Organic fertilizer composition taking fermented sludge as matrix and processing technology of organic fertilizer composition

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer composition taking fermented sludge as a matrix. The organic fertilizer composition is prepared from a sludge matrix, a structural auxiliary material and a functional biological agent, wherein the weight ratio of each component is as follows: 45-100 parts of the decomposed sludge, 15-50 parts of the structural auxiliary material and 0.1-2.0 parts of the functional biological agent; the water content of the sludge matrix is lower than 30%, the sludge matrix is sludge subjected to harmless fermentation treatment, and the functional biological agent comprises nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilizing, potassium solubilizing and microbial flora; the structural auxiliary material is a mixture of agricultural organic waste and an inorganic mineral conditioner. Compared with the prior art, the organic fertilizer composition with the fermented sludge as the matrix and the processing technology of the organic fertilizer composition have the advantages that the harmless degree is high, the physical property is excellent, functional viable bacteria are rich, and efficient resource utilization of the sludge is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer technology, specifically to an organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge and its processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of sewage treatment rate, the amount of sludge produced by urban sewage treatment plants has increased dramatically. Sludge contains a large amount of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other plant nutrients, but also contains harmful substances such as pathogens, parasite eggs, heavy metals and non-degradable organic matter.

[0003] Improper handling will not only waste resources, but also pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health.

[0004] Currently, land use of sludge (such as making organic fertilizer) is one of the main ways to utilize resources.

[0005] However, existing sludge organic fertilizer production technologies have the following problems: incomplete composting, poor physical properties, limited nutrient release, and the risk of secondary pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and provide an organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge and its processing technology, which has a high degree of harmlessness, excellent physical properties, and is rich in functional live bacteria, and realizes the efficient resource utilization of sludge.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: an organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge, comprising sludge substrate, structural auxiliary materials and functional biological agents;

[0008] The weight ratio of each component is as follows: 45-100 parts of composted sludge, 15-50 parts of structural auxiliary materials, and 0.1-2.0 parts of functional biological agent;

[0009] The sludge substrate has a moisture content of less than 30%, and the sludge substrate is sludge that has undergone harmless fermentation treatment. The functional biological agents include nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, and microbial flora.

[0010] The structural additive is a mixture of agricultural organic waste and inorganic mineral conditioner.

[0011] Preferably, the agricultural organic waste includes one or more of the following: straw, oilseed cake, sawdust, and mushroom residue;

[0012] The agricultural organic waste is crushed and then mixed with fermented sludge.

[0013] Preferably, the sludge substrate comprises a product that has undergone one high-temperature fermentation, two aging and composting processes, and fine screening.

[0014] During the first high-temperature fermentation stage, the temperature of the pile rapidly rises to the high-temperature range through the combined effect of forced ventilation and mechanical turning.

[0015] Preferably, the microbial flora includes at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, or Trichoderma harzianum, with an effective viable count ≥ 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a processing technology for an organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge, comprising the following steps: S1: mixing dewatered sludge with pulverized agricultural organic waste in a weight ratio, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to 25:1-30:1, and the moisture content to 55%-65%;

[0017] S2: The mixture obtained in S1 is piled up and aerobic fermentation is carried out by combining forced ventilation with mechanical turning. The temperature of the pile is controlled in the range of 55℃-65℃ for 7-15 days.

[0018] S3: Transfer the material after primary fermentation to the aging area and let it stand and decompose for 15-30 days under natural ventilation conditions, turning the pile regularly during the period until the pile temperature drops to the ambient temperature and stabilizes.

[0019] S4: Finely screen the aged and decomposed material to remove impurities and obtain sludge matrix. Add inorganic mineral conditioner to the sludge matrix and mix evenly.

[0020] S5: When the temperature of the material obtained in S4 drops below 40℃, add functional biological agents, mix evenly, and then granulate it through a granulation machine. After low-temperature drying, the finished product is obtained.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, when the temperature at the center of the pile exceeds 65°C, the frequency of turning and throwing is increased to 2-3 times per day, and the maximum temperature is limited to less than 70°C.

[0022] Preferably, the forced ventilation in S2 adopts an intermittent blower mode to control the oxygen content of the reactor to be greater than 10%.

[0023] Preferably, the particle size of the crushed agricultural organic waste in S1 is 0.5-5mm.

[0024] Preferably, in step S4, the fine screening uses a 10-20 mesh screen to remove stones, uncomposted impurities and plastic fragments. The inorganic mineral conditioner is one or two of zeolite powder and bentonite, and the amount added is 10%-25% of the weight of the sludge substrate.

[0025] Preferably, the functional biological agent is treated with an encapsulation technique and then uniformly loaded onto the particle surface by low-temperature spraying.

[0026] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0027] In this invention, a two-stage fermentation process of high-temperature fermentation + secondary aging is used, combined with forced ventilation and precise temperature control to thoroughly kill pathogens, parasite eggs and weed seeds, resulting in a safe and stable product.

[0028] This invention introduces agricultural waste such as straw and sawdust as structural additives, and combines them with inorganic mineral conditioners such as zeolite and bentonite to significantly improve the porosity, bulk density and water and fertilizer retention performance of fertilizers, and prevent soil compaction.

[0029] This invention enables the co-processing of urban sludge and agricultural waste, turning waste into treasure, which meets the development needs of circular economy and green agriculture and is easy to promote and use. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing technology of organic fertilizer composition. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, an organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge comprises a sludge substrate, structural additives, and functional biological agents; wherein the weight ratio of each component is: 45-100 parts of matured sludge, 15-50 parts of structural additives, and 0.1-2.0 parts of functional biological agents; the sludge substrate has a moisture content of less than 30%, and the sludge substrate is sludge that has undergone harmless fermentation treatment; the functional biological agents include nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, and microbial communities; the structural additives are a mixture of agricultural organic waste and inorganic mineral conditioners.

[0033] The agricultural organic waste includes one or more of straw, oilseed cake, sawdust, and mushroom residue; the agricultural organic waste is crushed and then mixed with fermented sludge, and the sludge substrate includes one high-temperature fermentation, two aging and maturation and fine screening; in the first high-temperature fermentation stage, the temperature of the pile is rapidly raised to the high-temperature range through the combined effect of forced ventilation and mechanical turning.

[0034] The microbial flora includes at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, or Trichoderma harzianum, with an effective viable count ≥ 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0035] In specific implementation, this invention includes the following steps:

[0036] S1: Mix dewatered sludge with crushed agricultural organic waste by weight, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to 25:1-30:1, and the moisture content to 55%-65%;

[0037] S2: The mixture obtained in S1 is piled up and aerobic fermentation is carried out by combining forced ventilation with mechanical turning. The temperature of the pile is controlled in the range of 55℃-65℃ for 7-15 days.

[0038] S3: Transfer the material after primary fermentation to the aging area and let it stand and decompose for 15-30 days under natural ventilation conditions, turning the pile regularly during the period until the pile temperature drops to the ambient temperature and stabilizes.

[0039] S4: Finely screen the aged and decomposed material to remove impurities and obtain sludge matrix. Add inorganic mineral conditioner to the sludge matrix and mix evenly.

[0040] S5: When the temperature of the material obtained in S4 drops below 40℃, add functional biological agents, mix evenly, and then granulate it through a granulation machine. After low-temperature drying, the finished product is obtained.

[0041] In this invention, when the temperature at the center of the pile exceeds 65°C in S2, the frequency of turning and throwing is increased to 2-3 times per day, the maximum temperature is limited to less than 70°C, forced ventilation adopts an intermittent blowing mode, and the oxygen content of the pile is controlled to be greater than 10%.

[0042] In S1, the particle size of the crushed agricultural organic waste is 0.5-5mm. In S4, fine screening is carried out using a 10-20 mesh screen to remove stones, uncomposted impurities and plastic fragments. The inorganic mineral conditioner is one or two of zeolite powder and bentonite, and the amount added is 10%-25% of the weight of the sludge substrate.

[0043] The functional biological agent is treated with encapsulation technology and then uniformly loaded onto the particle surface through low-temperature spraying.

[0044] In one embodiment:

[0045] An organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge is made from the following components: 60 parts of matured sludge, 35 parts of structural additives including 25 parts of crushed corn stalks, 10 parts of oilseed cake, 10 parts of inorganic mineral conditioner, and 1.0 part of functional biological agent; wherein the functional biological agent is a 1:1 mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, with an effective viable count of 5.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0046] During processing:

[0047] S1: Mix dewatered sludge with a moisture content of 80% with corn stalks and oilseed cake crushed to 2mm, calculate the ratio so that the C / N ratio of the mixture is 28:1, and adjust the moisture content to 60%;

[0048] S2: The material is piled into windrows and fermented using a trough-type turner in conjunction with a bottom forced ventilation system, maintaining the temperature at 55-65℃ for 10 days. When the temperature at the center of the pile reaches 66℃, the high-frequency turning mode is automatically activated 3 times a day, and the ventilation is increased to ensure that the temperature does not exceed 68℃ and the oxygen content is maintained at around 12%.

[0049] S3: After the first fermentation is completed, the material is transferred to the aging workshop and statically piled up for aging for 20 days. During this period, the pile is turned over every 5 days until the temperature drops to room temperature and no longer rises.

[0050] S4: Use a 15-mesh sieve to screen the aged material and remove impurities. Add 15% by weight of zeolite powder to the screened sludge matrix and mix thoroughly.

[0051] S5: The material temperature is detected at 35℃. The functional biological agent, which has undergone microencapsulation treatment, is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the material using a low-pressure spray gun. After being mixed evenly, it enters a disc granulator for granulation. The granules enter a low-temperature drying chamber, where the inlet air temperature is controlled at 55℃, and dried until the moisture content is <25%. The finished product is then packaged.

[0052] In one embodiment:

[0053] An organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge is made from the following components: 45 parts of decomposed sludge, 50 parts of structural additives, inorganic mineral conditioner, 25 parts of bentonite, and 0.5 parts of functional biological agent.

[0054] Among them, the functional biological agent is a compound agent of Bacillus jellyoidus and Trichoderma harzianum, with an effective viable count of 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g;

[0055] S1: Agricultural waste is crushed with a particle size controlled at 0.5-1mm, a C / N ratio adjusted to 25:1, and a moisture content of 65%;

[0056] S2: The high-temperature fermentation period is maintained for 15 days, and the upper limit of the temperature is strictly controlled at 65℃. If the temperature is exceeded, the mixture must be turned over immediately.

[0057] S4: The screening process uses a 10-mesh sieve, and the amount of bentonite added is 25% to enhance the improvement effect on acidic soil.

[0058] S5: The microbial agent uses sodium alginate encapsulation technology. The material temperature is controlled at 38℃ during spraying. After granulation, it is mainly air-dried, supplemented by low-temperature hot air drying at 45℃.

[0059] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0060] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0061] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer composition using fermented sludge as a substrate, characterized in that: It consists of sludge substrate, structural additives, and functional biological agents; The weight ratio of each component is as follows: 45-100 parts of composted sludge, 15-50 parts of structural auxiliary materials, and 0.1-2.0 parts of functional biological agent; The sludge substrate has a moisture content of less than 30%, and the sludge substrate is sludge that has undergone harmless fermentation treatment. The functional biological agents include nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, and microbial flora. The structural additive is a mixture of agricultural organic waste and inorganic mineral conditioner.

2. The organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge as a substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agricultural organic waste includes one or more of the following: straw, oilseed cake, sawdust, and mushroom residue; The agricultural organic waste is crushed and then mixed with fermented sludge.

3. The organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge substrate includes a process of one high-temperature fermentation, two aging and composting, and fine screening. During the first high-temperature fermentation stage, the temperature of the pile rapidly rises to the high-temperature range through the combined effect of forced ventilation and mechanical turning.

4. The organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial community includes at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, or Trichoderma harzianum, with an effective viable count ≥ 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

5. The processing method of an organic fertilizer composition based on fermented sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Mix dewatered sludge with crushed agricultural organic waste by weight, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to 25:1-30:1, and the moisture content to 55%-65%; S2: The mixture obtained in S1 is piled up and aerobic fermentation is carried out by combining forced ventilation with mechanical turning. The temperature of the pile is controlled in the range of 55℃-65℃ for 7-15 days. S3: Transfer the material after primary fermentation to the aging area and let it stand and decompose for 15-30 days under natural ventilation conditions, turning the pile regularly during the period until the pile temperature drops to the ambient temperature and stabilizes. S4: Finely screen the aged and decomposed material to remove impurities and obtain sludge matrix. Add inorganic mineral conditioner to the sludge matrix and mix evenly. S5: When the temperature of the material obtained in S4 drops below 40℃, add functional biological agents, mix evenly, and then granulate it through a granulation machine. After low-temperature drying, the finished product is obtained.

6. The processing technology of the organic fertilizer composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S2, when the temperature at the center of the pile exceeds 65°C, the frequency of turning and throwing is increased to 2-3 times per day, and the maximum temperature is limited to less than 70°C.

7. The processing technology of the organic fertilizer composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: The forced ventilation in S2 adopts an intermittent blower mode to control the oxygen content in the reactor to be greater than 10%.

8. The processing technology of the organic fertilizer composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size of the crushed agricultural organic waste in S1 is 0.5-5mm.

9. The processing technology of the organic fertilizer composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, fine screening uses a 10-20 mesh screen to remove stones, uncomposted impurities, and plastic debris. The inorganic mineral conditioner is one or two of zeolite powder and bentonite, and the amount added is 10%-25% of the weight of the sludge substrate.

10. The processing technology of the organic fertilizer composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: The functional biological agent is treated with an encapsulation technique and then uniformly loaded onto the particle surface through a low-temperature spraying method.

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