Diluting device for soil detection
By using crushing bucket, crushing roller and spur gear structures in the dilution device for soil detection, and using inter-tooth meshing connection and pulley system, the problem of slow soil crushing speed in the prior art is solved, and a more efficient soil crushing effect is achieved .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420563372.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-22
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-22
AI Technical Summary
In the existing dilution device for soil detection, the surfaces of the crushing table and the conical bucket are smooth, resulting in slow breaking of the soil block.
A dilution device for soil detection is designed, using a crushing bucket, a first rotating shaft, a crushing roller and a spur gear structure, and the driving force is transmitted through the meshing connection between the teeth, so that the crushing roller is reversely rotated to crush the soil into pieces, and through Pull and belt systems improve drive efficiency.
Compared with the method of rubbing the surface of the soil into pieces, the crushing efficiency of the soil into pieces is significantly improved and the crushing speed of the soil is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222144667U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil detection, for example, to a dilution device for soil detection. Background Art
[0002] At present, before soil testing, it is usually necessary to dilute the soil to facilitate subsequent testing. The related art (Announcement No.: CN219590068U) discloses a soil dilution device for soil testing, including a dilution chamber. A conical bucket is installed above the interior of the dilution chamber, the upper part of the conical bucket is set as a solid bucket, and the position of the conical bucket near the lower part is set as a through hole. An actively rotatable crushing table is provided inside the conical bucket, and the inclination angle of the outer side surface of the crushing table is greater than the inclination angle of the side surface of the conical bucket. A stirring assembly is installed inside the dilution chamber.
[0003] In the process of implementing the above embodiments, it is found that there are at least the following problems in the related art:
[0004] The outer side surface of the crushing table is inclined at a greater angle than the side surface of the conical bucket, so that the gap between the crushing table and the conical bucket gradually decreases, so that the soil blocks can be gradually crushed on the inner surface of the conical bucket when the crushing table rotates. In actual work, the soil blocks are ground by the friction between the crushing table and the conical bucket and the soil. However, since the surfaces of the crushing table and the conical bucket are both smooth, the friction between them and the soil is small, resulting in a slow crushing speed of the soil blocks.
[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Utility Model Content
[0006] In order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. The summary is not an extensive review, nor is it intended to identify key / critical components or delineate the scope of protection of these embodiments, but rather serves as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.
[0007] The disclosed embodiment provides a dilution device for soil testing to increase the breaking speed of soil blocks.
[0008] In some embodiments, the dilution device for soil testing includes: a dilution box; a crushing bucket connected to the top wall of the dilution box and communicated with the interior of the dilution box; a first rotating shaft rotatably penetrates the crushing bucket along the length direction of the crushing bucket, and is located on both sides of the crushing bucket along the width direction of the crushing bucket; crushing rollers are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts on both sides and are both located inside the crushing bucket; a stopper is installed on the inner wall of the crushing bucket and is located at the gap between the crushing bucket and the crushing rollers on both sides; spur gears are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts on both sides and are both located outside the crushing bucket, and the spur gears on both sides are meshed and connected; wherein the first rotating shaft on either side can be controlled to rotate so that the first rotating shaft on the other side rotates in the opposite direction.
[0009] Optionally, it also includes: a first drive motor, located outside the crushing bucket; a driving pulley, installed on the rotating end of the first drive motor; a driven pulley, installed on either side of the first rotating shaft and located outside the crushing bucket; a belt, installed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley; wherein the diameter of the driving pulley is smaller than the diameter of the driven pulley.
[0010] Optionally, it further includes: a support rod, one end of which is connected to the outer wall of the crushing bucket; and a motor mounting plate, which is connected to the other end of the support rod; wherein the first drive motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate.
[0011] Optionally, it also includes: a second rotating shaft, which is rotatably arranged at the center of the top wall of the dilution box; stirring blades, which are evenly installed on the second rotating shaft and are all located inside the dilution box; wherein the second rotating shaft can be controlled to rotate to drive multiple stirring blades to rotate synchronously.
[0012] Optionally, it also includes: a second drive motor installed on the outer wall of the dilution box; a driving bevel gear installed on the rotating end of the second drive motor; a driven bevel gear installed on the second rotating shaft and meshingly connected with the teeth of the driving bevel gear; wherein the number of teeth of the driving bevel gear is less than the number of teeth of the driven bevel gear.
[0013] Optionally, it further includes: a bearing seat installed on the top wall of the dilution box and located outside the second rotating shaft; and a bearing installed between the bearing seat and the second rotating shaft.
[0014] Optionally, it also includes: a seat bearing, which is respectively mounted on both ends of each of the first rotating shafts and is installed on the side wall of the crushing bucket.
[0015] Optionally, it further includes: a feeding port connected to the top wall of the dilution box and communicated with the interior of the dilution box; and a sealing cover detachably mounted on the feeding port for opening or closing the feeding port.
[0016] Optionally, it also includes: a discharge port connected to the bottom wall of the dilution box and communicated with the interior of the dilution box; a manual valve installed at the discharge port, used to put the discharge port in a conducting or blocking state.
[0017] The soil detection dilution device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve the following technical effects:
[0018] A soil testing dilution device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a dilution box, a crushing bucket, a first rotating shaft, a crushing roller, a stopper and a spur gear. The crushing bucket is connected to the top wall of the dilution box and communicated with the inside of the dilution box, and is used to add soil to be diluted into the inside of the dilution box and crush the soil in blocks. The first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the crushing bucket along the length direction of the crushing bucket, and can rotate relative to the crushing bucket. Along the width direction of the crushing bucket, the first rotating shaft is located on both sides of the crushing bucket, and the first rotating shafts on both sides are respectively used to support and install the crushing rollers. The crushing rollers are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts on both sides, and are both located inside the crushing bucket, and are used to crush the soil in blocks. The stopper is installed on the inner wall of the crushing bucket, and is located at the gap between the crushing bucket and the crushing rollers on both sides, and is used to prevent the soil in blocks from falling from the gap between the crushing bucket and the crushing rollers on both sides to the inside of the dilution box. The spur gears are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts on both sides, and are both located outside the crushing bucket. The spur gears on both sides are meshed and connected to transmit driving force. The first rotating shaft on either side can be controlled to rotate so as to cause the first rotating shaft on the other side to rotate in the opposite direction.
[0019] During use, driven by external force, the first rotating shaft on either side is controlled to rotate, which can drive the spur gear connected to it to rotate. Through the meshing action between the teeth, the spur gear on the other side can be driven to rotate in the opposite direction. Then the rotating shaft on the other side is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, and finally the crushing rollers on both sides rotate in the opposite direction. The crushing teeth of the crushing rollers on both sides can crush the soil into blocks and drive the crushed soil to fall into the dilution box. Compared with the method of crushing by rubbing the surface of the soil blocks, the crushing efficiency of the soil blocks is improved.
[0020] The above general description and the following description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not intended to limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by corresponding drawings, which do not limit the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements, and the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation, and wherein:
[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a soil detection dilution device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from the center AA;
[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a dilution device for soil detection provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0026] Reference numerals:
[0027] 1: dilution box; 2: crushing bucket; 3: first rotating shaft; 4: crushing roller; 5: stopper; 6: spur gear; 7: first driving motor; 8: belt; 9: support rod; 10: motor mounting plate; 11: second rotating shaft; 12: stirring blade; 13: second driving motor; 14: driving bevel gear; 15: driven bevel gear; 16: bearing seat; 17: bearing with seat; 18: feeding port; 19: discharging port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to be able to understand the features and technical contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail, the implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are for reference only and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. In the following technical description, for the convenience of explanation, a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments is provided through multiple details. However, one or more embodiments can still be implemented without these details. In other cases, to simplify the drawings, well-known structures and devices can be simplified for display.
[0029] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the embodiments of the present disclosure and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
[0030] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "middle", "outside", "front", "back" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are mainly intended to better describe the embodiments of the present disclosure and their embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific direction, or to be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Moreover, in addition to being used to indicate directions or positional relationships, some of the above terms may also be used to indicate other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship in certain circumstances. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0031] In addition, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0032] Unless otherwise stated, the term "plurality" means two or more.
[0033] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the character " / " indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B indicates: A or B.
[0034] The term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B.
[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.
[0036] Combination Figures 1 to 4As shown, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dilution device for soil detection, including a dilution box 1, a crushing bucket 2, a first rotating shaft 3, a crushing roller 4, a stopper 5 and a spur gear 6. The crushing bucket 2 is connected to the top wall of the dilution box 1 and is connected to the inside of the dilution box 1. The first rotating shaft 3 is rotatably arranged in the crushing bucket 2 along the length direction of the crushing bucket 2, and is located on both sides of the crushing bucket 2 along the width direction of the crushing bucket 2. The crushing rollers 4 are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts 3 on both sides, and are both located inside the crushing bucket 2. The stopper 5 is installed on the inner wall of the crushing bucket 2, and is located at the gap between the crushing bucket 2 and the crushing rollers 4 on both sides. The spur gears 6 are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts 3 on both sides, and are both located outside the crushing bucket 2, and the spur gears 6 on both sides are meshed and connected. Among them, the first rotating shaft 3 on either side can be controlled to rotate so that the first rotating shaft 3 on the other side rotates in the opposite direction.
[0037] A soil detection dilution device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a dilution box 1, a crushing bucket 2, a first rotating shaft 3, a crushing roller 4, a stopper 5 and a spur gear 6. The crushing bucket 2 is connected to the top wall of the dilution box 1 and communicated with the inside of the dilution box 1, and is used to add soil to be diluted into the inside of the dilution box 1 and crush the soil in blocks. The first rotating shaft 3 is rotatably arranged in the crushing bucket 2 along the length direction of the crushing bucket 2, and can rotate relative to the crushing bucket 2. Along the width direction of the crushing bucket 2, the first rotating shaft 3 is located on both sides of the crushing bucket 2, and the first rotating shafts 3 on both sides are respectively used to support and install the crushing rollers 4. The crushing rollers 4 are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts 3 on both sides, and are both located inside the crushing bucket 2, and are used to crush the soil in blocks. The stopper 5 is installed on the inner wall of the crushing bucket 2, and is located at the gap between the crushing bucket 2 and the crushing rollers 4 on both sides, and is used to prevent the soil in blocks from falling from the gap between the crushing bucket 2 and the crushing rollers 4 on both sides to the inside of the dilution box 1. The spur gears 6 are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts 3 on both sides and are both located outside the crushing bucket 2. The spur gears 6 on both sides are meshed and connected to transmit driving force. The first rotating shaft 3 on either side can be controlled to rotate so that the first rotating shaft 3 on the other side rotates in the opposite direction.
[0038] During use, driven by external force, the first rotating shaft 3 on either side is controlled to rotate, which can drive the spur gear 6 connected thereto to rotate. Through the meshing action between the teeth, the spur gear 6 on the other side can be driven to rotate in the opposite direction. Then the rotating shaft on the other side is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, and finally the crushing rollers 4 on both sides are driven to rotate in the opposite direction. The crushing teeth of the crushing rollers 4 on both sides can crush the soil into blocks, and drive the crushed soil to fall into the dilution box 1. Compared with the method of crushing by rubbing the surface of the soil blocks, the crushing efficiency of the soil blocks is improved.
[0039] Optionally, combined Figure 2As shown, it also includes a first driving motor 7, a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a belt 8. The first driving motor 7 is located outside the crushing bucket 2. The driving pulley is installed at the rotating end of the first driving motor 7. The driven pulley is installed on the first rotating shaft 3 on either side and is located outside the crushing bucket 2. The belt 8 is installed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley. Among them, the diameter of the driving pulley is smaller than the diameter of the driven pulley.
[0040] In the disclosed embodiment, a first driving motor 7, a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a belt 8 are also included. The first driving motor 7 is used to provide driving force. The driving pulley, the driven pulley and the belt 8 are used to transmit driving force. During use, the first driving motor 7 is controlled to work, so that the driving pulley can be driven to rotate. Through the belt 8, the driven pulley can be driven to rotate. Then, the first rotating shaft 3 on either side connected thereto is driven to rotate, and finally the crushing rollers 4 on both sides can rotate in opposite directions. In addition, the design in which the diameter of the driving pulley is smaller than the diameter of the driven pulley can reduce the rotation speed and increase the output torque.
[0041] Optionally, combined Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a support rod 9 and a motor mounting plate 10. One end of the support rod 9 is connected to the outer wall of the crushing bucket 2. The motor mounting plate 10 is connected to the other end of the support rod 9. Among them, the first drive motor 7 is installed on the motor mounting plate 10.
[0042] In the disclosed embodiment, a support rod 9 and a motor mounting plate 10 are also included. One end of the support rod 9 is connected to the outer wall of the crushing bucket 2, and the other end is connected to the motor mounting plate 10, which is used to determine the relative position of the motor mounting plate 10 and the crushing bucket 2. The motor mounting plate 10 is used to support and install the first drive motor 7 to determine the position of the first drive motor 7.
[0043] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a second rotating shaft 11 and stirring blades 12. The second rotating shaft 11 is rotatably arranged at the center of the top wall of the dilution box 1. The stirring blades 12 are evenly installed on the second rotating shaft 11 and are all located inside the dilution box 1. The second rotating shaft 11 can be controlled to rotate to drive multiple stirring blades 12 to rotate synchronously.
[0044] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, it also includes a second rotating shaft 11 rotatably passing through the center of the top wall of the dilution box 1 and stirring blades 12 evenly installed on the second rotating shaft 11 and all located inside the dilution box 1. During use, under the drive of external force, the second rotating shaft 11 rotates, which can drive the multiple stirring blades 12 to rotate, thereby accelerating the dilution speed of the soil.
[0045] Optionally, combined Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the dilution box 1 further includes a second driving motor 13, a driving bevel gear 14 and a driven bevel gear 15. The second driving motor 13 is mounted on the outer wall of the dilution box 1. The driving bevel gear 14 is mounted on the rotating end of the second driving motor 13. The driven bevel gear 15 is mounted on the second rotating shaft 11 and is meshed with the driving bevel gear 14. The number of teeth of the driving bevel gear 14 is less than the number of teeth of the driven bevel gear 15.
[0046] In the disclosed embodiment, a second drive motor 13, a driving bevel gear 14 and a driven bevel gear 15 are also included. The second drive motor 13 is used to provide driving force. The driving bevel gear 14 and the driven bevel gear 15 are used to transmit the driving force and change the direction of the force. During use, the second drive motor 13 is controlled to work, so that the driving bevel gear 14 can be driven to rotate. Through the meshing action between the teeth, the driven bevel gear 15 can be driven to rotate, and then the second rotating shaft 11 can be driven to rotate. In addition, the design in which the number of teeth of the driving bevel gear 14 is smaller than the number of teeth of the driven bevel gear 15 can reduce the rotation speed and increase the output torque.
[0047] Optionally, combined Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a bearing seat 16 and a bearing. The bearing seat 16 is installed on the top wall of the dilution box 1 and is located outside the second rotating shaft 11. The bearing is installed between the bearing seat 16 and the second rotating shaft 11.
[0048] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a bearing seat 16 and a bearing are also included. The bearing seat 16 is installed on the top wall of the dilution box 1 to support the installation of the bearing. The bearing is used to support the installation of the rotatable second rotating shaft 11, reduce the friction force on the second rotating shaft 11, and improve the rotation accuracy of the second rotating shaft 11.
[0049] Optionally, combined Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a seat bearing 17. The seat bearing 17 is respectively mounted on both ends of each first rotating shaft 3 and is installed on the side wall of the crushing bucket 2.
[0050] In the disclosed embodiment, there are also seat bearings 17 respectively mounted on both ends of each first rotating shaft 3 and mounted on the side wall of the crushing bucket 2. The seat bearings 17 are used to reduce the friction between the first rotating shafts 3 and the crushing bucket 2 on both sides and improve the rotation accuracy between the first rotating shafts 3 and the crushing bucket 2 on both sides.
[0051] Optionally, combined Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a feed port 18 and a sealing cover. The feed port 18 is connected to the top wall of the dilution box 1 and communicates with the interior of the dilution box 1. The sealing cover is detachably mounted on the feed port 18 and is used to open or close the feed port 18.
[0052] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, it also includes a feed port 18 connected to the top wall of the dilution box 1 and a sealing cover detachably mounted on the feed port 18. The feed port 18 is connected to the interior of the dilution box 1 and is used to add water or other solutions to the interior of the dilution box 1. The sealing cover is used to open or close the feed port 18. When the feed port 18 is in an open state, water can be added to the interior of the dilution box 1. When the feed port 18 is in a closed state, splashing of the mixed solution during the dilution process can be prevented.
[0053] Optionally, combined Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a discharge port 19 and a manual valve. The discharge port 19 is connected to the bottom wall of the dilution box 1 and communicates with the interior of the dilution box 1. The manual valve is installed at the discharge port 19 to make the discharge port 19 in a conducting or blocking state.
[0054] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a discharge port 19 connected to the bottom wall of the dilution box 1 and a manual valve installed at the discharge port 19 are also included. The discharge port 19 is connected to the interior of the dilution box 1 and is used to discharge the mixed liquid. The manual valve is used to make the discharge port 19 in a conducting or blocking state. When the discharge port 19 is in a conducting state, the mixed liquid can be discharged. When the discharge port 19 is in a blocked state, the soil dilution work can be carried out.
[0055] The above description and the accompanying drawings sufficiently illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Unless explicitly required, individual components and functions are optional, and the order of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace portions and features of other embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A soil testing dilution device, characterized in that: include: Dilution box; A crushing bucket connected to the top wall of the dilution box and communicated with the interior of the dilution box; A first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the crushing bucket along the length direction of the crushing bucket and is located at both sides of the crushing bucket along the width direction of the crushing bucket; Crushing rollers are respectively mounted on the first rotating shafts on both sides and are both located inside the crushing bucket; A stopper is installed on the inner wall of the crushing bucket and is located at the gap between the crushing bucket and the crushing rollers on both sides; Spur gears are respectively installed on the first rotating shafts on both sides and are located outside the crushing bucket, and the spur gears on both sides are meshed and connected; The first rotating shaft on either side can be controlled to rotate so as to cause the first rotating shaft on the other side to rotate in the opposite direction.
2. A soil testing dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first driving motor is located outside the crushing bucket; A driving pulley, mounted on the rotating end of the first driving motor; A driven pulley is mounted on the first rotating shaft on either side and is located outside the crushing bucket; A belt installed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley; Wherein, the diameter of the driving pulley is smaller than the diameter of the driven pulley.
3. A soil testing dilution device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A support rod, one end of which is connected to the outer wall of the crushing bucket; A motor mounting plate connected to the other end of the support rod; Wherein, the first driving motor is installed on the motor mounting plate.
4. A soil testing dilution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A second rotating shaft is rotatably disposed through the center of the top wall of the dilution box; Stirring blades are evenly mounted on the second rotating shaft and are located inside the dilution box; Wherein, the second rotating shaft can be controlled to rotate to drive the plurality of stirring blades to rotate synchronously.
5. A soil testing dilution device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A second driving motor is installed on the outer wall of the dilution box; A driving bevel gear, mounted on the rotating end of the second driving motor; A driven bevel gear is mounted on the second rotating shaft and meshed with the driving bevel gear; Wherein, the number of teeth of the active bevel gear is smaller than the number of teeth of the driven bevel gear.
6. A soil testing dilution device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A bearing seat, mounted on the top wall of the dilution box and located outside the second rotating shaft; A bearing is installed between the bearing seat and the second rotating shaft.
7. A soil testing dilution device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The seat bearings are respectively mounted on both ends of each of the first rotating shafts and are installed on the side walls of the crushing bucket.
8. A soil testing dilution device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A feed port connected to the top wall of the dilution box and communicated with the interior of the dilution box; A sealing cover is detachably mounted on the feeding port and is used to open or close the feeding port.
9. A soil testing dilution device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A discharge port connected to the bottom wall of the dilution box and communicated with the interior of the dilution box; A manual valve is installed at the discharge port and is used to put the discharge port in a conducting or blocking state.