Thin-wall annular part machining tool
By adopting a three-point positioning clamping structure and track design in thin-wall annular parts processing tooling, the problems of stress concentration and insufficient universality of the clamp are solved, and high-precision and efficient processing are achieved to meet the processing needs of parts of different sizes and shapes.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422700535.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-06
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-06
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has problems such as deformation caused by stress concentration, tool interference, difficulty in controlling clamping force and insufficient universality of clamps when processing thin-wall annular parts, which affects machining accuracy and efficiency.
Adopting a three-point positioning clamping structure, by setting up three independent positioning clamping mechanisms on the clamp main body, clamping from the inside and outside of the workpiece, point-to-point inner and outer clamping force is achieved, ensuring positioning accuracy and reducing clamping deformation , and through the rail structure, the clamping mechanism is flexible and adjustable to parts of different sizes and shapes.
It effectively reduces processing deformation, improves processing accuracy and efficiency, enhances the versatility of the fixture, and can flexibly adjust clamping force to meet the processing needs of thin-walled annular parts of different sizes and shapes.
Smart Images
Figure CN222134233U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a processing tool, in particular to a processing tool for thin-walled annular parts. Background Art
[0002] Most of the general-purpose fixtures widely used in the market are based on traditional design concepts. For example, the common three-jaw chuck works by applying a uniform radial force around the workpiece to achieve clamping. This clamping method is feasible for most parts with sufficient rigidity. However, for thin-walled annular parts, this application of radial force may cause plastic deformation of the material at the clamping site, thereby affecting the final dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the part. In addition, traditional fixture designs often do not take into account tool interference problems that may occur during subsequent processing. Especially when processing complex surfaces or internal structures, the height or shape of the fixture may hinder the normal movement trajectory of the tool, resulting in processing restrictions and even the need for multiple repositioning, which increases processing difficulty and cost.
[0003] In addition to the above-mentioned stress concentration and tool interference problems, the processing of thin-walled annular parts also faces some other unique challenges. First, how to avoid damaging the surface of the parts due to excessive clamping force while ensuring the reliability of clamping is a more difficult problem. The existing technology lacks effective methods to accurately control the size of the clamping force, especially when processing parts of different sizes or shapes, it is necessary to be able to flexibly adjust the clamping method. Secondly, the versatility of general fixtures is poor. When faced with thin-walled annular parts with large size changes or different shapes, the fixture needs to be replaced frequently, which not only increases costs but also reduces production efficiency.
[0004] In summary, the existing processing technology and fixture design have many shortcomings when processing thin-walled annular parts, including but not limited to deformation caused by stress concentration, interference of tool paths, difficulty in clamping force control, and lack of fixture versatility. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new solution to solve the above problems, improve processing accuracy and efficiency, and also meet the needs of modern manufacturing for automation and intelligence. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a thin-walled annular parts processing tool, which can effectively reduce processing deformation, improve processing accuracy, and adapt to the clamping requirements of parts of different sizes.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a thin-walled annular parts processing tool, including a fixture body, a first positioning clamping mechanism, a second positioning clamping mechanism and a third positioning clamping mechanism, the fixture body is provided with a mounting hole for connecting to a machine tool worktable, the first positioning clamping mechanism, the second positioning clamping mechanism and the third positioning clamping mechanism are circumferentially arranged on the fixture body, the first positioning clamping mechanism, the second positioning clamping mechanism and the third positioning clamping mechanism act on different parts of the workpiece respectively, and independently realize the internal and external clamping cooperation of the workpiece, wherein the first positioning clamping mechanism includes a first positioning pin and a first side top pressure code, the first positioning pin and the first side top pressure code are respectively arranged on the fixture body, and the first positioning pin and the first side top pressure code cooperate inside and outside to form a clamp for the workpiece.
[0007] Preferably, the clamp body is provided with a first track, a second track and a third track, the first track, the second track and the third track are evenly arranged circumferentially on the clamp body, the first positioning and clamping mechanism is arranged on the first track, the second positioning and clamping mechanism is arranged on the second track, and the third positioning and clamping mechanism is arranged on the third track.
[0008] Preferably, a plurality of first limiting holes and a plurality of first fixing holes are arranged at intervals on the first rail, the first positioning pin can be removably inserted into any of the first limiting holes, and the first side top pressure code can be removably connected to any of the first fixing holes to achieve adjustable positions of the first positioning pin and the first side top pressure code.
[0009] Preferably, the first side top pressure code includes a positioning block, a wedge block and a push block, the positioning block is detachably connected to the first fixing hole, the wedge block is provided with an adjusting bolt connected to the first track, one side of the wedge block is connected to the positioning block and can move up and down, the other side of the wedge block is provided with an inclined surface, the push block is slidably connected to the inclined surface, and the wedge block is driven to move up and down by adjusting the adjusting bolt to drive the push block to slide along the inclined surface, thereby realizing the push block approaching or moving away from the workpiece.
[0010] Preferably, a guide block is provided on the inclined surface, a guide groove is provided on the push block, and the guide block is slidably disposed in the guide groove.
[0011] Preferably, the first positioning and clamping mechanism has the same structure as the second positioning and clamping mechanism.
[0012] Preferably, the third positioning and clamping mechanism includes a fixed block, a movable block and a positioning rail, a groove is provided on the third rail, the positioning rail is fixed in the groove, the fixed block is fixed at the end of the positioning rail, the movable block can be slidably disposed on the positioning rail, and the movable block is connected to the fixed block by a locking bolt to form internal and external clamping of the workpiece.
[0013] Preferably, the fixed block has a first arc surface on one side close to the movable block to match the outer wall of the workpiece, and the movable block has a second arc surface on one side close to the fixed block to match the inner wall of the workpiece.
[0014] Preferably, a plurality of weight-reducing holes are provided on the clamp body.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are: the tool adopts a three-point positioning clamping structure, which mainly solves the problem that the traditional three-jaw chuck is prone to deformation when processing thin-walled annular parts. The tool is evenly distributed on the main body of the fixture in the circumferential direction to set three independent positioning clamping mechanisms, each of which acts on different parts of the workpiece, thereby changing the traditional centripetal clamping force into a point-to-point internal and external clamping force. Taking the first positioning clamping mechanism as an example, the first positioning pin and the first side top pressure code contained in it are clamped from the inside and outside of the workpiece respectively. This internal and external corresponding clamping method can not only ensure the positioning accuracy of the workpiece, but more importantly, it can minimize the clamping deformation.
[0016] The independent setting of the three positioning clamping mechanisms allows the force of each clamping point to be adjusted individually, which can not only ensure that the workpiece is firmly clamped, but also balance the clamping stress by adjusting the force of each clamping point, effectively preventing the deformation of thin-walled workpieces during processing. In addition, this decentralized clamping structure also has good versatility and flexibility. By adjusting the position of each clamping mechanism, it can adapt to the processing needs of annular parts of different sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model when it cooperates with a workpiece;
[0019] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamp body in the utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first positioning and clamping mechanism in the utility model;
[0022] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the third positioning and clamping mechanism in the utility model;
[0023] In the figure, 1, the fixture body; 2, the first positioning clamping mechanism; 3, the second positioning clamping mechanism; 4, the third positioning clamping mechanism; 5, the mounting hole; 6, the workpiece; 7, the first positioning pin; 8, the first side top pressure code; 9, the first track; 10, the second track; 11, the third track; 12, the first limiting hole; 13, the first fixing hole; 14, the positioning block; 15, the wedge block; 16, the adjusting bolt; 17, the inclined surface; 18, the push block; 19, the guide block; 20, the guide groove; 21, the fixed block; 22, the movable block; 23, the positioning rail; 24, the groove; 25, the locking bolt; 26, the first arc surface; 27, the second arc surface; 28, the weight reduction hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0025] Embodiment 1: Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a thin-walled annular part processing tool includes a fixture body 1, a first positioning clamping mechanism 2, a second positioning clamping mechanism 3 and a third positioning clamping mechanism 4. The fixture body 1 is provided with a mounting hole 5 for connecting to a machine tool worktable. The first positioning clamping mechanism 2, the second positioning clamping mechanism 3 and the third positioning clamping mechanism 4 are circumferentially arranged on the fixture body 1. The first positioning clamping mechanism 2, the second positioning clamping mechanism 3 and the third positioning clamping mechanism 4 act on different parts of a workpiece 6 respectively, and independently realize the internal and external clamping cooperation of the workpiece 6, wherein the first positioning clamping mechanism 2 includes a first positioning pin 7 and a first side top pressure code 8, the first positioning pin 7 and the first side top pressure code 8 are respectively arranged on the fixture body 1, and the first positioning pin 7 and the first side top pressure code 8 cooperate inside and outside to form a clamp for the workpiece 6.
[0026] Embodiment 2: Different from Embodiment 1, Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a first track 9, a second track 10 and a third track 11 are provided on the clamp body 1, and the first track 9, the second track 10 and the third track 11 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the clamp body 1, the first positioning clamping mechanism 2 is arranged on the first track 9, the second positioning clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the second track 10, and the third positioning clamping mechanism 4 is arranged on the third track 11.
[0027] In the above structure, the three circumferentially evenly distributed tracks on the fixture body 1 and the three positioning clamping mechanisms respectively arranged thereon jointly realize the flexible and adjustable characteristics of the clamping mechanism. The track structure allows the positioning clamping mechanism to move on the track according to the size and shape of the workpiece 6, so as to accurately locate the clamping position and easily adapt to thin-walled annular parts of different specifications, greatly improving the versatility of the tooling. In addition, the track structure simplifies the process of replacing the workpiece 6. The workpiece 6 can be quickly replaced by simply loosening and moving the corresponding positioning clamping mechanism along the track without disassembling the entire fixture, effectively shortening the processing preparation time and improving the processing efficiency.
[0028] Preferably, a plurality of first limiting holes 12 and a plurality of first fixing holes 13 are arranged at intervals on the first rail 9, the first positioning pin 7 can be removably inserted into any first limiting hole 12, and the first side top pressure code 8 can be removably connected to any first fixing hole 13 to achieve adjustable positions of the first positioning pin 7 and the first side top pressure code 8.
[0029] In the above structure, the design of setting a plurality of first limiting holes 12 and first fixing holes 13 at intervals on the first track 9 gives the first positioning pin 7 and the first side top pressure code 8 greater freedom of position adjustment, so that the fixture can adapt to a wider range of workpiece 6 size changes. By selecting different combinations of mounting holes 5 and fixing holes, the relative positions of the first positioning pin 7 and the first side top pressure code 8 can be flexibly adjusted, so as to accurately match thin-walled annular parts of different diameters, thicknesses or geometric shapes. This refined position adjustment capability not only improves the adaptability of the tooling to different workpieces 6 and reduces the need for special fixtures, but also helps to improve the positioning accuracy and clamping stability during the processing, and ultimately ensures the processing quality.
[0030] Preferably, the first side top pressure code 8 includes a positioning block 14, a wedge block 15 and a push block 18. The positioning block 14 is detachably connected to the first fixing hole 13. The wedge block 15 is provided with an adjusting bolt 16 connected to the first rail 9. One side of the wedge block 15 is connected to the positioning block 14 and can move up and down. The other side of the wedge block 15 is provided with an inclined surface 17. The push block 18 is slidably connected to the inclined surface 17. The wedge block 15 is driven to move up and down by adjusting the adjusting bolt 16 to drive the push block 18 to slide along the inclined surface 17, thereby realizing that the push block 18 is close to or away from the workpiece 6.
[0031] The working principle of this design is: by rotating the adjusting bolt 16, the wedge block 15 connected thereto can be driven to move up and down under the guidance of the positioning block 14. When the wedge block 15 moves downward, its inclined surface 17 will push the push block 18 in sliding contact with it, and the push block 18 will move away from the inclined surface 17, thereby achieving the tightening of the workpiece 6; conversely, when the adjusting bolt 16 rotates in the opposite direction to make the wedge block 15 move upward, the push block 18 will approach the inclined surface 17 and loosen the workpiece 6.
[0032] The sliding cooperation between the wedge block 15 and the inclined surface 17 can make the push block 18 produce continuous and smooth linear movement, avoiding the impact that may be caused by direct tightening. The push block 18 can also produce a larger displacement by adjusting the stroke of the wedge block 15 to meet the deep tightening requirements of the workpiece 6. The spiral transmission has good self-locking ability and high adjustment accuracy, so the tightening position of the mechanism can be stably maintained.
[0033] Preferably, a guide block 19 is provided on the inclined surface 17 , a guide groove 20 is provided on the push block 18 , and the guide block 19 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 20 .
[0034] In the above structure, the guide block 19 and the guide groove 20 are slidably matched, which improves the sliding guidance and positioning accuracy of the push block 18 on the inclined surface 17, avoids the displacement of the push block 18 during the movement, and can also bear a certain lateral force to prevent the push block 18 from lateral displacement during tightening, ensuring that the tightening action is smooth and without shaking.
[0035] Preferably, the first positioning and clamping mechanism 2 and the second positioning and clamping mechanism 3 have the same structure, thereby achieving the unification of the mechanisms and reducing the difficulty and cost of design, processing, assembly and operation.
[0036] Embodiment 3: Different from Embodiment 2, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the third positioning clamping mechanism 4 includes a fixed block 21, a movable block 22 and a positioning rail 23. A groove 24 is opened on the third rail 11. The positioning rail 23 is fixed in the groove 24. The fixed block 21 is fixed to the end of the positioning rail 23. The movable block 22 can be slidably arranged on the positioning rail 23. The movable block 22 and the fixed block 21 are connected by a locking bolt 25 to form an internal and external clamping of the workpiece 6.
[0037] In the above structure, the movable block 22 can slide along the positioning rail 23 to achieve precise internal and external synchronous clamping and positioning of the workpiece 6. The positioning accuracy is very high, the clamping torque is balanced, and twisting of the workpiece 6 is avoided. The operation and use are very simple. Only the locking bolt 25 on the movable block 22 needs to be turned to complete the clamping or loosening. No complicated operation is required, which is very convenient and quick.
[0038] At the same time, the assembly of the mechanism is also extremely convenient. The positioning rail 23 is installed in the groove 24 of the third rail 11 and is reliably fixed. The fixed block 21 and the movable block 22 only need to be mounted on the positioning rail 23, and no other positioning devices are required. The assembly process is quick and simple. In addition, by adjusting the position of the movable block 22 on the positioning rail 23, it can adapt to the clamping requirements of workpieces 6 within different size ranges, and the adaptability range is very wide. In addition, the mechanism adopts a guide rail sliding pair design, which has a relatively compact and simple structure, occupies a small space, and is very flexible and convenient to install and use.
[0039] Preferably, the fixed block 21 has a first arc surface 26 matching the outer wall of the workpiece 6 on one side close to the movable block 22 , and the movable block 22 has a second arc surface 27 matching the inner wall of the workpiece 6 on one side close to the fixed block 21 .
[0040] In the above structure, the first arc surface 26 and the second arc surface 27 are precisely fitted with the inner and outer curved surfaces of the workpiece 6 respectively, which can minimize the error and ensure that the workpiece 6 is in an ideal clamping state during positioning to avoid displacement or tilting. At the same time, the first arc surface 26 and the second arc surface 27 can make the clamping force act evenly along the tangent direction of the wall of the workpiece 6 without causing local stress concentration, thereby reducing the extrusion deformation of the workpiece 6 and ensuring the shape accuracy of the workpiece 6. In addition, the curved surface contact is smoother than the flat surface contact, which reduces the stress concentration in the clamping area and reduces the risk of extrusion and scratching of the thin-walled workpiece 6.
[0041] Preferably, a plurality of weight-reducing holes 28 are provided on the clamp body 1. The provision of the weight-reducing holes 28 also makes the clamp structure more rational and improves the overall rigidity to a certain extent. In order to meet the clamping requirements, the clamp body 1 is often designed as a hollow structure, and the reasonably distributed weight-reducing holes 28 can retain the necessary load-bearing path and avoid the unreasonable gap area, thereby improving the overall rigidity of the structure.
[0042] The above are only implementation methods of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A tool for processing thin-walled annular parts, characterized in that: It includes a fixture body, a first positioning and clamping mechanism, a second positioning and clamping mechanism and a third positioning and clamping mechanism. The fixture body is provided with a mounting hole for connecting to a machine tool worktable. The first positioning and clamping mechanism, the second positioning and clamping mechanism and the third positioning and clamping mechanism are circumferentially arranged on the fixture body. The first positioning and clamping mechanism, the second positioning and clamping mechanism and the third positioning and clamping mechanism act on different parts of the workpiece respectively, and independently realize the internal and external clamping cooperation of the workpiece. The first positioning and clamping mechanism includes a first positioning pin and a first side top pressure code. The first positioning pin and the first side top pressure code are respectively arranged on the fixture body, and the first positioning pin and the first side top pressure code cooperate inside and outside to clamp the workpiece.
2. A thin-walled annular parts processing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp body is provided with a first track, a second track and a third track, and the first track, the second track and the third track are evenly arranged circumferentially on the clamp body, the first positioning and clamping mechanism is arranged on the first track, the second positioning and clamping mechanism is arranged on the second track, and the third positioning and clamping mechanism is arranged on the third track.
3. A thin-walled annular parts processing tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first limiting holes and a plurality of first fixing holes are arranged at intervals on the first track, the first positioning pin can be removably inserted into any of the first limiting holes, and the first side top pressure code can be removably connected to any of the first fixing holes to achieve adjustable positions of the first positioning pin and the first side top pressure code.
4. A thin-walled annular part processing tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first side top pressure code includes a positioning block, a wedge block and a push block. The positioning block is detachably connected to the first fixing hole. The wedge block is provided with an adjusting bolt connected to the first track. One side of the wedge block is connected to the positioning block and can move up and down. The other side of the wedge block is provided with an inclined surface. The push block is slidably connected to the inclined surface. The wedge block is driven to move up and down by adjusting the adjusting bolt to drive the push block to slide along the inclined surface, thereby realizing that the push block is close to or away from the workpiece.
5. A thin-walled annular part processing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclined surface is provided with a guide block, the push block is provided with a guide groove, and the guide block is slidably arranged in the guide groove.
6. The thin-walled annular parts processing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning and clamping mechanism has the same structure as the second positioning and clamping mechanism.
7. A thin-walled annular part processing tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third positioning and clamping mechanism includes a fixed block, a movable block and a positioning rail. A groove is provided on the third rail. The positioning rail is fixed in the groove. The fixed block is fixed at the end of the positioning rail. The movable block can be slidably arranged on the positioning rail. The movable block and the fixed block are connected by locking bolts to form internal and external clamping of the workpiece.
8. A thin-walled annular part processing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed block has a first arc surface on one side close to the movable block, which matches the outer wall of the workpiece; the movable block has a second arc surface on one side close to the fixed block, which matches the inner wall of the workpiece.
9. The thin-walled annular parts processing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp body is provided with a plurality of weight-reducing holes.