High-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber

Abstract

A high-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber relates to the field of combustor structures. Comprising a laminar flame combustion furnace, a combustion chamber bottom plate and a hyperbaric chamber. The high-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber is vertically arranged, the laminar flame combustion furnace is located at the bottom, and the upper portion of the laminar flame combustion furnace is connected with a combustion chamber bottom plate, fixed through bolts and sealed through a graphite gasket. The combustion chamber bottom plate and the combustion chamber hyperbaric cabin are connected, fixed through bolts and sealed through graphite gaskets; a visual window and a blind plate are designed on the side wall of the hyperbaric cabin, so that various contact and non-contact measurement technologies can be butted; an ignition pressure relief blind plate is further arranged, so that ignition can be carried out in a hyperbaric cabin, and sustainable combustion is guaranteed; according to the utility model, laminar flame which stably burns in a high-pressure environment can be created, and the temperature of laminar heat insulation flame is controlled by accurately regulating and controlling the flow of fuel and oxidant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of burner structures, in particular to a high-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber for calibration. Background Art

[0002] In the process of industry and scientific research, temperature is one of the important parameters that need to be measured and controlled. The accuracy of its measurement and control directly affects the production and research conditions. When the temperature measurement error is large, it may cause inaccurate temperature measurement and control in the production process, resulting in low production efficiency and unqualified products; in severe cases, it may cause equipment failure and safety accidents. When the temperature measurement and control are not accurate enough, it often causes large errors in the experiment and leads to wrong conclusions. It can be seen that temperature plays an extremely important role in combustion experimental research.

[0003] In the field of combustion measurement, temperature measurement methods can be divided into contact type (such as thermocouple temperature measurement) and non-contact type (such as CARS temperature measurement). However, various measurement methods must be calibrated for temperature measurement accuracy before they are put into use. At present, the commonly used calibration method is to irradiate the laser onto the flame generated by the laminar flow burner, analyze the temperature of the flame based on the spectrum of flame scattering, and then compare the measured temperature with the flame equilibrium temperature to analyze the measurement accuracy of the laser temperature measurement device. The premise of this method is to assume that the flame generated by the laminar flow burner is uniform and adiabatically balanced. Although there is a certain deviation from the actual situation, it has achieved good results in many calibration experiments.

[0004] Current research is based on normal pressure to study the flame distribution and related calibration of different fuels. There is a lack of a laminar flame experimental platform that can meet the high-pressure environment, and with the continuous advancement of various measurement technologies, new requirements are put forward for temperature measurement in high-pressure environments. Therefore, the utility model designs a high-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber that can support gas analysis, thermocouples, planar laser induced fluorescence and other testing technologies for measurement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art. It can create a laminar adiabatic flame in an environment of 0.1-3MPa, and achieve precise control of the flame temperature by controlling the flow rate of fuel and oxidant, so as to solve the current problem of difficult temperature calibration in a high-pressure environment, and support contact and non-contact temperature measurement technology.

[0006] The utility model is placed vertically, and comprises a laminar flame combustion furnace, a combustion chamber bottom plate, and a high-pressure chamber;

[0007] The laminar flame combustion furnace is at the bottom, and the upper part of the laminar flame combustion furnace is connected to the combustion chamber bottom plate and fixed by bolts, and sealed by a graphite gasket; the combustion chamber bottom plate is located under the combustion chamber high pressure cabin, and the two are connected and fixed by bolts, and sealed by a graphite gasket;

[0008] There are three ferrule joints on the side of the laminar flow flame combustion furnace for connecting with the gas supply pipeline. The three-way gas enters three independent cavities in the laminar flow flame combustion furnace. Each cavity includes a large number of small-diameter pipelines for gas to flow into the high-pressure chamber;

[0009] The outlets at the top of the laminar flame combustion furnace are in the form of two rectangular areas, the oxidant outlets and the fuel outlets are alternately distributed in a honeycomb pattern, forming an internal rectangular combustion area as a whole, and the outer area is the wake area, which is composed of wake outlets.

[0010] Four dilution gas inlets are evenly distributed at the bottom of the combustion chamber floor, which are fixed and sealed with the gas supply pipeline through threaded connection. The combustion chamber floor contains a dilution gas cavity, which is connected to the inside of the high-pressure cabin through a dilution gas outlet pipeline. A dilution gas outlet is provided on the side where the combustion chamber floor is connected to the high-pressure cabin, and the dilution gas outlets are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the combustion chamber floor.

[0011] The lower part of the hyperbaric chamber includes 4 visual observation windows, which are built with JGS1 or JGS2 quartz glass to facilitate observation and optical measurement; 2 large observation windows are symmetrically distributed, and 2 small observation windows are symmetrically distributed. The observation windows are built with quartz glass and can be connected to various non-contact measurement technologies.

[0012] The quartz glass is located in the window opening on the high-pressure chamber, sealed above and below by graphite gaskets, and fixed to the high-pressure chamber by a glass cover and bolts.

[0013] Blind plates are distributed on the four sides of the high-pressure chamber. The blind plates are divided into first blind plates and second blind plates according to their properties. The blind plates are fixed to the sides of the high-pressure chamber by threads, and the seal is ensured by copper gaskets. The blind plates can be subjected to secondary processing such as drilling and welding, so that the blind plates can be connected to sensors, valves, sampling rods, etc. with various interfaces. The first blind plates and second blind plates with different properties can provide more options for secondary processing.

[0014] There are two first blind plates, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the high-pressure chamber. The first blind plates are connected to the side notches of the high-pressure chamber and fixed by bolts and sealed by copper washers.

[0015] There are two second blind plates, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the high-pressure chamber. The second blind plates are connected to the side notches of the high-pressure chamber and fixed by bolts and sealed by copper washers.

[0016] The first blind plate and the second blind plate symmetrically distributed on the side wall of the high-pressure cabin can be connected to various contact measurement technologies, valves, sensors, etc. The first blind plate and the second blind plate can be customized and reprocessed, and the thermocouple probe and the exhaust gas analysis sampling rod can be fixed to the blind plate by welding or threaded connection and work.

[0017] The high-pressure chamber is also equipped with an ignition pressure relief blind plate, which should be replaced with the second blind plate before high-pressure ignition. The ignition pressure relief blind plate is connected to the high-temperature sealing valve through threads. The sealing valve can reduce the gas impact generated during ignition to ensure that the flame can burn continuously during the ignition stage;

[0018] Two igniter interfaces are symmetrically distributed on the side wall of the high-pressure chamber. The igniter interfaces are used to connect the igniter gun head. The igniter interface and the igniter gun head are fixed by threaded connection and sealed by raw tape and copper gasket. The ignition distance is controlled by replacing igniter gun heads of different lengths.

[0019] A side wall sensor interface is designed on the upper part of the side wall of the high-pressure chamber. The sensor interface can be threadedly connected to various sensors to achieve the measurement of temperature, pressure and other parameters, including temperature sensors, high-frequency pressure sensors, etc.; the sensor is threadedly connected to the interface and sealed with raw tape and copper gaskets.

[0020] A combustion chamber outlet is designed on the top of the high-pressure cabin, and the combustion chamber outlet is used to connect to an external exhaust gas treatment system; the exhaust gas treatment system is threadedly connected to the outlet and sealed with raw tape and high-temperature sealant.

[0021] A top sensor interface is provided on the top of the high-pressure chamber, and the top sensor interface can be threadedly connected to the temperature sensor to measure the combustion chamber outlet temperature; the sensor is threadedly connected to the interface and sealed with a raw tape and a copper gasket.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0023] 1. The high-pressure chamber designed in the utility model can create a laminar flame under a high-pressure environment, providing a new technical solution for temperature calibration under a high-pressure environment.

[0024] 2. The visualization window of the utility model is made of quartz glass, which has good light transmittance, and can facilitate the test personnel to monitor the flame shape in real time, and can also connect with various advanced optical measurement methods to measure the flame parameters.

[0025] 3. The utility model designs blind plates of different sizes on the side wall of the high-pressure cabin. By reprocessing the blind plates, various contact measurement methods can be connected, including but not limited to thermocouples, exhaust gas analysis, etc., and ignition pressure relief blind plates are formed by reprocessing the blind plates, which can ensure sustainable flame combustion during the ignition stage.

[0026] 4. The utility model designs a dilution gas chamber at the bottom of the laboratory. During the experiment, the dilution gas is introduced to effectively reduce the water vapor content in the combustion chamber and prevent the water vapor from condensing into water droplets on the wall and quartz glass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part F.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a top view of a half-section of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part E of .

[0032] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ignition pressure relief blind plate according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] The marks in the figure are: 1 laminar flame combustion furnace, 2 combustion chamber bottom plate, 3 high pressure chamber, 4 fuel inlet, 5 oxidant inlet, 6 wake gas inlet, 7 combustion furnace-bottom plate fixing bolts, 8 dilution gas inlet, 9 bottom plate-high pressure chamber fixing bolts, 10 large window glass cover, 11 first blind plate, 12 side wall sensor interface, 13 second blind plate, 14 igniter interface, 15 small window glass cover, 16 fuel cavity, 17 fuel outlet pipeline, 18 oxidant cavity, 19 oxidant outlet pipeline, 20 wake cavity, 21 wake outlet pipeline, 22 combustion chamber outlet, 23 observation window, 24 dilution gas outlet pipeline, 25 dilution gas cavity, 26 fuel outlet, 27 oxidant outlet, 28 wake outlet, 29 top sensor interface, 30 dilution gas outlet, 31 ignition pressure relief blind plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6The high-pressure laminar flow combustion chamber described in the embodiment of the utility model comprises a laminar flow flame combustion furnace 1, a combustion chamber bottom plate 2 and a high-pressure cabin 3; the high-pressure laminar flow combustion chamber is placed vertically, the laminar flow flame combustion furnace 1 is arranged below the combustion chamber bottom plate 2, the laminar flow flame combustion furnace 1 is connected to the combustion chamber bottom plate 2 and fixed by the combustion furnace-bottom plate fixing bolts 7, and can be sealed by a graphite gasket. The combustion chamber bottom plate 2 is below the high-pressure cabin 3, the combustion chamber bottom plate 2 is connected to the high-pressure cabin 3 and fixed by the bottom plate-high-pressure cabin fixing bolts 9, and is sealed by a graphite gasket.

[0036] The laminar flame combustion furnace 1 includes three cavities, namely a fuel cavity 16, an oxidant cavity 18 and a wake cavity 20; the three cavities are independent of each other, and three ferrule joints are provided on the side of the laminar flame combustion furnace 1 for connecting with the gas supply pipeline. The three gases respectively enter the three independent cavities in the laminar flame combustion furnace. An outlet is provided at the top of the laminar flame combustion furnace, which are connected to the interior of the high-pressure chamber through the fuel outlet pipeline 17, the oxidant outlet pipeline 19 and the wake outlet pipeline 21 respectively.

[0037] The outlets at the top of the laminar flame combustion furnace 1 are in the form of two rectangular areas, which are distributed inside and outside the two rectangular areas. The inner rectangle is the combustion area, and the outer torch shape is the wake area; the oxidant outlet 27 and the fuel outlet 26 are distributed in a honeycomb shape, forming an inner rectangular combustion area as a whole; the wake area is provided with a wake outlet 28. Through such a distribution method, the oxidant and the fuel are fully mixed, and the wake outlets 28 are distributed around the combustion area. The wake gas can isolate other components in the environment, ensuring that the equivalent ratio of the flame combustion is completely determined by the gas supply and eliminating external interference.

[0038] Four dilution gas inlets 8 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the combustion chamber bottom plate 2, and are fixed and sealed with the gas supply pipeline through threaded connection; a dilution gas cavity 25 is designed inside the combustion chamber bottom plate 2, and dilution gas outlets 30 are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the combustion chamber bottom plate 2; the dilution gas cavity 25 is connected to the inside of the high-pressure chamber 3 through the dilution gas outlet pipeline 24. During the experiment, by introducing dilution gas into the high-pressure chamber 3, the moisture inside the high-pressure chamber can be effectively reduced, and the moisture generated by combustion can be discharged in time.

[0039] An observation window 23 is distributed on each of the four sides of the hyperbaric chamber 3. The observation window 23 is made of quartz glass. The observation window 23 includes two large observation windows and two small observation windows that are symmetrically arranged. A large window glass cover plate 10 is arranged outside the large observation window, and a small window glass cover plate 15 is arranged outside the small observation window. The observation window is used to connect various optical measurement technologies.

[0040] The high-pressure chamber 3 is provided with a first blind plate 11 on one side of the large observation window and a second blind plate 13 on one side of the small observation window. Various contact and non-contact measurement technologies can be connected by reprocessing the blind plates. The first blind plate 11 and the second blind plate 13 are customized and reprocessed, and the thermocouple probe and the exhaust gas analysis sampling rod can be fixed to the blind plates by welding or threaded connection and work.

[0041] The second blind plate 13 can be replaced by an ignition pressure relief blind plate 31, which can ensure that the flame combustion is sustainable during the ignition stage when high-pressure ignition is performed. Figure 4 The ignition pressure relief blind plate 31 extends out of a stainless steel pipe, which can be threadedly connected to the high-temperature sealing valve. During ignition, since the ignition is in a high-pressure cabin, a shock wave will be generated at the moment of ignition. The shock wave will affect the flow of the incoming fuel, causing the fuel flow to fluctuate in a short period of time, thereby causing the combustion to be discontinuous (especially for fuels with a low flame propagation speed). Therefore, before ignition in the high-pressure cabin, the high-temperature sealing valve needs to be opened so that the shock wave can rush to the outside world through the ignition pressure relief blind plate 31 in time to ensure that the flame can burn continuously during the ignition stage.

[0042] An igniter interface 14 is provided on the side of the high-pressure chamber 3 for the docking igniter head, which emits a high-voltage arc to ignite the flame. The igniter interface 14 and the igniter head can be fixed by threaded connection, sealed by raw tape and copper gasket, and the ignition distance can be controlled by replacing igniter heads of different lengths.

[0043] The high-pressure chamber 3 is provided with a side wall sensor interface 12 and a top sensor interface 29 for connecting various sensors. The sensor and the sensor interface can be connected by threads and sealed by raw tape and copper gaskets. Various sensors are connected to achieve the measurement of parameters such as temperature and pressure, including temperature sensors, high-frequency pressure sensors, etc.

[0044] A combustion chamber outlet 22 is provided on the top of the high-pressure chamber 3, and the exhaust gas treatment system is threadedly connected to the combustion chamber outlet 22 and is sealed by raw tape and high-temperature sealant.

[0045] Combined with the accompanying drawings, the method of using the utility model is as follows:

[0046] (1) Before use, firstly connect the contact measurement technology and the non-contact measurement technology with the high-pressure laminar flow combustion chamber according to the experimental requirements, and briefly describe the connection method of some measurement methods with the high-pressure laminar flow flame combustion chamber.

[0047] A. Gas analysis and measurement technology. The flue gas sampling rod samples the high-temperature flue gas in the high-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber and transmits the sample to the gas analyzer for measurement in real time to achieve gas analysis and measurement. The first blind plate 11 is drilled according to the shape of the flue gas sampling rod, and the flue gas sampling rod and the first blind plate 11 are fixed by welding to achieve the collection of high-temperature flue gas, and flue gas analysis can be performed on different measurement points by changing the drilling position.

[0048] B. Thermocouple measurement technology. The thermocouple is in direct contact with the high-temperature flame. After the thermocouple junction reaches a thermal equilibrium state, the thermocouple potential difference is measured to achieve thermocouple temperature measurement. The first blind plate 11 is drilled according to the shape of the thermocouple, and the thermocouple and the first blind plate 11 are fixed by welding to achieve the temperature measurement of the high-temperature flame, and the temperature measurement of different measurement points can be achieved by changing the drilling position.

[0049] C. Planar laser induced fluorescence technology. Planar laser induced fluorescence requires a laser to emit laser light to the target to be measured, an imaging system to capture the fluorescent photons emitted by the target to be measured, and a timing synchronization controller to ensure the synchronous operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange the optical path and the imaging system to realize the planar laser induced fluorescence technology. By adjusting the position and emission angle of the laser, it is ensured that the laser emitted by the laser can accurately excite the high-pressure laminar flame after passing through the small window glass cover plate 15, and the imaging system captures the fluorescent photons emitted by the high-pressure laminar flame through the large window glass cover plate 10.

[0050] (2) Before use, connect the gas supply pipeline, the exhaust gas treatment system and the high-pressure laminar flow combustion chamber, replace the second blind plate 13 with the ignition pressure relief blind plate 31, connect the ignition pressure relief blind plate and the high-temperature sealing valve through threads and ensure sealing, open the high-temperature sealing valve before ignition, and close the high-temperature sealing valve after ignition is successful; connect sensors, valves and other electrical components to the control system.

[0051] (3) Fuel is introduced into the fuel inlet 4, and oxidant is introduced into the oxidant inlet 5, and the fuel and oxidant are maintained at a suitable ratio. The igniter is activated, and the ignition gun head connected to the igniter interface 14 discharges and ignites the flame.

[0052] (4) Pass the wake gas into the wake gas inlet 6 to isolate the flame from the external environment; continuously adjust the ratio and flow rate of fuel and oxidant to a condition where the flame is stable and suitable for measurement; pass the dilution gas into the dilution gas inlet 8 to accelerate the speed at which the water generated by the combustion is discharged from the high-pressure chamber.

[0053] (5) If it is necessary to conduct measurements under high pressure, the outlet valve opening of the exhaust gas treatment system is reduced on the basis of step (3) so that the pressure in the high pressure chamber continues to rise. Based on the pressure increase, the gas flow rate and ratio through the fuel inlet 4 and the oxidant inlet 5 are adjusted to ensure that the flame is in a continuous combustion state until the pressure in the high pressure chamber reaches the set pressure.

[0054] (6) Increase the gas flow rate into the accompanying gas inlet 6 and the gas flow rate into the dilution gas inlet 8; continuously adjust the ratio and flow rate of the fuel and the oxidant to a condition where the flame is stable and suitable for measurement.

[0055] (7) Various parameters of the combustion chamber are collected through the collection device until ideal data are obtained.

[0056] (8) First close the fuel inlet 4, then close the oxidant inlet 5, the accompanying gas inlet 6, and the dilution gas inlet 8. After the pressure in the high-pressure laminar flow combustion chamber drops to normal pressure and the temperature drops to room temperature, the high-pressure laminar flow combustion chamber is cleaned and maintained on a daily basis.

[0057] The utility model is a high-pressure laminar flame combustion chamber. Compared with the normal-pressure flame combustion chamber, it has overcome the following technical difficulties: ① Successfully ignites a small fuel flow in the cavity, and the flame can burn continuously. ② Solve the difficulty of preventing high-temperature water vapor from condensing into water droplets in the high-pressure chamber, which hinders the optical measurement technology. ③ Under high-pressure environment, it can be compatible with various contact measurement technologies and non-contact measurement technologies. ④ It can create high-pressure laminar adiabatic flames of various fuels, providing a new high-pressure and high-temperature calibration technology for the field of temperature calibration and concentration calibration.

[0058] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of application of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. High pressure laminar flame combustion chamber, characterized by It is placed vertically and includes a laminar flame combustion furnace, a combustion chamber bottom plate and a high-pressure chamber; The laminar flame combustion furnace is arranged below the bottom plate of the combustion chamber, and the laminar flame combustion furnace is sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the combustion chamber; The combustion chamber bottom plate is arranged below the high pressure cabin, and the combustion chamber bottom plate is sealed and fixedly connected to the high pressure cabin; The laminar flow flame combustion furnace includes three independent cavities, namely a fuel cavity, an oxidant cavity and a wake cavity; three ferrule joints are provided on the side of the laminar flow flame combustion furnace for connecting with the gas supply pipeline, and three-way gas enters the three independent cavities in the laminar flow flame combustion furnace; an outlet is provided on the top of the laminar flow flame combustion furnace, which is connected to the inside of the high-pressure chamber through the fuel outlet pipeline, the oxidant outlet pipeline and the wake outlet pipeline respectively; A dilution gas cavity is provided inside the combustion chamber bottom plate, a dilution gas inlet is provided on the combustion chamber bottom plate, a dilution gas outlet is provided on the side where the combustion chamber bottom plate is connected to the high-pressure cabin, and the dilution gas cavity is connected to the interior of the high-pressure cabin through a dilution gas outlet pipeline; Observation windows are distributed on all four sides of the hyperbaric chamber, and quartz glass is built into the observation windows to facilitate observation and optical measurement; Blind plates are distributed on four sides of the hyperbaric chamber, and the blind plates are sealed and fixedly connected to the sides of the hyperbaric chamber; The high-pressure chamber side wall is symmetrically distributed with an igniter interface and a sensor interface. The igniter interface is used to connect an igniter gun head, and the ignition distance is controlled by replacing igniter gun heads of different lengths; the sensor interface is used to be threadedly connected with a temperature sensor and a high-frequency pressure sensor to achieve temperature and pressure measurement; The top of the high-pressure chamber is provided with a combustion chamber outlet and a top sensor interface. The combustion chamber outlet is used for externally connecting to an exhaust gas treatment system; the top sensor interface is used for threaded connection with a temperature sensor to measure the combustion chamber outlet temperature.

2. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The laminar flame combustion furnace is fixedly connected to the combustion chamber bottom plate by combustion furnace-bottom plate fixing bolts, and the sealing is ensured by a graphite gasket.

3. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The combustion chamber bottom plate and the high-pressure cabin are fixedly connected by bottom plate-high-pressure cabin fixing bolts, and the sealing is ensured by a graphite gasket.

4. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The blind plate is divided into a first blind plate and a second blind plate according to its properties. The blind plate is fixed to the side of the high-pressure chamber by threads, and the seal is ensured by a copper gasket; the blind plate is used for connecting sensors, valves, and sampling rods of various interfaces.

5. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that The second blind plate is replaced by an ignition pressure relief blind plate, which is connected to the high-temperature sealing valve through threads to ensure sealing. Before ignition in the high-pressure cabin, the high-temperature sealing valve is opened to reduce the gas impact generated during ignition and ensure that the flame in the ignition stage can burn continuously. After successful ignition, the high-temperature sealing valve is closed.

6. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The outlets at the top of the laminar flame combustion furnace are in the form of two rectangular areas, the oxidant outlets and the fuel outlets are alternately distributed in a honeycomb pattern, forming an internal rectangular combustion area as a whole, and the outer area is the wake area, which is composed of wake outlets.

7. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The high-pressure chamber is provided with 4 visual observation windows, 2 large observation windows are symmetrically distributed, and 2 small observation windows are symmetrically distributed. Quartz glass is built into the observation windows to connect with various non-contact measurement technologies.

8. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that The quartz glass is located in the window opening on the high-pressure chamber. The upper and lower parts of the quartz glass are sealed by graphite gaskets and are fixed to the high-pressure chamber by a glass cover plate and bolts.

9. The high pressure laminar flame combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that The dilution gas outlets are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the bottom plate of the combustion chamber.

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