50 results about "Lithium.free" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-state lithium batteries, and relates to a fluorinated double-salt cross-linked solid-state electrolyte adaptive to a lithium-free negative electrode, a solid-state lithium battery and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that double-lithium salt is dissolved in a fluorinated solvent to obtain an electrolyte, then a monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator are added, the mixture is stirred to be uniform to obtain a precursor solution, and the precursor solution is prepared; and assembling the precursor solution, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a solid-state electrolyte composite diaphragm into a battery, and performing gradient polymerization to form the solid-state lithium battery. According to the invention, the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte is more than 5 * 10 <-4 > S / cm and the oxidation potential of the solid electrolyte is more than 5.8 V by adopting a fluorinated solvent consisting of fluorinated carbonate and fluorinated carboxylate and a double-lithium-salt synergistic system and combining an in-situ interface fusion technology, so that the solid electrolyte can be matched with a 4.8 V high-voltage lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode and a lithium-free negative electrode; and the energy density and the safety of the solid-state lithium battery are improved. The electrolyte scheme is low in cost, high in safety and good in positive and negative electrode matching performance, can be compatible with an existing battery production line, and is convenient for large-scale production.

The present application relates to the technical field of glass-ceramics, in particular to a lithium-free transparent spinel glass-ceramics, a preparation method and application thereof. The lithium-free transparent spinel glass-ceramics is obtained by heat treatment of a base glass, and spinel crystal is the main crystal phase. The composition of the glass-ceramics contains the following oxides in mol%: SiO2 38.00-48.00%, Al2O3 25.50-30.00%, ZrO2 3.00-5.00%, MgO 5.00-8.00%, ZnO 8.00-14.00%, Na2O 7.20-14.00%, B2O3 3.00-8.00%, K2O 0-2.00%, and Y2O3 0-1.00%, and basically no Li2O. The glass-ceramics of the present application does not use high-cost lithium, and can obtain excellent surface and deep stress characteristics and excellent drop impact resistance through chemical strengthening.

The invention discloses a multi-layer structure lithium-free negative electrode, a preparation method and a solid lithium-free negative electrode battery, the multi-layer structure lithium-free negative electrode comprises a first material layer, a second material layer and a third material layer which are arranged in sequence, the first material layer is a conductive carbon layer, the second material layer is a compact lithium-loving metal or metal oxide layer, and the third material layer is a lithium-loving metal or metal oxide layer. The third material layer is a porous material layer containing Lewis acid sites. The lithium-free negative electrode with the multi-layer structure has a relatively good lithium-loving characteristic, and in the lithium removal process, the copper foil and the coating can keep relatively good structural integrity and maintain a good conductive network, so that the lithium removal reaction can be continuously and stably carried out; the lithium-loving metal layer can be alloyed with lithium to form a relatively low nucleation barrier; the porous material layer containing Lewis acid sites can be compounded with an electrolyte to form an ionic conductor, a stable lithium-loving SEI layer is formed, a large number of Lewis acid sites can effectively improve the lithium deposition morphology and regulate and control uniform deposition of lithium, finally uniform lithium deposition can be achieved, and the cycle performance of a lithium-free negative electrode is improved.

The invention discloses lithium-free high-heat-resistance ceramic pug and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ceramic materials. When the lithium-free high-heat-resistance ceramic pug is prepared, aluminum oxide reacts with 3-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane to prepare pre-modified aluminum oxide; reacting the pre-modified aluminum oxide with starch to obtain modified aluminum oxide; mixing ethyl acetoacetate, isopropanol, zirconium oxychloride, aluminum sec-butoxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone and N-N dimethylformamide to prepare a spinning solution, performing electrostatic spinning, and then immersing the spinning solution into the yttrium oxide sol to prepare aluminum oxide-zirconium oxide-yttrium oxide composite fibers; stirring and mixing the modified aluminum oxide, talc, aluminum oxide-zirconium oxide-yttrium oxide fibers, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, glycerol, oleic acid, polyethylene glycol and water, and performing vacuum pugging to obtain the lithium-free high-heat-resistance ceramic pug. The lithium-free high-heat-resistance ceramic pug prepared by the invention has good thermal shock resistance and bending strength after being sintered.

The present invention discloses a diaphragm and its preparation method and application. The diaphragm includes a stacked polymer layer and a covalent organic framework layer; wherein the polymer layer includes polar polymer nanofibers and an ionic polymer coated on the surface of the polar polymer nanofibers; the covalent organic framework layer includes an ion-functionalized covalent organic framework material; the ionic groups of the ionic polymer and the ion-functionalized covalent organic framework material have the same or different charges. The present invention constructs a double-layer diaphragm by combining a polar polymer with an ionic group with a covalent organic framework with an ionic group, thereby regulating the surface charge of the diaphragm, thereby regulating the lithium ion transmission behavior in the electrolyte, inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites, and facilitating the preparation of high-performance lithium metal batteries without lithium dendrites.

The application discloses a lithium-free high-heat-resistant ceramic mud and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ceramic materials. In the preparation of the lithium-free high-heat-resistant ceramic mud, alumina is reacted with 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane to obtain pre-modified alumina; the pre-modified alumina is reacted with starch to obtain modified alumina; ethyl acetoacetate, isopropyl alcohol, zirconium oxychloride, aluminum sec-butoxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone and N-N dimethylformamide are mixed to form a spinning solution, the spinning solution is electrospun, and then immersed in yttrium oxide sol to obtain alumina-zirconia-yttria composite fibers; the modified alumina, talc, alumina-zirconia-yttria fibers, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, glycerol, oleic acid, polyethylene glycol and water are stirred and mixed, and vacuum pugging is carried out to obtain the lithium-free high-heat-resistant ceramic mud. The lithium-free high-heat-resistant ceramic mud prepared by the application has good thermal shock resistance and bending strength after sintering.

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium batteries. The utility model provides a battery cell unit and a solid-state battery. The battery cell unit comprises a positive electrode, a lithium-free negative electrode and a solid-state electrolyte layer arranged between the positive electrode and the lithium-free negative electrode, the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer arranged on the positive electrode current collector; the lithium-free negative electrode comprises a negative electrode current collector; and an elastic buffer layer is arranged on one side, far away from the solid electrolyte layer, of the negative current collector. The lithium-free negative electrode is used, the function of the battery can be realized without arranging an active material layer on the negative electrode current collector, and the energy density of the battery can be improved. And the elastic buffer layer is also arranged in the lithium-free negative electrode, so that the influence of the volume change of the lithium-free negative electrode on the battery in the deposition and stripping process of lithium ions is reduced.

The present application belongs to the technical field of steel metallurgy continuous casting, and particularly relates to a crystallizer non-lithium protecting slag for stainless steel slab continuous casting and application. The non-lithium protecting slag is composed of the following components: calcium oxide 28-40%, silicon oxide 26-38%, aluminum oxide 2-8%, sodium oxide 9-14%, fluoride ion 5-11%, magnesium oxide 1-4%, boron oxide 1-5%, manganese oxide 0.5-3%, total carbon 2-4.5%, and the rest is inevitable impurities and carbonate volatiles; the mass ratio of sodium oxide / magnesium oxide is greater than or equal to 3.5. The hollow particle type protecting slag product designed in the present application can reduce the ton slag cost by 1000-2500 yuan, and has the performance of the conventional lithium-containing austenitic stainless steel slab continuous casting protecting slag, and is beneficial to the smooth running of the austenitic stainless steel high-pulling speed continuous casting process, and reduces the raw material procurement cost of the steel enterprise, so that the market competitiveness of the stainless steel product can be further enhanced.

The present technology relates to methods for the synthesis of a PFAS-free lithium single-ion polymer which comprises simultaneously reacting a sulfonyl chloride compound with an aromatic sulfonamide compound and a compound that is suitable to act as a quenching base. The simultaneous reaction of sulfonyl chloride with the aromatic sulfonamide compound and the compound that is suitable to act as a quenching base yields the single-ion monomer.

This invention discloses a lithium-free anode, its preparation method, and a solid-state battery. The lithium-free anode consists of a three-layer structure: the first layer is a copper current collector; the second layer is an active material layer coated on the current collector, inducing uniform lithium deposition; the third layer is a polymer fiber film deposited on the active material layer using electrospinning technology, serving as a physical barrier and flexible buffer layer to suppress lithium dendrite penetration and adapt to volume changes. This invention fundamentally solves the problems of lithium dendrite growth, volume effect, and interface instability inherent in traditional lithium-free anodes through the synergistic effect of the active material layer and the electrospinned polymer fiber film layer. The anode preparation process is simple and cost-controllable. When applied to lithium-ion batteries, it can significantly improve the electrochemical performance of the battery, and is particularly suitable for high-energy-density energy storage applications.

The application provides a lithium-free low-temperature ceramic sintering aid and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of lithium-free low-temperature ceramic sintering aids and the preparation method and application thereof.The lithium-free low-temperature ceramic sintering aid is composed of raw materials such as quartz, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O and B2O3.The lithium-free low-temperature ceramic sintering aid of the application realizes the preparation of a high-performance low-temperature sintering aid without using lithium-containing raw materials, reduces the cost of the sintering aid, promotes the formation of large continuous phases in the sintering aid during the ceramic sintering process, avoids the generation of crystallization problems, reduces the energy consumption of ceramic production and improves the profit of ceramic production.

The application discloses a kind of composite electrode material and preparation method thereof, which belong to lithium-free negative electrode battery technical field.The composite electrode material of the application includes electrode current collector, conductive carbon layer and polymer layer, the conductive carbon layer is located between the electrode current collector and the polymer layer, and the conductive carbon layer includes large particle porous carbon with particle size not less than 50 μm.The composite layer of polymer layer and conductive carbon layer is used as the modification layer of current collector, the polymer layer can effectively improve the lithium affinity of material, and optimize the deposition behavior of lithium ion;The conductive carbon layer of large particle porous carbon introduced between polymer layer and current collector can significantly improve the stability of polymer layer to prevent the structure collapse of polymer layer, improve the stability of electrode structure, and also can improve the conductive area of electrode conductive interface, effectively improve the wetting performance of electrolyte and reduce the surface current density of battery, and then enhance the stability and cycle life of battery.

The invention discloses a composite electrode material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium-free negative electrode batteries. The composite electrode material comprises an electrode current collector, a conductive carbon layer and a polymer layer, the conductive carbon layer is located between the electrode current collector and the polymer layer, and the conductive carbon layer comprises large-particle porous carbon with the particle size not smaller than 50 microns. A composite layer of a polymer layer and a conductive carbon layer is adopted as a current collector modification layer, and the polymer layer can effectively improve the lithium affinity of the material and optimize the deposition behavior of lithium ions; the conductive carbon layer of large-particle porous carbon introduced between the polymer layer and the current collector can significantly improve the stability of the polymer layer, prevent the structure of the polymer layer from collapsing, improve the structural stability of the electrode, increase the conductive area of the conductive interface of the electrode, effectively improve the wettability of the electrolyte and reduce the surface current density of the battery. And the stability and the cycle life of the battery are enhanced.

A method of forming a lithium-free glass article includes thermally treating the glass article to impart a fictive temperature and ion exchanging the thermally treated glass article. The thermal treatment includes heating the glass article to a hold temperature from 130 °C below to 20 °C above an annealing point of the glass article; holding the glass article at the hold temperature for a hold period; cooling the glass article at a first cooling rate from the hold temperature to an intermediate temperature; and cooling the glass article at a second cooling rate from the intermediate temperature to room temperature. The ion exchanged glass article includes a compressive stress greater than or equal to 900 MPa, as measured for an article having a thickness of 1.1 mm; and a warp less than or equal to 0.3 mm, as measured for an article having a length less than 200 mm.

The invention discloses a lithium-free high-voltage direct-output sodium ion capacitor energy storage device and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage devices. The energy storage device adopts a completely lithium-free system, a 50-380-layer internal series connection structure is formed through alternate lamination of double-side heteropole composite electrodes and diaphragms, direct output of high voltage of 1200 V or above is directly achieved, and direct power grid direct hanging can be achieved. The preparation method perfectly reuses the whole set of core processes of S01 to S03, and does not need to add new equipment. The energy density of the whole pack can reach 35-40 Wh / kg, the cost of raw materials is reduced by 40% or above compared with that of a lithium ion capacitor, dependence on lithium resources is thoroughly eliminated, the cycle life is longer than or equal to 120 thousand times, and the requirements of scenes such as power grid area energy storage, new energy grid connection and industrial standby power supplies are perfectly met.

The present invention relates to a negative electrode for a lithium-free secondary battery and a lithium-free secondary battery comprising the same, which suppress a side reaction between an electrolyte and a lithium metal layer electrodeposited on the negative electrode during charging and discharging, thereby being capable of improving the efficiency and lifespan characteristics of the lithium-free secondary battery.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery negative electrode materials, and particularly discloses an in-situ generated lithium-free negative electrode with a gradient lithiophilic three-dimensional structure and a preparation method thereof.The lithium-free negative electrode comprises a CuZn alloy layer, a graphene lithium-phobic layer located on one surface of the CuZn alloy layer and a Cu2O lithium-philic layer located on the other surface of the CuZn alloy layer, the graphene lithium phobic layer is located on the side, close to electrolyte, of the CuZn alloy layer, and the CuZn alloy layer is of a nano-scale or micron-scale porous structure. Through a two-step electrochemical treatment mode, the nano-scale even micron-scale porous three-dimensional Cu / CuZn skeleton is constructed, and the graphene lithium-phobic layer and the Cu2O lithium-loving layer are generated on the two surfaces of the three-dimensional Cu / CuZn skeleton in situ, so that the problems of negative electrode-electrolyte interface instability, dendritic crystal growth and the like are solved, and the cycle performance, the specific capacity and the like of the battery are improved.

A lithium-free transparent spinel glass ceramic and preparation method therefor and use thereof. The lithium-free transparent spinel glass ceramic is prepared from a base glass by heat treatment, and a spinel crystal is the main crystalline phase. The composition of the glass ceramic comprises the following oxides in mol%: SiO2 38.00 to 48.00 mol%, Al2O3 25.50 to 30.00 mol%, ZrO2 3.00 to 5.00 mol%, MgO 5.00 to 8.00 mol%, ZnO 8.00 to 14.00 mol%, Na2O 7.20 to 14.00 mol%, B2O3 3.00 to 8.00 mol%, K2O 0 to 2.00 mol% and Y2O3 0 to 1.00 mol%, and is substantially free of Li2O. The lithium-free transparent spinel glass ceramic does not use high-cost lithium, and can achieve excellent surface stress characteristics and deep-layer stress characteristics through chemical strengthening, thereby obtaining an excellent drop resistance performance.

This invention discloses a lithium-free high-voltage direct-output potassium-ion capacitor energy storage device and its preparation method, belonging to the field of electrochemical energy storage device technology. This energy storage device adopts a completely lithium-free potassium salt system, with potassium resources exceeding 1000 times that of lithium, completely eliminating the bottleneck of lithium resources. It achieves a direct output of high voltage above 1000V by alternately stacking dual-sided heteropolar composite electrodes and a separator to form an internal series structure of 50-300 layers. Its preparation method perfectly reuses the complete set of core processes for dual-sided heteropolar composite electrode preparation, non-destructive transfer and positioning stacking, and edge full-encapsulation insulation, requiring no additional equipment. The raw material cost of this invention is more than 20% lower than that of sodium-ion capacitors, the overall energy density can reach 40-45Wh / kg, and the cycle life is ≥100,000 cycles, making it an extremely low-cost solution for next-generation large-scale grid energy storage and new energy consumption scenarios.

The application discloses a low-cost lithium-free microcrystalline glass and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electronic cover plate materials. The microcrystalline glass takes pre-melted micro-powder of sodium feldspar 69-75% and in-situ synthesized micro-powder of calcium feldspar as main raw materials, is supplemented with a ZrO2 / TiO2 composite crystal nucleus agent 2.1-4.5%, and a small amount of MgO, CaO and K2O performance adjusting groups. The microcrystalline glass is obtained by two-stage melting at 1430-1480 DEG C in a weak reduction-neutral atmosphere, overflow down-draw forming, gradient annealing, two-stage crystallization at 650 DEG C nucleation and 735-770 DEG C crystallization, and K + / Na + ion exchange strengthening, and has high transmittance, high surface compressive stress, high hardness and excellent drop resistance. The application discards lithium resources and high-purity alumina, reduces raw material cost and energy consumption, and is suitable for electronic device cover plates such as smart phones.

The present application relates to the technical field of secondary batteries. Disclosed are a lithium metal electrode modified with an artificial solid electrolyte interface (ASEI) layer, a preparation method therefor and the use thereof, and a lithium metal battery. In the lithium metal electrode provided by the present application, the surface of lithium metal is modified with an ASEI layer, and the ASEI has the characteristic of a high-density grain boundary structure. In the present application, the ASEI having a high-density grain boundary structure is constructed on the surface of lithium metal, and by increasing the density of a grain boundary to accelerate the transfer speed of lithium ions, increase the ionic conductivity of the surface of the lithium metal and reduce the impedance of the ASEI, energy consumption caused by the lithium ions crossing the grain boundary can be effectively avoided, and more uniform deposition of the lithium ions can be induced, thereby inhibiting the growth of dendrites; therefore, the charging and discharging requirements of a high-rate lithium-dendrite-free lithium metal battery are met, and the cycle life is prolonged.

The present disclosure relates to a negative electrode for a lithium-free secondary battery capable of improving electrochemical characteristics and lifespan characteristics of a lithium-free secondary battery, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium-free secondary battery. The negative electrode may include a conductive metal layer; and a lithium electrodeposition inducing layer formed on the conductive metal layer and containing an intermetallic compound in which copper and zinc are bonded.

The invention discloses a flexible lithium-free metal negative electrode current collector based on bimetal active site regulation and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium-free metal battery negative electrode current collector materials. The current collector is a flexible carbon nanofiber three-dimensional skeleton with CoNi bimetallic alloy active site in-situ regulation and control, CoNi alloy nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the interior and on the surface of the fiber, and the skeleton has a micro / mesoporous hierarchical porous structure, is rich in pyrrole nitrogen and Co / Ni-Nx coordination bonds, and has excellent lithium affinity, flexibility and mechanical stability. A composite precursor membrane is obtained through electrostatic spinning, and in-situ construction of CoNi bimetallic active sites and carbon nanofiber skeleton forming are achieved through pre-oxidation and carbonization. The current collector does not need an additional metal support, can be directly used as a lithium-free metal negative electrode current collector, guides lithium metal to be uniformly and compactly deposited, and effectively inhibits dendritic crystal growth and volume expansion. The lithium metal battery applying the current collector shows excellent electrochemical performance and has important application value in the field of high-energy density energy storage.

The application provides a salt bridge assisted low-voltage electrodialysis magnesium-lithium separation method and device based on lithium superionic conductor. The method is as follows: lithium superionic conductor is used to divide an electrodialysis cell into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber; during operation, the anode chamber is injected with a raw material solution, and the cathode chamber is injected with an extraction solution; one end of a salt bridge is in contact with the raw material solution, and the other end of the salt bridge is in contact with the extraction solution; the other ends of the two salt bridges are immersed in an auxiliary chamber containing a lithium-free solution; a voltage lower than the solution decomposition voltage is applied to the electrodialysis cell, and the extraction solution in the cathode chamber is transferred and output by a pump and a pipe after electrodialysis. The method solves the problem of charge imbalance between the anode solution and the cathode solution in the process of magnesium-lithium separation by electrodialysis based on lithium superionic conductor by using a salt bridge, instead of realizing charge balance by electrolyzing the solution at a high voltage, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of magnesium-lithium separation, and simultaneously having high magnesium-lithium separation efficiency and good application prospect.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an all-solid-state sulfide lithium-free negative electrode battery. According to the method, the problems of lithium dendrite growth, large interface impedance and the like in an all-solid-state sulfide battery are solved through pretreatment of a lithium-free negative electrode material, a special preparation process of an all-solid-state sulfide electrolyte and optimization of a battery assembly process, and the safety and the cycling stability of the battery are improved. The prepared all-solid-state sulfide lithium-free negative electrode battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, good safety and the like, and has a good application prospect in the field of new energy batteries.

The invention discloses a novel high-stability lithium-free negative electrode current collector and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method of the novel high-stability lithium-free negative electrode current collector comprises the steps that a metal zinc layer is deposited on the surface of a nickel material current collector through vacuum thermal evaporation, and then in-situ alloying treatment is conducted under argon protection to form a zinc-nickel alloy layer; and obtaining the zinc nickel-nickel composite current collector with the vertical nano array structure. The zinc-nickel nano-particles uniformly distributed on the surface of the current collector show excellent lithium-loving characteristics, have a strong adsorption effect on electrolyte anions, and synergistically promote formation of an interface layer rich in lithium fluoride. The capacity retention rate of a lithium-free total battery assembled by pairing the current collector and a high-nickel ternary positive electrode reaches 89.6% after 100 cycles, and the energy density breaks through 400 Wh kg <-1 >. The problem of cyclic pulverization of a traditional lithium-loving metal layer is effectively solved through a surface alloying strategy, and a key technical support is provided for practicability of a high-energy-density lithium metal battery.

This invention belongs to the field of solid-state batteries, and relates to a solid-state battery electrode, its preparation method, and its application. The solid-state battery electrode includes a positive electrode sheet, a porous polymer membrane, a composite electrolyte incorporated in the pores of the positive electrode sheet and the porous polymer membrane, and a lithium-free coating composited on the surface of the porous polymer membrane. The positive electrode sheet is coated onto an aluminum foil surface and dried to obtain a positive electrode sheet; then, a porous polymer membrane is placed on its surface to obtain a porous polymer membrane / positive electrode sheet electrode; an electrolyte solution is prepared and coated onto its surface, followed by in-situ polymerization and curing to obtain an electrolyte composite porous polymer membrane / positive electrode sheet electrode; a lithium-free coating slurry is then coated onto its surface and dried to obtain a solid-state battery electrode. Using this electrode as the working electrode and a lithium sheet as the counter electrode, a solid-state battery is assembled. The solid-state battery electrode of this invention exhibits low interfacial impedance due to in-situ polymerization and curing; and has a lithium-ion concentration gradient that accelerates lithium-ion migration, exhibiting high ionic conductivity, ultimately achieving long-life cycle life in solid-state applications.

The invention discloses a gradient composite interface structure for a lithium-free negative electrode of an all-solid-state battery as well as a preparation method and application of the gradient composite interface structure, and belongs to the technical field of all-solid-state batteries. The structure sequentially comprises a modified negative electrode current collector layer, a nano silicon-based middle layer and a solid electrolyte layer. Wherein the nanometer silicon-based intermediate layer is of a porous structure, and can be subjected to an in-situ alloying reaction with lithium in the first charging process of the battery to generate a stable interface layer rich in lithium-silicon alloy. The structure integrates multiple functions of in-situ interface construction, three-dimensional space guided deposition, ion conduction enhancement, mechanical stress buffering and the like, uniform deposition of lithium metal can be effectively promoted, dendritic crystal growth is inhibited, and interface chemical and mechanical stability in the long-term circulation process is maintained. The preparation process is mature, and a reliable solution is provided for developing an all-solid-state lithium-free negative electrode battery with high energy density and high safety.

A lithium-free secondary battery is provided. The lithium-free secondary battery includes an anode, an electrolyte, a separator, and a cathode, the anode comprising an anode plate composed of an anode current collector and an insulating layer formed in contact with the anode current collector in a predetermined width along the outermost side of the anode current collector, and is capable of suppressing non-uniform growth of lithium metal layer from the anode at the time of charge and discharge and thereby providing improved safety and capacity retention rate.

A self-supported lithium-free negative electrode sheet, a preparation method therefor and a lithium battery. The self-supported lithium-free negative electrode sheet comprises a current collector, a porous skeleton structure arranged on at least one side of the current collector and, distributed on the porous skeleton structure, a lithium storage material and a nucleating material; the porous skeleton structure comprises carbon materials and a binder disposed between the carbon materials; the lithium storage material comprises any one of Si, SiO, CoSe or CO3O4 or a combination of at least two thereof; the nucleating material comprises any one of Ag, ZnO, MgO or Mo2N or a combination of at least two thereof; the synergy between the nucleating material and the lithium storage material can reduce a nucleation barrier in the porous skeleton structure and promote lithium deposition in a framework of the porous skeleton structure.