Simulation device for migration and diffusion of micro-plastics in soil
By designing a soil microplastic migration simulation device with a driving mechanism, the problem of uneven soil spraying in the prior art is solved, and uniform soil spraying and natural environment are realized, and microplastics are spread in the soil are promoted. research.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420744096.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing soil microplastic migration experimental device cannot achieve uniform spraying of the soil, resulting in poor ecological environment simulated rainwater erosion, and the diffusion and ecological impact of microplastics in the soil cannot be effectively studied.
A microplastic migration and diffusion simulation device in the soil was designed, adopting a box structure, including a water storage cavity, an experimental cavity and a water collection cavity. The spraying mechanism is driven to reciprocate in the experimental cavity through a driving mechanism to ensure that the spraying mechanism is Even spraying of the soil simulates rainwater erosion in the natural environment.
The uniform spraying of the soil is achieved, the ecological environment authenticity of the experiment is improved, and the study of the diffusion and ecological impact of microplastics in the soil is facilitated.
Smart Images
Figure CN222189067U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of soil microplastic migration and diffusion research, and in particular to a device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil. Background Art
[0002] Microplastics usually refer to plastic particles with a particle size of less than 5 mm. Due to the long-term use of agricultural mulch, the application of organic fertilizers and sludge, and sewage irrigation, soil has been facing a serious threat of microplastic pollution. Exogenously input microplastics can migrate from the soil surface to the soil interior under various effects such as rainwater erosion and biological action. After accumulating to a certain extent, it not only changes the mechanical properties and physical and chemical properties of the soil, threatening the balance of the soil ecosystem, but also poses a huge hidden danger to the production of crops and the safety of agricultural products. Despite this, there is still a lack of research on the distribution, migration, fate and ecological impact of microplastics in soil. When conducting a simulation experiment of microplastics through the current experimental device for soil microplastic migration, the spraying equipment for the experimental soil is mostly fixed, and the spraying range of the soil is relatively fixed, which cannot effectively ensure the uniform spraying of the experimental soil, resulting in a poor ecological environment for simulated rainwater to scour the soil. To this end, we propose a simulation device for the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil, comprising a box body, wherein the box body is provided with a water storage chamber, an experimental chamber and a water collecting chamber in sequence from top to bottom, the bottom of the water storage chamber is provided with a liquid outlet connected to the experimental chamber, the bottom of the experimental chamber is connected to the water collecting chamber, a fixing frame is fixedly installed in the experimental chamber, a simulation box is installed in the fixing frame, a water collecting box is inserted in the water collecting chamber, an installation groove is provided in the experimental chamber, a mounting frame is installed in the mounting groove, a spray mechanism is fixedly installed in the mounting frame, a driving mechanism transmission-connected to the mounting frame is embedded in the side wall of the box body, and a switch door is hinged on the front side wall of the box body.
[0005] Preferably, the number of the water storage chambers, experimental chambers and water collection chambers is at least four groups, and the four groups of water storage chambers, experimental chambers and water collection chambers are evenly distributed from left to right in the box.
[0006] Preferably, the spray mechanism includes a liquid supply pump, which is fixedly mounted on the top of a mounting frame, a nozzle is embedded in the mounting frame, a connecting hose is fixedly connected between the output end of the liquid supply pump and the liquid outlet, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the output end of the liquid supply pump and the input end of the nozzle, and the number of the spray mechanisms matches the number of experimental chambers.
[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a mounting shell, which is symmetrically formed as a whole on the left and right side walls of the box body, and the mounting shells on both sides are respectively rotatably connected with driving screws, and the rear ends of the mounting shells on both sides are embedded with driving motors, and the driving motors are fixedly connected to the ends of the driving screws, and the outer side walls of the driving screws on both sides are respectively screwed with driving blocks, and the driving blocks on both sides are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the mounting frame, and the mounting shell on the left side is fixedly equipped with a first contact switch and a second contact switch that are symmetrically distributed front and rear.
[0008] Preferably, the inner cavity of the mounting shell is fixedly equipped with a guide shaft that passes through the driving block.
[0009] Preferably, the simulation boxes penetrate each other from top to bottom, and a partition net is embedded in the inner cavity of the simulation box.
[0010] Preferably, the front side walls of the simulation box and the water collecting box are respectively provided with corresponding marking areas.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: a device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil, in which a driving mechanism is used to drive the spraying mechanism to perform reciprocating motion in the experimental chamber, and the driving mechanism adopts a synchronous driving method on both sides to make the reciprocating motion of the mounting frame installed with the spraying mechanism in the experimental chamber more stable, and the reciprocating motion of the spraying mechanism driven by the mounting frame can make the spraying mechanism evenly spray the experimental soil in the experimental chamber, so as to better simulate the natural environment of rainwater eroding the soil, and facilitate the subsequent study of the diffusion of microplastics in the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0014] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spray mechanism of the utility model.
[0015] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the utility model.
[0016] Figure 5It is a left side cross-sectional view of the installation shell of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the simulation box of the utility model.
[0018] In the figure: 1. box body; 2. water storage chamber; 21. liquid outlet; 3. experimental chamber; 31. fixing frame; 4. water collection chamber; 5. simulation box; 51. partition net; 52. first handle frame; 6. mounting slot; 7. mounting frame; 8. spray mechanism; 81. liquid supply pump; 82. nozzle; 83. connecting hose; 84. connecting pipe; 9. driving mechanism; 91. mounting shell; 92. driving screw; 93. driving motor; 94. driving block; 95. guide shaft; 96. first contact switch; 97. second contact switch; 10. water collection box; 101. second handle frame; 11. marking area; 12. switch door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0020] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The utility model provides a technical solution: a device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil, comprising a box body 1, wherein the box body 1 is provided with a water storage chamber 2, an experimental chamber 3 and a water collection chamber 4 from top to bottom, the water storage chamber 2, the experimental chamber 3 and the water collection chamber 4 are connected, and the number of the water storage chamber 2, the experimental chamber 3 and the water collection chamber 4 is at least four groups, and the four groups of water storage chambers 2, the experimental chambers 3 and the water collection chambers 4 are distributed in sequence from left to right inside the box body 1.
[0021] The water storage chamber 2 is used to store water during the simulation experiment. A liquid outlet 21 is provided at the bottom of the water storage chamber 2. The liquid outlet 21 is used to discharge the water in the water storage chamber 2. The inner cavity of the water storage chamber 2 is inclined toward the position of the liquid outlet 21, which is convenient for guiding the water in the water storage chamber 2 to the position of the liquid outlet 21, thereby avoiding the situation where the water in the water storage chamber 2 is not discharged cleanly and affects the experimental results.
[0022] A fixing frame 31 is welded and fixed in the experimental chamber 3, and the fixing frame 31 is used to place and fix the simulation box 5. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the simulation box 5 is in a through shape from top to bottom, and a partition net 51 is embedded in the inner cavity of the simulation box 5. The partition net 51 is used for storing simulated test soil. A first handle frame 52 is welded and fixed to the front side wall of the simulation box 5. The first handle frame 52 is provided to facilitate taking the simulation box 5 in the experimental cavity 3.
[0023] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the inner cavity of the box body 1 is provided with a mounting groove 6 penetrating the experimental cavity 3, and a mounting frame 7 is slidably connected in the mounting groove 6. The mounting frame 7 is used for installing and fixing a spray mechanism 8. The number of the spray mechanisms 8 matches the number of the experimental cavities 3, and the left and right side walls of the box body 1 are equipped with a driving mechanism 9 which is transmission-connected to the mounting frame 7. The driving mechanism 9 drives the mounting frame 7 to reciprocate in the front and rear directions in the experimental cavity 3, and then the water in the water storage cavity 2 is sprayed to the soil in the simulation box 5 below through the spray mechanism 8;
[0024] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in , the spray mechanism 8 includes a liquid supply pump 81, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame 7. The liquid supply pump 81 is electrically connected to an external power supply. A nozzle 82 is embedded in the mounting frame 7. The nozzle 82 adopts a nozzle with adjustable liquid flow rate and liquid pressure, which is convenient for adjusting the liquid flow rate and liquid pressure according to the needs of the simulation experiment. The input end of the liquid supply pump 81 is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting hose 83, and the other end of the connecting hose 83 is connected to the liquid outlet 21. The output end of the liquid supply pump 81 is connected to the input end of the nozzle 82 through a connecting pipe 84, and the water in the water storage chamber 2 is supplied to the nozzle 82 through the liquid supply pump 81 and sprayed downward;
[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the driving mechanism 9 includes a mounting shell 91, which is symmetrically formed on the left and right side walls of the box body 1. A driving screw 92 is rotatably connected in the mounting shell 91. The thread directions of the driving screws 92 assembled in the mounting shells 91 on both sides are the same. The rear ends of the mounting shells 91 on both sides are respectively embedded with driving motors 93. The output end of the driving motor 93 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the driving screw 92 through a coupling. The driving motors 93 in the mounting shells 91 on both sides are electrically connected to an external controller, and the output ends of the driving motors 93 on both sides are controlled by the external controller to rotate forward synchronously. Or reverse, thereby driving the driving screw 92 to rotate forward or reverse, the outer side walls of the driving screws 92 on both sides are respectively screwed with driving blocks 94, when the driving screws 92 rotate, the driving blocks 94 are driven to move in the installation shell 91, the driving blocks 94 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the installation frame 7, and the movement of the driving blocks 94 drives the installation frame 7 to reciprocate forward and backward in the experimental chamber 3, and the installation shell 91 is fixedly equipped with a guide shaft 95 that penetrates the driving block 94, and the moving stroke of the driving block 94 is limited by setting the guide shaft 95 to ensure the accurate moving stroke of the driving block 94;
[0026] A first contact switch 96 and a second contact switch 97 are fixedly installed in the mounting shell 91 and are symmetrically distributed in the front and rear. The first contact switch 96 and the second contact switch 97 are electrically connected to an external controller that controls the drive motor 93. When the drive block 94 moves from back to front and touches the second contact switch 97 on the front side, the second contact switch 97 sends an electrical signal to the external controller, and the external controller controls the output end of the drive motor 93 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the drive block 94 and the mounting frame 7 to move backward. When the drive block 94 triggers the first contact switch 96 located on the rear side, the first contact switch 96 sends an electrical signal to the external controller, and the external controller controls the output end of the drive motor 93 to reverse again, thereby driving the drive block 94 and the mounting frame 7 to move forward, thereby realizing the front and rear reciprocating motion of the mounting frame 7 in the experimental chamber 3.
[0027] A water collecting box 10 is inserted into the water collecting chamber 4. The water collecting box 10 is used to collect the liquid filtered out of the simulation box 5. A second handle frame 101 is welded and fixed to the side wall of the water collecting box 10. The second handle frame 101 is provided to facilitate pulling the water collecting box 10 in the water collecting chamber 4. The front side walls of the simulation box 5 and the water collecting box 10 are respectively provided with marking areas 11. The marking areas 11 are provided to facilitate matching the experimental samples of the simulation box 5 with those of the water collecting box 10.
[0028] The front side wall of the box body 1 is hinged with a switch door 12, which is used to close the experimental chamber 3. An observation window is embedded in the switch door 12. The observation window is made of tempered glass, so that the experimental process in the experimental chamber 3 can be observed during the experiment.
[0029] Working principle: When the device is in use, the soil with the same weight and the same content of microplastics is placed in different simulation boxes 5 respectively, and then the simulation boxes 5 are placed in the corresponding experimental chambers 3 respectively, and the water collection box 10 is inserted into the water collection chamber 4. According to the needs of the simulation experiment, different amounts of water are added to different water storage chambers 2. If the injection flow rate and injection pressure of the nozzles 82 in each spray mechanism 8 are adjusted to the same parameters, the water in the water storage chamber 2 is sprayed into the simulation box 5 below through the nozzles 82, and then the driving mechanism 9 drives the mounting frame 7 to reciprocate back and forth in the experimental chamber 3 to ensure that the spray mechanism 8 sprays water evenly on the soil in the simulation box 5. After all the storage chambers are filled with water, the spray flow rate and injection pressure of the nozzles 82 in each spray mechanism 8 are adjusted to the same parameters, and the water in the water storage chamber 2 is sprayed into the simulation box 5 below through the nozzles 82. Then, the driving mechanism 9 drives the mounting frame 7 to reciprocate back and forth in the experimental chamber 3 to ensure that the spray mechanism 8 sprays water evenly on the soil in the simulation box 5. After the water in the water cavity 2 is sprayed, the content of microplastics in the simulation box 5 and the water collecting box 10 is respectively detected, so that the influence of different amounts of water on the diffusion of microplastics in the soil can be judged. If the same amount of water is added to the water collecting box 10, the injection pressure and injection flow rate of the nozzle 82 are adjusted, and the microplastic content in the simulation box 5 and the water collecting box 10 is subsequently detected, the influence of water pressure on the diffusion of microplastics in the soil can be judged. This device can effectively simulate the situation in which rainwater erosion causes the diffusion of microplastics in the soil in a natural environment, so as to facilitate the study of the influence of microplastics on the soil environment and the damage to the soil ecology.
Claims
1. A device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The box body (1) is provided with a water storage chamber (2), an experimental chamber (3) and a water collecting chamber (4) in sequence from top to bottom; the bottom of the water storage chamber (2) is provided with a liquid outlet (21) connected to the experimental chamber (3); the bottom of the experimental chamber (3) is connected to the water collecting chamber (4); a fixing frame (31) is fixedly installed in the experimental chamber (3); a simulation box (5) is installed in the fixing frame (31); a water collecting box (10) is inserted into the water collecting chamber (4); a mounting groove (6) is provided in the experimental chamber (3); a mounting frame (7) is installed in the mounting groove (6); a spray mechanism (8) is fixedly installed in the mounting frame (7); a driving mechanism (9) which is transmission-connected to the mounting frame (7) is embedded in the side wall of the box body (1); and a switch door (12) is hingedly connected to the front side wall of the box body (1).
2. A device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the water storage chambers (2), the experimental chambers (3) and the water collection chambers (4) is at least four groups, and the four groups of water storage chambers (2), the experimental chambers (3) and the water collection chambers (4) are evenly distributed from left to right in the box body (1).
3. The device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray mechanism (8) comprises a liquid supply pump (81), the liquid supply pump (81) is fixedly mounted on the top of a mounting frame (7), a nozzle (82) is embedded in the mounting frame (7), a connecting hose (83) is fixedly connected between the output end of the liquid supply pump (81) and the liquid outlet hole (21), a connecting pipe (84) is fixedly connected between the output end of the liquid supply pump (81) and the input end of the nozzle (82), and the number of the spray mechanisms (8) matches the number of the experimental chambers (3).
4. A device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (9) comprises a mounting shell (91), the mounting shell (91) being symmetrically formed in one piece on the left and right side walls of the box body (1), the mounting shells (91) on both sides being rotatably connected with driving screws (92) respectively, the rear ends of the mounting shells (91) on both sides being embedded with driving motors (93), the driving motors (93) being fixedly connected with the ends of the driving screws (92), the outer side walls of the driving screws (92) on both sides being screwed with driving blocks (94), the driving blocks (94) on both sides being fixedly connected with the left and right ends of the mounting frame (7), and the mounting shell (91) on the left side being fixedly equipped with a first contact switch (96) and a second contact switch (97) which are symmetrically distributed in front and rear.
5. A device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the mounting housing (91) is fixedly equipped with a guide shaft (95) that passes through the driving block (94).
6. The device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation boxes (5) penetrate each other from top to bottom, and a partition net (51) is embedded and installed in the inner cavity of the simulation box (5).
7. The device for simulating the migration and diffusion of microplastics in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side walls of the simulation box (5) and the water collection box (10) are respectively provided with corresponding marking areas (11).