Earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine shield tail diameter-reducing escape structure and method of earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine shield tail diameter-reducing escape structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine shield tail diameter-reducing escape structure and method, and relates to the field of shield tunneling machine safety design, the earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine shield tail diameter-reducing escape structure comprises a shield tail, the end of the shield tail is inserted into a middle shield and annularly connected with the middle shield through a plurality of hinged oil cylinders, and the two ends of each hinged oil cylinder can freely rotate on the middle shield and the shield tail respectively; a plurality of rigid connecting pieces, wherein each rigid connecting piece is matched with one hinging oil cylinder; the shield tail comprises an upper half cylinder and a lower half cylinder which can be mutually spliced into a circle, and the end faces of the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder in the length direction of the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder are connected in a bell and spigot joint mode. Reducing oil cylinders are arranged at the socket and spigot positions of the two ends of the shield tail, and the telescopic direction of the reducing oil cylinders is arranged in the socket and spigot direction. By adopting the scheme, the shield tail can be quickly released only by mechanically installing the rigid connecting piece and driving the reducing oil cylinder, so that the labor intensity of personnel is greatly reduced, and the working environment condition is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of shield machine safety design, and in particular to a shield tail diameter reduction escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When the earth pressure balance shield machine passes through soft strata or is shut down for a long time, the shield tail will be compressed and wrapped by the surrounding soil, resulting in huge drag resistance, exceeding the pressure of the articulated cylinder, and unable to move forward. To get the shield tail out of trouble, there are currently methods to form an integral steel structure by articulating and welding steel plates and use a propulsion cylinder to force it out; or to weld the tooling to the shield tail and use an external jack to push the shield tail back based on the pipe segment to get it out of trouble; or to use electricity to heat the shield tail and the external soil, dry the soil, and then use a vibrating hammer to hit the shield tail to make the soil fall off to get out of trouble.

[0003] The above three methods all involve a large amount of welding work, hydraulic and electrical work, and hot work in the narrow space between the shield tail and the articulated cylinder and the propulsion cylinder poses a great safety hazard to personnel health, ventilation and dust removal, and environmental safety. All manual welding is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and the welding strength and pulling force cannot be guaranteed, and cracking often occurs; the auxiliary external hydraulic cylinder and pump station make the originally narrow space more crowded, and hydraulic operations also add new safety hazards.

[0004] In view of the problems that the above three methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, complicated to operate, and occupy a lot of working time in the application of earth pressure balance shield tail escape in water-rich soft strata, the real-time welding operation in a small space is high-risk and inefficient, and it is difficult to achieve fast and efficient escape and has low practical value, there is an urgent need for a mechanized, fast and safe escape technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a shield tail reduction and escape structure for an earth pressure balance shield machine and a method thereof. By adopting this scheme, the shield tail can be quickly escaped only by mechanized installation of rigid connectors and driving of the reduction cylinder, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of personnel and improves the working environment.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shield tail shrinking escape structure for an earth pressure balance shield machine, comprising:

[0008] A shield tail, the end of which is inserted into the middle shield and is circumferentially connected to the middle shield via a plurality of articulated oil cylinders, and both ends of the articulated oil cylinders can freely rotate on the middle shield and the shield tail respectively;

[0009] A plurality of rigid connectors, each of which is matched with an articulated oil cylinder, and the two ends of the rigid connector are respectively used to be connected to the first fixed end and the first movable end of the articulated oil cylinder; the connection position of the rigid connector and one or both ends of the articulated oil cylinder is provided with an adjustable gap along the extension direction of the articulated oil cylinder;

[0010] The shield tail comprises an upper semi-cylinder and a lower semi-cylinder which can be joined to form a circle, and the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder are connected by sockets between the end faces along their own length directions; the socket positions at both ends of the shield tail are provided with reducing cylinders, and the two ends of the reducing cylinders are respectively connected to the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder, and the telescopic direction of the reducing cylinder is arranged along the socket direction.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the above three methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and complicated to operate in the application of the earth pressure balance shield tail escape in water-rich soft strata, and they take up a lot of working time. The real-time welding operation in a small space is high-risk and inefficient, and it is difficult to achieve rapid and efficient escape, and the practical value is low. The present invention provides a shrinking escape structure for the tail of an earth pressure balance shield machine. By adopting this scheme, the tail of the shield can be quickly escaped only by mechanized installation of rigid connectors and driving of the shrinking cylinder, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of personnel and improves the working environment. In the specific scheme, it includes a shield tail connected to the middle shield, the end of the shield tail is inserted into the middle shield, and is connected to the middle shield through a number of articulated cylinders arranged in a circumferential direction; when the shield tail is stopped and the package is trapped, the resistance to dragging the shield tail is huge, which exceeds the pressure of the articulated cylinder, and direct dragging will cause damage to the articulated cylinder. Therefore, this scheme also provides a rigid connector at the articulated cylinder, and the two ends of the rigid connector are respectively connected to the first fixed end and the first movable end of the articulated cylinder, thereby limiting the stroke of the articulated cylinder, making its stroke basically fixed, and bearing the drag force through the structural strength of the rigid connector itself. In addition, the shield tail includes an upper semi-cylinder and a lower semi-cylinder, both of which are semicircular, and are connected by a socket connection between the end faces along their own length direction, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the spacing between the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder; since the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder only need to shrink 2cm, the socket connection can ensure a small range of adjustment to prevent external mud from entering the shield tail. There are reducing cylinders at the socket positions at both ends of the shield tail. The four reducing cylinders are used to reduce and reset the shield tail. When the shield tail is trapped, the resistance during dragging is greatly reduced by reducing the diameter, and the shield tail is quickly freed. Among them, the connection position of the rigid connector and one or both ends of the articulated cylinder is provided with an adjustment gap along the telescopic direction of the articulated cylinder, and the movable end of the articulated cylinder is in a free state at this time, so the up and down movement between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder can be adapted by adjusting the length in a small range in the telescopic direction.

[0012] In order to realize the free rotation of the articulated oil cylinder, the inner side of the middle shield is provided with a plurality of first articulated seats in an annular direction, and the tail end of the shield is provided with a plurality of second articulated seats in an annular direction. Both ends of the articulated oil cylinder are respectively connected to the first articulated seats and the second articulated seats through ball joints. In this scheme, the existing articulated oil cylinder can only rotate in one direction at both ends, and the universal rotation is realized through ball joints. In this way, the annular articulated oil cylinders can all rotate upward or downward. In addition, an adjustment gap can also be left at the connection position of the two ends of the articulated oil cylinder, such as increasing the articulation hole and the length of the pin, so that the articulated oil cylinder can realize small-amplitude directional adjustment to match the 2cm contraction distance between the upper and lower cylinders.

[0013] In order to achieve the adjustment gap of the rigid connector, the end portion where the rigid connector and the first fixed end of the articulated oil cylinder are connected is provided with an elongated hole, the elongated hole is arranged along the telescopic direction of the articulated oil cylinder, and the elongated hole is provided with a first fastening pin connected to the articulated oil cylinder. In this scheme, since if one end of the rigid connector is restricted, the other end can only perform rotational movement and cannot adapt to the shrinking movement of the shield tail, an elongated hole can be provided at one end of the rigid connector, and the first fastening pin passes through the elongated hole and is connected to the articulated oil cylinder, so that the rigid connector can be fine-tuned along the length direction of the elongated hole to adapt to the shrinking movement of the shield tail; and the other end of the rigid connector can be connected to the ball joint.

[0014] In order to improve the stability of the adjustment process of the rigid connector and enhance the end connection strength, the rigid connector is T-shaped, and both of the two extended ends on the end of the rigid connector are provided with long holes.

[0015] In order to further seal the socket gap between the upper and lower cylinders, the upper cylinder has a strip-shaped plug on the outer side of its end face along its length direction, and the lower cylinder has a strip-shaped slot for inserting the strip-shaped plug on the outer side of its end face along its length direction; a plurality of strip-shaped lip seals are provided between the inner side of the strip-shaped plug and the side of the strip-shaped slot. The strip-shaped plug of the upper cylinder is located outside and can cover the socket gap from top to bottom to prevent external mud from directly entering the interior.

[0016] As a detachable connection method of a reducing cylinder, the upper half of the cylinder has first fixed seats on both sides of its end, and the lower half of the cylinder has second fixed seats on both sides of its end; the second fixed end of the reducing cylinder is connected to the first fixed seat via a first pin, and the second movable end of the reducing cylinder is connected to the second fixed seat via a second pin.

[0017] After the shield tail is reduced in diameter, in order to fill the gap between the shield tail and the middle shield and play a lubricating role, a plurality of mud injection holes are opened on the outer wall of the shield tail, and a plurality of mud injection pipes connected with the mud injection holes are embedded in the shield tail shell, and the outlet of the mud injection pipe is located in the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield and the outer side of the end of the shield tail.

[0018] After the shield tail is reduced in diameter, in order to further fill the gap between the shield tail and the middle shield, a double airbag is provided in the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield and the outer side of the end of the shield tail for circumferential sealing. There are two single airbags between the shield tail and the middle shield for use during excavation construction; in addition to the two single airbags, an additional circumferential double airbag is added to adapt to the gap after the diameter is reduced by adding a chamber.

[0019] In order to facilitate lubrication of the socket surface, the upper half cylinder shell has a lubricating oil injection channel inside, and the lubricating oil injection channel is connected to the socket position of the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder. Grease can be injected into the socket position to lubricate the socket contact surface of the shield tail shell, maintain sealing lubrication and pressure bearing 10bar function, and realize the sealing function of the socket contact surface while facilitating the reduction adjustment.

[0020] In a further embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for escaping an earth pressure balance shield machine shield tail shrinking escape structure, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: When the shield tail is stopped and the package is trapped, rigid connectors are connected at several articulated cylinders;

[0022] S2: Lubricating oil is then injected into the socket position between the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder;

[0023] S3: Start the shrinking cylinder to shrink, and inflate the double airbags that are annularly sealed in the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield and the outer side of the end of the shield tail;

[0024] S4: then injecting thick mud into the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield and the outer side of the end of the shield tail;

[0025] S5: Start the foam system and the cutter head to rotate, turn on the propulsion system to gradually increase the thrust, and thus pull out the shield tail;

[0026] S6: After the tail of the shield is freed, the double airbags are deflated to reset the reducing cylinder and remove the rigid connector.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention provides a shield tail shrinking escape structure and method for an earth pressure balance shield machine, which provides a mechanized and operable shield tail escape mode, realizes safe, fast and reproducible escape construction, greatly reduces the labor intensity of personnel, improves the working environment, and further illustrates the concept of simplicity, reliability and efficiency. The articulated cylinder stroke is fixed by a rigid connector, the shield tail locking mechanism is reduced and inflated and sealed, and mud is injected synchronously during the shrinking process to fill the gap after the shield tail is reduced, and the shield tail size is restored after the escape. The above operations can be completed by the shield driver in the shield operation room, realizing mechanized operation, fast and safe escape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of a shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the shield tail provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the articulated oil cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of the mud injection pipe provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a dual airbag provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the reduced diameter oil cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A partial schematic diagram of a shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the middle shield end face provided by the present invention.

[0038] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0039] 1-middle shield, 101-first articulated seat, 2-articulated cylinder, 201-first fixed end, 202-first movable end, 3-shield tail, 301-second articulated seat, 302-first fixed seat, 303-second fixed seat, 304-first pin, 305-second pin, 306-mud injection hole, 307-mud injection pipe, 4-rigid connector, 5-reduced diameter cylinder, 501-second fixed end, 502-second movable end, 6-ball joint, 7-first fastening pin, 8-strip lip seal, 9-double airbag, 10-shield tail brush, 11-end face grouting outlet, 12-thrust cylinder, 13-middle shield articulated surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] This embodiment 1 provides a shield tail shrinking escape structure for an earth pressure balance shield machine, such as Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, including:

[0043] A shield tail 3, the end of which is inserted into the middle shield 1 and is circumferentially connected to the middle shield 1 through a plurality of articulated oil cylinders 2, and both ends of the articulated oil cylinders 2 can freely rotate on the middle shield 1 and the shield tail 3 respectively;

[0044] A plurality of rigid connectors 4, each of which matches an articulated oil cylinder 2, and the two ends of the rigid connector 4 are respectively used to connect to the first fixed end 201 and the first movable end 202 of the articulated oil cylinder 2; the connection position of the rigid connector 4 and one or both ends of the articulated oil cylinder 2 is provided with an adjustable gap along the extension direction of the articulated oil cylinder 2;

[0045] The shield tail 3 includes an upper semi-cylinder and a lower semi-cylinder that can be spliced ​​together to form a circle. The upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder are connected by sockets between the end faces along their own length directions. The socket positions at both ends of the shield tail 3 are provided with reducing cylinders 5. The two ends of the reducing cylinders 5 are respectively connected to the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder, and the telescopic direction of the reducing cylinder 5 is set along the socket direction.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the above three methods are time-consuming, laborious, complicated to operate, and occupy a lot of working time in the application of the earth pressure balance shield tail 3 in water-rich soft strata. The real-time welding operation in a small space is high-risk and inefficient, and it is difficult to achieve fast and efficient escape and has low practical value. The present invention provides a reducing escape structure for the shield tail 3 of an earth pressure balance shield machine. By adopting this scheme, the shield tail 3 can be quickly escaped only by mechanized installation of the rigid connecting part 4 and driving the reducing cylinder 5, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of personnel and improves the working environment. In the specific scheme, it includes a shield tail 3 connected to the middle shield 1, the end of the shield tail 3 is inserted into the middle shield 1, and is connected to the middle shield 1 through a plurality of circumferentially arranged articulated cylinders 2; when the shield tail 3 is stopped and the package is trapped, the resistance to dragging the shield tail 3 is huge, which exceeds the pressure of the articulated cylinder 2, and direct dragging will cause damage to the articulated cylinder 2. Therefore, this scheme also provides a rigid connector 4 at the articulated cylinder 2, and the two ends of the rigid connector 4 are respectively connected to the first fixed end 201 and the first movable end 202 of the articulated cylinder 2, thereby limiting the stroke of the articulated cylinder 2, making its stroke basically fixed, and the structural strength of the rigid connector 4 itself is used to withstand the dragging force. In addition, the shield tail 3 includes an upper half cylinder and a lower half cylinder, both of which are semicircular, and the socket connection between the end faces along the length direction of the shield tail 3 is used to adjust the spacing between the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder; since the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder only need to shrink 2cm, the socket connection can ensure a small range of adjustment to prevent external mud from entering the shield tail 3. The shield tail 3 is provided with a reducing cylinder 5 at the socket positions at both ends, and the shield tail 3 is reduced and reset by four reducing cylinders 5, so that when the shield tail 3 is trapped, the resistance during dragging is greatly reduced by reducing the diameter, and the shield tail 3 is quickly freed. Among them, the rigid connector 4 and the connection position of one or both ends of the articulated cylinder 2 are provided with an adjustment gap along the telescopic direction of the articulated cylinder 2, and at this time, the movable end of the articulated cylinder 2 is in a free state, so the small range of length adjustment in the telescopic direction can adapt to the up and down movement between the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder.

[0047] In order to realize the free rotation of the articulated oil cylinder 2, the inner side of the middle shield 1 is provided with a plurality of first articulated seats 101 in an annular direction, and the end of the shield tail 3 is provided with a plurality of second articulated seats 301 in an annular direction. Both ends of the articulated oil cylinder 2 are respectively connected to the first articulated seats 101 and the second articulated seats 301 through ball joints 6. In this scheme, the existing method that the two ends of the articulated oil cylinder 2 can only rotate in one direction is changed to realize universal rotation through ball joints 6, so that the several articulated oil cylinders 2 in an annular direction can all rotate upward or downward. In addition, an adjustment gap can also be reserved at the connection position of the two ends of the articulated oil cylinder 2, such as increasing the articulation hole and the length of the pin, so that the articulated oil cylinder 2 can realize small-amplitude directional adjustment to match the 2cm contraction distance between the upper and lower cylinders.

[0048] In order to achieve the adjustment gap of the rigid connector 4, the end portion where the rigid connector 4 and the first fixed end 201 of the articulated oil cylinder 2 are connected is provided with an elongated hole, the elongated hole is arranged along the telescopic direction of the articulated oil cylinder 2, and the elongated hole is provided with a first fastening pin 7 connected to the articulated oil cylinder 2. In this solution, since if one end of the rigid connector 4 is restricted, the other end can only perform rotational movement and cannot adapt to the shrinking movement of the shield tail 3, an elongated hole can be provided at one end of the rigid connector 4, and the first fastening pin 7 passes through the elongated hole and is connected to the articulated oil cylinder 2, so that the rigid connector 4 can be fine-tuned along the length direction of the elongated hole to adapt to the shrinking movement of the shield tail 3; and the other end of the rigid connector 4 can be connected to the ball joint 6.

[0049] In order to improve the stability of the adjustment process of the rigid connector 4 and enhance the end connection strength, the rigid connector 4 is T-shaped, and long holes are provided on the two extended ends of the rigid connector 4.

[0050] In order to further seal the socket gap between the upper and lower cylinders, the upper cylinder has a strip-shaped plug on the outer side of its end surface along its length direction, and the lower cylinder has a strip-shaped slot for inserting the strip-shaped plug on the outer side of its end surface along its length direction; a plurality of strip-shaped lip seals 8 are provided between the inner side of the strip-shaped plug and the side of the strip-shaped slot. The strip-shaped plug of the upper cylinder is located outside and can cover the socket gap from top to bottom to prevent external mud from directly entering the interior.

[0051] As a detachable connection method of the reducing cylinder 5, the upper half of the cylinder has first fixed seats 302 on both sides of its end, and the lower half of the cylinder has second fixed seats 303 on both sides of its end; the second fixed end 501 of the reducing cylinder 5 is connected to the first fixed seat 302 via a first pin 304, and the second movable end 502 of the reducing cylinder 5 is connected to the second fixed seat 303 via a second pin 305.

[0052] After the shield tail 3 is reduced in diameter, in order to fill the gap between the shield tail 3 and the middle shield 1 and play a lubricating role, a plurality of mud injection holes 306 are opened on the outer wall of the shield tail 3, and a plurality of mud injection pipes 307 connected with the mud injection holes 306 are embedded in the shell of the shield tail 3. The outlet of the mud injection pipe 307 is located in the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield 1 and the outer side of the end of the shield tail 3.

[0053] After the shield tail 3 is reduced in diameter, in order to further fill the gap between the shield tail 3 and the middle shield 1, a double airbag 9 is provided in an annular direction to seal the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield 1 and the outer side of the end of the shield tail 3. Among them, two single airbags are originally provided between the shield tail 3 and the middle shield 1 for use during excavation construction; and in addition to the two single airbags, an additional annular double airbag 9 is added to adapt to the gap after the reduction in diameter by adding a chamber.

[0054] In order to facilitate lubrication of the socket surface, the upper half cylinder shell has a lubricating oil injection channel inside, and the lubricating oil injection channel is connected to the socket position of the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder. Grease can be injected into the socket position to lubricate the socket contact surface of the shield tail 3 shell, maintain sealing lubrication and pressure bearing 10bar function, and realize the sealing function of the socket contact surface while facilitating the reduction adjustment.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] This embodiment 2 is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, and also provides a method for escaping from an earth pressure balance shield machine shield tail 3 reduction escape structure, including the following specific steps:

[0057] When the shield tail 3 is trapped, firstly, 15 pairs of rigid connectors 4 are manually installed, and the rigid connectors 4 are installed at the articulated oil cylinder 2 to realize rigid connection locking, and the articulated oil cylinder 2 is set to a released free state.

[0058] Inject butter grease to lubricate the socket contact surface of the shield tail 3 shells to achieve the sealing function at the hinged socket contact surface.

[0059] The operator operates the shrinking cylinder 5 to slowly shrink the upper cylinder of the shield tail 3 by 2 cm (the gap of the shield tail 3 is 4.5-7.5 cm, and the gap shell of the shield tail brush 10 is compressed to 4.5 cm), and opens the double airbags 9 to seal and inflate to fill the gap generated after the shrinkage.

[0060] During the shrinking operation, the operator opens the mud injection system of the shield tail 3 at the same time and injects mud into the mud injection hole 306 to timely lubricate and fill the slightly changing gap between the middle shield 1 and the shield tail 3 to prevent soil collapse and play a lubricating role. The shrinking shield tail 3 reduces the resistance of the shield tail 3 wrapping and improves the ability to escape.

[0061] After the operator completes the above operations, the foam improvement system, cutterhead system and tunneling system are turned on to start advancing. The thrust of the propulsion cylinder 12 is gradually increased to between 2000t and 6000t. The tunneling speed is observed at any time to change between 5 and 10mm / min, and the force of the rigid connector 4 is observed to adjust the thrust in time. The grease pump of the shield tail 3 is started synchronously, and the operator operates the grease pump of the shield tail 3 to pump grease into the shield tail 3 in time to ensure the sealing effect of the shield tail brush 10. The actual operating thrust is adjusted slowly to meet the requirements of getting out of trouble.

[0062] After the shield tail 3 is freed from the difficulty, it continues to advance. The operator operates the double airbags 9 to seal and slowly deflate, and at the same time controls the reducing cylinder 5 to lift the upper shell of the shield tail 3 to realize the overall roundness of the shield tail 3.

[0063] After getting out of trouble, the double airbags 9 begin to deflate to a normal state, stop injecting mud into the shield tail 3 and close the valve, start the reducing cylinder 5 to start pressurizing and stretching to lift the upper half of the shield tail 3 to its original state (full circle shape), and close the pipeline valve of the reducing cylinder 5; remove the rigid connector 4 to put the articulated cylinder 2 in a free state; start the shield tail 3 to replenish grease. After completing the above work, check the sealing status of each system. After confirming that there is no error, start the normal excavation mode to achieve rapid escape from trouble.

[0064] The above scheme provides a method for reducing the diameter of the tail of an earth pressure balance shield machine to escape from trouble. All operations can be performed in the operation room using mechanical, hydraulic, electrical and sensor circuits to achieve functions such as stroke displacement, pressure, fluid and sealing, replacing traditional manual installation, welding, cutting, grinding, jacking and other processes, and realizing efficient mechanized operations.

[0065] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tail shrinking escape structure for an earth pressure balance shield machine, characterized in that: include: A shield tail (3), the end of which is inserted into the middle shield (1) and is circumferentially connected to the middle shield (1) via a plurality of articulated oil cylinders (2), and both ends of the articulated oil cylinders (2) can freely rotate on the middle shield (1) and the shield tail (3); A plurality of rigid connectors (4), each of the rigid connectors (4) being matched with an articulated oil cylinder (2), and the two ends of the rigid connector (4) being respectively used for connecting to the first fixed end and the first movable end of the articulated oil cylinder (2); the connection position between the rigid connector (4) and one or both ends of the articulated oil cylinder (2) is provided with an adjustable gap along the extension and contraction direction of the articulated oil cylinder (2); The shield tail (3) comprises an upper semi-cylinder and a lower semi-cylinder which can be joined to form a circle, and the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder are connected by sockets between the end faces along their length directions; the socket positions at both ends of the shield tail (3) are provided with reducing cylinders (5), the two ends of the reducing cylinders (5) are respectively connected to the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder, and the telescopic direction of the reducing cylinder (5) is arranged along the socket direction.

2. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the middle shield (1) is provided with a plurality of first hinge seats (101) in an annular direction, the end of the shield tail (3) is provided with a plurality of second hinge seats (301) in an annular direction, and both ends of the hinge cylinder (2) are respectively connected to the first hinge seat (101) and the second hinge seat (301) through a ball joint (6).

3. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end portion where the rigid connecting member (4) and the first fixed end of the articulated oil cylinder (2) are connected is provided with an elongated hole, the elongated hole is arranged along the telescopic direction of the articulated oil cylinder (2), and the elongated hole is provided with a first fastening pin (7) connected to the articulated oil cylinder (2).

4. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rigid connecting piece (4) is T-shaped, and two extending ends on the end of the rigid connecting piece (4) are both provided with long holes.

5. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper half cylinder has a strip-shaped plug-in block on the outer side of its end surface along its length direction, and the lower half cylinder has a strip-shaped slot on the outer side of its end surface along its length direction for the strip-shaped plug-in block to be inserted into; a plurality of strip-shaped lip seals (8) are provided between the inner side surface of the strip-shaped plug-in block and the side surface of the strip-shaped slot.

6. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the end of the upper semi-cylinder are provided with a first fixed seat (302), and both sides of the end of the lower semi-cylinder are provided with a second fixed seat (303); the second fixed end of the reducing cylinder (5) is connected to the first fixed seat (302) via a first pin (304), and the second movable end of the reducing cylinder (5) is connected to the second fixed seat (303) via a second pin (305).

7. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of mud injection holes (306) are formed on the outer wall of the shield tail (3); a plurality of mud injection pipes (307) connected to the mud injection holes (306) are embedded in the shell of the shield tail (3); and the outlets of the mud injection pipes (307) are located in the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield (1) and the outer side of the end of the shield tail (3).

8. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A double air bag (9) is provided in an annular sealing manner in the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield (1) and the outer side of the end of the shield tail (3).

9. The shield tail shrinking escape structure of an earth pressure balance shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper semi-cylinder shell has a lubricating oil injection channel inside, and the lubricating oil injection channel is communicated with the socket positions of the upper semi-cylinder and the lower semi-cylinder.

10. A method for escaping an earth pressure balance shield machine shield tail shrinking escape structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: When the shield tail (3) is stopped and the package is trapped, the rigid connecting parts (4) are connected to the plurality of articulated cylinders (2); S2: Lubricating oil is then injected into the socket position between the upper half cylinder and the lower half cylinder; S3: starting the diameter-reducing oil cylinder (5) to shrink, and inflating the double airbags (9) annularly sealed in the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield (1) and the outer side of the end of the shield tail (3); S4: Then, thick mud is injected into the gap between the inner side of the end of the middle shield (1) and the outer side of the end of the shield tail (3); S5: Start the foam system and the cutter head to rotate, and turn on the propulsion system to gradually increase the thrust, thereby pulling out the shield tail (3); S6: After the shield tail (3) is freed, the double airbags (9) are deflated to reset the reduced diameter oil cylinder (5), and the rigid connector (4) is removed.

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