Portable instrumented soil covering device
By designing lightweight mechanized soil covering devices, including soil extraction shovels and movable connecting rods, the problem of high soil covering operation cost in pepper planting in mountainous areas of Guizhou has been solved, and the automation of soil covering operation and terrain adaptability is achieved, and labor costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420348913.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing soil covering device is difficult to be suitable for pepper cultivation in mountainous areas of Guizhou, resulting in high labor costs and the inability to effectively complete soil covering operation.
A lightweight mechanized soil covering device is designed, including a soil extraction shovel, a movable connecting rod, a fixed connecting rod, a lifting cylinder, a linkage mechanism and a walking wheel, which realizes the automatic operation of soil extraction and soil covering, and is suitable for the planting conditions of mountain terraces.
It greatly reduces labor costs, realizes the mechanization of soil covering operation during pepper planting, reduces the requirements for terrain, and can complete soil covering tasks by a single person.
Smart Images
Figure CN222128662U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a portable mechanized soil covering device, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Background Art
[0002] During the pepper planting process, after the first fertilization, the pepper seedlings have taken root and grown 10-15cm higher than the hole mouth. At this time, it is necessary to cover the soil to fill and seal the planting gaps to achieve the effects of heat preservation, moisture retention, fertilizer retention, weed prevention, and lodging resistance.
[0003] Due to the terrain restrictions of mountain terraces, the soil covering devices in the prior art are difficult to apply to the soil covering operations during the pepper planting process in the mountainous areas of Guizhou. A typical example is the Chinese patent application number CN201821560611.1 that discloses an intelligent soil covering device for uniform mixing. Such devices are large in size and require flat ground to be moved to a designated position. However, the mountainous areas of Guizhou do not naturally have such geographical conditions, making such solutions unusable. Currently, the only way to complete the soil covering operation is to use baskets to pick up soil and buckets to pour soil, which has extremely high labor costs. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a lightweight mechanized soil covering device, which can effectively realize the mechanization of soil covering operations in the pepper planting process through structural settings such as a soil shovel, greatly reducing labor costs. It is lightweight in design and reasonable in structure, has almost no requirements on terrain, and can be suitable for planting conditions in mountain terraces.
[0005] The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions.
[0006] The utility model provides a portable mechanized soil covering device, comprising a soil shovel; the soil shovel is symmetrically arranged with its head facing each other, the soil shovel is rotatably mounted at the lower end of a fixed connecting rod with its tail, and the rotating axis of the soil shovel is perpendicular to the head-to-tail center line of the soil shovel, a bottom connecting rod is fixed at the tail of the soil shovel, a vertical movable connecting rod has a lower end movably connected to the bottom connecting rod, the upper end of the movable connecting rod is fixed to a horizontal movable beam, and the upper end of the fixed connecting rod is fixed to a horizontal fixed rod; the movable connecting rod passes through the fixed rod.
[0007] A lock is installed on the fixed rod, and two locking holes are opened on the movable connecting rod corresponding to the lock. The positions of the two locking holes correspond to the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit of the rotation of the soil shovel. When the soil shovel is at the preset upper limit, the angle between the soil shovel and the horizontal plane is not greater than 15°, and when the soil shovel is at the preset lower limit, the angle between the soil shovel and the horizontal plane is not less than 45°.
[0008] The fixed connecting rod is provided with a gas rod sleeve, in which a lifting cylinder is fixed, and the action end of the lifting cylinder is fixed to the movable beam rod; a soil breaking plate is installed at the bottom of the movable connecting rod, and the soil breaking plate drives the bottom linkage rod through a linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is installed on the soil taking cup at a position above the bottom linkage rod; the linkage mechanism is composed of a linkage bar and a linkage pull rod, and the middle part of the linkage bar is hinged to the top edge of the tail of the soil taking cup so that the movement of the soil breaking plate drives the linkage bar to rotate, the linkage bar is movably connected to the upper end of the linkage pull rod, and the lower end of the linkage pull rod is movably connected to the bottom linkage rod; a linkage baffle is arranged downward on the side of the soil breaking plate that contacts the linkage bar, and the height of the linkage baffle satisfies that: when the top surface of the soil breaking plate is higher than the top end of the linkage bar, the top position of the linkage bar is blocked by the linkage baffle outside the vertical projection surface of the soil breaking plate; in the vertical projection, the soil breaking plate completely covers the linkage baffle, and the soil breaking plate is within the covering surface of the inner cavity of the soil taking cup.
[0009] A soil cup is fixed at the lower end of the fixed connecting rod, and a soil shovel is installed through the soil cup.
[0010] The cross-sectional shape of the soil cup is a semicircular butted rectangle, one of the four sides of the rectangle is in a semicircular shape as a whole, and the semicircle faces the opposite outer sides of the two soil cups.
[0011] The bottom surface of the soil crushing plate is densely covered with conical loose soil nails.
[0012] A limiting block is fixed at the tail of the soil cup, and a linkage pull rod is sleeved in the limiting block.
[0013] A limiting groove is provided on the bottom linkage rod, and a ball head is fixed at the bottom end of the movable link or linkage pull rod. The ball head is installed in the limiting groove and moves along the limiting groove.
[0014] The two ends of the fixed rod are equipped with retractable telescopic rods, the other end of the telescopic rod is fixed with a wheel frame, and the bottom end of the wheel frame is equipped with a traveling wheel; the fixed rod can rotatably install the telescopic rod through the door frame shaft; the wheel frame is a multi-branch structure, and each branch structure is equipped with a traveling wheel.
[0015] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that through the structural setting of the soil shovel and the movable beam, the soil covering operation in the pepper planting process can be effectively mechanized, which greatly reduces the labor cost. It is light in design and reasonable in structure, has almost no requirements on the terrain, and can be suitable for the planting conditions of mountain terraces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of at least one embodiment of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 or Figure 2An enlarged structural diagram of the middle lock position;
[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the soil cup position;
[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A front view of
[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure in another working state.
[0023] In the figure: 11-fixed rod, 12-fixed connecting rod, 13-soil cup, 14-gas rod sleeve, 15-locker, 21-movable beam, 22-movable connecting rod, 23-soil breaking plate, 24-loose soil nail, 25-linkage baffle, 26-locking hole, 31-bottom linkage rod, 32-soil shovel, 33-linkage bar, 34-linkage pull rod, 35-limiting block, 36-lifting cylinder, 37-limiting groove, 41-gantry shaft, 42-telescopic rod, 43-wheel frame, 44-travel wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below, but the scope of protection required is not limited to the description.
[0025] The first embodiment of the utility model relates to Figure 1 A portable mechanized soil covering device is shown, comprising a soil shovel 32; the soil shovel 32 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right and opposed to the head, the soil shovel 32 is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the fixed connecting rod 12 with its tail, and the rotating axis of the soil shovel 32 is perpendicular to the head-to-tail center line of the soil shovel 32, a bottom linkage rod 31 is fixed to the tail of the soil shovel 32, a vertical movable connecting rod 22 is movably connected to the bottom linkage rod 31 at the lower end, the upper end of the movable connecting rod 22 is fixed to the horizontal movable beam 21, and the upper end of the fixed connecting rod 12 is fixed to the horizontal fixed rod 11; the movable connecting rod 22 passes through the fixed rod 11.
[0026] The soil taking operation can be completed by directly lifting the fixed link 12. When the fixed link 12 is lifted, the relative distance between the movable link 22 and the fixed link 12 is reduced, so that the soil taking operation can be completed by rotating the soil taking shovel 32 upward. The whole can be conveniently picked up to the designated soil covering position based on the fixed rod 11 (carrying or lifting). Then, the movable link 22 is used to operate the bottom linkage rod 31 to rotate the head of the soil taking shovel 32 downward, so that the soil in the soil taking shovel 32 can be poured out to complete the soil covering operation. In fact, the whole process only needs to stand and operate the fixed rod 11 and the movable beam rod 21, and there is no need to bend over to shovel soil, etc., which greatly reduces the labor cost.
[0027] The second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment, mainly in that the movable structures of the fixed rod 11 and the movable beam rod 21 are further improved, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, a locker 15 is installed on the fixed rod 11, and two locking holes 26 are opened on the movable link 22 corresponding to the locker 15. The positions of the two locking holes 26 correspond to the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit of the rotation of the soil shovel 32. When the soil shovel 32 is at the preset upper limit, the angle between it and the horizontal plane is not greater than 15°, and when the soil shovel 32 is at the preset lower limit, the angle between it and the horizontal plane is not less than 45°. Therefore, based on the cooperation of the locker 15 and the locking hole 26, the operation of soil extraction and covering is more convenient, and the posture control of the soil shovel 32 is more convenient, so that one person can operate it. The movable link 22 passes through the fixed rod 11, which makes the structure more compact, avoids mechanical interference, and also plays a good limiting role.
[0028] Furthermore, a gas rod sleeve 14 is provided on the fixed connecting rod 12, and a lifting cylinder 36 is fixed in the gas rod sleeve 14, and the action end of the lifting cylinder 36 is fixed to the movable beam 21. Thus, the lifting cylinder 36 can provide assistance or even electronic control for the lifting and lowering operation of the soil shovel 32 of the movable beam 21, and the operation of the soil shovel 32 can be achieved by pressing the switch button of the lifting cylinder 36, so as to facilitate the realization of semi-automatic operation, and further greatly reduce the labor cost.
[0029] The third embodiment of the present utility model is substantially the same as the first embodiment, mainly in that the soil shovel 32 is further improved, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a soil cup 13 is fixed to the lower end of the fixed connecting rod 12, and a soil shovel 32 is installed through the soil cup 13; a soil breaking plate 23 is installed at the bottom of the movable connecting rod 22, and the soil breaking plate 23 drives the bottom linkage rod 31 through a linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is installed on the soil cup 13 at a position above the bottom linkage rod 31.
[0030] Preferably, the linkage mechanism is composed of a linkage bar 33 and a linkage rod 34. The middle part of the linkage bar 33 is hinged to the top edge of the rear end of the soil cup 13 so that the soil crushing plate 23 moves and drives the linkage bar 33 to rotate. The linkage bar 33 is movably connected to the upper end of the linkage rod 34, and the lower end of the linkage rod 34 is movably connected to the bottom linkage rod 31. The side of the soil crushing plate 23 that contacts the linkage bar 33 is downwardly provided with a linkage baffle 25. The height of the linkage baffle 25 satisfies that when the top surface of the soil crushing plate 23 is higher than the top of the linkage bar 33, the top position of the linkage bar 33 is blocked by the linkage baffle 25 outside the vertical projection surface of the soil crushing plate 23. In the vertical projection, the soil crushing plate 23 completely covers the linkage baffle 25, and the soil crushing plate 23 is within the inner cavity covering surface of the soil cup 13. Therefore, the arrangement of the soil cup 13 facilitates the increase of soil extraction.
[0031] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the main function of the linkage baffle 25 is to prevent the linkage bar 33 from preventing the soil crushing plate 23 from descending. Generally, the linkage baffle 25 can be set at an angle, and as long as it guides the top of the linkage bar 33, it can effectively prevent the linkage bar 33 from preventing the soil crushing plate 23 from descending. However, in order to prevent soil from leaking out from the outer wall of the linkage baffle 25, the linkage baffle 25 can only be fixed at the side edge of the soil crushing plate 23, so that the outer wall of the linkage baffle 25 can be close to the inner wall of the soil cup 13 when the soil crushing plate 23 descends. When soil needs to be taken, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the soil-breaking plate 23 is lowered into the soil-taking cup 13, at which time the soil-taking shovel 32 is tilted downward, and the linkage bar 33 is rotated to a position partially located directly above the soil-taking cup 13. The soil-taking shovel 32 is inserted into the soil by stepping on it (stepping on the tail edge of the soil-taking shovel 32), and then the movable connecting rod 22 is operated to lift the soil-breaking plate 23. When the soil-breaking plate 23 rises to a position higher than the soil-taking cup 13, the soil-breaking plate 23 drives the linkage bar 33 to rotate, and the linkage bar 33 drives the soil-taking shovel 32 to rotate and collect soil; when the soil-breaking plate 23 is higher than the top of the linkage bar 33, the top of the linkage bar 33 contacts the linkage baffle 25 and is blocked by the linkage baffle 25 to stop rotating. At the same time, since the linkage bar 33 stops rotating, the soil-taking shovel 32 maintains its posture; on the contrary, when it is necessary to cover the soil, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the crushing plate 23 is higher than the top of the linkage bar 33, and the top of the linkage bar 33 is close to the linkage baffle 25 to stop the rotation, and then the movable link 22 is operated to lower the crushing plate 23. When the top surface of the crushing plate 23 is lower than the top of the linkage bar 33, the soil shovel 32 is affected by gravity and tilts downward, and drives the linkage bar 33 to start rotating until the crushing plate 23 is lowered to the top of the linkage bar 33. Figure 7 The position shown is located in the soil cup 13 , and at this time, the linkage bar 33 is partially located directly above the soil cup 13 .
[0032] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the soil cup 13 is a semicircular butted rectangle, one of the four sides of the rectangle is in a semicircular shape as a whole, and the semicircle faces the opposite outer sides of the two soil cups 13 .
[0033] Further, the bottom surface of the soil-breaking plate 23 is densely covered with conical soil-loosening nails 24. Thus, the conical soil-loosening nails 24 can disperse the agglomerated soil, avoiding the soil from agglomerating in the soil-taking cup 13 and causing the pepper seedlings to be crushed when being pushed out.
[0034] The soil used for planting pepper seedlings in some areas is generally in the form of scattered small clumps. When an external force is applied by the soil cup 13, the soil is easily squeezed into large clumps inside the soil cup 13. Such large clumps of soil are not firm and can be easily broken up by the puncture structure, but cannot be shaken off. Therefore, the function of the conical soil-dispersing nails 24 is mainly to apply external force to such agglomerated soil and break it up into scattered small clumps.
[0035] Furthermore, a limiting block 35 is fixed at the tail of the soil cup 13 , and the linkage pull rod 34 is sleeved in the limiting block 35 .
[0036] The fourth embodiment of the utility model is substantially the same as the first embodiment, mainly in that a further preferred arrangement is provided in which a limiting groove 37 is provided on the bottom linkage rod 31 , a ball head is fixed to the bottom end of the movable link 22 or the linkage pull rod 34 , and the ball head is installed in the limiting groove 37 and moves along the limiting groove 37 .
[0037] For more convenient use, Figure 5 As shown, retractable telescopic rods 42 are installed at both ends of the fixed rod 11, and a wheel frame 43 is fixed to the other end of the telescopic rod 42, and a walking wheel 44 is installed at the bottom end of the wheel frame 43. Thus, the soil transportation process does not need to be carried by people, and can be completed by one person, further saving labor costs.
[0038] Preferably, the fixed rod 11 is rotatably mounted with the telescopic rod 42 through the portal rotating shaft 41; the wheel frame 43 is a multi-branch structure, and each branch structure is equipped with a running wheel 44. This facilitates folding or disassembling the telescopic rod 42 and the wheel frame 43, and facilitates the overall transportation in the terraced terrain, and the running wheel 44 is arranged in a plurality of ways to make the travel more stable.
Claims
1. A portable mechanized soil covering device, comprising a soil taking shovel (32), characterized in that: The soil shovel (32) is symmetrically arranged with its head facing each other. The soil shovel (32) is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the fixed connecting rod (12) with its tail, and the rotation axis of the soil shovel (32) is perpendicular to the head-to-tail centerline of the soil shovel (32). A bottom linkage rod (31) is fixed at the tail of the soil shovel (32). A vertical movable connecting rod (22) has its lower end movably connected to the bottom linkage rod (31). The upper end of the movable connecting rod (22) is fixed to a horizontal movable beam rod (21), and the upper end of the fixed connecting rod (12) is fixed to a horizontal fixed rod (11); the movable connecting rod (22) passes through the fixed rod (11).
2. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locker (15) is installed on the fixed rod (11), and two locking holes (26) are formed on the movable connecting rod (22) corresponding to the locker (15). The positions of the two locking holes (26) correspond to a preset upper limit position and a preset lower limit position of rotation of the soil shovel (32). When the soil shovel (32) is at the preset upper limit position, the angle between it and the horizontal plane is not greater than 15°, and when the soil shovel (32) is at the preset lower limit position, the angle between it and the horizontal plane is not less than 45°.
3. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed connecting rod (12) is provided with a gas rod sleeve (14), a lifting cylinder (36) is fixed in the gas rod sleeve (14), and an action end of the lifting cylinder (36) is fixed to the movable beam (21).
4. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soil cup (13) is fixed at the lower end of the fixed connecting rod (12), and a soil shovel (32) is installed through the soil cup (13); a soil crushing plate (23) is installed at the bottom of the movable connecting rod (22), and the soil crushing plate (23) drives the bottom linkage rod (31) through a linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is installed on the soil cup (13) at a position above the bottom linkage rod (31); the linkage mechanism is composed of a linkage bar (33) and a linkage pull rod (34), and the middle part of the linkage bar (33) is hinged to the top edge of the rear end of the soil cup (13) so that the soil crushing plate (23) moves to drive the linkage bar (33) to rotate, and the linkage bar (33) moves The linkage bar (33) is connected to the upper end of the linkage pull rod (34), and the lower end of the linkage pull rod (34) is movably connected to the bottom linkage rod (31); a linkage baffle (25) is arranged on the side of the soil crushing plate (23) that contacts the linkage bar (33) and faces downward, and the height of the linkage baffle (25) is such that when the top surface of the soil crushing plate (23) is higher than the top of the linkage bar (33), the top of the linkage bar (33) is blocked by the linkage baffle (25) outside the vertical projection surface of the soil crushing plate (23); in the vertical projection, the soil crushing plate (23) completely covers the linkage baffle (25), and the soil crushing plate (23) is within the inner cavity covering surface of the soil taking cup (13).
5. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the soil collecting cup (13) is a semicircular butted rectangle, one of the four sides of the rectangle is in the shape of a semicircle as a whole, and the semicircle faces the opposite outer sides of the two soil collecting cups (13).
6. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the soil crushing plate (23) is densely covered with conical soil-loosening nails (24).
7. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting block (35) is fixed to the tail of the soil collecting cup (13), and the linkage pull rod (34) is sleeved in the limiting block (35).
8. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The bottom linkage rod (31) is provided with a limiting groove (37). If a linkage rod (34) is provided, a ball head is fixed at the bottom end of the linkage rod (34). If no linkage rod (34) is provided, a ball head is fixed at the bottom end of the movable link (22). The ball head is installed in the limiting groove (37) and moves along the limiting groove (37).
9. The portable mechanized soil covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the fixed rod (11) are provided with telescopic rods (42), the other end of the telescopic rod (42) is provided with a wheel frame (43), and the bottom end of the wheel frame (43) is provided with a travel wheel (44); the fixed rod (11) is rotatably provided with the telescopic rod (42) via a gantry rotating shaft (41); the wheel frame (43) is a multi-branch structure, and each branch structure is provided with a travel wheel (44).