Pre-constrained block box type component

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pre-constraint block box type component. The pre-constraint block box type component consists of a transverse plate and a web plate, the transverse plate comprises an upper transverse plate and a lower transverse plate; the web comprises a left web and a right web; the transverse plates and the web plates define a box shape; the transverse plates and / or the web plates comprise plate reinforcing steel bars, polymers and pre-constraint blocks; the pre-constraint block material comprises a block material and a constraint cage; the block material is arranged in the constraint cage; the constraint cage comprises a cage frame and constraint cage holes; the pre-constraint blocks are placed between the plate steel bars; the polymer wraps the plate reinforcements and the pre-constrained blocks. According to the utility model, the block and the polymer are arranged in the constraint cage to form a pre-constraint block polymer, so that excessive crushing of the block is reduced, and energy consumption and pollution are reduced; the combined action of the block and the polymer is enhanced, and the bearing capacity and ductility of the pre-restrained block box type component are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of structures, and particularly relates to a pre-constrained block box-shaped component. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, box-type components are an important part of building structures and bridges. Box-type components often use reinforced concrete box-type components, which are composed of concrete and steel bars. This requires a large amount of stone, sand, and cement materials. According to statistics, the amount of stone used in construction in my country accounts for nearly 1 / 2 of the mass of concrete, and its use is widespread in many industries such as construction, transportation, and railways. According to estimates, the annual amount of stone used in construction in the country is about more than 4 billion tons, which is the material that consumes the most natural resources. At present, the natural sand and gravel that meet the requirements of reinforced concrete structures can no longer meet the needs of engineering. In actual engineering, a large amount of machine-made sand and machine-made stone are used. Usually, natural stones are processed by vibrating feeders, jaw crushers, sand making machines, vibrating screens, and belt conveyors. Equipment such as conveyors are used to crush natural stones into small-sized gravel or sand. This process requires high consumption of electricity, transportation, and labor, and produces a lot of dust. This puts great pressure on our resources and environment. How to reduce the use of cement, small-sized sand, and stone in box-type components is of great significance to my country's engineering construction and energy conservation and environmental protection. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a pre-constrained block box-type component, which solves the problem of excessive cement, small-size sand and stone in the box-type component, and solves the problem of coordinated force between the block, steel bar and polymer. The utility model effectively reduces the amount of cement, small-size sand and stone, reduces hydration heat and dust by pre-constraining block materials built into the box-type component; improves the connection and force between the block and polymer by the constraint cage, and realizes the mechanical properties of the box-type component. This technology has the advantages of reliable performance, simple structure, fast construction and green environmental protection.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A pre-constrained block box-type component, consisting of a transverse plate and a web plate; the transverse plate includes an upper transverse plate and a lower transverse plate; the web plate includes a left web plate and a right web plate; the transverse plate and the web plate form a box shape; the transverse plate and / or the web plate include plate reinforcement, polymer and pre-constrained blocks; the pre-constrained blocks include blocks and a restraining cage; the blocks are built into the restraining cage; the restraining cage includes a cage frame and restraining cage holes; the pre-constrained blocks are placed between the plate reinforcements; the polymer wraps the plate reinforcements and the pre-constrained blocks.

[0006] Preferably, the cross plate includes cross plate steel bars, pre-constrained blocks and polymers; the cross plate steel bars include cross plate transverse steel bars and cross plate longitudinal steel bars, which form a cross plate steel mesh or a cross plate steel cage, and the pre-constrained blocks of the cross plate are located between the cross plate steel meshes; the web includes web steel bars, pre-constrained blocks and polymers; the web steel bars include web transverse steel bars and web longitudinal steel bars, which form a web steel mesh or a web steel cage, and the pre-constrained blocks of the web are located between the web steel meshes; the cross plate and web connection node area is polymer, without pre-constrained blocks; the plate steel bars include prestressed steel bars and non-prestressed steel bars, and the prestressed steel bars are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the plate.

[0007] Preferably, the polymer fills the gap in the pre-constrained block material; the polymer fills the gap between the pre-constrained block material and the plate steel bar; there is a polymer at the hole of the constraint cage, so that the polymer in the constraint cage and the polymer outside the constraint cage are connected as one; the constraint cage is closed at the end; the size of the constraint cage hole is smaller than the size of the block material at that location; the cage frame includes a side wall frame and an end closure; the end closure is formed by extending the side wall frame or is a special end closure; the special end closure is connected to the side wall frame as one; the block material includes a stone, a reinforced concrete block or a concrete block, or a cement mortar block; the polymer is a high-flow concrete; the block material is at a certain distance from the end of the polymer; the cage frame is composed of steel, and the strength of the steel is not less than 300Mpa; the volume ratio of the block material to the constraint cage is 5% to 85%; the volume ratio of the block material to the polymer is 5% to 300%; the volume ratio of the cage frame to the constraint cage is 0.02% to 3%.

[0008] Preferably, the restraint cage is a restraint bar cage or a mesh cage; the cage frame of the restraint bar cage is composed of restraint bars; the restraint bars are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame of the mesh cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes; the restraint bars of the restraint bar cage include longitudinal bars, transverse bars and / or diagonal bars; the end closures of the restraint bar cage are formed by fixed connection or bending of the longitudinal bars or diagonal bars at the ends or are independent end closures; the independent end closures are fixedly connected to the longitudinal bars or diagonal bars.

[0009] Preferably, the restraint cage is closed at both ends; the distribution spacing of the longitudinal ribs at the lower part of the restraint cage is smaller than the distribution spacing at the upper part of the restraint cage; the grid size formed by the longitudinal ribs and the transverse ribs is smaller than the size of the block placed at the grid, restraining the block in the restraint cage to prevent the block from falling off.

[0010] Preferably, the cage has a plurality of sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain blocks of materials.

[0011] Preferably, the pre-constrained blocks are located in the middle region of the board, and the distance from the board surface is not less than 10% of the board thickness.

[0012] Preferably, the transverse reinforcement of the transverse plate is closed, and forms a transverse reinforcement cage with the longitudinal reinforcement of the transverse plate; the transverse reinforcement of the web is closed, and forms a web reinforcement cage with the longitudinal reinforcement of the web.

[0013] Preferably, the transverse reinforcements of the web and the transverse reinforcements of the transverse plate are connected in the node area by overlapping, anchoring or welding; the longitudinal reinforcements of the web and / or transverse plate are arranged at intervals in the node area; there are no pre-constrained blocks in the node area, and the node area is cast with polymer.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics and beneficial effects.

[0015] 1. By setting up the constraint cage and reducing the contact area of ​​the blocks, the polymer can effectively fill the gaps between the blocks, effectively reduce quality defects, improve construction quality, and achieve structural safety.

[0016] 2. By placing blocks in the box-type components, the amount of cement, sand and stone used can be reduced, and the hydration heat of large-volume box-type components can be reduced during construction, thereby saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0017] 3. The block materials and polymers in the box-type component are constrained by the constraint cage inside the box-type component to form a pre-constrained block material polymer, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the combination of the block material and the polymer and realizing the mechanical properties of the pre-constrained block material box-type component.

[0018] 4. Pre-constrained blocks can be pre-processed in whole or in part, with high construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-constrained block box-type component.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the web of a pre-constrained block box-type component.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the pre-constrained block 9.

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a pre-constrained block 9 with a spacer 7 Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a pre-constrained block 9 with a spacer 7 Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross section of a pre-constrained block box-type component having a plurality of pre-constrained blocks 9.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a pre-constrained block box-type component having a plurality of pre-constrained blocks 9.

[0027] Figure markings: A-transverse plate, A1-upper transverse plate, A2-lower transverse plate, B-web plate, B1-left web plate, B2-right web plate, 1-block, 2-restraint cage, 2.1-cage frame, 2.1.1-side wall frame, 2.1.2-end closure, 2.2-restraint cage hole, 3-polymer, 4-restraint rib, 4.1-longitudinal rib, 4.2-transverse rib, 4.3-diagonal rib, 5-plate reinforcement, 5A-transverse plate reinforcement, 5A.1-transverse plate transverse reinforcement, 5A.2-transverse plate longitudinal reinforcement, 5B-web reinforcement, 5B.1-web transverse reinforcement, 5B.2-web longitudinal reinforcement, 7-block spacers, 9-pre-restrained blocks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to better understand the purpose, technical solution and function of the utility model, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that the terms "include / comprise", "consist of..." or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or also includes elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentences "include / comprise..." and "consist of..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product, device, process or method including the elements.

[0030] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "fixed connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a sleeve connection, a lap joint, a welding connection, a bolt connection, or a combination of the above connections; the terms "installation", "connection", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components; the term "through-length steel bar" means that the steel bar is continuous without disconnection, or the steel bar is disconnected but the disconnected steel bars are fixedly connected. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] It should also be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] The following is a detailed description of the implementation of the present invention using preferred implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a pre-constrained block box-type component consists of a transverse plate A and a web B; the transverse plate A includes an upper transverse plate A1 and a lower transverse plate A2; the web B includes a left web B1 and a right web B2; the transverse plate A and the web B form a box shape; the transverse plate A and / or the web B include plate reinforcement 5, a polymer 3 and a pre-constrained block 9; the pre-constrained block 9 includes a block 1 and a restraining cage 2; the block 1 is built in the restraining cage 2; the restraining cage 2 includes a cage frame 2.1 and a restraining cage hole 2.2; the pre-constrained block 9 is placed between the plate reinforcement 5; the polymer 3 wraps the plate reinforcement 5 and the pre-constrained block 9; the plate reinforcement 5 is completely or partially wrapped by the polymer 3.

[0034] The transverse plate A includes transverse plate steel bars 5A, pre-constrained blocks 9 and polymer 3; the transverse plate steel bars 5A include transverse plate transverse steel bars 5A.1 and transverse plate longitudinal steel bars 5A.2, the transverse plate transverse steel bars 5A.1 and transverse plate longitudinal steel bars 5A.2 form a transverse plate steel mesh or a transverse plate steel cage, and the pre-constrained blocks 9 of the transverse plate A are located between the transverse plate steel meshes; the web plate B includes web plate steel bars 5B, pre-constrained blocks 9 and polymer 3; the web plate steel bars 5B include web plate transverse steel bars 5B.1 and web plate longitudinal steel bars 5B.2, the web plate transverse steel bars 5B.1 and web plate longitudinal steel bars 5B.2 form a web steel mesh or a web steel cage, and the pre-constrained blocks 9 of the web plate B are located between the web steel meshes; the connection node area between the transverse plate A and the web plate B is polymer 3, and there is no pre-constrained block 9; the plate steel bars 5 include prestressed steel bars and non-prestressed steel bars, and the prestressed steel bars are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the plate.

[0035] Since the utility model uses a block material 1 with a larger particle size in the pre-constrained block box-type component, it can effectively reduce the amount of cement and small-particle sand and gravel used compared to ordinary concrete box-type components, effectively saving energy and protecting the environment. When the sand and gravel in the box-type component uses artificial graded sand and gravel, the pre-constrained block box-type component can further reduce the high energy consumption and high dust caused by artificial graded sand and gravel.

[0036] Due to the presence of block material 1, the shrinkage creep of pre-constrained block material box-type components is smaller than that of ordinary concrete box-type components, thus avoiding the defect that ordinary concrete is prone to cracks during large-volume construction. Block material 1 can greatly reduce the amount of cement used and reduce the hydration heat during construction. For large-volume concrete, hydration heat will cause concrete cracking, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of concrete and a reduction in the service life of the components. For pre-constrained block material box-type components, hydration heat can be reduced, and block material 1 can effectively absorb the hydration heat generated by the surrounding polymer 3, reduce the temperature difference with the surrounding area, and effectively avoid the hydration heat generated by the temperature difference.

[0037] The pre-constrained block box-type component constrains the block 1 in the cage and the polymer 3 in the constraint cage through the constraint cage 2 in the plate, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the combination of the block 1 and the polymer 3 in the constraint cage, and forming a block polymer with a constraint effect; the constraint cage 2 simultaneously connects the polymer 3 in the constraint cage and the polymer 3 outside the constraint cage, and there is polymer 3 at the constraint cage hole 2.2, so that the polymer 3 in the constraint cage 2 and the polymer 3 outside the constraint cage 2 are connected as a whole; the constraint cage 2 increases the reinforcement content of the pre-constrained block box-type component, and as a block polymer with a constraint effect, it bears the corresponding force, so that the polymer 3, the constraint cage 2 and the steel bars of the pre-constrained block box-type component are subjected to force together, and the overall mechanical properties of the pre-constrained block box-type component are achieved.

[0038] Moreover, during construction, the block material 1 is placed in the constraint cage 2 to form a pre-constrained block material 9, and multiple blocks 1 can be hoisted and transported at one time, thereby improving construction efficiency; the constraint cage 2 can control the contact mode, contact area and shape of the block material 1 during construction, so that the polymer 3 can effectively fill the gaps between the blocks 1, effectively reduce quality defects, improve construction quality, and achieve structural safety.

[0039] In the utility model, the block material 1 can be a stone, a reinforced concrete block, a concrete block or a cement mortar block; the polymer 3 is cement paste, cement mortar or concrete; the concrete is cast-in-place concrete or precast concrete; the concrete includes grouting material, self-compacting concrete, high-fluidity concrete, fiber concrete, organic polymer concrete and ultra-high performance concrete HEPA, etc.

[0040] In the utility model, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the polymer 3 fills the gap in the pre-constrained block 9; the polymer 3 fills the gap between the pre-constrained block 9 and the plate steel bar 5; the polymer 3 is present at the constraint cage hole 2.2, so that the polymer 3 in the constraint cage 2 and the polymer 3 outside the constraint cage 2 are connected as a whole; the constraint cage 2 is closed at the end; the size of the constraint cage hole 2.2 is smaller than the size of the block 1 at that location; the cage frame 2.1 includes a side wall frame 2.1.1 and an end closure 2.1.2; the end closure 2.1.2 is formed by extending the side wall frame 2.1.1 Or it may be a dedicated end closure piece 2.1.2; the dedicated end closure piece 2.1.2 is connected to the side wall frame 2.1.1 as a whole; the cage frame 2.1 can fix the position of the block material 1, and the end closure piece 2.1.2 can close the cage frame 2.1 to prevent the block material 1 from falling off from the end; the end closure piece 2.1.2 is formed by extending the side wall frame 2.1.1, and the two are integrated, which is beneficial to improving the strength and ductility of the pre-constrained block material 9; the dedicated end closure piece 2.1.2 and the side wall frame 2.1.1 are combined for easy production.

[0041] In the utility model, the block material 1 and the polymer 3 do not undergo a chemical reaction that reduces strength or durability; the surface of the block material 1 is a rough surface; the rough surface of the block material 1 is tightly combined with the polymer 3. The particle size of the block material is 60mm to 400mm (small block material, including 400mm), which can be used for boards of various thicknesses; 400mm to 800mm (medium block material, including 800mm), which is used for boards with a thickness greater than 500mm. The reasonable configuration of blocks of different particle sizes and boards of corresponding cross sections is conducive to improving the bearing capacity of the board.

[0042] The mud content of the block is less than 0.7%, and it is not allowed to be concentrated in a few areas. The difference between the block particle size and the average block particle size is not more than 30% of the average particle size. The small difference in block particle size makes it easier to control the contact mode between blocks or reduce their contact area.

[0043] In the utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the restraint cage 2 is a restraint bar cage or a grid cage; the restraint cage 2 is a restraint bar cage, and the cage frame 2.1 of the restraint bar cage is composed of restraint bars 4; the restraint bars 4 are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame 2.1 of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes; the restraint bars 4 of the restraint bar cage include longitudinal bars 4.1, transverse bars 4.2 and / or diagonal bars 4.3; the end closures 2.1.2 of the restraint bar cage are formed by fixed connection or bending of the longitudinal bars 4.1 or the diagonal bars 4.3 at the ends or are independent end closures 2.1.2; the independent end closures 2.1.2 are fixedly connected to the longitudinal bars 4.1 or the diagonal bars 4.3, and the fixed connection method is bolting, welding or binding connection.

[0044] The shape of the restraining cage 2 can be cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, etc.

[0045] The restraint cage 2 is closed at both ends; the distribution spacing of the longitudinal ribs 4.1 at the lower part of the restraint cage 2 is smaller than the distribution spacing at the upper part of the restraint cage 2; the grid size formed by the longitudinal ribs 4.1 and the transverse ribs 4.2 is smaller than the size of the block material placed at the grid, restraining the block material 1 in the restraint cage 2 to prevent the block material 1 from falling off.

[0046] Polymer 3 is high-flow concrete, which includes self-compacting concrete and high-flow concrete. High-flow concrete requires sufficient powder content, and the coarse aggregate can be 5-15mm or 5-25mm in particle size. High-flow concrete is more conducive to filling the gaps between blocks and ensuring the overall compactness of pre-constrained block box components.

[0047] The cage 2.1 is made of steel, and the strength of the steel is not less than 300Mpa; the volume ratio of the block 1 to the restraining cage 2 is 5% to 85%; the volume ratio of the block 1 to the polymer 3 is 5% to 300%; the volume ratio of the cage 2.1 to the restraining cage 2 is 0.02% to 3%. This can improve the strength and ductility of the pre-restrained block box-type component.

[0048] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the cage 2.1 has multiple sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain blocks 1. The sub-spaces are formed by the cage 2.1 being divided by block spacers 7 or external restraints or welds or restraint ribs 4; or the lateral connectors are hooped together by external restraint ribs to form multiple sub-spaces.

[0049] The multiple subspaces divide the block material into multiple parts, which can increase the bonding strength and ductility between the block material 1 and the polymer 3 and facilitate production and transportation.

[0050] The block spacer 7 is composed of a steel mesh or a perforated steel plate, and is fixedly connected to the side wall frame 2.1.1; the gaps in the steel mesh are smaller than the size of the block 1; the hole size of the perforated steel plate is smaller than the size of the block 1; the block spacer 7 is arranged longitudinally and / or transversely and / or vertically.

[0051] In the utility model, Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, there are multiple pre-constrained blocks 9 in the pre-constrained block box-type component; polymer 3 fills the gaps between the pre-constrained blocks 9. Multiple pre-constrained blocks 9 can reduce the amount of polymer 3 used.

[0052] The pre-constrained blocks 9 are located in the middle area of ​​the board, and the distance from the board surface is not less than 10% of the board thickness.

[0053] The clearance of the pre-constrained block material 9 is not less than 15 mm, so that the polymer 3 and the pre-constrained block material 9 can be closely combined.

[0054] The transverse plate transverse reinforcement 5A.1 is closed, and forms a transverse plate reinforcement cage with the transverse plate longitudinal reinforcement 5A.2; the web transverse reinforcement 5B.1 is closed, and forms a web reinforcement cage with the web longitudinal reinforcement 5B.2; at least one end of the transverse plate longitudinal reinforcement 5A.2 or the web longitudinal reinforcement 5B.2 extends out of the polymer 3.

[0055] The plate reinforcement 5 forms closed stirrups to improve the shear and torsional bearing capacity of the component.

[0056] The web transverse reinforcement 5B.1 and the transverse plate transverse reinforcement 5A.1 are connected in the node area by overlapping, anchoring or welding; the longitudinal reinforcements of the web B and / or transverse plate A are arranged at intervals in the node area; there is no pre-constrained block material 9 in the node area, and the polymer 3 is cast in the node area.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-constrained block box-type component, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block box-type component is composed of a transverse plate (A) and a web (B); the transverse plate (A) includes an upper transverse plate (A1) and a lower transverse plate (A2); the web (B) includes a left web (B1) and a right web (B2); the transverse plate (A) and the web (B) form a box shape; the transverse plate (A) and / or the web (B) include plate steel bars (5), polymer (3) and pre-constrained blocks (9); the pre-constrained blocks (9) include blocks (1) and a constraint cage (2); the blocks (1) are built into the constraint cage (2); the constraint cage (2) includes a cage frame (2.1) and constraint cage holes (2.2); the pre-constrained blocks (9) are placed between the plate steel bars (5); the polymer (3) wraps the plate steel bars (5) and the pre-constrained blocks (9).

2. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse plate (A) comprises transverse plate reinforcement (5A), pre-constrained blocks (9) and polymer (3); the transverse plate reinforcement (5A) comprises transverse plate transverse reinforcement (5A.1) and transverse plate longitudinal reinforcement (5A.2), the transverse plate transverse reinforcement (5A.1) and transverse plate longitudinal reinforcement (5A.2) constitute a transverse plate reinforcement mesh or a transverse plate reinforcement cage, and the pre-constrained blocks (9) of the transverse plate (A) are located between the transverse plate reinforcement meshes; the web (B) comprises web reinforcement (5B), pre-constrained blocks (9) and polymer (3); The web reinforcement (5B) includes web transverse reinforcement (5B.1) and web longitudinal reinforcement (5B.2), which form a web reinforcement mesh or a web reinforcement cage, and the pre-constrained blocks (9) of the web (B) are located between the web reinforcement meshes; the connection node area between the transverse plate (A) and the web (B) is a polymer (3) without pre-constrained blocks (9); the plate reinforcement (5) includes prestressed reinforcement and non-prestressed reinforcement, and the prestressed reinforcement is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the plate.

3. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer (3) fills the gap in the pre-constrained block (9); the polymer (3) fills the gap between the pre-constrained block (9) and the plate steel bar (5); the polymer (3) is present at the constraint cage hole (2.2), so that the polymer (3) in the constraint cage (2) and the polymer (3) outside the constraint cage (2) are connected as a whole; the constraint cage (2) is closed at the end; the size of the constraint cage hole (2.2) is smaller than the size of the block (1) at that location; the cage frame (2.1) includes a side wall frame (2.1.1) and an end closure member (2.1.2); the end closure member (2.1.2) is formed by extending the side wall frame (2.1.1) or is a dedicated end closure member (2.1.2); the dedicated end closure member (2.1.2) is connected as a whole with the side wall frame (2.1.1).

4. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The restraining cage (2) is a restraining bar cage or a grid cage; the cage frame (2.1) of the restraining bar cage is composed of restraining bars (4); the restraining bars (4) are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame (2.1) of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes; the restraining bars (4) of the restraining bar cage include longitudinal bars (4.1), transverse bars (4.2) and / or diagonal bars (4.3); the end closure (2.1.2) of the restraining bar cage is formed by fixing or bending the longitudinal bars (4.1) or diagonal bars (4.3) at the end, or is an independent end closure (2.1.2); the independent end closure (2.1.2) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal bars (4.1) or the diagonal bars (4.3).

5. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 4, characterized in that: The restraining cage (2) is closed at both ends; the distribution spacing of the longitudinal ribs (4.1) at the lower part of the restraining cage (2) is smaller than the distribution spacing at the upper part of the restraining cage (2); and the grid size formed by the longitudinal ribs (4.1) and the transverse ribs (4.2) is smaller than the size of the block material placed at the grid.

6. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage (2.1) has a plurality of sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain block materials (1).

7. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block (9) is located in the middle area of ​​the board, and the distance from the board surface is not less than 10% of the board thickness.

8. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse reinforcement (5A.1) of the transverse plate is closed, and forms a transverse reinforcement cage with the longitudinal reinforcement (5A.2) of the transverse plate; the transverse reinforcement (5B.1) of the web is closed, and forms a web reinforcement cage with the longitudinal reinforcement (5B.2) of the web.

9. The pre-constrained block box-type component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The web transverse reinforcement (5B.1) and the transverse reinforcement (5A.1) of the transverse plate are connected in the node area by overlapping, anchoring or welding; the longitudinal reinforcements of the web (B) and / or transverse plate (A) are arranged at intervals in the node area; and there is no pre-constrained block material (9) in the node area.

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