Air braking system and tractor

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air pressure braking system and a tractor. The air pressure braking system comprises an air filter, an air compressor, a condenser, an electric control dryer and an air storage cylinder which are sequentially connected. The air reservoir comprises a hand air reservoir, a front air reservoir and a rear air reservoir; the front air cylinder and the rear air cylinder are connected with air inlets of the front axle relay valve and the rear axle relay valve and an air inlet of the brake pedal respectively. The hand air storage cylinder is respectively connected with air inlets of the front axle differential valve and the rear axle differential valve and an air inlet of the parking hand valve; air outlets and control ports of the front axle differential valve and the rear axle differential valve are respectively connected with two air inlets of the front axle brake chamber and the rear axle brake chamber; the air braking system is installed on the tractor. The air brake system and the tractor are high in safety, high in reliability and more durable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a pneumatic brake system and a tractor, belonging to the technical field of tractor brakes. Background Art

[0002] Tractors are mainly used to transport large quantities of goods. When heavy-duty roll-on / roll-off tractors transport goods, the entire vehicle bears a large weight. Therefore, a safe and fast-responding braking system is particularly important. Compared with hydraulic brakes, pneumatic brakes have the advantages of fast response, quick action, simple maintenance, and pipelines that are not easily blocked. They can effectively reduce the cost of working media, are pollution-free to the environment, and have good adaptability to the working environment. Therefore, pneumatic brake systems are currently the most commonly used braking systems in automobiles. At present, the pneumatic brake systems used in tractors mainly have problems such as insufficient safety, low reliability, low life, and frequent maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a pneumatic brake system and a tractor with high safety, high reliability and better durability.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved in this way:

[0005] A pneumatic brake system comprises an air filter, an air compressor, a condenser, an electric-controlled dryer, and an air reservoir connected in sequence; the air reservoir comprises a hand air reservoir, a front air reservoir, and a rear air reservoir;

[0006] The front air reservoir is connected to the air inlet of the front axle relay valve and the air inlet of the brake pedal respectively; the rear air reservoir is connected to the air inlet of the rear axle relay valve and the air inlet of the brake pedal respectively; the hand air reservoir is connected to the air inlet of the front axle differential valve, the air inlet of the rear axle differential valve, and the air inlet of the parking hand valve respectively;

[0007] The air outlet of the brake pedal is connected to the control port of the front axle relay valve and the control port of the rear axle relay valve respectively; the parking hand valve is connected to the control port of the front axle differential valve and the control port of the rear axle differential valve respectively;

[0008] The air outlet of the front axle relay valve is connected to the air inlet of the front axle brake air chamber; the air outlet of the rear axle relay valve is connected to the air inlet of the rear axle brake air chamber;

[0009] The air outlet and control port of the front axle differential valve are respectively connected to the two air inlets of the front axle brake chamber; the air outlet and control port of the rear axle differential valve are respectively connected to the two air inlets of the rear axle brake chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the air cylinder also includes an auxiliary air cylinder; the air outlet of the electric-controlled dryer is respectively connected to the hand air cylinder, front air cylinder, rear air cylinder and auxiliary air cylinder of the air cylinder through a four-way protection valve.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure-limiting valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the electric-controlled dryer and the hand-held air storage cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the front air reservoir is connected to the two 1# air inlets of the front axle relay valve through two pipelines respectively; the rear air reservoir is connected to the two 1# air inlets of the rear axle relay valve through two pipelines respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a trailer manual valve and a trailer valve; the air outlet of the brake pedal is connected to the control port of the trailer valve; the air outlet of the parking manual valve is connected to the air inlet of the trailer manual valve, and the air outlet of the trailer manual valve is connected to the control port of the trailer valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the air outlet of the trailer valve is connected to the trailer brake pipeline through a joint.

[0015] A tractor is provided with any one of the above-mentioned pneumatic brake systems.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The utility model discloses an air pressure brake system, in which high-pressure gas has less impurities, low temperature and low water content, and can effectively reduce the corrosion of various components in the brake pipeline, increase their service life, and improve the reliability and durability of the air pressure brake system; a four-way protection valve and four independent air storage cylinders are arranged to ensure that the air source supply of each circuit is independent and does not affect each other, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the brake system; the control port of the differential valve is connected to the service brake air inlet of the brake air chamber, so as to prevent the brake air chamber from being damaged, the brake from being overloaded, and the brake from being worn out prematurely when the service brake and the parking brake are in effect at the same time, thereby improving the service life of the brake and avoiding misjudgment of the service brake due to possible failure of the relay valve, resulting in the failure of the two braking modes to brake, thereby improving the safety of the brake system;

[0018] Compared with a tractor equipped with a traditional hydraulic brake system or a pneumatic brake system, the tractor of the utility model has the advantages of higher safety, higher reliability, longer service life, and no need for frequent maintenance, thereby reducing the use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic brake system.

[0020] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the brake system structure of a tractor.

[0021] in:

[0022] Air compressor 1, air cylinder 2, air filter 3, condenser 4, electronically controlled dryer 5, pressure limiting valve 6, brake pedal 7, relay valve 8, differential valve 9, parking manual valve 10, trailer manual valve 11, trailer valve 12, front axle brake air chamber 13, rear axle brake air chamber 14, four-way protection valve 15, manual air cylinder 21, front air cylinder 22, rear air cylinder 23, auxiliary air cylinder 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Example 1

[0024] See also Figure 1 The utility model relates to a pneumatic brake system, which comprises an air filter 3, an air compressor 1, a condenser 4, an electric control dryer 5, and an air cylinder 2 which are connected in sequence; the air cylinder 2 comprises a hand air cylinder 21, a front air cylinder 22, a rear air cylinder 23, and an auxiliary air cylinder 24; the air outlet of the electric control dryer 5 is respectively connected to the hand air cylinder 21, the front air cylinder 22, the rear air cylinder 23, and the auxiliary air cylinder 24 of the air cylinder 2 through a four-way protection valve 15, and a pressure limiting valve 6 is provided on the pipeline connecting the electric control dryer 5 and the hand air cylinder 21 to ensure that the pressure of the pipeline connected to the hand air cylinder 21 does not exceed the limit, and to ensure that the low-pressure component does not Damaged by high air pressure; in this embodiment, the air filter 3 is used to filter out particulate impurities in the air, and the condenser 4 reduces the temperature of the high-pressure gas coming out of the air compressor 1 so that the water vapor in the high-pressure air condenses into water, and then the water content is further reduced by drying with the electronically controlled dryer 5, thereby ensuring the supply of high-quality air source, effectively reducing the corrosion of various components in the brake pipeline, increasing their service life, and improving the reliability and durability of the pneumatic brake system; a four-way protection valve 15 is used to connect a multi-way air storage cylinder to ensure that the air source supply of the brake circuits of each front axle and rear axle, service brake and parking brake is independent and does not affect each other, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the brake system;

[0025] The front air reservoir 22 is connected to the two 1# air inlets of the front axle relay valve 8 and the 12# air inlet of the brake pedal 7 through two pipelines respectively; the rear air reservoir 23 is connected to the two 1# air inlets of the rear axle relay valve 8 and the 11# air inlet of the brake pedal 7 through two pipelines respectively; the 21# air outlet of the brake pedal 7 is connected to the 4# control port of the rear axle relay valve 8, and the 22# air outlet of the brake pedal 7 is connected to the 4# control port of the front axle relay valve 8; the 2# air outlet of the front axle relay valve 8 is connected to the 11# air inlet of the front axle brake air chamber 13; the 2# air outlet of the rear axle relay valve 8 is connected to the 11# air inlet of the rear axle brake air chamber 14;

[0026] When the brake pedal 7 is stepped on, the compressed air enters through the 4# control port of the front and rear relay valves 8, and the compressed air from the front air reservoir 22 and the rear air reservoir 23 is controlled to enter from the 1# port of the relay valve 8, and the compressed air is delivered to the 11# air inlet of the front brake air chamber 13 and the rear brake air chamber 14 through the 2# port of the relay valve 8, thereby shortening the inflation time of the braking implementation process; when the brake pedal 7 is released, the compressed air in the front and rear brake air chambers is discharged from the exhaust port of the relay valve 8 through the 2# port of the relay valve 8, thereby shortening the exhaust time of the brake release process; the relay valve 8 improves the braking response speed during service braking;

[0027] The hand air reservoir 21 is respectively connected to the 1# air inlet of the front axle differential valve 9, the 1# air inlet of the rear axle differential valve 9, and the 1# air inlet of the parking hand valve 10; the parking hand valve 10 is respectively connected to the 41# control port of the front axle differential valve 9 and the 41# control port of the rear axle differential valve 9; the 2# air outlet and the 42# control port of the front axle differential valve 9 are respectively connected to the 12# air inlet and the 11# air inlet of the front axle brake air chamber 13; the 2# air outlet and the 42# control port of the rear axle differential valve 9 are respectively connected to the 12# air inlet and the 11# air inlet of the rear axle brake air chamber 14;

[0028] When the parking brake acts alone, the parking manual valve 10 stops introducing compressed air into the 41# control port of the differential valve 9. There is no compressed air in the differential valve 9. Under the action of air pressure, the exhaust valve in the valve will open and the intake valve will close. The compressed air in the spring brake chamber will be discharged from the 12# intake port of the brake chamber through the exhaust port of the differential valve 9, and the compression of the brake spring will be released, thereby realizing the parking brake. When the service brake and the parking brake act at the same time, the compressed air in the spring brake chamber is discharged. If the service brake is also working at this time, the compressed air at the 11# intake port of the brake chamber enters the valve through the 42# control port of the differential valve 9, closes the exhaust valve, opens the intake valve, and the compressed air from the 1# intake port of the differential valve 9 will enter the 12# intake port of the brake chamber from the 2# intake port, thereby preventing the compressed air in the spring brake chamber from continuing to be discharged from the 12# intake port of the brake chamber. The parking brake stops, and the compression of the brake chamber spring is released in proportion to the degree of increase in the service brake pressure, thereby avoiding the superposition of the two braking forces. The differential valve 9 is used to shorten the exhaust time of the parking brake during implementation, and to avoid the simultaneous action of the service brake and the parking brake in an emergency, which may lead to damage to the brake chamber, excessive load on the brake, premature wear, etc., thereby improving the service life of the brake. In addition, during service braking, if the relay valve 8 fails, no compressed air will enter the 11# air inlet of the brake chamber, resulting in brake failure. At this time, the parking brake is activated. Since no air enters the 42# control port of the differential valve 9, the normal operation of the parking brake will not be affected, thereby avoiding the situation where both brakes do not work at the same time when the relay valve 8 fails, thereby improving the braking safety.

[0029] The pneumatic brake system of this embodiment also includes a trailer hand valve 11 and a trailer valve 12, which are used to connect to the trailer and brake the trailer in real time; the 21# and 22# air outlets of the brake pedal 7 are respectively connected to the 41# and 42# control ports of the trailer valve 12; the 22# air outlet of the parking hand valve 10 is connected to the 1# air inlet of the trailer hand valve 11, and the 2# air outlet of the trailer hand valve 11 is connected to the 43# control port of the trailer valve 12; the 21# and 22# air outlets of the trailer valve 12 are connected to the trailer brake pipeline through a joint.

[0030] In the pneumatic brake system of the utility model, the high-pressure gas has less impurities, low temperature and low water content, which can effectively reduce the corrosion of various components in the brake pipeline, increase their service life, and improve the reliability and durability of the pneumatic brake system; a four-way protection valve and four independent air storage cylinders are arranged, corresponding to the front axle brake, rear axle brake, parking brake and auxiliary air storage cylinder, to ensure that the air source supply of each circuit is independent and does not affect each other, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the brake system; a pressure limiting valve is arranged on the parking brake pipeline to ensure that the pressure of the parking brake pipeline does not exceed the limit, thereby protecting the low-pressure components of the parking brake pipeline; the control port of the differential valve is connected to the service brake air inlet of the brake air chamber to prevent the brake air chamber from being damaged, the brake being overloaded, and prematurely worn when the service brake and the parking brake are in effect at the same time, thereby increasing the service life of the brake and avoiding misjudgment of the service brake due to possible failure of the relay valve, resulting in the failure of both braking modes to brake, thereby improving the safety of the brake system.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] See also Figure 2 The utility model relates to a tractor, which is equipped with the pneumatic brake system of the above embodiment. The air compressor 1, air reservoir 2, air filter 3, condenser 4, electric control dryer 5, and pressure limiting valve 6 are all installed on the frame of the tractor, and the relay valve 8, differential valve 9, front air reservoir 22, and rear air reservoir 23 are respectively installed on the frame close to the front axle and the rear axle, shortening the distance of the compressed air pipeline and improving the response speed. Compared with the tractor equipped with the traditional hydraulic brake system or the pneumatic brake system, the tractor of the utility model has higher safety, higher reliability, longer life, and the advantages of not requiring frequent maintenance, thereby reducing the cost of use.

[0033] In addition: It should be noted that the above specific implementation is only an optimization scheme of this patent. Any changes or improvements made by technicians in this field based on the above concept are within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A pneumatic brake system, characterized in that: It comprises an air filter (3), an air compressor (1), a condenser (4), an electric-controlled dryer (5), and an air storage cylinder (2) which are connected in sequence; the air storage cylinder (2) comprises a hand air storage cylinder (21), a front air storage cylinder (22), and a rear air storage cylinder (23); The front air reservoir (22) is respectively connected to the air inlet of the front axle relay valve (8) and the air inlet of the brake pedal (7); the rear air reservoir (23) is respectively connected to the air inlet of the rear axle relay valve (8) and the air inlet of the brake pedal (7); the hand air reservoir (21) is respectively connected to the air inlet of the front axle differential valve (9), the air inlet of the rear axle differential valve (9), and the air inlet of the parking hand valve (10); The air outlet of the brake pedal (7) is respectively connected to the control port of the front axle relay valve (8) and the control port of the rear axle relay valve (8); the parking manual valve (10) is respectively connected to the control port of the front axle differential valve (9) and the control port of the rear axle differential valve (9); The air outlet of the front axle relay valve (8) is connected to the air inlet of the front axle brake air chamber (13); the air outlet of the rear axle relay valve (8) is connected to the air inlet of the rear axle brake air chamber (14); The air outlet and control port of the front axle differential valve (9) are respectively connected to the two air inlets of the front axle brake air chamber (13); the air outlet and control port of the rear axle differential valve (9) are respectively connected to the two air inlets of the rear axle brake air chamber (14).

2. The pneumatic brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas cylinder (2) further comprises an auxiliary gas cylinder (24); the gas outlet of the electrically controlled dryer (5) is respectively connected to the hand gas cylinder (21), the front gas cylinder (22), the rear gas cylinder (23) and the auxiliary gas cylinder (24) of the gas cylinder (2) via a four-way protection valve (15).

3. The pneumatic brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure limiting valve (6) is provided on the pipeline connecting the electric-controlled dryer (5) and the hand-held air storage cylinder (21).

4. The pneumatic brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front air reservoir (22) is connected to the two 1# air inlets of the front axle relay valve (8) through two pipelines; the rear air reservoir (23) is connected to the two 1# air inlets of the rear axle relay valve (8) through two pipelines.

5. The pneumatic brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a trailer manual valve (11) and a trailer valve (12); the air outlet of the brake pedal (7) is connected to the control port of the trailer valve (12); the air outlet of the parking manual valve (10) is connected to the air inlet of the trailer manual valve (11), and the air outlet of the trailer manual valve (11) is connected to the control port of the trailer valve (12).

6. The pneumatic brake system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air outlet of the trailer valve (12) is connected to the trailer brake pipeline via a joint.

7. A tractor, characterized in that: A pneumatic brake system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is installed.

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