Spiral impeller type self-dredging anti-blocking slurry pump

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral impeller type self-dredging anti-blocking slurry pump, and belongs to the technical field of fluid conveying machinery, the spiral impeller type self-dredging anti-blocking slurry pump comprises a slurry pump body, a volute arranged on the slurry pump body and a spiral impeller rotationally mounted in the volute, a base is arranged at the bottom of the slurry pump body, and the feeding end of the volute is coaxially and fixedly communicated with a reducer pipe. The fixed rod is coaxially and fixedly connected to the front end of the spiral impeller, the movable cutter is arranged at the position, extending into the reducer pipe, of the end of the fixed rod, and the fixed cutter arranged on the inner wall of the reducer pipe is matched, so that a rotary cutting scattering structure completely and coaxially linked with the spiral impeller is formed, and the pump shaft synchronously drives the movable cutter to rotate while driving the impeller to convey slurry; and a continuous shearing pair is formed by the fixed cutter and the fixed cutter, so that high-concentration slurry in the reducer pipe can be continuously and forcibly disturbed and scattered, long fibers in the slurry can be cut into short fibers in advance, and long-term stable operation of the slurry pump is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a slurry pump, and more particularly to a spiral impeller type self-draining and anti-clogging slurry pump, belonging to the field of fluid transport machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial fields such as papermaking and pulping, municipal sludge treatment, kitchen waste treatment, mine tailings transportation, and chemical slurry production, slurry pumps are the core equipment for pipeline transportation of slurries containing solids and fibers. Among them, spiral impeller slurry pumps, with their wide flow channel and low shear structure, have better solid media throughput than ordinary closed centrifugal pumps and have become the mainstream choice for high-concentration slurry transportation scenarios.

[0003] However, in actual long-term operation, the feed end of the existing slurry pump usually needs to be connected to the upstream silo or conveying pipeline through a variable diameter pipeline. The variable diameter section has a sudden change in the flow channel cross section, which leads to uneven distribution of the slurry flow field and is very easy to cause slurry accumulation and bridging problems. In addition, if the slurry contains long fiber raw materials, they are very easy to get caught on the cutting edge of the impeller and the hub transition during the suction process, eventually leading to blockage and shutdown.

[0004] To address this issue, a spiral impeller-type self-draining and anti-clogging slurry pump was designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a spiral impeller-type self-draining and anti-clogging slurry pump, which solves the problems of slurry accumulation and bridging in the pump inlet variable diameter section and the accumulation of long fibers entangled at the leading edge of the spiral impeller.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution: A spiral impeller type self-draining and anti-clogging slurry pump includes a slurry pump body, a volute set on the slurry pump body, a spiral impeller rotatably installed inside the volute, a base provided at the bottom of the slurry pump body, and a variable diameter pipe coaxially and fixedly connected to the feed end of the volute. A fixed rod is coaxially fixed to the leading edge of the feed end of the spiral impeller. The fixed rod extends along the axial direction of the reducing tube into the inner cavity of the reducing tube. At least one set of moving blades is provided at the end of the fixed rod away from the spiral impeller. The inner wall of the reducing tube is equipped with a fixed blade that cooperates with the moving blade. When the moving blade rotates synchronously with the spiral impeller, it forms a shearing pair with the fixed blade to disperse the slurry and cut long fibers. A telescopic mechanism is provided between the end of the fixed rod and the moving blade, which is used to drive the moving blade to generate an avoidance displacement when the shear resistance is overloaded; A buffer mechanism is provided between the bottom of the fixed blade and the reducing tube to provide buffer protection during rotary cutting operations.

[0007] Preferably, the moving blade extends outward along the radial direction of the fixed rod, the fixed blade extends inward along the radial direction of the reducing tube, the rotation trajectory of the moving blade coincides with the installation position of the fixed blade in the axial direction, and a shearing gap is left between the moving blade and the fixed blade.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a fixed block, a groove, a rotating shaft, a cylindrical rod, a mounting slot, and a spring. The fixing block is fixed to the inner wall of the reducing pipe. The top of the fixing block has a groove. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the groove. A cylindrical rod is fixedly fitted on the outside of the rotating shaft. The cylindrical rod is rotatably installed in the groove through the rotating shaft. The bottom of the fixed knife is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylindrical rod. The cylindrical rod has mounting slots at both ends. A spring is sleeved on the end of the shaft, with the inner end of the spring engaged with the shaft and the outer end of the spring abutting against the inner wall of the mounting slot.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a slide groove, a slide rod, a fixed seat, a limit ring, a return spring, a spiral groove, a slider, and a positioning assembly; The end of the fixed rod away from the spiral impeller has a groove along the axial direction. The slide rod is slidably installed in the groove. The fixed seat is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod near the bottom of the groove. The end of the slide rod away from the fixed seat is provided with a positioning component. The moving blade is connected to the slide rod through the positioning component. A limiting ring is fitted on the outer wall of the slide rod and fixed on the inner wall of the slide groove. A return spring is fitted on the outer side of the slide rod, with one end of the return spring abutting against the limiting ring and the other end of the return spring abutting against the side of the fixed seat. The inner wall of the slide is provided with a spiral groove, and the outer wall of the fixed seat is fixed with a slider that slides in cooperation with the spiral groove.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning assembly includes a limiting block, a screw, a plug hole, and a positioning nut; The limiting block is fixed at the end of the slide rod away from the fixed rod. A screw is fixed to the side of the limiting block away from the slide rod. The moving knife has a plug hole that matches the limiting block. The positioning nut is threadedly connected to the extension end of the screw.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed rod and the spiral impeller are integrally formed, and the axis of the fixed rod is completely coincident with the axis of rotation of the spiral impeller.

[0012] Preferably, the reducing pipe is a straight pipe with different diameters. The large diameter end of the reducing pipe is fixedly connected to the feed inlet of the volute, and the small diameter end of the reducing pipe is the feed connection end. The fixed blade is located in the inner cavity of the large diameter section of the reducing pipe, and the rotation range of the moving blade covers the transition area between the large diameter section and the small diameter section of the reducing pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the slide rod is cylindrical, and the diameters at both ends of the slide rod are different. The diameter of the slide rod inside the groove is smaller than the diameter of the exposed end. In the initial state, the end face of the exposed end of the slide rod is in contact with the end of the fixed rod.

[0014] Preferably, the rotation direction of the moving blade is consistent with the rotation direction of the spiral impeller, the material-facing side of the moving blade is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface, and the material-receiving side of the moving blade is treated with rounded corners for a smooth transition.

[0015] Preferably, a reinforcing rib is provided between the outer side of the fixed blade and the cylindrical rod, and the reinforcing rib is far away from the material-facing side of the moving blade.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump. By coaxially fixing a rod to the front end of the spiral impeller and setting a moving blade at the end of the fixed rod extending into the variable diameter pipe, a rotary cutting and dispersing structure is formed in conjunction with a fixed blade set on the inner wall of the variable diameter pipe. The pump shaft drives the impeller to transport slurry while simultaneously driving the moving blade to rotate, forming a continuous shearing pair with the fixed blade. This not only continuously and forcibly disturbs and disperses the high-concentration slurry in the variable diameter pipe, avoiding material deposition caused by a sudden drop in flow rate, but also cuts long fibers in the slurry into short fibers in advance, preventing long fibers from getting caught and wrapped around the leading edge of the spiral impeller and the hub transition after entering the pump cavity with the slurry. This ensures the long-term stable operation of the slurry pump. At the same time, the rotary cutting mechanism shares the same drive source with the impeller, eliminating the need for additional independent drive and control equipment. The anti-clogging action and slurry transportation are completely synchronized and coordinated, making it more practical. By setting a buffer mechanism at the bottom of the fixed blade, consisting of a fixed block, groove, rotating shaft, cylindrical rod, mounting groove and spring, elastic buffer protection is provided for rotary cutting operations. When the moving blade and the fixed blade work together to cut fibers and hard particles, the spring can absorb the rigid impact load of the shearing moment through elastic deformation, which greatly reduces the wear rate of the blade while ensuring the cutting of long fibers and the dispersing of slurry. By incorporating a telescopic mechanism consisting of a slide groove, slide rod, fixed seat, limit ring, return spring, spiral groove, slider, limit block, screw, insertion hole, and positioning nut, the moving blade is provided with an automatic overload avoidance capability. When a hard foreign object that cannot be cut enters the shearing area of ​​the moving and fixed blades, the shearing resistance increases sharply. The telescopic mechanism can automatically drive the moving blade to generate an axial avoidance displacement without affecting the rotation of the spiral impeller, pushing the hard foreign object away from the shearing area. This prevents the rotary cutting mechanism from jamming due to the foreign object getting stuck between the moving and fixed blades. After the foreign object is discharged with the slurry, the return spring can drive the moving blade to automatically reset, quickly restoring normal rotary cutting and dispersing operations. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, significantly improving the continuous operation capability of the production line. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the end of the spiral impeller inside the housing of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the inside of the volute of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an internal cross-sectional view of the variable diameter pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the telescopic mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the buffer mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an internal sectional view of the fixing rod of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Slurry pump body; 101. Volute casing; 102. Spiral impeller; 2. Base; 3. Reducer; 4. Fixed blade; 5. Buffer mechanism; 501. Fixing block; 502. Groove; 503. Rotating shaft; 504. Cylindrical rod; 505. Mounting slot; 506. Spring-loaded mechanism; 6. Fixed rod; 7. Moving knife; 8. Telescopic mechanism; 801. Slide groove; 802. Slide rod; 803. Fixed base; 804. Limiting ring; 805. Return spring; 806. Spiral groove; 807. Slider; 808. Limiting block; 809. Screw; 810. Insertion hole; 811. Positioning nut. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Example

[0020] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a spiral impeller type self-draining anti-clogging slurry pump, including a slurry pump body 1, a volute 101 disposed on the slurry pump body 1, a spiral impeller 102 rotatably installed inside the volute 101, a base 2 provided at the bottom of the slurry pump body 1, and a reducer pipe 3 coaxially and fixedly connected to the feed end of the volute 101. The slurry enters the pump body flow channel from the feed end of the reducer pipe 3. The slurry pump body 1 drives the spiral impeller 102 inside the volute 101 to rotate. The blades of the spiral impeller 102 do work on the slurry to realize the pressurization of the slurry and pipeline transportation. A fixed rod 6 is coaxially fixed to the leading edge of the feed end of the spiral impeller 102. The fixed rod 6 extends along the axial direction of the variable diameter tube 3 into the inner cavity of the variable diameter tube 3. At least one set of moving blades 7 is provided at the end of the fixed rod 6 away from the spiral impeller 102. While the spiral impeller 102 rotates to convey slurry, the fixed rod 6, which is coaxially fixed to the leading edge of the feed end of the spiral impeller 102, rotates synchronously with the spiral impeller 102, thereby driving the moving blades 7 installed at the end of the fixed rod 6 to perform coaxial circumferential rotation in the inner cavity of the variable diameter tube 3. The inner wall of the reducing pipe 3 is equipped with a fixed blade 4 that cooperates with the moving blade 7. When the moving blade 7 rotates synchronously with the spiral impeller 102, it forms a shearing pair with the fixed blade 4 to disperse the slurry and cut long fibers. The rotating moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reducing pipe 3 form a continuous shearing pair. Before the slurry enters the volute 101 and contacts the spiral impeller 102, it completes the forced dispersion of the high-concentration agglomerated slurry and the continuous cutting of long fibers in the slurry. This solves the industry pain points of slurry accumulation and bridging at the abrupt change in the flow channel of the reducing pipe 3 and long fiber entanglement around the spiral impeller 102 from the source. A telescopic mechanism 8 is provided between the end of the fixed rod 6 and the moving blade 7. This mechanism is used to drive the moving blade 7 to generate an avoidance displacement when the shearing resistance is overloaded. When a hard foreign object that cannot be cut enters the shearing area of ​​the moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4, and the shearing resistance is overloaded, the telescopic mechanism 8 provided between the end of the fixed rod 6 and the moving blade 7 can drive the moving blade 7 to generate an axial avoidance displacement without affecting the normal rotation of the spiral impeller 102. This pushes the hard foreign object away from the shearing area, avoiding jamming of the rotary cutting mechanism and slurry pump shutdown caused by foreign object jamming. After the hard foreign object is discharged from the shearing area with the slurry flow, the telescopic mechanism 8 can drive the moving blade 7 to automatically reset, quickly restoring normal rotary cutting and dispersing operations. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, ensuring the continuous operation capability of the slurry conveying production line. A buffer mechanism 5 is provided between the bottom of the fixed blade 4 and the reducing tube 3 to provide buffer protection during the rotary cutting operation. During the rotary cutting operation, the buffer mechanism 5 provided between the bottom of the fixed blade 4 and the reducing tube 3 can absorb the rigid impact load generated by the shearing operation in real time, reduce the blade wear rate, and prevent the blade from breaking. Example

[0021] The solution in Example 1 will be further described below with reference to its specific working method. In this embodiment, the moving blade 7 extends outward along the radial direction of the fixed rod 6, and the fixed blade 4 extends inward along the radial direction of the variable diameter tube 3. Through the radially extended blade layout, the entire cross-section of the inner cavity of the variable diameter tube 3 is sheared and covered without shearing dead angles. The long fibers are cut off and the slurry is dispersed before the slurry enters the pump cavity, thus eliminating the faults of long fibers entangled in the spiral impeller 102 and material accumulation and blockage in the flow channel from the root. The rotation trajectory of the moving blade 7 coincides with the installation position of the fixed blade 4 in the axial direction, and a shearing gap is left between the moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4. By pre-setting the shearing gap, the shearing effect is guaranteed while avoiding direct contact and wear between the moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4, thus extending the tool life.

[0022] In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 5 includes a fixing block 501, a groove 502, a rotating shaft 503, a cylindrical rod 504, a mounting groove 505, and a spring 506; The fixing block 501 is fixed to the inner wall of the reducing pipe 3. The top of the fixing block 501 is provided with a groove 502. The rotating shaft 503 is rotatably installed inside the groove 502. A cylindrical rod 504 is fixedly fitted on the outside of the rotating shaft 503. The cylindrical rod 504 is rotatably installed in the groove 502 through the rotating shaft 503. The bottom of the fixed knife 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylindrical rod 504. The groove 502 provides installation and deflection space for the rotating shaft 503 and the cylindrical rod 504. The rotating shaft 503 provides rotational support for the cylindrical rod 504. The cylindrical rod 504 realizes the linkage between the fixed knife 4 and the buffer elastic element. The cylindrical rod 504 has mounting grooves 505 at both ends. The spring 506 is sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft 503. The inner end of the spring 506 is engaged with the rotating shaft 503, and the outer end of the spring 506 abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove 505.

[0023] When the moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4 work together to shear long fibers and hard particles, the rigid impact load generated at the moment of shearing will directly act on the fixed blade 4. The fixed blade 4 will transfer the impact load to the cylindrical rod 504 that is fixed to it, driving the cylindrical rod 504 to deflect slightly around the rotating shaft 503. During the deflection of the cylindrical rod 504, the spring spring 506 will be compressed through the mounting groove 505. The spring spring 506 will absorb the impact load through its own elastic deformation, thereby achieving buffer protection for the shearing operation. When the impact load disappears, the spring spring 506 will release its elastic potential energy, driving the cylindrical rod 504 to rotate in the opposite direction around the rotating shaft 503, causing the fixed blade 4 to automatically return to the initial working position, ensuring the stability of the gap in subsequent shearing operations.

[0024] In this embodiment, the telescopic mechanism 8 includes a slide groove 801, a slide rod 802, a fixed base 803, a limiting ring 804, a return spring 805, a spiral groove 806, a slider 807, and a positioning assembly; The end of the fixed rod 6 away from the spiral impeller 102 is provided with a sliding groove 801 along the axial direction. The sliding rod 802 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 801. The fixed seat 803 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod 802 near the bottom of the sliding groove 801. The end of the sliding rod 802 away from the fixed seat 803 is provided with a positioning component. The moving knife 7 is connected to the sliding rod 802 through the positioning component. A limiting ring 804 is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 802, and the limiting ring 804 is fixed on the inner wall of the slide groove 801. A return spring 805 is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod 802. One end of the return spring 805 abuts against the limiting ring 804, and the other end of the return spring 805 abuts against the side of the fixed seat 803. The inner wall of the slide groove 801 is provided with a spiral groove 806, and the outer wall of the fixed seat 803 is fixedly connected with a slider 807 that slides in cooperation with the spiral groove 806.

[0025] Under normal rotary cutting operation, the pre-tightening force of the return spring 805 drives the slide bar 802 to remain in the initial extended position. The slider 807 on the outer wall of the fixed seat 803 is engaged in the spiral groove 806, so that the slide bar 802 and the fixed rod 6 are circumferentially fixed. The moving blade 7 rotates synchronously with the fixed rod 6 to complete a stable shearing and disintegration operation. When a hard foreign object that cannot be cut enters between the moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4, and the shearing resistance increases sharply, causing an overload, the axial reaction force generated by the foreign object on the moving blade 7 is greater than the preload force of the return spring 805. At this time, the slider 807 on the outer wall of the fixed seat 803 slides along the spiral groove 806. Through the spiral guiding effect of the spiral groove 806, the fixed seat 803 and the slide rod 802 are driven to rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed rod 6. This does not affect the rotation of the fixed rod 6 with the spiral impeller 102. At the same time, the moving blade 7 and the slide rod 802 are pushed to slide linearly away from the fixed rod 6 along the slide groove 801. The slide rod 802 drives the fixed seat 803 to move synchronously and compress the return spring 805, thereby realizing the axial avoidance displacement of the moving blade 7, expanding the shearing gap, pushing the foreign object away from the shearing area, and avoiding the jamming of the rotary cutting mechanism caused by the foreign object jamming. When the hard foreign object is discharged from the shearing area with the slurry flow, the axial reaction force acting on the moving blade 7 disappears, the compressed return spring 805 releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the fixed seat 803 and the slide rod 802 to slide and reset in the direction of the groove. At the same time, the slider 807 slides in the opposite direction along the spiral groove 806, driving the slide rod 802 and the moving blade 7 to reset, quickly returning to the initial working position, and continuing to carry out normal shearing and dispersing operations.

[0026] In this embodiment, the positioning component includes a limiting block 808, a screw 809, a plug hole 810, and a positioning nut 811; The limiting block 808 is fixed to the end of the slide rod 802 away from the fixed rod 6. The limiting block 808 is rectangular and the four corners are chamfered. A screw 809 is fixed to the side of the limiting block 808 away from the slide rod 802. The moving knife 7 has a plug hole 810 that matches the limiting block 808. The positioning nut 811 is threaded to the extension end of the screw 809.

[0027] When installing the moving blade 7, align the insertion hole 810 of the moving blade 7 with the limiting block 808 and insert it into place. Through the matching cooperation between the limiting block 808 and the insertion hole 810, the circumferential rotation of the moving blade 7 is restricted, thus completing the pre-positioning of the moving blade 7. Then, screw the positioning nut 811 onto the extension end of the screw 809. Through the axial locking force of the positioning nut 811, the moving blade 7 is pressed and fixed between the limiting block 808 and the positioning nut 811, thus completing the detachable and fixed installation of the moving blade 7. When it is necessary to replace or maintain the moving blade 7, simply unscrew the positioning nut 811 in the opposite direction to remove the moving blade 7 directly from the limiting block 808, achieving quick disassembly and assembly.

[0028] In this embodiment, the fixing rod 6 and the spiral impeller 102 are integrally formed, and the axis of the fixing rod 6 is completely coincident with the rotation axis of the spiral impeller 102.

[0029] The one-piece structure ensures that there is no relative movement between the fixed rod 6 and the spiral impeller 102, and the rotational torque of the spiral impeller 102 can be transmitted to the fixed rod 6 without loss, ensuring that the moving blade 7 and the spiral impeller 102 rotate completely synchronously.

[0030] In this embodiment, the reducing pipe 3 is a straight pipe with different diameters. The large diameter end of the reducing pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the feed inlet of the volute 101, and the small diameter end of the reducing pipe 3 is the feed connection end. The slurry enters from the small diameter end of the reducing pipe 3, passes through the transition area between the large diameter section and the small diameter section, and then enters the feed inlet of the volute 101 from the large diameter end. The reducing pipe 3 realizes the diameter conversion connection between the upstream conveying pipeline and the feed inlet of the volute 101, ensuring the compatibility of the pipeline connection. The fixed blade 4 is located in the inner cavity of the large diameter section of the variable diameter pipe 3. The rotation range of the moving blade 7 covers the transition area between the large diameter section and the small diameter section of the variable diameter pipe 3. In the core material accumulation area where the slurry flow rate drops sharply, continuous shearing disturbance and dispersing operations are achieved. At the same time, it ensures that all slurry entering the volute 101 must first pass through the shearing area of ​​the moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4 to complete the processing.

[0031] In this embodiment, the slide rod 802 is cylindrical, and the diameters at both ends of the slide rod 802 are different. The diameter of the slide rod 802 inside the slide groove 801 is smaller than the diameter of the exposed end. In the initial state, the end face of the exposed end of the slide rod 802 is in contact with the end of the fixing rod 6.

[0032] The small-diameter section of the slide rod 802 completes axial sliding within the slide groove 801, while the exposed end of the large-diameter section is used to install the moving knife 7. The differential diameter design allows the exposed end of the slide rod 802 to completely seal the opening of the slide groove 801, preventing solid particles and long fibers in the slurry from entering the interior of the slide groove 801 and preventing the slide rod 802 from sliding and getting stuck.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the moving blade 7 is consistent with the rotation direction of the spiral impeller 102. An arc-shaped guide surface is provided on the material-facing side of the moving blade 7. The arc-shaped guide surface optimizes the slurry flow state, helps to improve the feeding efficiency and shearing efficiency, and avoids the slurry from stagnating in the reducing pipe 3. The material-receiving side of the moving blade 7 is treated with rounded corners for smooth transition. The smooth transition on the material-receiving side reduces the energy consumption of the equipment and prevents fiber entanglement from occurring on the moving blade 7 itself, further improving the anti-clogging effect of the slurry pump. In this embodiment, a reinforcing rib is provided between the outer side of the fixed blade 4 and the cylindrical rod 504 to improve the strength of the connection structure of the fixed blade 4, avoid the problem of breakage and deformation of the connection part under long-term shear impact load, and ensure the installation stability of the fixed blade 4. The reinforcing rib is far away from the material-facing side of the moving blade 7 to avoid the reinforcing rib interfering with the slurry flow channel, prevent fiber snagging and slurry accumulation, and ensure smooth flow and normal shearing operation.

[0034] The solutions in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 will be further described below with reference to their specific working methods. During operation, the slurry enters the pump body flow channel from the small diameter end of the reducing pipe 3. The pump body 1 drives the spiral impeller 102 inside the volute 101 to rotate. The blades of the spiral impeller 102 perform work on the slurry, thereby pressurizing the slurry and transporting it through the pipeline. The fixed rod 6, which is integrally formed with the leading edge of the feed end of the spiral impeller 102, rotates synchronously with the spiral impeller 102. This drives the moving blade 7, which is fixed at the end of the fixed rod 6 by the positioning component, to make coaxial circular motion in the inner cavity of the reducing pipe 3. This forms a continuous shearing pair with the fixed blade 4 installed on the inner wall of the reducing pipe 3 by the buffer mechanism 5. Before the slurry enters the volute 101, the slurry in the transition area between the large diameter section and the small diameter section of the reducing pipe 3 is forcibly disturbed and dispersed. At the same time, the long fibers in the slurry are continuously cut into short fibers, thus solving the industry pain points of slurry accumulation and bridging at the abrupt change in the flow channel of the reducing pipe 3 and long fiber entanglement of the spiral impeller 102 from the source.

[0035] During the rotary cutting operation, the buffer mechanism 5 at the bottom of the fixed blade 4 absorbs the rigid impact load generated when shearing long fibers and hard particles in real time through the elastic deformation of the spring 506, reducing the blade wear rate and preventing blade breakage. After the impact load disappears, the spring 506 drives the fixed blade 4 to automatically reset, ensuring the long-term stability of the shearing gap. When the shearing area between the moving blade 7 and the fixed blade 4 is filled with hard foreign objects that cannot be cut, or when the shearing resistance is overloaded, the telescopic mechanism 8 drives the moving blade 7 to generate an axial avoidance displacement through the axial sliding and circumferential deflection linkage of the slide rod 802, expanding the shearing gap and pushing the hard foreign objects away from the shearing area, preventing the rotary cutting mechanism from jamming. After the foreign objects are discharged with the slurry, the reset spring 805 drives the moving blade 7 to automatically reset, quickly restoring normal rotary cutting operation without manual intervention.

[0036] The above description is merely a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump, comprising a slurry pump body (1), a volute (101) disposed on the slurry pump body (1), a spiral impeller (102) rotatably installed inside the volute (101), a base (2) provided at the bottom of the slurry pump body (1), and a reducer pipe (3) coaxially and fixedly connected to the feed end of the volute (101), characterized in that: A fixed rod (6) is coaxially fixed to the leading edge of the feed end of the spiral impeller (102). The fixed rod (6) extends along the axial direction of the variable diameter tube (3) into the inner cavity of the variable diameter tube (3). At least one set of moving blades (7) is provided at the end of the fixed rod (6) away from the spiral impeller (102). The inner wall of the reducing pipe (3) is equipped with a fixed blade (4) that cooperates with the moving blade (7). When the moving blade (7) rotates synchronously with the spiral impeller (102), it forms a shearing pair with the fixed blade (4) to disperse the slurry and cut the long fibers. A telescopic mechanism (8) is provided between the end of the fixed rod (6) and the moving blade (7) to drive the moving blade (7) to generate an avoidance displacement when the shear resistance is overloaded; A buffer mechanism (5) is provided between the bottom of the fixed blade (4) and the reducing tube (3) for buffering and protection during rotary cutting operations.

2. The spiral impeller type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving blade (7) extends outward along the radial direction of the fixed rod (6), and the fixed blade (4) extends inward along the radial direction of the reducing pipe (3). The rotation trajectory of the moving blade (7) coincides with the installation position of the fixed blade (4) in the axial direction, and a shearing gap is left between the moving blade (7) and the fixed blade (4).

3. The spiral impeller type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (5) includes a fixed block (501), a groove (502), a rotating shaft (503), a cylindrical rod (504), a mounting groove (505), and a spring (506); The fixing block (501) is fixed to the inner wall of the reducing pipe (3). The top of the fixing block (501) is provided with a groove (502). A rotating shaft (503) is rotatably installed inside the groove (502). A cylindrical rod (504) is fixedly fitted on the outside of the rotating shaft (503). The cylindrical rod (504) is rotatably installed in the groove (502) through the rotating shaft (503). The bottom of the fixed knife (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylindrical rod (504). The cylindrical rod (504) has mounting grooves (505) at both ends. The spring (506) is sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft (503). The inner end of the spring (506) is engaged with the rotating shaft (503), and the outer end of the spring (506) abuts against the inner wall of the mounting groove (505).

4. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (8) includes a slide groove (801), a slide rod (802), a fixed base (803), a limiting ring (804), a return spring (805), a spiral groove (806), a slider (807), and a positioning assembly; The end of the fixed rod (6) away from the spiral impeller (102) is provided with a groove (801) along the axial direction. The slide rod (802) is slidably installed in the groove (801). The fixed seat (803) is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod (802) near the bottom of the groove (801). The end of the slide rod (802) away from the fixed seat (803) is provided with a positioning component. The moving knife (7) is connected to the slide rod (802) through the positioning component. A limiting ring (804) is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (802), and the limiting ring (804) is fixed on the inner wall of the slide groove (801). A return spring (805) is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod (802). One end of the return spring (805) abuts against the limiting ring (804), and the other end of the return spring (805) abuts against the side of the fixed seat (803). The inner wall of the slide (801) is provided with a spiral groove (806), and the outer wall of the fixed seat (803) is fixed with a slider (807) that slides in cooperation with the spiral groove (806).

5. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning assembly includes a limit block (808), a screw (809), a plug hole (810), and a positioning nut (811). The limiting block (808) is fixed at the end of the slide rod (802) away from the fixed rod (6). The side of the limiting block (808) away from the slide rod (802) is fixedly connected to the screw rod (809). The moving knife (7) has a plug hole (810) that is compatible with the limiting block (808). The positioning nut (811) is threadedly connected to the extension end of the screw rod (809).

6. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed rod (6) and the spiral impeller (102) are integrally formed, and the axis of the fixed rod (6) is completely coincident with the axis of rotation of the spiral impeller (102).

7. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducing pipe (3) is a straight pipe with different diameters. The large diameter end of the reducing pipe (3) is fixedly connected to the feed port of the volute (101). The small diameter end of the reducing pipe (3) is the feed connection end. The fixed blade (4) is located in the inner cavity of the large diameter section of the reducing pipe (3). The rotation range of the moving blade (7) covers the transition area between the large diameter section and the small diameter section of the reducing pipe (3).

8. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide rod (802) is cylindrical, and the diameters at both ends of the slide rod (802) are different. The diameter of the slide rod (802) inside the slide groove (801) is smaller than the diameter of the exposed end. In the initial state, the end face of the exposed end of the slide rod (802) is in contact with the end of the fixed rod (6).

9. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the moving blade (7) is consistent with the rotation direction of the spiral impeller (102). The material-facing side of the moving blade (7) is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface, and the material-receiving side of the moving blade (7) is treated with rounded corners for smooth transition.

10. A spiral impeller-type self-dredging and anti-clogging slurry pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: A reinforcing rib is provided between the outer side of the fixed blade (4) and the cylindrical rod (504), and the reinforcing rib is far away from the material-facing side of the moving blade (7).

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