Process and system for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene component

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and a system for converting municipal solid wastes into sustainable aviation kerosene components. The system comprises a cracking device, a condensing device, a solid waste treatment device, a gas purification device, an extraction device, a hydrogenation reaction device and a rectification device. According to the system and the process provided by the invention, the municipal solid wastes are converted into high-added-value products, the environmental benefits and the economic benefits are improved, and meanwhile, the conversion efficiency of the municipal solid wastes into sustainable aviation kerosene components is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of urban solid waste treatment technology, and relates to a process and system for converting urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components. Background Technology

[0002] Urban solid waste, such as waste plastics, rubber, and medical waste, contains abundant organic components. Direct incineration or landfill not only wastes resources but may also pollute the environment. Converting these wastes into high-value-added chemicals or fuels could provide a new solution for waste disposal.

[0003] Existing technologies mostly focus on the pyrolysis and conversion of waste plastics, for example:

[0004] CN1597848A discloses a process for producing fuel oil from waste plastics through pyrolysis, which includes steps such as preheating and feeding, catalysis, pyrolysis and fractionation. The catalyst used for pyrolysis is Y-type zeolite molecular sieve. After high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis and fractionation, waste plastics are used to obtain products such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel.

[0005] CN119912959A discloses a system and method for the complete utilization of waste plastic pyrolysis products. The system pyrolyzes waste plastic to produce pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis carbon. The pyrolysis gas is subjected to carbon dioxide capture and treated to obtain supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. The pyrolysis carbon enters a gasifier and reacts with steam to generate syngas, which is then used to synthesize methanol. The pyrolysis oil is distilled to obtain light oil and heavy oil. The light oil is hydrogenated to obtain naphtha and fuel oil. The heavy oil is cracked and hydrogenated to obtain naphtha and fuel oil.

[0006] Sustainable aviation kerosene is an environmentally friendly aviation fuel designed to significantly reduce carbon emissions in the aviation industry. Produced from renewable resources or biomass, its production process and combustion products have a far smaller environmental impact than traditional petroleum-based aviation fuel, making it a key pathway for the aviation industry to achieve a low-carbon transformation. Sustainable aviation kerosene is primarily composed of C8-C16 hydrocarbons, specifically alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics. The blending ratios of these hydrocarbons are carefully designed to meet the stringent performance requirements of aviation fuel.

[0007] In the existing technology, there is little research on the pyrolysis of urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene. Furthermore, the efficiency of the existing technology in converting urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene is low. Therefore, if a process and system for converting urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components can be developed to realize the resource utilization of waste, it will be of great significance to the fields of environmental protection and recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The problem the invention aims to solve

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a process and system for converting urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components. This process transforms urban solid waste into high-value-added sustainable aviation kerosene components, turning waste into treasure and improving both environmental and economic benefits while increasing the conversion efficiency of urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components.

[0010] Solution for solving the problem

[0011] To address the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0012] [1]. A system for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components, wherein the system comprises: a pyrolysis unit 101, a condensation unit 102, a solid waste treatment unit 103, a gas purification unit 104, an extraction unit 105, a hydrogenation reaction unit 301, and a distillation unit 401.

[0013] The pyrolysis device 101 is connected to the condensation device 102 and the solid waste treatment device 103 respectively. The pyrolysis device 101 is configured to carry out a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction of the municipal solid waste to obtain pyrolysis products and residues. The condensation device 102 is configured to receive the pyrolysis products and cool them to obtain pyrolysis oil and non-condensable pyrolysis gas. The solid waste treatment device 103 is configured to receive the residues and separate them to obtain carbon materials.

[0014] Both the gas purification device 104 and the extraction device 105 are connected to the condensation device 102. The gas purification device 104 is configured to receive the pyrolysis gas and purify and remove impurities from the pyrolysis gas; the extraction device 105 is configured to receive the pyrolysis oil and purify and remove impurities from the pyrolysis oil.

[0015] The gas purification device 104 and the extraction device 105 are both connected to the hydrogenation reaction device 301. The hydrogenation reaction device 301 is configured to receive the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil, and to introduce hydrogen gas to carry out a hydrogenation reaction to obtain heavy hydrocarbon products.

[0016] The distillation apparatus 401 is connected to the hydrogenation reaction apparatus 301. The distillation apparatus 401 is configured to receive the heavy hydrocarbon product and perform distillation separation on the heavy hydrocarbon product to separate C8~C16 hydrocarbons.

[0017] The urban solid waste includes one or more of waste plastics, waste paper, and medical waste.

[0018] [2]. According to the system described in [1], the gas purification device 104 includes a pyrolysis gas pretreatment unit, a desulfurization unit, a denitrification unit, a VOCs removal unit and a syngas refining unit;

[0019] The extraction device 105 includes a pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit and an extraction separation unit.

[0020] [3]. The system according to [1] or [2] further includes a PEM electrolysis device 201 connected to the hydrogenation reaction device 301, wherein the PEM electrolysis device 201 is configured to electrolyze water to obtain hydrogen and to provide the hydrogen required for the reaction of the hydrogenation reaction device 301.

[0021] [4]. The system according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the system further includes an energy storage device 501, the energy storage device 501 being connected to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103, the PEM electrolysis device 201 and the hydrogenation reaction device 301 respectively, and the energy storage device 501 being configured to provide the required energy to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103, the PEM electrolysis device 201 and the hydrogenation reaction device 301;

[0022] Preferably, the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 501 comes from any one of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, and thermal power generation.

[0023] [5]. The system according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the system further includes a control device 601, the control device 601 being connected to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103, the hydrogenation reaction device 301 and the energy storage device 501 respectively, and the control device 601 being configured to regulate the energy storage device 501 to distribute the required energy to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103 and the hydrogenation reaction device 301;

[0024] Preferably, the control device 601 is further configured to regulate the device temperature and device pressure of the pyrolysis device 101 to meet the conditions required for the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction;

[0025] The control device 601 is also configured to regulate the device temperature and device pressure of the hydrogenation reaction device 301 to meet the conditions required for the hydrogenation reaction.

[0026] [6]. The system according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the system further includes a pretreatment device 701 connected to the pyrolysis device 101, the pretreatment device 701 being configured to clean, dry and granulate the municipal solid waste to obtain block municipal solid waste, and to send the block municipal solid waste into the pyrolysis device 101 for high-temperature pyrolysis.

[0027] [7]. A process for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components, wherein the process is carried out in the system described in any one of claims [1] to [6], and the process includes the following steps:

[0028] A pyrolysis catalyst is loaded into the pyrolysis unit, and municipal solid waste is fed into the pyrolysis unit. The municipal solid waste undergoes a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction under the action of the pyrolysis catalyst to obtain pyrolysis products and residues.

[0029] The pyrolysis products enter the condensation device and condense at low temperature to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil;

[0030] The residue is fed into a solid waste treatment device for separation and treatment to obtain carbon materials;

[0031] The pyrolysis gas enters a gas purification device to remove impurities including hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and VOCs, resulting in purified pyrolysis gas; the pyrolysis oil is passed into an extraction device to remove impurities including water and solid particles, resulting in purified pyrolysis oil.

[0032] A bifunctional microsphere catalyst is packed into a hydrogenation reactor. The purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis oil, the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas, and hydrogen are introduced into the hydrogenation reactor to carry out a hydrogenation reaction and obtain heavy hydrocarbon products.

[0033] The heavy hydrocarbon products are passed into a distillation unit for distillation separation to separate C8-C16 hydrocarbons.

[0034] The urban solid waste includes one or more of waste plastics, waste paper, and medical waste.

[0035] [8]. The process according to [7], wherein the process satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0036] The pyrolysis catalyst in the pyrolysis unit is an H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst.

[0037] The temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis device is 450~550℃;

[0038] The pressure of the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis device is atmospheric pressure.

[0039] The temperature of the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor is 350~450℃;

[0040] The pressure of the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor is 2~4 MPa.

[0041] [9]. According to the process described in [7] or [8], wherein,

[0042] The purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas includes syngas;

[0043] The purified pyrolysis oil includes hydrocarbon compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, and acidic organic compounds, including alkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0044]

[10] . The process according to any one of [7] to [9], wherein,

[0045] The purification and impurity removal process of the pyrolysis gas by the gas purification device 104 includes the following steps:

[0046] S1: The pyrolysis gas enters the pyrolysis gas pretreatment unit, where it is cooled and particulate matter and tar are removed;

[0047] S2: Enters the desulfurization unit to remove hydrogen sulfide;

[0048] S3: Enters the denitrification unit to remove nitrogen oxides;

[0049] S4: Enter the VOCs removal unit to remove VOCs;

[0050] S5: Enter the syngas refining unit to remove residual impurity gases, which contain CO2 and CH4, to obtain the purified pyrolysis gas;

[0051] The purification and impurity removal process of the pyrolysis oil by the extraction device 105 includes the following steps:

[0052] S1': The pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit, where large particulate solids are removed by means of a filter or centrifuge;

[0053] S2': Enter the extraction and separation unit, using toluene or xylene as the extractant, mix the pretreated pyrolysis oil with the extractant, stir thoroughly, let it stand to separate into layers, and separate to obtain an organic phase and an aqueous phase. Remove the aqueous phase, and the resulting organic phase is the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis oil.

[0054] The effects of the invention

[0055] The system and process for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components provided by this invention have significant technical advantages: Municipal solid waste is first subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis in a catalyst-filled pyrolysis unit 101 to obtain pyrolysis products and residues, thus improving pyrolysis efficiency and product (pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil) yields; the residues can be separated in a solid waste treatment unit to extract carbon materials for secondary utilization as valuable byproducts; the pyrolysis products undergo condensation to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; after purification and impurity removal, the purity of the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil is improved. This provides high-quality feedstock for subsequent hydrogenation reactions, improving their efficiency. Furthermore, the purified pyrolysis oil and gas undergo hydrogenation under controlled conditions in the hydrogenation reactor to generate high-quality heavy hydrocarbon products, increasing the yield of C8-C16 hydrocarbons. The distillation unit efficiently separates C8-C16 hydrocarbons, meeting the quality requirements for sustainable aviation kerosene. In addition, the energy storage device can simultaneously provide the necessary electrical and thermal energy to the cracking unit, solid waste treatment unit, and hydrogenation reactor, reducing dependence on the external power grid and improving the system's energy utilization efficiency.

[0056] The system and process for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components provided by this invention have significant environmental benefits: First, municipal solid waste is converted into sustainable aviation kerosene components through processes such as cracking, condensation, purification, hydrogenation, and distillation, thereby transforming municipal solid waste into high-value-added products, reducing landfill demand, and lowering environmental pollution; Second, the gas purification device 104 and extraction device 105 can remove harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds, reducing secondary pollution.

[0057] The system and process for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components provided by this invention have significant economic benefits: using municipal solid waste as raw material is inexpensive and widely available; converting waste into high-value-added sustainable aviation kerosene components enhances resource utilization value and creates economic benefits.

[0058] The system for converting urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components provided by this invention has significant system integration advantages: the system integrates devices for cracking, condensation, purification, extraction, hydrogenation, and distillation, and achieves intelligent energy allocation by setting up an energy storage device, thereby improving system operating efficiency; at the same time, the high degree of system integration facilitates operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0059] Figure 1The diagram shows a system schematic of converting urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein: 101 is a cracking device, 102 is a condensation device, 103 is a solid waste treatment device, 104 is a gas purification device, 105 is an extraction device, 201 is a PEM electrolysis device, 301 is a hydrogenation reaction device, 401 is a distillation device, 501 is an energy storage device, 601 is a control device, and 701 is a pretreatment device. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. The term "exemplary" as used herein means "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment illustrated herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0061] Furthermore, to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be practiced without certain specific details. In other instances, methods, means, apparatus, and steps well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the spirit of the present invention.

[0062] Unless otherwise stated, all units used in this specification are international standard units, and all numerical values ​​and ranges appearing in this invention should be understood to include systematic errors that are unavoidable in industrial production.

[0063] In this specification, the word "may" has two meanings: to perform a certain process and not to perform a certain process.

[0064] In this specification, references to "some specific / preferred embodiments," "other specific / preferred embodiments," "implementation," etc., refer to specific elements (e.g., features, structures, properties, and / or characteristics) related to that embodiment, which are included in at least one of the embodiments described herein and may or may not be present in other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that these elements may be combined in any suitable manner in various embodiments.

[0065] In this specification, the range of values ​​referred to as "value A to value B" refers to the range including the endpoint values ​​A and B.

[0066] In this specification, "major axis" is used to refer to the longest dimension of a non-circular or irregular object. For example, the major axis of an ellipse is the length of its longest axis.

[0067] In this manual, PEM refers to proton exchange membrane.

[0068] In this manual, VOCs refers to volatile organic compounds.

[0069] It should be noted that the municipal solid waste in this invention includes one or more of waste plastics, waste paper, and medical waste. In some embodiments, the municipal solid waste in this invention is waste plastics.

[0070] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a system for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components. Figure 1 This invention illustrates a system for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components, as provided by the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a pyrolysis device 101, a condensation device 102, a solid waste treatment device 103, a gas purification device 104, an extraction device 105, a hydrogenation reaction device 301, and a distillation device 401.

[0071] See Figure 1 The pyrolysis unit 101 is connected to the condensation unit 102 and the solid waste treatment unit 103 respectively. The pyrolysis unit 101 is configured to carry out a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction of municipal solid waste to obtain pyrolysis products and residues. The condensation unit 102 is configured to receive the pyrolysis products and cool them to obtain pyrolysis oil and non-condensable pyrolysis gas. The solid waste treatment unit 103 is configured to receive the residues and separate them to obtain valuable by-products, such as carbon materials.

[0072] Both the gas purification device 104 and the extraction device 105 are connected to the condensation device 102. The gas purification device 104 is configured to receive pyrolysis gas and purify and remove impurities from the pyrolysis gas; the extraction device 105 is configured to receive pyrolysis oil and purify and remove impurities from the pyrolysis oil.

[0073] The gas purification device 104 and the extraction device 105 are both connected to the hydrogenation reaction device 301. The hydrogenation reaction device 301 is configured to receive the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas and the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis oil, and to introduce hydrogen gas to carry out the hydrogenation reaction to obtain heavy hydrocarbon products.

[0074] The distillation unit 401 is connected to the hydrogenation reaction unit 301. The distillation unit 401 is configured to receive heavy hydrocarbon products and perform distillation separation on the heavy hydrocarbon products to separate C8~C16 hydrocarbons, which are the components of sustainable aviation kerosene.

[0075] The system provided by this invention has the advantage of high integration. The system integrates a pyrolysis device 101, a condensation device 102, a solid waste treatment device 103, a gas purification device 104, an extraction device 105, a hydrogenation reaction device 301, and a distillation device 401, so that municipal solid waste can be transformed into sustainable aviation kerosene components after undergoing pyrolysis, condensation, purification, extraction, hydrogenation, and distillation, thereby realizing the transformation of municipal solid waste into high value-added products.

[0076] In some embodiments, the system provided by the present invention further includes an energy storage device 501, which is electrically connected to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103, and the hydrogenation reaction device 301, respectively. The energy storage device 501 is configured to provide the required electrical and thermal energy to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103, and the hydrogenation reaction device 301.

[0077] In this invention, the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 501 comes from any one of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, and thermal power generation. The installation of the energy storage device 501 greatly improves the utilization rate of renewable energy (such as solar energy, wind energy, etc.). As an energy supply device, the energy storage device can provide the required energy for the system of this invention even when the renewable energy supply is insufficient or unstable, ensuring the continuity and stability of the system operation and improving the system operating efficiency.

[0078] It should be noted that, Figure 1 The dashed lines in the diagram represent the energy flow between the energy storage device 501 and each device (cracking device 101, solid waste treatment device 103, and hydrogenation reaction device 301), that is, there are circuit control paths, indicating that the energy storage device 501 supplies energy to each device.

[0079] In specific implementation, the pyrolysis device 101 in the system provided by the present invention consists of a reaction vessel and a pyrolysis furnace placed inside the reaction vessel. A resistance wire is provided between the energy storage device 501 and the reaction vessel. The energy storage device 501 supplies electricity to the resistance wire to generate heat to heat the reaction vessel and provide the heat required for the pyrolysis reaction to the pyrolysis furnace. A catalyst bed is provided inside the pyrolysis furnace. The catalyst bed contains a pyrolysis catalyst, such as H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, to reduce the temperature required for the pyrolysis reaction of municipal solid waste and optimize the selectivity and efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction. A slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace. The slag discharge port is connected to the solid waste treatment device 103 to facilitate the periodic removal of reaction residues and ensure continuous operation of the equipment.

[0080] It should be noted that municipal solid waste undergoes a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in pyrolysis unit 101, yielding pyrolysis products and residues. The pyrolysis products are further condensed in condensation unit 102, with some components forming pyrolysis oil. The main components of pyrolysis oil include hydrocarbon compounds (including alkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons) and oxides of organic compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes, and acids. The pyrolysis oil also contains oil-insoluble impurities, water, and solid particulate matter. The non-condensable components of the pyrolysis products form pyrolysis gas. The main component of pyrolysis gas is syngas, and it also contains hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and VOCs. The residue mainly consists of carbon ash and other solid residues.

[0081] See Figure 1 In the system provided by this invention, the residue generated in the pyrolysis device 101 is introduced into the solid waste treatment device 103. Specifically, the residue can be discharged from the reactor of the pyrolysis device 101 by a spiral slag discharger and sent into the solid waste treatment device 103. The solid waste treatment device 103 can separate the carbon ash in the residue by screening, and reuse it as a valuable by-product, thereby further improving the conversion value of urban solid waste.

[0082] See Figure 1 In the system provided by this invention, the pyrolysis gas formed in the condenser 102 is introduced into the gas purification device 104. Hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and VOCs in the pyrolysis gas are removed by the gas purification device 104. The main component of the purified pyrolysis gas is syngas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen). The pyrolysis oil formed in the condenser 102 is introduced into the extraction device 105. Insoluble impurities, water, and solid particulate matter in the pyrolysis oil are removed by the extraction device 105. The main component of the purified pyrolysis oil is hydrocarbon compounds (including alkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons) as well as oxides of alcohols, aldehydes, and acids. The gas purification device 104 and the extraction device 105 ensure the purity of the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil, providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent hydrogenation reactions and improving the efficiency of these reactions.

[0083] In some implementations, the gas purification device 104 includes a pyrolysis gas pretreatment unit, a desulfurization unit, a denitrification unit, a VOCs removal unit, and a syngas refining unit. The pyrolysis gas undergoes the action of these multiple treatment units to complete the purification process. First, after entering the pretreatment unit, the pyrolysis gas is cooled and has particulate matter and tar removed by the pretreatment unit (including a condenser, cyclone separator, and also an electrostatic precipitator or bag filter). Then, it passes through the desulfurization unit (including a dry desulfurization tower, 100°C to 300°C) to remove hydrogen sulfide. Finally, it passes through the denitrification unit (including a non-selective catalytic reduction (NSCR) reactor, 500°C to 800°C) to remove nitrogen oxides (NOx).x (e.g., NO, NO2); VOCs are further adsorbed and removed by the VOCs removal unit (including activated carbon adsorption tower); finally, the syngas is purified by the syngas refining unit (including pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit, 5 bar to 10 bar) to remove residual impurity gases (e.g., CO2, CH4), further purifying the syngas to ensure it is suitable for the preparation of aromatics and improve the efficiency of subsequent hydrogenation reactions.

[0084] In some embodiments, the extraction apparatus 105 includes a pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit and an extraction separation unit. First, the pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit, where large particulate solids are removed using a filter or centrifuge. Then, it enters the extraction separation unit, where toluene or xylene is used as the extractant. The pretreated pyrolysis oil is mixed with the extractant in a specific ratio, stirred thoroughly, and allowed to stand for separation. The organic phase and aqueous phase are then separated using a separating device (e.g., a separating funnel). The organic phase is the purified pyrolysis oil.

[0085] In some specific implementations, an oil tank may be provided between the condenser 102 and the extraction device 105 to facilitate the timely removal of the pyrolysis oil formed in the condenser.

[0086] In some specific implementation schemes, the process of purifying and removing hydrogen sulfide by the gas purification device 104 is as follows: hydrogen sulfide is removed by reacting ferric oxide with hydrogen sulfide to prevent corrosion of the equipment.

[0087] In some other embodiments, the gas purification device 104 performs the purification and removal of nitrogen oxides by using an SCR denitrification device and reducing nitrogen oxides with urea.

[0088] In some other embodiments, the gas purification device 104 performs VOCs purification and impurity removal by condensation.

[0089] See Figure 1 After purification and impurity removal, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil further enter the hydrogenation reactor 301. With the addition of a certain amount of hydrogen, the purified pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil undergo a hydrogenation reaction with hydrogen in the hydrogenation reactor 301, converting into heavy hydrocarbon products. Because the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil have undergone purification and impurity removal treatment before entering the hydrogenation reactor 301, the heavy hydrocarbon products obtained from the hydrogenation reaction mainly include C8-C16 hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons with more than C16 hydrocarbons. The heavy hydrocarbon products undergo distillation separation in the distillation unit 401 to separate the C8-C16 hydrocarbons. The C8-C16 hydrocarbons can then be used as a component of sustainable aviation kerosene.

[0090] In some embodiments, the system further includes a PEM electrolysis device 201 connected to the hydrogenation reaction device 301, the PEM electrolysis device 201 being configured to electrolyze water to obtain hydrogen and to provide the hydrogen required for the reaction in the hydrogenation reaction device 301.

[0091] See Figure 1 In the system provided by the present invention, the hydrogen required for the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reaction device 301 comes from the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis of water in the PEM electrolysis device 201. That is, in order to provide hydrogen to the hydrogenation reaction device 301, the system provided by the present invention further integrates the PEM electrolysis device 201.

[0092] In some specific implementations, the energy storage device 501 is electrically connected to the PEM electrolysis device 201 to provide electrical energy for the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, which further improves the utilization rate of renewable energy and reduces the cost of converting urban solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components.

[0093] It should be noted that, Figure 1 The dashed line between the energy storage device 501 and the PEM electrolysis device 201 indicates the energy flow between them, meaning there is a circuit control path, indicating that the energy storage device 501 supplies energy to the PEM electrolysis device 201.

[0094] In some embodiments, the system further includes a control device 601, which is connected to the pyrolysis unit 101, the solid waste treatment unit 103, the hydrogenation reactor 301, and the energy storage device 501, respectively; the control device 601 is configured to regulate the energy storage device 501 to distribute the required energy to the pyrolysis unit 101, the solid waste treatment unit 103, and the hydrogenation reactor 301; see also Figure 1 The control device 601 is connected to the energy storage device 501. The control device 601 can adjust the energy storage device 501 to distribute the required electrical energy to the cracking unit 101, the solid waste treatment unit 103, and the hydrogenation reaction unit 301 according to specific needs. The setting of the control device 601 further strengthens the integration relationship between various devices in the system and improves the effective utilization of electrical energy in the energy storage device 501.

[0095] In some embodiments, the control device 601 is also configured to regulate the temperature and pressure of the pyrolysis unit 101 to meet the conditions required for the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction; and the control device 601 is also configured to regulate the temperature and pressure of the hydrogenation reactor 301 to meet the conditions required for the hydrogenation reaction. That is, the reaction conditions for the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis unit 101 are regulated by the control device 601, and the reaction conditions for the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor 301 are also regulated by the control device 601. This helps to coordinately regulate the overall process of municipal solid waste conversion.

[0096] In some embodiments, the system further includes a pretreatment device 701 connected to the pyrolysis device 101. The pretreatment device 701 is configured to clean, dry, and granulate the municipal solid waste to obtain block-shaped municipal solid waste, and then send the block-shaped municipal solid waste into the pyrolysis device 101 for high-temperature pyrolysis.

[0097] See Figure 1 The municipal solid waste is first cleaned, dried, and granulated in the pretreatment unit 701. The resulting blocky municipal solid waste is then fed into the pyrolysis unit 101 for pyrolysis reaction. The blocky municipal solid waste obtained after pretreatment has a larger specific surface area, which can effectively increase the contact area with the catalyst bed, enhance the catalyst's effect, and accelerate the pyrolysis reaction process.

[0098] Secondly, the present invention provides a process for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components, the process being carried out in the system described in the first aspect above. Specifically, the process includes:

[0099] A pyrolysis catalyst is loaded into the pyrolysis unit, and municipal solid waste is fed into the pyrolysis unit. The municipal solid waste undergoes a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction under the action of the pyrolysis catalyst to obtain pyrolysis products and residues.

[0100] The pyrolysis products enter the condensation device and condense at low temperature to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil;

[0101] The residue is fed into a solid waste treatment device for separation and treatment to obtain carbon materials;

[0102] The pyrolysis gas enters a gas purification device to remove impurities including hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and VOCs, resulting in purified pyrolysis gas; the pyrolysis oil is passed into an extraction device to remove impurities including water and solid particles, resulting in purified pyrolysis oil.

[0103] A bifunctional microsphere catalyst is packed into a hydrogenation reactor. The purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis oil, the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas, and hydrogen are introduced into the hydrogenation reactor to carry out a hydrogenation reaction and obtain heavy hydrocarbon products.

[0104] The heavy hydrocarbon products are passed into a distillation unit for distillation separation to separate C8-C16 hydrocarbons.

[0105] The urban solid waste includes one or more of waste plastics, waste paper, and medical waste.

[0106] In some implementation schemes, the municipal solid waste is waste plastic.

[0107] In some embodiments, the municipal solid waste is block-shaped municipal solid waste, which is obtained by washing, drying and granulating the municipal solid waste in a pretreatment device. The major diameter of the block-shaped municipal solid waste is no more than 50 mm (preferably 1-20 mm), and the moisture content is less than 10 wt% (preferably less than 5 wt%).

[0108] It should be noted that the temperature and pressure required for both the high-temperature cracking reaction and the hydrogenation reaction are controlled by a control device.

[0109] In some embodiments, the cracking catalyst in the cracking device is an H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst.

[0110] In some embodiments, the temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis apparatus is 450~550°C, preferably 450~500°C.

[0111] In some embodiments, the pressure of the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis apparatus is atmospheric pressure.

[0112] In some embodiments, the temperature of the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor is 350~450°C, preferably 350~400°C.

[0113] In some embodiments, the pressure of the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor is 2 to 4 MPa, preferably 2.5 to 3.5 MPa.

[0114] In this invention, the bifunctional microsphere catalyst in the hydrogenation reaction device is the bifunctional microsphere catalyst disclosed in CN117019210A. All bifunctional microsphere catalysts disclosed in CN117019210A are applicable to the hydrogenation reaction of this invention. The entire contents of CN117019210A are hereby cited.

[0115] In some embodiments, the low temperature in the condensation device refers to 20~40°C, preferably 25~30°C.

[0116] In some embodiments, the purified pyrolysis gas includes syngas. In some specific embodiments, the main component of the purified pyrolysis gas is syngas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen), specifically, the purity of the syngas in the purified pyrolysis gas is above 95%.

[0117] In some specific implementations, the purification and impurity removal process of the pyrolysis gas by the gas purification device 104 includes the following steps:

[0118] S1: The pyrolysis gas enters the pyrolysis gas pretreatment unit (including condenser, cyclone separator, electrostatic precipitator or bag filter) to cool and remove particulate matter and tar.

[0119] S2: Enters the desulfurization unit (including dry desulfurization tower, 100℃ to 300℃) to remove hydrogen sulfide;

[0120] S3: Enters the denitrification unit (including a non-selective catalytic reduction (NSCR) reactor, 500°C to 800°C) to remove nitrogen oxides;

[0121] S4: Enters the VOCs removal unit (including the activated carbon adsorption tower) to remove VOCs;

[0122] S5: The gas enters the syngas purification unit (including a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) device, 5 bar to 10 bar) to remove residual impurity gases, which contain CO2 and CH4, to obtain the purified pyrolysis gas.

[0123] In some embodiments, the purified pyrolysis oil includes hydrocarbon compounds (including alkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons), alcohols, aldehydes, and acidic organic compounds.

[0124] In some specific implementations, the purification and impurity removal process of the pyrolysis oil by the extraction device 105 includes the following steps:

[0125] S1': The pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit, where large particulate solids are removed by means of a filter or centrifuge;

[0126] S2': Enter the extraction and separation unit, using toluene or xylene as the extractant, mix the pretreated pyrolysis oil with the extractant, stir thoroughly, let it stand to separate into layers, and separate to obtain an organic phase and an aqueous phase. Remove the aqueous phase, and the resulting organic phase is the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis oil.

[0127] In some specific implementations, the volume ratio of the pretreated pyrolysis oil to the extractant is 5:1 to 3:1.

[0128] In some specific implementation schemes, the purified pyrolysis gas (including syngas) and the purified pyrolysis oil are all fed into the hydrogenation reactor 301. Hydrogen from the PEM electrolysis unit 201 is also fed into the hydrogenation reactor 301. By adjusting the amount of hydrogen fed from the PEM electrolysis unit 201 into the hydrogenation reactor 301, the volume ratio of CO to H2 in the hydrogenation reactor 301 is made to be 1:2.

[0129] In some specific implementations, the heavy hydrocarbon products are distilled in the distillation apparatus to separate C8-C16 hydrocarbons at a temperature range of 200-300°C and a pressure of atmospheric pressure.

[0130] In specific implementation, this invention utilizes the system provided in the first aspect above. Urban solid waste is first subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis in a pyrolysis unit 101 filled with a catalyst (such as H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst) to obtain pyrolysis products and residues, thereby improving pyrolysis efficiency and product (pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil) yield. The pyrolysis products are condensed by a condenser to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis gas is further purified by a gas purification device to obtain a mixed gas mainly composed of syngas. The pyrolysis oil is further processed by an extraction device to remove insoluble impurities, water, and solid particulate matter, ensuring the purity of the obtained pyrolysis products (pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil), providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent hydrogenation reactions and improving subsequent reaction efficiency. Furthermore, the purified pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas undergo hydrogenation under controlled conditions in a hydrogenation reactor (e.g., controlling the temperature of the hydrogenation reactor to 350~450℃ and the pressure to 2~4...). The system generates high-quality heavy hydrocarbon products (MPa), increasing the yield of C8-C16 hydrocarbons; the distillation unit efficiently separates C8-C16 hydrocarbons, meeting the quality requirements of sustainable aviation kerosene components; in addition, the energy storage device can simultaneously provide power to the cracking unit and the hydrogenation reactor, reducing dependence on the external power grid and improving the system's energy utilization efficiency.

[0131] Example

[0132] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this invention are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by anyone under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0133] Specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the embodiments; they can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the prior art. Reagents and other instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available conventional reagent products. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative diagrams of the embodiments of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. Some block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities.

[0134] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the present invention, the following embodiments will be used to provide a detailed description of a system and process for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components.

[0135] The following examples use Figure 1 The system diagram shown illustrates how a synthetic system converts municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components.

[0136] Example 1

[0137] See Figure 1 The schematic diagram shown illustrates that the system used in this embodiment for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components includes: a pretreatment device 701, a pyrolysis device 101, a condensation device 102, a solid waste treatment device 103, a gas purification device 104, an extraction device 105, a PEM electrolysis device 201, a hydrogenation reaction device 301, a distillation device 401, an energy storage device 501, and a control device 601.

[0138] The energy stored in the energy storage device 501 comes from green electricity generated by wind, solar, and hydropower. The energy storage device 501 provides the necessary electrical and thermal energy to the pyrolysis unit 101, solid waste treatment unit 103, PEM electrolysis unit 201, and hydrogenation reactor 301. The control device 601 regulates the distribution of the necessary electrical and thermal energy from the energy storage device 501 to the pyrolysis unit 101, solid waste treatment unit 103, PEM electrolysis unit 201, and hydrogenation reactor 301. At the same time, it also regulates the device temperature and device pressure of the pyrolysis unit 101 and hydrogenation reactor 301.

[0139] Specifically, the process steps for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components provided in this embodiment are as follows:

[0140] In the pretreatment unit 701, 100 kg of waste plastic (mainly composed of polyolefins and engineering plastics) is washed, dried and granulated to form block granular material with a length diameter of 4-8 mm and a water content of 2 wt%.

[0141] The temperature in the cracking unit 101 is adjusted to 450°C and the pressure is at atmospheric pressure. The blocky material in the pretreatment unit 701 is fed into the cracking unit 101 filled with H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst by a conveyor belt to carry out high-temperature cracking reaction and obtain cracking products and residues.

[0142] The pyrolysis products are fed into the condenser 102 and condensed under the low temperature (20°C) of the condenser to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil.

[0143] The residue is passed into the solid waste treatment device 103 for screening to separate the carbon ash from the residue and obtain carbon ash.

[0144] The pyrolysis gas is fed into a gas purification device 104, which includes a pyrolysis gas pretreatment unit, a desulfurization unit, a denitrification unit, a VOCs removal unit, and a syngas refining unit. First, the pyrolysis gas enters the pretreatment unit, where it is cooled and particulate matter and tar are removed (using a condenser, cyclone separator, and bag filter). Then, it passes through a desulfurization unit (dry desulfurization tower, 150°C) to remove hydrogen sulfide. Next, it passes through a denitrification unit (non-selective catalytic reduction (NSCR) reactor, 800°C) to remove nitrogen oxides. Finally, it passes through a VOCs removal unit (activated carbon adsorption tower) to adsorb VOCs. Finally, it passes through a syngas refining unit (pressure swing adsorption (PSA) device, 8 bar) to remove residual impurities (including CO2 and CH4), further purifying the syngas to obtain purified pyrolysis gas, a mixture mainly composed of CO and H2 (chromatographic purity of 95% by volume).

[0145] The pyrolysis oil is fed into the extraction device 105, which includes a pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit and an extraction and separation unit. First, the pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit, where large particulate solids are removed using a filter. Then, it enters the extraction and separation unit, where xylene is used as the extractant. The pretreated pyrolysis oil and extractant are mixed at a volume ratio of 5:1, thoroughly stirred, and allowed to settle and separate into layers. The organic phase and aqueous phase are then separated, and the aqueous phase is removed. The organic phase is the purified pyrolysis oil, mainly composed of hydrocarbons (including alkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons), alcohols, aldehydes, and acids. The hydrocarbons are predominantly C5-C20 straight-chain / branched alkanes, including n-pentane, isooctane, n-dodecane, and isohexadecane, which are the main sources of calorific value in the oil phase. Among these, C9-C16 medium-carbon alkanes account for the highest proportion (40-65 wt%). The aromatic hydrocarbon components are mainly monocyclic aromatics (including benzene, toluene, and xylene BTX), and also contain small amounts of polycyclic aromatics (including naphthalene and phenanthrene) (5-15 wt%).

[0146] Hydrogen is produced by electrolyzing water in PEM electrolysis unit 201;

[0147] The hydrogenation reactor is filled with a bifunctional microsphere catalyst, which is the bifunctional microsphere catalyst prepared in Example 1 of CN117019210A. The temperature of the hydrogenation treatment unit 301 is controlled at 350°C and the pressure is 3 MPa. The purified pyrolysis oil, the purified pyrolysis gas, and hydrogen are introduced into the hydrogenation treatment unit 301. By adjusting the amount of hydrogen introduced into the hydrogenation reactor 301 from the PEM electrolysis unit 201, the volume ratio of CO:H2 in the hydrogenation reactor 301 is 1:2 to carry out the hydrogenation reaction and obtain 50 kg of heavy hydrocarbon product.

[0148] The obtained heavy hydrocarbon product is fed into a distillation unit 401 for distillation separation. 45 kg of C8-C16 hydrocarbons are separated at 200-300℃ and atmospheric pressure. The yield of C8-C16 hydrocarbons is 45%, and the main components are: 15 wt% of C8-C16 aromatics and 85 wt% of C8-C16 alkanes.

[0149] Comparative Example 1

[0150] The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that Comparative Example 1 does not include the gas purification device 104, and the process steps for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components do not include the step of purifying and removing impurities from the pyrolysis gas.

[0151] The results showed that the bifunctional microsphere catalyst in the hydrogenation reactor 301 was poisoned, and the hydrogenation reaction conversion rate was basically 0.

[0152] It should be noted that although the technical solution of the present invention has been described with specific examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention should not be limited thereto.

[0153] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A system for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components, characterized in that, The system includes: a pyrolysis unit 101, a condensation unit 102, a solid waste treatment unit 103, a gas purification unit 104, an extraction unit 105, a hydrogenation reaction unit 301, and a distillation unit 401. The pyrolysis device 101 is connected to the condensation device 102 and the solid waste treatment device 103 respectively. The pyrolysis device 101 is configured to carry out a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction of the municipal solid waste to obtain pyrolysis products and residues. The condensation device 102 is configured to receive the pyrolysis products and cool them to obtain pyrolysis oil and non-condensable pyrolysis gas. The solid waste treatment device 103 is configured to receive the residues and separate them to obtain carbon materials. Both the gas purification device 104 and the extraction device 105 are connected to the condensation device 102. The gas purification device 104 is configured to receive the pyrolysis gas and purify and remove impurities from the pyrolysis gas; the extraction device 105 is configured to receive the pyrolysis oil and purify and remove impurities from the pyrolysis oil. The gas purification device 104 and the extraction device 105 are both connected to the hydrogenation reaction device 301. The hydrogenation reaction device 301 is configured to receive the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil, and to introduce hydrogen gas to carry out a hydrogenation reaction to obtain heavy hydrocarbon products. The distillation apparatus 401 is connected to the hydrogenation reaction apparatus 301. The distillation apparatus 401 is configured to receive the heavy hydrocarbon product and perform distillation separation on the heavy hydrocarbon product to separate C8~C16 hydrocarbons. The urban solid waste includes one or more of waste plastics, waste paper, and medical waste.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas purification device 104 includes a pyrolysis gas pretreatment unit, a desulfurization unit, a denitrification unit, a VOCs removal unit, and a syngas refining unit. The extraction device 105 includes a pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit and an extraction separation unit.

3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The system also includes a PEM electrolysis device 201, which is connected to the hydrogenation reaction device 301. The PEM electrolysis device 201 is configured to electrolyze water to obtain hydrogen and to provide the hydrogen required for the reaction of the hydrogenation reaction device 301.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The system also includes an energy storage device 501, which is connected to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103, the PEM electrolysis device 201, and the hydrogenation reaction device 301, respectively. The energy storage device 501 is configured to provide the required energy to the pyrolysis device 101, the solid waste treatment device 103, the PEM electrolysis device 201, and the hydrogenation reaction device 301. Preferably, the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 501 comes from any one of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, and thermal power generation.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The system also includes a control device 601, which is connected to the pyrolysis unit 101, the solid waste treatment unit 103, the hydrogenation reaction unit 301 and the energy storage unit 501 respectively. The control device 601 is configured to regulate the energy storage unit 501 to distribute the required energy to the pyrolysis unit 101, the solid waste treatment unit 103 and the hydrogenation reaction unit 301. Preferably, the control device 601 is further configured to regulate the device temperature and device pressure of the pyrolysis device 101 to meet the conditions required for the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction; The control device 601 is also configured to regulate the device temperature and device pressure of the hydrogenation reaction device 301 to meet the conditions required for the hydrogenation reaction.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The system also includes a pretreatment device 701, which is connected to the pyrolysis device 101. The pretreatment device 701 is configured to clean, dry and granulate the municipal solid waste to obtain block municipal solid waste, and then send the block municipal solid waste into the pyrolysis device 101 for high-temperature pyrolysis.

7. A process for converting municipal solid waste into sustainable aviation kerosene components, characterized in that, The process is carried out in the system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the process includes the following steps: A pyrolysis catalyst is loaded into the pyrolysis unit, and municipal solid waste is fed into the pyrolysis unit. The municipal solid waste undergoes a high-temperature pyrolysis reaction under the action of the pyrolysis catalyst to obtain pyrolysis products and residues. The pyrolysis products enter the condensation device and condense at low temperature to form pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil; The residue is fed into a solid waste treatment device for separation and treatment to obtain carbon materials; The pyrolysis gas enters a gas purification device to remove impurities including hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and VOCs, resulting in purified pyrolysis gas; the pyrolysis oil is passed into an extraction device to remove impurities including water and solid particles, resulting in purified pyrolysis oil. A bifunctional microsphere catalyst is packed into a hydrogenation reactor. The purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis oil, the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas, and hydrogen are introduced into the hydrogenation reactor to carry out a hydrogenation reaction and obtain heavy hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon products are passed into a distillation unit for distillation separation to separate C8-C16 hydrocarbons. The urban solid waste includes one or more of waste plastics, waste paper, and medical waste.

8. The process according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The pyrolysis catalyst in the pyrolysis unit is an H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst. The temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis device is 450~550℃; The pressure of the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis device is atmospheric pressure. The temperature of the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor is 350~450℃; The pressure of the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor is 2~4 MPa.

9. The process according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis gas includes syngas; The purified pyrolysis oil includes hydrocarbon compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, and acidic organic compounds, including alkanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

10. The process according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The purification and impurity removal process of the pyrolysis gas by the gas purification device 104 includes the following steps: S1: The pyrolysis gas enters the pyrolysis gas pretreatment unit, where it is cooled and particulate matter and tar are removed; S2: Enters the desulfurization unit to remove hydrogen sulfide; S3: Enters the denitrification unit to remove nitrogen oxides; S4: Enter the VOCs removal unit to remove VOCs; S5: Enter the syngas refining unit to remove residual impurity gases, which contain CO2 and CH4, to obtain the purified pyrolysis gas; The purification and impurity removal process of the pyrolysis oil by the extraction device 105 includes the following steps: S1': The pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil pretreatment unit, where large particulate solids are removed by means of a filter or centrifuge; S2': Enter the extraction and separation unit, using toluene or xylene as the extractant, mix the pretreated pyrolysis oil with the extractant, stir thoroughly, let it stand to separate into layers, separate to obtain an organic phase and an aqueous phase, remove the aqueous phase, and the obtained organic phase is the purified and impurity-removed pyrolysis oil.

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