Unmanned aerial vehicle electronic warfare antenna zero calibration and angle measurement device

Abstract

The utility model provides a zero calibration and angle measurement device for an electronic warfare antenna of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The zero calibration and angle measurement device comprises a connecting plate, a clamp bottom plate, a connecting screw, a knurled high-head screw, a Z-shaped mounting base, an X-axis gear displacement sliding table, a sunk screw, an R-axis rotary sliding table, a micrometer, a laser transmitter, a T-shaped laser transmitter mounting seat and the like, the utility model discloses an antenna zero calibration and angle measurement device for an electronic warfare of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which aims at solving the problems of large center normal zero calibration error, low precision, difficulty in operation, difficulty in angle measurement during direction finding and positioning of an antenna and difficulty in zero calibration and angle measurement of a complex antenna array in the conventional electronic warfare of the unmanned aerial vehicle. When the method is used for unmanned aerial vehicle electronic warfare antenna ground target correction, the electronic warfare antenna center normal zero position is accurately measured, the measurement error is small, the precision is high, left and right direction angles in the normal direction of an antenna array plane can be rapidly and accurately measured, and meanwhile the method can be used for zero position calibration and angle measurement of a complex antenna array plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of direction finding and positioning accuracy technology for UAV electronic countermeasures systems, specifically to a device for zero-position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antennas. Background Technology

[0002] The self-defense electronic reconnaissance system is equipped on unmanned reconnaissance aircraft systems. Its main mission is to provide threat warnings and situational awareness to low-threat radars during UAV reconnaissance, obtain the geographical location of threat radars, and provide support for track avoidance and reconnaissance area selection. Direction finding and positioning accuracy is the most important performance indicator of the UAV self-defense electronic reconnaissance system, and one of the most critical factors affecting direction finding and positioning accuracy is electronic warfare antenna calibration. Electronic warfare antenna calibration mainly involves completing antenna null calibration and angle measurement; currently, this is done through calibration mirrors and ground-based testing equipment. Antenna null calibration begins with one person crouching on the aircraft's belly, holding the calibration scope and positioning it precisely at the center normal of the electronic warfare antenna, ensuring no movement whatsoever. Another person observes the target 30-60 meters directly in front through the calibration scope, ensuring no visual discrepancies. Then, another person assists in positioning the simulator along the antenna normal, ensuring the simulator's position aligns with the target observed by the calibration scope. Once the simulator's position is confirmed, the calibration scope is detached, and the simulator emits electromagnetic signals. Ground-based detection equipment measures the antenna angle null error, calculates the antenna phase center error, and corrects it. Antenna angle measurement involves roughly estimating the angle by moving the simulator left or right relative to the antenna center normal. An electromagnetic signal is then emitted 30-60 meters from the front of the antenna, and the accuracy of the antenna direction-finding angle is checked using ground-based detection equipment or a ground control station. Two problems exist in antenna null calibration and angle measurement. First, during antenna null calibration, even slight movement by the person holding the calibration scope on the aircraft belly, or slight deviation in the observation of the target through the calibration scope, will inevitably cause deviation in the simulator placement. To find the accurate simulator placement position, the person holding the calibration scope and the person observing the target must squat on the aircraft belly and hold the target up for about 3 minutes. Since people cannot hold the target up for extended periods, several operators often need to take turns. Different operators may place the calibration scope in different positions, and the person observing the target will not be in the same position as the former, inevitably causing simulator placement deviation. Inaccurate simulator placement will significantly affect subsequent aircraft antenna calibration, resulting in low accuracy and even failing to meet minimum technical requirements, while wasting manpower and time. Second, during antenna angle measurement, the selected simulator position is unclear. Checking the antenna direction-finding angle through ground detection equipment or the ground control station can only observe whether the antenna angle changes and roughly determine whether the angle direction is consistent, but cannot determine the direction-finding angle error value. Therefore, a device capable of high-precision measurement and meeting the requirements of zero-position calibration and angle measurement of complex antenna arrays has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a device for zero-position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antenna. It is used for accurate measurement of the zero position of the center normal of the electronic warfare antenna during ground target calibration of UAV electronic warfare antenna. The measurement error is small and the accuracy is high. It can also quickly and accurately measure the left and right azimuth angles in the normal direction of the antenna array. At the same time, it can also be used for zero-position calibration and angle measurement of complex antenna arrays.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A device for zero-position calibration and angle measurement of an electronic warfare antenna for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) includes:

[0006] The R-axis rotary slide has a rotating platform with scale lines.

[0007] An X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide is provided with a slider; a long strip base is also provided on the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide, and scale lines are provided on the long strip base.

[0008] Z-shaped mounting base, wherein the Z-shaped mounting base is provided with an arc groove, and an angle scale line is engraved in the arc groove;

[0009] A T-shaped laser emitter mounting base is fixedly connected to the rotating platform, the slider, and the Z-shaped mounting base. The center mark of the T-shaped laser emitter mounting base is aligned with the 0-position scale line of the long base on the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide and with the 0-position scale line of the rotating platform on the R-axis rotary slide. A switch is also provided inside the T-shaped laser emitter mounting base, and a laser emitter is installed at its end. Current flows between the switch and the laser emitter.

[0010] The second countersunk screw connects and fixes the T-shaped laser emitter mounting base to the rotating platform.

[0011] The first countersunk screw connects and fixes the T-shaped laser emitter mounting base to the slider.

[0012] The third countersunk screw connects and fixes the T-shaped laser emitter mounting base to the Z-shaped mounting base, ensuring that the center mark of the T-shaped laser emitter mounting base is aligned with the 0-position scale line of the long base on the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide and with the 0-position scale line of the rotating platform on the R-axis rotary slide.

[0013] The connecting plate is fixed to the base plate of the fixture by a fourth countersunk screw;

[0014] Knurled head screws are used to connect and fix the Z-shaped mounting base to the connecting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, three knurled head screws are provided. The Z-shaped mounting base has a first hole, a second short arc groove, and a third long arc groove. The knurled head screws are connected to the first hole, the second short arc groove, and the third long arc groove, respectively. The third long arc groove is marked with an angle scale line centered on the position of the first knurled head screw, which can realize the up and down angle adjustment of the central optical axis of the laser emitter. During the initial connection, the third knurled head screw should be aligned with the 0 position on the scale of the Z-shaped mounting base.

[0016] Furthermore, the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide also includes an adjustment button, a rack, and a locking device. The rack is installed at both ends of the long base. The adjustment button passes through the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide and is connected to the slider. The locking device passes through the slider and is connected to the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide. Both the long base and the slider have scale lines, which can realize the displacement and measurement of the laser emitter.

[0017] Furthermore, the R-axis rotary slide also includes a disc base, a base scale, a rotating handle, a coarse and fine adjustment switching screw, and a locking screw. The disc base is fixedly installed on the R-axis rotary slide; the base scale is fixedly installed on the disc base; the locking screw is fixedly connected to the base scale; the rotating handle is rotatably connected to the rotary platform; the rotary platform has angle markings, which can realize the rotation and angle measurement of the laser emitter.

[0018] Furthermore, a rubber pad is provided on the back of the fixture base plate, and a connecting screw is also connected to the fixture base plate; to prevent damage to the antenna array absorbing material when it is attached to the antenna array.

[0019] Furthermore, the first countersunk screw is an M3*10 Phillips head countersunk screw, and four of them are provided; the second countersunk screw is an M3*10 Phillips head countersunk screw, and four of them are provided; the third countersunk screw is an M4*10 Phillips head countersunk screw; and the fourth countersunk screw is an M5*20 Phillips head countersunk screw. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a left-side view of the structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] The following components are shown in the diagram: 1-Connecting plate, 2-Clamp base plate, 3-Connecting screw, 4-Knurled high-head screw, 5-Long base, 6-Slider, 7-Base scale, 8-Disc base, 9-Micrometer head, 10-Rotating handle, 11-Rotating platform, 12-Coarse / fine adjustment switching screw, 13-Locking screw, 14-Locking device, 15-Switch, 16-T-type laser emitter mounting base, 17-Laser emitter, 18-Adjustment knob, 19-Z-type mounting base, 20-Fourth countersunk screw, 21-Rubber pad, 22-Micrometer, 23-High-head screw, 24-Rack, 25-Third countersunk screw, 26-First countersunk screw, 27-Second countersunk screw. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further illustrate the concept of this utility model, the following will describe it in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are merely illustrative and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All technologies implemented based on the content of this utility model are covered within the scope of protection intended by this utility model.

[0026] like Figure 1-3As shown, this utility model is a zero-position calibration and angle measurement device for an electronic warfare antenna of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The assembly of the measuring device involves installing the laser emitter 17 and switch 15 inside a T-shaped laser emitter mounting base 16. The T-shaped laser emitter mounting base 16 is then sequentially connected and fixed to the rotating platform 11 on the R-axis rotary slide using four second countersunk screws 27. Next, it is connected and fixed to the slider 6 on the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide using four first countersunk screws 26, and finally connected and fixed to the Z-shaped mounting base 19 using a third countersunk screw 25. All mounting holes are precision-machined on a CNC machine tool to ensure that the center mark of the T-shaped laser emitter base 16 is aligned with the 0-position scale line of the long base 5 on the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide, the 0-position scale line of the rotating platform 11 on the R-axis rotary slide, and the center circular hole of the laser emitter 17. The X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide has a travel of 55 mm to the left and right. The R-axis rotary slide has a coarse adjustment of 360° and a fine adjustment of ±5°, with a minimum scale of 5′. The connecting plate 1 and the fixture base plate 2 are fixedly installed using the fourth countersunk screw 20. Then, the Z-shaped mounting base 19 on the two assembled components is connected to the connecting plate 1 using knurled head screws 4. There are 3 knurled head screws 4 on the connecting plate 1, which are connected to the first hole, the second short arc groove, and the third long arc groove on the Z-shaped mounting base, respectively. The third long arc groove is marked with an angle line centered on the position of the first knurled head screw. When connecting for the first time, the third knurled head screw should be aligned with the 0 position on the scale of the Z-shaped mounting base 19. At this time, a measuring device is assembled.After assembly, the fixture base plate 2 of the measuring device is placed at the antenna array position. The fixture base plate 2 is adjusted and installed to the fixing holes on the edge of the antenna array using connecting screws 3. An adhesive pad 21 is attached to the back of the fixture base plate 2 to prevent damage to the antenna array when it is in contact with it. Finally, the laser emitter 17 is adjusted to be parallel to the horizontal plane of the aircraft by rotating the Z-shaped mounting base 19 up and down. It is then tightened with knurled head screws 4, and the rotation angle value is read. The X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide of the device consists of an adjustment knob 18, a long base 5, a slider 6, a rack 24, and a locking device 14. The long base 5 and slider 6 have scale lines to realize the displacement and measurement of the laser emitter 17. The R-axis rotary slide of the device consists of a rotary platform 11, a disc base 8, a base scale 7, a rotary handle 10, a coarse and fine adjustment switching screw 12, a micrometer 22, a micrometer head 9, and a lock. The device consists of screws 13, etc., and a rotating platform 11 with angle markings, which enables the rotation of the laser emitter 17 and angle measurement. The size of the fixture base plate 2 on the device is designed according to the antenna array with different shapes. The installation of accessories ensures that the central optical axis of the laser emitter 17 coincides with the normal of the center line of the antenna array in a symmetrical manner. When measuring the antenna angle, the point coordinates of the laser head's emitted light source will not be completely against the antenna array, but will be at a certain distance. When the laser head rotates left and right, the origin of the emitted laser will be displaced, and the origin error caused by the lateral displacement must be compensated. When the laser head rotates up and down, it will also produce displacement in the front-back and up-down directions. The displacement in the up-down direction has little impact on zero-position calibration and direction finding and can be ignored, but the front-back displacement value must be considered because the lateral displacement value generated when the laser origin rotates left and right is determined by the distance from the laser origin to the antenna array. However, when calibrating the same type of aircraft antenna, the horizontal angle of the antenna array relative to the aircraft is fixed. The front-to-back distance generated by the up-and-down rotation of the laser head can also be determined in one go. Once the front-to-back distance is determined, the ratio between the left and right rotation angles of the antenna and the lateral displacement can be determined. Ultimately, the antenna center normal position angle can be measured quickly and accurately.

[0027] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0028] (1) After the aircraft is leveled, the assembled electronic warfare antenna zero-position calibration and measurement device is installed at the existing screw hole position on the edge of the aircraft antenna array through the connecting screws 3 on its fixture base plate 2.

[0029] (2) Rotate the laser emitter 17 up and down by the Z-type mounting base 19 to make the central optical axis of the laser emitter 17 basically parallel to the horizontal plane of the aircraft, and fix it with knurled head screws 4.

[0030] (3) Move the slider 6 on the X-axis rack and pinion displacement slide by adjusting the knob 18 so that the 0 mark on the slider 6 is aligned with the 0 mark on the long base 5 and locked with the locking device 14.

[0031] (4) Rotate the rotating platform 11 by rotating the handle 10 so that its 0 mark is rotated to the position of the 0 mark on the base scale 7. Then switch to fine adjustment mode by using the coarse and fine adjustment switching screw 12. Use the micrometer head 9 on the micrometer 22 to precisely adjust the 0 mark on the rotating platform 11 so that its 0 mark is precisely aligned with the 0 mark on the base scale 7. Then lock it with the locking screw 13.

[0032] (5) Turn on switch 15 on laser transmitter 17. The laser beam is emitted. Determine the placement position of the simulator based on the light spot emitted by the laser transmitter at a distance of 30-60 meters directly in front of the antenna surface.

[0033] (6) Remove the zero-position calibration and angle measurement device of the electronic warfare antenna, lay down the absorbing material, connect the ground detection equipment, and power on the electronic warfare system;

[0034] (7) Turn on the simulator to transmit electromagnetic waves, which are received by the aircraft antenna. The antenna angle zero error is measured by the ground detection equipment, the antenna phase center error is calculated, and it is corrected.

[0035] (8) After the correction is completed, a recalibration is carried out, namely, the measurement of the zero position and angle of the electronic warfare antenna. The zero position calibration and measurement device of the electronic warfare antenna is reinstalled at the existing screw hole position on the edge of the aircraft antenna array.

[0036] (9) Rotate the rotating platform 11 by rotating the handle 10, select the angle to be measured, usually 0°±5°, ±10°, ±20°, ±30°, ±45° so that the corresponding angle scale line is rotated to the 0 scale line on the base scale 7, and then switch to fine adjustment mode by using the coarse and fine adjustment switching screw 12. Use the micrometer head 9 on the micrometer 22 to precisely adjust the corresponding angle scale line on the rotating platform 11 so that the corresponding angle scale line on the rotating platform 11 is precisely aligned with the 0 scale line on the base scale 7, and lock it with the locking screw 13.

[0037] (10) Move the slider 6 on the X-axis rack and pinion slide by adjusting the knob 18 so that the 0 mark on the slider 6 is aligned with the stroke mark on the X-axis rack and pinion slide, and lock it with the locking device 14.

[0038] (11) Repeat the above steps at the measured angles of 0°, ±5°, ±10°, ±20°, ±30°, and ±45° respectively;

[0039] (12) After the measurement is completed, remove the electronic warfare antenna measuring device, remove the absorbing material, disconnect the ground detection equipment, and power down the electronic warfare system;

[0040] (13) If you want to calibrate the zero position and angle measurement of electronic warfare antennas with different shapes, you need to replace the fixture base plate 2. The operation method is the same.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for zero position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antenna, characterized in that: include: An R-axis rotating slide, wherein a rotating platform (11) is provided on the R-axis rotating slide, and scale lines are provided on the rotating platform (11); An X-axis rack displacement slide, wherein a slider (6) is arranged on the X-axis rack displacement slide; an elongated base (5) is also arranged on the X-axis rack displacement slide, and a scale mark is arranged on the elongated base (5); A Z-shaped mounting base (19), wherein the Z-shaped mounting base (19) is provided with an arc groove, and an angle scale line is engraved in the arc groove; A T-shaped laser emitter mounting seat (16), wherein the T-shaped laser emitter mounting seat (16) is fixedly connected to the rotating platform (11), the slider (6), and the Z-shaped mounting base (19), respectively; a center mark line of the T-shaped laser emitter mounting seat (16) is aligned with a 0-position scale line of the long base (5) on the X-axis rack displacement slide, and is aligned with a 0-position scale line of the rotating platform (11) on the R-axis rotating slide; a switch (15) is further provided in the T-shaped laser emitter mounting seat (16), and a laser emitter (17) is further installed at an end position thereof, and current flows between the switch (15) and the laser emitter (17); a second countersunk screw (27), the second countersunk screw (27) connecting and fixing the T-shaped laser transmitter mounting seat (16) to the rotating platform (11); a first countersunk screw (26), the first countersunk screw (26) connecting and fixing the T-shaped laser transmitter mounting seat (16) and the sliding block (6); a third countersunk screw (25), the third countersunk screw (25) connecting and fixing the T-shaped laser transmitter mounting seat (16) and the Z-shaped mounting base (19); A connecting plate (1), wherein the connecting plate (1) is fixedly connected to the fixture bottom plate (2) via a fourth countersunk screw (20); A knurled high head screw (4), wherein the knurled high head screw (4) connects and fixes the Z-shaped mounting base (19) to the connecting plate (1).

2. The device for zero position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knurled high head screws (4) are provided with three pieces, the Z-shaped mounting base (19) is provided with a first hole position, a second short circular arc groove, and a third long circular arc groove, the knurled high head screws (4) are respectively connected to the first hole position, the second short circular arc groove, and the third long circular arc groove, and the third long circular arc groove is marked with an angular scale line with the position of the first knurled high head screw as the center of the circle.

3. The device for zero-position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis rack displacement slide also includes an adjustment button (18), a rack (24), and a locking device (14); the rack (24) is mounted on both ends of the long base (5); the adjustment button (18) passes through the X-axis rack displacement slide and is connected to the slider (6); the locking device (14) passes through the slider (6) and is connected to the X-axis rack displacement slide.

4. The device for zero position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The R-axis rotary slide also includes a disc base (8), a base scale (7), a rotating handle (10), a coarse and fine adjustment switching screw (12), and a locking screw (13); the disc base (8) is fixedly mounted on the R-axis rotary slide; the base scale (7) is fixedly mounted on the disc base (8); the locking screw (13) is fixedly connected to the base scale (7); and the rotating handle (10) is rotatably connected to the rotary platform (11).

5. The device for zero position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber pad (21) is provided on the back of the clamp bottom plate (2), and connecting screws (3) are also connected to the clamp bottom plate (2).

6. The device for zero position calibration and angle measurement of UAV electronic warfare antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first countersunk screw (26) is an M3*10 cross countersunk screw, of which four are provided; the second countersunk screw (27) is an M3*10 cross countersunk screw, of which four are provided; the third countersunk screw (25) is an M4*10 cross countersunk screw; and the fourth countersunk screw (20) is an M5*20 cross countersunk screw.

Images