088] The tensioning member includes a rotating bar 91, a first sub-rod 92, a second sub-rod 93 and a main rod 94. The first sub-rod 92 is arranged on the first side plate 82 and is fixedly connected to the first side plate 82. The second sub-rod 93 is arranged on the second side plate 83 and is fixedly connected to the second side plate 83. The main rod 94 is arranged on the connecting plate 81 and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 81. One end of the rotating bar 91 is rotatably connected to the first sub-rod 92, the other end of the rotating bar 91 is rotatably connected to the second sub-rod 93, and the middle part of the rotating bar 91 is rotatably connected to the main rod 94. The locking member includes a first positioning member 95, a second positioning member 96 and a positioning ring 97. The first positioning member 95 is arranged on the first side plate 82 and is fixedly connected to the first side plate 82. The second positioning member 96 is arranged on the connecting plate 8 1 and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 81, one end of the positioning ring 97 is rotatably connected to the first positioning member 95, and the other end of the positioning ring 97 is sleeved on the second positioning member 96 and is detachably connected to the second positioning member 96. During the construction process, the other end of the positioning ring 97 is not connected to the second positioning member 96. Under the action of the tensioning force of the covering geogrid, the rotating bar 91 is perpendicular to the connecting plate 81, the first side plate 82 and the second side plate 83. When the covering geogrid is deformed, the positioning ring 97 is pulled to make the rotating bar 91 rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and the first side plate 82 and the second side plate 83 move toward the connecting plate 81, and the positioning ring 97 is sleeved on the second positioning member 96, thereby realizing the re-tensioning of the covering geogrid. In order to better understand the technical solution and the method of use of the present invention, the following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The following are the specific construction steps to illustrate the best implementation of this application:

[0089] Firstly, the railway embankment 1 and the railway track bed 2 are constructed, and the embankment drainage ditch 6 is excavated. At the bottom of the slope foot of the railway track bed 2, a hard isolation 3 is driven into the railway embankment 1. The length of the hard isolation 3 is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment 1. This can provide lateral restraint to the railway embankment 1, ensure the structural stability of the railway embankment 1, and reduce the impact of the construction on railway traffic when installing the railway shoulder widening device.

[0090] Then, a receiving cavity 11 is excavated at a position not less than 20 cm outside the hard isolation 3, that is, on one side of the railway track bed 2 of the hard isolation 3, and an anchoring structure 51 consisting of a prefabricated anchor plate 513, a reinforcing rod 512 and a first anchor rod 511 is placed in the receiving cavity 11; the stability of the reinforcing plate can be improved by setting the first anchor rod 511. In addition, an anchor plate 513 is set at the bottom of the first anchor rod 511, and asymmetrically distributed oblique reinforcing rods 512 are set on both sides of the first anchor rod 511 to further improve the bending, overturning and pull-out resistance of the reinforcing plate.

[0091] Next, liquid fly ash is poured in the accommodating cavity 11 to fill the accommodating cavity 11, a widening plate 53 is installed on the top of the cantilever anchoring structure 51, so that the upper surface of the widening plate 53 is flush with the upper surface of the railway shoulder 4, and a ballast retaining plate 54 with drainage holes 56 is installed on the side of the widening plate 53 away from the railway roadbed 2; the liquid fly ash can fill the gaps between each layer of geocell reinforced coal gangue layer, and can also cooperate with the anchoring structure 51 to stably install the widening plate 53 on the railway shoulder 4 to achieve widening of the railway shoulder 4, and the ballast retaining plate 54 can prevent the ballast from rolling down and damaging the existing embankment drainage ditch 6 cover or rolling into the embankment drainage ditch 6 to block the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 6, and the drainage holes 56 can ensure that the water on the shoulder flows into the embankment drainage ditch 6 in time.

[0092] Next, according to the installation position of the widened plate, the driving position, hole diameter and depth of the second anchor rod 521 are determined in the slope of the railway embankment 1 so that the installation of the reinforcement structure 52 can begin.

[0093] Then, a drilling machine is used to drill the receiving hole 12, and debris in the hole of the receiving hole 12 is cleaned, and the second anchor rod 521 is driven into the hole;

[0094] Then, the diameter of the receiving hole 12 is widened around the second anchor rod 521 at the anchoring section, i.e., near the slope, and the sleeve 522 is lowered. Liquid fly ash is injected into the receiving hole 12 and wrapped around the second anchor rod 521. The second anchor rod 521 is reinforced at the embankment slope by a nut.

[0095] Finally, the second anchor rod 521 is connected to the support plate 55, and an anti-corrosion layer is applied to the second anchor rod 521 exposed to the air. The second anchor rod 521 can provide vertical support for the railway shoulder 4 widening mechanism through the support plate 55 to avoid bending deformation, and can also reinforce the railway embankment 1 and the embankment slope; and the reinforcement nut 523 can reinforce the second anchor rod 521.

[0096] The railway shoulder widening construction method provided by the present invention is easy to construct, has a small construction volume and low cost, and can solve the problem that after the ballast is added and raised on the railway roadbed 2 to ensure the track elevation, the ballast on both sides of the railway roadbed 2 occupies the railway shoulder 4, resulting in insufficient shoulder width, causing the maintenance and inspection personnel or machinery along the railway to be unable to operate normally, and the filled ballast rolls down and damages the cover plate of the embankment drainage ditch 6 or rolls into the drainage ditch, causing blocking of the drainage channel of the embankment drainage ditch 6.

[0097] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "a specific implementation", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present invention, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0098] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0099] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0100] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway shoulder widening construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Constructing a railway embankment (1) and a railway track bed (2) located above the railway embankment (1); A hard isolation (3) located inside the railway embankment (1) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the broken foot of the railway track bed (2); Excavating a receiving cavity (11) at a preset position inside the railway embankment (1); Excavating a receiving hole (12) at a preset position on the slope of the railway embankment (1); A prefabricated railway shoulder widening device is installed on a railway shoulder (4), a widening plate (53) is laid on the railway shoulder (4), an anchoring structure (51) of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the accommodating cavity (11), and a reinforcing structure (52) of the railway shoulder widening device is installed in the accommodating hole (12).

2. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of setting the hard isolation (3): The height of the hard isolation (3) is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the railway embankment (1).

3. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step of excavating the accommodating cavity (11): The distance between the accommodating cavity (11) and the hard isolation (3) is not less than 20 cm.

4. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the installation of the railway shoulder widening device: The accommodating cavity (11) and the accommodating hole (12) are respectively filled with liquid fly ash.

5. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The railway shoulder widening device further comprises a ballast plate (54) and a support plate (55). In the step of installing the railway shoulder widening device: The widening plate (53) is partially laid on the railway shoulder (4) and partially extends outside the railway shoulder (4), wherein the anchoring structure (51) is located below the widening plate (53), the supporting plate (55) is located below one end of the widening plate (53) away from the anchoring structure (51) and is connected to the part of the reinforcement structure (52) extending to the railway embankment (1), and the ballast plate (54) is located above one end of the widening plate (53) away from the anchoring structure (51).

6. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the steps of installing the railway shoulder widening device: The upper surface of the widening plate (53) is flush with the upper surface of the railway embankment (1), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the portion of the widening plate (53) extending outside the railway shoulder (4) gradually decreases from a direction away from the railway track bed (2) to a direction close to the ballast plate (54).

7. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The axis of the ballast retaining plate (54) is perpendicular to the upper surface of the widening plate (53), and a drainage hole (56) is also formed on the ballast retaining plate (54). The drainage hole (56) is located at the lower end of the ballast retaining plate (54), and the axis of the drainage hole (56) is perpendicular to the axis of the ballast retaining plate (54).

8. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anchoring structure (51) comprises a first anchor rod (511), a reinforcing rod (512) and an anchor plate (513), wherein the first anchor rod (511) is vertically arranged below the widened plate (53), and the anchor plate (513) is arranged at one end of the first anchor rod (511) away from the widened plate (53), and a plurality of reinforcing rods (512) are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first anchor rod (511), and an angle less than 90° is formed between the axis of the reinforcing rod (512) and the axis of the first anchor rod (511), and the angle opens toward the anchor plate (513).

9. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reinforcement structure (52) comprises a second anchor rod (521), a sleeve (522) and a reinforcement nut (523); one end of the second anchor rod (521) is connected to the support plate (55); the other end of the second anchor rod (521) extends into the interior of the railway embankment (1); the sleeve (522) is sleeved on the second anchor rod (521) and is located inside the railway embankment (1); the reinforcement nut (523) is threadedly sleeved on one end of the second anchor rod (521) away from the reinforcement nut (523) and can abut against the outer surface of the slope of the railway embankment (1).

10. The railway shoulder widening construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the steps of installing the railway shoulder widening device: The second anchor rod (521) is located on an outer peripheral surface of the railway embankment (1) and is coated with an anti-corrosion layer, and the thickness of the anti-corrosion layer is not less than 0.15 mm.

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