Folding type waste rubber and plastic recycling and cracking kettle

Abstract

The utility model relates to recovery equipment for waste rubber and plastic materials, in particular to an inflection type waste rubber and plastic recovery cracking kettle, which comprises cracking pipes and oil gas recovery pipes, the oil gas recovery pipes are arranged at the front ends of the cracking pipes, and heating cavities are arranged outside the cracking pipes. And the front end of each pipeline is communicated with the oil gas recovery pipe. The cracking kettle has the beneficial effects that a plurality of cracking pipes are connected in series in an inflection manner, so that the length of the original cracking kettle is greatly shortened, and the manufacturing and mounting cost is reduced. And the front end of each branch cracking pipe is communicated with the oil gas recovery pipe, so that oil gas loss at the middle-far part of the original cracking pipe is reduced. And the temperature of each branch cracking pipe can be respectively controlled according to requirements, so that various components of the waste materials are fully cracked. The yield and the quality of the recycled material are greatly improved, the energy consumption index is greatly reduced, and the comprehensive benefit is remarkably improved. The device is expected to be a preferable device for cracking and recycling articles such as waste tires, waste plastics, waste rubber and plastic materials, waste oil sludge and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a waste rubber and plastic material recycling device, namely a folding type waste rubber and plastic recycling cracking kettle. Background Art

[0002] Rubber or plastic or their mixture, often called rubber and plastic materials, is an important industrial raw material. The vehicle tires and various industrial products and daily necessities manufactured by them play an important role in economic construction and people's lives. Rubber and plastic products with a short service life, such as vehicle tires, will generate a large amount of waste after replacement, causing negative pressure on the environment and ecology, and urgently need to be properly handled. Practice has proved that there are many ways to deal with the above-mentioned waste materials, but the best way to deal with them is recycling. At present, the main recycling process for rubber and plastic materials is high-temperature cracking. The main equipment of the high-temperature cracking process is a cracking kettle. The existing cracking kettle often has a cracking tube with a screw-type propeller, also known as an auger. The tube is heated outside, and the material passes through the auger to crack and separate a variety of products. Taking the recycling of waste tires as an example, the rubber blocks or rubber powder crushed by the tires are put into the cracking tube of the cracking kettle, and after high-temperature cracking, oil, gas and carbon black are obtained. Tires containing steel wire can also recover steel wire. Most of the oil and gas are condensed to obtain rubber oil, and a small amount of non-condensable gas can be used as fuel for the cracking kettle or other heat source fuel.

[0003] However, the current cracking process of rubber and plastic materials often has the problems of low recovery rate of oil, gas and solid products, poor quality and high energy consumption. The main reason is that the structure of the existing cracking kettle is unreasonable, which is prone to coking. Studies have shown that the composition of rubber and plastic materials is relatively complex, and the temperature and heating rate required for various components are different. For example: the precipitation temperature of tar, some volatiles and some organic additives in waste tire particles is about 170~295℃. The cracking temperature of natural rubber in tires is 295~400℃. The cracking temperature of synthetic rubber in tires, namely cis-butadiene rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber, is 400~500℃. Obviously, it is difficult to achieve such a large temperature difference in the same branch pipe.

[0004] In order to solve this problem, existing cracking kettles all use the method of lengthening the cracking pipe, and the length of the cracking pipe is as long as 30 meters or more. With the supporting facilities before and after, its length is even longer. Such a long pipe not only takes up a longer space, but also makes it more difficult to heat the pipe and recover oil and gas.

[0005] According to the current mainstream understanding of the industry, the front part of the pipeline has the most materials and is the main part of gas production. The materials in the rear part of the pipeline gradually decrease, and the oil and gas production gradually decreases. In addition, the slag in the rear part needs to be cooled and dissipated. Therefore, the front part of the cracking tube is the main part of heating, and the oil and gas recovery pipe is also set at the inlet end of the cracking tube. In this way, the oil and gas produced in the rear part of the cracking tube is difficult to return to the oil and gas recovery pipe completely due to the large return resistance due to the long distance, and it is lost with the slag.

[0006] Research has found that the cracking temperature of various components of rubber and plastic materials such as tires needs to be increased from low to high at a low rate. However, the temperature of existing cracking tubes is from high to low, that is, the temperature must be quickly increased in the initial stage to reach a higher temperature, and then gradually decreased in the middle and rear parts. In this way, the low-temperature cracking components cannot be fully cracked and coke, which reduces the yield of oil and gas. The medium-temperature cracking components will reduce the oil and gas ratio due to excessively fast temperature increase, increase non-condensable gas, and reduce the recovered oil content, which does not meet the process purpose. At the same time, the coked components will also be mixed into the carbon black, reducing the quality of solid recovery.

[0007] It can be seen that in order to further improve the oil and gas recovery rate, reduce energy consumption and increase comprehensive benefits, the existing cracking kettle should also be improved. Summary of the invention

[0008] The utility model aims to provide a folding type waste rubber plastic recycling cracking kettle which is suitable for the cracking and recycling of waste rubber and plastic and has high yield of recycled materials, good quality, low energy consumption and high comprehensive benefit.

[0009] The above object is achieved by the following technical solution: a folded waste rubber plastic recycling cracking kettle is provided, comprising a cracking tube and an oil and gas recovery tube, the oil and gas recovery tube is arranged at the front end of the cracking tube, and a heating chamber is arranged outside the cracking tube. The improvement is that there are multiple cracking tubes, which are installed side by side and connected to each other, and the front end of each cracking tube is connected to the oil and gas recovery tube.

[0010] There are multiple cracking tubes arranged up and down, the rear end of the first cracking tube is connected to the rear end of the second cracking tube, the front end of the second cracking tube is connected to the front end of the third cracking tube, and so on, and the rear end of the last cracking tube is provided with a slag discharge port.

[0011] There are three cracking tubes, the rear end of the first cracking tube is connected with the rear end of the second cracking tube through a connecting tube, the front end of the second cracking tube is connected with the front end of the third cracking tube through a connecting tube, and the rear end of the third cracking tube has a slag discharge port.

[0012] A shaftless auger is arranged in the cracking tube.

[0013] The shaftless auger is surrounded by spiral plates, and a half shaft is respectively arranged at both ends of the spiral plates.

[0014] The heating chamber is divided into multiple layers, and each layer has a cracking tube.

[0015] The heating chamber has three layers, each layer of the heating chamber has a cracking tube, the three cracking tubes are arranged up and down, and a hot air pipe and a temperature controller are arranged between each layer of the heating chamber and the hot air furnace.

[0016] The heating chamber has three layers, wherein the temperature of the upper heating chamber is controlled at any value between 170 and 300°C, with an error of plus or minus 10°C, the temperature of the middle cracking tube is controlled at any value between 295 and 400°C, with an error of plus or minus 8°C, and the temperature of the third cracking tube is controlled at any value between 400 and 600°C, with an error of plus or minus 5°C.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: since multiple cracking tubes are folded back and connected in series, the length of the original single-tube cracking kettle is greatly shortened, and the area occupied is greatly reduced. The front end of each cracking tube is connected to the oil and gas recovery pipe, which is equivalent to shortening the distance between the middle and distal ends of the original cracking tube and the oil and gas recovery pipe, reducing the loss of oil and gas. The temperature of each cracking tube can be controlled separately according to needs, so that various components of the waste material can be fully cracked. The yield and quality of the recycled materials are greatly improved, the energy consumption index is greatly reduced, and the comprehensive benefits are significantly improved. It is expected to become the preferred equipment for cracking and recycling items such as waste tires, waste plastics, waste rubber and plastic materials, and waste sludge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a front view of a first embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a left side view of the first embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 is an AA cross-sectional view of the first embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a right side view of the first embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a material operation route map of the first embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 is a front view of a second embodiment;

[0024] Figure 7 is a front view of a shaftless auger of a second embodiment;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a material operation route map of the second embodiment;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a front view of a third embodiment;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a left side view of the third embodiment;

[0028] Fig.11 is a BB cross-sectional view of the third embodiment;

[0029] Fig.12 It is a right side view of the third embodiment.

[0030] In the figure, it can be seen that: kettle body 1, cracking tube 2, auger 3, heating chamber 4, feed port 5, oil and gas recovery pipe 6, connecting pipe 7, hot air furnace 8, slag discharge port 9, motor 10, storage bin 11, shaftless auger 12, spiral sheet 13, half shaft 14, partition plate 15, hot air pipe 16, and temperature controller 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] First embodiment: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 A folded waste rubber and plastic recycling cracking kettle is introduced. The kettle body 1 of the cracking kettle is a box-shaped shell, and the shell contains a heating chamber 4. The shell is equipped with a hot air furnace 8, and the hot air furnace burns fuel and sends heat energy into the heating chamber 4. The heating chamber is equipped with a cracking tube 2, and a feed inlet 5 and an oil and gas recovery pipe 6 are provided on the front upper part of the cracking tube.

[0032] During use, the rubber blocks or rubber powder crushed from the waste materials fall into the cracking tube through the feed port. The cracking tube is equipped with an auger 3, which is also called a screw propeller. The auger rotates under the drive of the motor 10, pushing the material forward, and releasing oil and gas after thermal cracking. The oil and gas are discharged from the inlet end of the cracking tube by their own tension or the attraction of the oil and gas recovery pipe, enter the oil and gas recovery pipe 6, and then condensed into a liquid and recovered. The improvement is that the cracking tube in the heating chamber is not one, but multiple. The multiple cracking tubes are installed side by side and connected to each other, and the front end of each cracking tube is connected to the oil and gas recovery pipe 6.

[0033] There are many ways to install the cracking tubes side by side, and the figure shows one of them: the cracking tubes are arranged in parallel from top to bottom.

[0034] There are many ways for the cracking tubes to be connected to each other. The example in the figure is: the first cracking tube is connected to the rear end of the second cracking tube, the second cracking tube is connected to the front end of the third cracking tube, and so on. The rear end of the last cracking tube has a slag discharge port 9.

[0035] Further, the figure shows three horizontal cracking tubes, which are divided into three layers. The top cracking tube and the middle cracking tube are connected at their rear ends through a vertical connecting tube 7. The middle cracking tube is connected to the front end of the lower cracking tube through a vertical connecting tube, and the rear end of the lower cracking tube is provided with a slag discharge port 9.

[0036] The auger 3 in the cracking tube has various structural forms. The auger shown in the figure has an auger shaft with spiral blades installed on the outside. Both ends of the auger shaft are assembled on the kettle body 1 through bearings. One end is connected to the power output shaft of the motor 10 through a transmission box.

[0037] The hot blast furnace 8 can be made of common products and can be installed in various locations. The example in the figure is installed below the kettle. Its heat energy raw material can be fuel oil, which is burned and then sent to the heating chamber through a pipeline. In the heating chamber, the hot air is also recycled and discharged through a pipeline. Since such devices belong to the prior art, they will not be described here.

[0038] Combination Figure 5 It can be seen that the working process of this cracking furnace. For the convenience of explanation, arrows are used to represent the route of material operation in the figure, and three different arrow symbols are used to represent different materials respectively. The arrow tail end connected to the black square represents the rubber block, the arrow tail end connected to the circle represents oil and gas, and the arrow tail end connected to the colorless square represents the solid material slag after cracking. As can be seen in the figure, the rubber block in the storage bin 11 is sent to the upper cracking tube 2 through the feed port 5 under the push of the feeder, and then pushed backward by the auger 3 in the cracking tube. In this process, the oil and gas generated by the cracking of the rubber block returns to the inlet end and enters the oil and gas recovery pipe 6. The remaining rubber blocks fall from the connecting pipe 7 at the tail end of the cracking tube into the cracking tube in the middle layer, and are pushed forward by the reverse auger, and the cracked oil and gas flow to the oil and gas recovery pipe at the front end and are recovered. Most of the rubber blocks that arrive at the front end of the cracking tube fall from the connecting pipe 7 to the lower cracking tube, and a small amount of rubber blocks that have not fallen fall into the lower cracking tube after arriving at the oil and gas recovery pipe. The auger of the lower cracking tube pushes the remaining rubber blocks including many cracked slags to the rear end. The oil and gas generated in this process still return to the front end and enter the oil and gas recovery pipe to be recovered. The slag material finally obtained is discharged from the slag discharge port 9 at the tail end of the lower cracking tube. The slag material mentioned here is not necessarily waste slag, but may also be some kind of solid recyclables. For tires, the main component of the slag material is carbon black, which is also an important product for tire recycling. If the waste tire is a tire with steel wire, the steel wire crushed into small sections is also in the slag material, which is also one of the target products for recycling. In order to further separate the carbon black and steel wire in the slag material, an auger pipeline is also connected below the slag discharge port of the cracking kettle. The slag material continues to be pushed forward in the pipeline, and is further cooled and screened, and most of the steel wire and carbon black are finally recovered. The solids obtained for plastics or sludge are different, and can be processed using existing technologies.

[0039] From the above, it can be seen that the most important improvement in this example is that multiple cracking tubes are installed side by side. Compared with the original cracking tube, this improvement has many advantages: first, the length of the cracking tube is greatly shortened, the requirements for the site are significantly reduced, and the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced. The length of the key component auger is also greatly shortened, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, the service life is greatly increased, and the failure rate is significantly reduced. Second, the heat supply of the cracking tube is more concentrated and easier to control. In particular, the hot air blower that provides heat energy can be below the kettle body. The heat starts from the bottom cracking tube, and the temperature in the heating chamber gradually decreases from bottom to top, so that the various components of the material are cracked in order from low to high temperature, making the cracking more sufficient, the oil and gas production is greatly increased, and the oil and gas ratio is more reasonable. Third, the front end of each cracking tube is connected to the oil and gas recovery pipe, which is equivalent to the middle section and the rear section of the original cracking tube becoming the front section, and the oil and gas can smoothly enter the recovery pipe. In particular, the middle-layer cracking tube belongs to the interval with a large gas production. In this interval, the direction of the auger's advancement, that is, the direction of material operation is the same as the direction of oil and gas operation, which is more conducive to the recovery of oil and gas. It can be seen that the cracking kettle provided in this example has substantial characteristics and progress over existing similar equipment.

[0040] Second embodiment: Based on the first embodiment, the structure of the auger is improved. Figure 6 As shown, the auger 3 in the cracking tube 2 is a shaftless auger 12. Figure 7 It can be seen that there is no central shaft in the spiral blade 13 of this auger. Only a short half shaft 14, also called end shaft, is installed at each end of the spiral blade. The half shafts at both ends rotate with the frame, and one end is driven by the motor 10. In other words, in the main working area, the auger is shaftless. Figure 8 It can be seen that the material running route does not change much after installing the shaftless auger, but the space for material movement is significantly increased, which is more conducive to the throwing and dispersion of materials, more uniform heating, and easier release of oil and gas. At the same time, the chance of material friction and entanglement is significantly reduced, the material is not easy to be blocked, the flow is smooth, the operation is more stable, and the operating cost is greatly reduced. Obviously, compared with the shaft auger, the length of the shaftless auger should not be too long. The use of this shaftless auger is inseparable from the shortening of the cracking tube length.

[0041] The third embodiment: Based on the above embodiment, the structure of the heating chamber 4 is improved. The heating chamber 4 of the cracking kettle is divided into a plurality of independent cavities by a plurality of partition plates 15, and each layer of the heating chamber has a cracking tube. Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12There are three cracking tubes in the example, arranged up and down, and each layer of cracking tubes has a heating chamber outside, with a total of three layers of heating chambers. A hot air pipe 16 and a temperature controller 17 are provided between each layer of heating chamber and the hot air furnace. The hot air pipe and temperature controller shown in the figure are only the simplest examples, and of course different devices can be used as needed. In particular, the temperature controller can adopt an automatic control device or an intelligent control device to maintain a specified temperature in the heating chamber. Since such devices are all commercially available products, they will not be described here.

[0042] It is not difficult to see that the improvement of the heating chamber layering not only has outstanding advantages compared with the existing cracking kettle, but also has obvious advantages compared with the above-mentioned embodiment. The temperature of each cracking tube can not only be controlled within a reasonable range, but also can be accurately controlled to the optimal heating rate and optimal temperature.

[0043] Take the three cracking tubes arranged up and down as shown in the attached figure as an example, and the cracking material is waste tire particles as an example. The temperature of the first cracking tube can be controlled at any value of 170-300℃, with an error of plus or minus 10℃, and the temperature can be controlled to the optimal rate to complete the preparation stage of material pyrolysis, so that the tar and some volatiles and some organic additives in the waste tire particles with a lower reaction rate can be fully precipitated. The temperature of the second cracking tube can be controlled at any value of 295-400℃, with an error of plus or minus 8℃, so that the natural rubber is fully cracked, and the cis-butadiene rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber of the synthetic rubber begin to pyrolyze, preparing for the next cracking process. The temperature of the third cracking tube can be controlled at any value of 400-600℃, with an error of plus or minus 5℃, so that the components of the synthetic rubber, i.e., cis-butadiene rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber, are fully cracked. Thus, the best benefits of high yield, high quality, low energy consumption and low cost of components such as oil, gas and carbon black are achieved. It can be seen that the layered temperature control of the cracking tube and the heating chamber has outstanding substantive characteristics and significant progress.

Claims

1. A folded waste rubber and plastic recycling pyrolysis kettle, comprising a pyrolysis tube (2) and an oil and gas recovery tube (6), wherein the oil and gas recovery tube (6) is arranged at the front end of the pyrolysis tube (2), and a heating chamber (4) is arranged outside the pyrolysis tube (2), characterized in that: There are multiple cracking tubes (2) which are installed side by side and connected to each other. The front end of each cracking tube (2) is connected to the oil and gas recovery pipe (6).

2. The folded waste rubber and plastic recycling and cracking kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cracking tubes (2) are arranged in a vertical arrangement. The rear end of the first cracking tube (2) is connected to the rear end of the second cracking tube (2), the front end of the second cracking tube (2) is connected to the front end of the third cracking tube (2), and so on. The rear end of the last cracking tube is provided with a slag discharge port (9).

3. The folded waste rubber plastic recycling and cracking kettle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cracking tubes (2) are three in number. The rear end of the first cracking tube (2) is connected to the rear end of the second cracking tube (2) via a connecting tube (7). The front end of the second cracking tube (2) is connected to the front end of the third cracking tube (2) via a connecting tube (7). The rear end of the third cracking tube (2) is provided with a slag discharge port (9).

4. The folded waste rubber and plastic recycling and cracking kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cracking tube (2) is provided with a shaftless auger (12).

5. The folded waste rubber plastic recycling and cracking kettle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The shaftless auger (12) is surrounded by spiral plates (13), and a half shaft (14) is provided at each end of the spiral plates (13).

6. The folded waste rubber and plastic recycling and cracking kettle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating chamber (4) is divided into multiple layers, and each layer of the heating chamber (4) contains a cracking tube (2).

7. The folded waste rubber plastic recycling and cracking kettle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating chamber (4) has three layers, each layer of the heating chamber (4) has a cracking tube (2), and the three cracking tubes are arranged up and down. A hot air pipe (16) and a temperature controller (17) are provided between each layer of the heating chamber and the hot air furnace (8).

8. The folded waste rubber and plastic recycling and cracking kettle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating chamber (4) has three layers, wherein the temperature of the upper heating chamber (4) is controlled at any value between 170 and 300°C, with an error of plus or minus 10°C, the temperature of the middle cracking tube is controlled at any value between 295 and 400°C, with an error of plus or minus 8°C, and the temperature of the third cracking tube is controlled at any value between 400 and 600°C, with an error of plus or minus 5°C.

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