Magnetizing and demagnetizing integrated equipment for permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, and particularly relates to magnetizing and demagnetizing integrated equipment for a permanent magnet motor, so as to solve the problems that the traditional magnetizing, demagnetizing and magnetism supplementing processes of the permanent magnet motor are complicated, the rejection rate of a permanent magnet under the traditional thermal demagnetizing treatment is high, and energy conservation and environmental protection are not realized. The power supply system is used for outputting pulse waveform current or alternating current with attenuated amplitude, the coil is used for being electrically connected with the power supply system, and the reinforcing structure is used for reinforcing the coil. The reinforcing structure is used for reinforcing the coil, and the rotating platform is used for driving the permanent magnet motor to rotate and adjust. The magnetizing and demagnetizing integrated equipment for the permanent magnet motor has the effect of integrating magnetizing, demagnetizing and magnetism supplementing of the permanent magnet motor on the basis of not changing the structure of the permanent magnet motor, and is simple and effective in treatment process, energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, and more specifically relates to a permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment. Background Art

[0002] Permanent magnet motor is a motor that uses permanent magnets as excitation sources. Due to its advantages such as high efficiency, high power density and fast response speed, permanent magnet motors have been widely used in electric vehicles, wind power generation, industrial production lines, household appliances and other fields.

[0003] At present, the permanent magnet motor will inevitably lose magnetism and demagnetize during operation. The traditional method for maintaining the permanent magnet motor is to remove the permanent magnet motor from the operating position, demagnetize the permanent magnet by thermal demagnetization, and then remove the permanent magnet from the permanent magnet motor, remagnetize the permanent magnet and reinstall it into the permanent magnet motor. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the thermal demagnetization process will consume a lot of energy and generate great pollution. Improvement is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to improve the problems of high scrap rate of permanent magnets under thermal demagnetization treatment and poor energy conservation and environmental protection, the utility model provides a permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment.

[0005] The utility model provides a permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment includes a power supply system for outputting pulse waveform current or alternating current with attenuated amplitude, a coil for being electrically connected to the power supply system, and a reinforcement structure for reinforcing the coil.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, during use, the propulsion system controls the coil to move forward and backward to a suitable position, so that the coil matches the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet motor, and the power system passes a pulse current through the coil to generate a pulse magnetization field to supplement the magnetism of the magnetic pole that needs to be magnetized. The process is simple and effective, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, with high energy utilization, avoiding a large amount of energy loss, pollution and permanent magnet scrapping in the traditional process of supplementing magnetism after thermal demagnetization and reassembly. Moreover, since the magnetization coil can be removed immediately after the magnetization is completed, the difficulties and problems caused by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet when the permanent magnet is first magnetized and then assembled in the traditional operation are improved, saving manpower and material resources in the motor manufacturing process, and can improve the manufacturing efficiency of the permanent magnet motor.

[0008] In addition, since the traditional magnetization method of permanent magnet motor adopts the mode of magnetization first and then assembly, the magnetized permanent magnet cannot be machined, so the air gap uniformity between the stator and rotor of the permanent magnet motor can only be improved by machining the silicon steel yoke structure outside the permanent magnet, so that a large space must be left between the permanent magnet and the stator to complete the assembly of the stator and rotor. With this design, the permanent magnet motor can be assembled first and then magnetized, so the permanent magnet can be machined first, which makes the outer surface of the permanent magnet into a reasonable shape, and a uniform magnetic field can be generated between the stator and rotor air gap. After the machining is completed, the permanent magnet motor is magnetized as a whole through this device; under this design, the permanent magnet motor is machined first and then magnetized, which can reduce the stator and rotor air gap, improve the assembly accuracy of the stator and rotor of the permanent magnet motor, and is conducive to the production and manufacturing of the permanent magnet motor.

[0009] In addition, the permanent magnet motor can be demagnetized without heating the permanent magnet for demagnetization. The power system generates an AC waveform with an amplitude attenuation, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field with an amplitude attenuation on the coil. In the alternating magnetic field with an amplitude attenuation, the magnetic domain direction of the permanent magnet will change from ordered to disordered, so that the permanent magnet does not show magnetism to the outside, so the permanent magnet motor can be disassembled without magnetism. This process avoids the defects of traditional thermal demagnetization, improves the green recycling and reuse rate of permanent magnets, and is conducive to the integration of manufacturing, operation and maintenance, and green remanufacturing of permanent magnet motors.

[0010] As a further preference, the coil includes two parallel straight-side structures and a connecting structure for connecting the two straight-side structures.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the charging and demagnetizing magnetic fields are mainly provided by the straight-side structure of the coil. By using the propulsion system to make the straight-side structure of the coil as close to the magnetic pole as possible, the utilization rate of the magnetic field can be improved.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, a reinforcement structure for reinforcing the coil is also included.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the provided reinforcement structure can reinforce the coil, so that the coil is not easily deformed due to the electromagnetic force generated by the interaction between the short-time pulse magnetic field and the huge current.

[0014] As further preferred, the reinforcement structure is box-shaped, and the coil is fixed in the reinforcement structure.

[0015] As further preferred, the reinforcement structure is in a sleeve shape, and a plurality of the coils are distributed along the circumference of the reinforcement structure.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the sleeve-shaped reinforcement structure can be sleeved on the circumference of the high-speed permanent magnet motor, and the distributed multiple coils can perform overall magnetization and demagnetization on the entire permanent magnet motor at one time, which is simple and quick to operate.

[0017] As further preferred, the power supply system includes a charger and a pulse capacitor electrically connected to the charger.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, after the charger charges the pulse capacitor, the charging part of the circuit is disconnected to allow the capacitor to discharge to generate a pulse current, so that a charging and demagnetizing magnetic field is generated in the coil.

[0019] As a further preference, the power supply system also includes a power freewheeling circuit for switching and adjusting the output current waveform between a pulse waveform and an oscillating AC waveform.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the waveform generated by the power supply can be switched to a pulse waveform or an oscillating AC waveform by changing the switch of the power supply freewheeling circuit, thereby generating different current waveforms according to the needs of permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization.

[0021] As a further preference, a plurality of pulse capacitors are arranged in parallel.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution and changing the number of capacitors connected in parallel, the rising edge width and pulse width of the pulse waveform generated by the power supply can be changed, thereby realizing the current waveform adjustment for the permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization.

[0023] As a further preference, it also includes a rotating platform for driving the permanent magnet motor to perform rotation adjustment.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, when performing the charging and demagnetization of the permanent magnet motor, the rotating platform can be used to rotate and adjust the permanent magnet motor so that the multiple magnetic poles on the permanent magnet motor can face the coil one by one, and perform the charging and demagnetization operations in sequence. On the other hand, the coil can be reused as a detection coil. By operating the permanent magnet motor to rotate at a constant speed through the rotating platform, an induced electromotive force will be generated in the coil. By observing the electromotive force waveform, the faulty magnetic pole of the permanent magnet motor can be accurately located. After the permanent magnet motor achieves overall charging and demagnetization, in order to detect the charging and demagnetization effect of the permanent magnet motor poles, the coil can be used to determine whether the equipment has completed the charging and demagnetization task of the permanent magnet motor.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. The propulsion system controls the coil to move forward and backward, so that the coil cooperates with the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet motor. The power supply system discharges the magnetizing coil to generate a pulsed magnetization field to supplement the magnetic pole that needs to be supplemented. The process is simple and effective, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, with high energy utilization rate. The overall magnetization of the permanent magnet motor is realized without changing the structure of the permanent magnet motor, avoiding a large amount of energy loss, pollution and permanent magnet scrapping caused by the traditional process of supplementing magnetism and reassembly after thermal demagnetization.

[0027] 2. An AC waveform with attenuated amplitude can be generated through a power supply, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field with attenuated amplitude on the coil. In the alternating magnetic field with attenuated amplitude, the magnetic domain direction of the permanent magnet will change from ordered to disordered, so that the permanent magnet will not show magnetism to the outside, so the permanent magnet motor can be disassembled without magnetism; this process avoids the defects of traditional thermal demagnetization and improves the green recycling rate of permanent magnets.

[0028] 3. Since the traditional magnetization method of permanent magnet motor adopts the mode of magnetization first and then assembly, the magnetized permanent magnet cannot be machined. Therefore, the air gap uniformity between the stator and rotor of the permanent magnet motor can only be improved by machining the silicon steel yoke structure outside the permanent magnet. In this way, a large space must be left between the permanent magnet and the stator to complete the assembly of the stator and rotor. However, by adopting this design, the permanent magnet motor can be assembled first and then magnetized. Therefore, the permanent magnet can be machined first, which makes the outer surface of the permanent magnet into a reasonable shape, and a uniform magnetic field can be generated between the stator and rotor air gap. After the processing is completed, the permanent magnet motor is magnetized as a whole. Since the magnetization is performed after the processing, the stator and rotor air gap can be reduced, thereby improving the assembly accuracy and air gap uniformity of the stator and rotor of the permanent magnet motor.

[0029] 4. This design can improve the performance of the permanent magnet motor. The operating performance of the permanent magnet motor is positively correlated with the magnetic quality of the permanent magnet, that is, the higher the magnetic quality of the permanent magnet, the better the magnetization saturation and uniformity, and the better the operating performance of the permanent magnet motor. Through the integrated equipment proposed by the utility model, the magnetization saturation and uniformity of the permanent magnet are increased, thereby improving the operating performance of the permanent magnet motor.

[0030] 5. The coil in this design can be reused as a detection coil, which can realize the positioning and accurate detection of the faulty magnetic pole of the permanent magnet motor. By operating the permanent magnet motor to rotate at a constant speed through the rotating platform, an induced electromotive force will be generated in the coil. By observing the electromotive force waveform, the faulty magnetic pole of the permanent magnet motor can be accurately located. At the same time, after the integrated equipment proposed by the utility model is used to realize the overall charging and demagnetization of the permanent magnet motor, in order to detect the charging and demagnetization effect of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet motor, the charging and demagnetization coil can be used to determine whether the integrated equipment has completed the charging and demagnetization task of the permanent magnet motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power supply system, propulsion system, reinforcement structure and rotating platform in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a box-shaped reinforcement structure and a runway-shaped coil in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the power cabinet in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a circuit layout diagram of the power supply system in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the box-shaped reinforcement structure and the coil in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve-shaped reinforcement structure and the saddle-shaped coil in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bit-type coil in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a semi-open type coil in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of permanent magnet motor manufacturing, operation and maintenance, and green remanufacturing in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0040] Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0041] 1. Power supply system; 2. Coil; 2-1. Straight edge structure; 2-2. Connection structure; 3. Propulsion system; 4. Permanent magnet motor rotor; 5. Reinforcement structure; 5-1. Fiber; 5-2. Reinforcement plate; 6. Rotating platform; 7. High-speed permanent magnet motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0045] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 The utility model is described in further detail.

[0047] The utility model embodiment discloses a permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment.

[0048] Reference Figure 1-2 The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment includes a power supply system 1, a coil 2 and a propulsion system 3. The power supply system 1 is electrically connected to the coil 2, and the power supply system 1 is used to output a pulse waveform current or an alternating current with amplitude attenuation. The propulsion system 3 is used to drive the coil 2 to perform displacement adjustment to achieve the distance adjustment between the coil 2 and the magnetic poles in the permanent magnet motor rotor 4.

[0049] During use, the propulsion system 3 controls the coil 2 to move forward and backward to a suitable position, so that the coil 2 cooperates with the magnetic poles in the permanent magnet motor, and the magnetization coil 2 is discharged through the power supply system 1, thereby generating a pulsed magnetization field to supplement the magnetism of the magnetic poles that need to be supplemented. This process is simple and effective, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, with high energy utilization rate, reducing the large amount of energy loss, pollution and permanent magnet scrapping generated in the traditional process of supplementing magnetism and reassembly after thermal demagnetization.

[0050] Further, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the power supply system 1 includes a charger and a pulse capacitor electrically connected to the charger, and the charger and the pulse capacitor are installed in a power supply cabinet. In addition, the power supply system 1 also includes a power supply freewheeling circuit for switching and adjusting the output current waveform between a pulse waveform and an oscillating AC waveform, and the power supply freewheeling circuit includes a resistor Rd and a switch S5 connected in series with the charger, and the resistor Rd and the switch S5 are connected in parallel with the pulse capacitor.

[0051] After the charger charges the pulse capacitor, the charging circuit is disconnected to discharge the capacitor to generate a pulse current, which generates a magnetizing and demagnetizing magnetic field in coil 2. By changing the switch of the power supply freewheeling circuit, the waveform generated by the power supply can be switched to a pulse waveform or an oscillating AC waveform, thereby generating different current waveforms according to the requirements of permanent magnet motor magnetizing and demagnetizing.

[0052] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a plurality of pulse capacitors are arranged in parallel in the power supply system 1. By changing the number of capacitors connected in parallel, the rising edge width and pulse width of the pulse waveform generated by the power supply can be changed, thereby adjusting the current waveform used for charging and demagnetizing the permanent magnet motor.

[0053] Further, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, in order to prevent the coil 2 from being deformed, the permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment also includes a reinforcement structure 5 for reinforcing the coil 2.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the coil 2 includes two parallel straight-side structures 2-1 and a connecting structure 2-2 for connecting the two straight-side structures 2-1. Figure 5 As shown, for some common permanent magnetic poles evenly distributed on the permanent magnet motor rotor 4, for example, the coil 2 can be designed to be in a racetrack shape, and correspondingly, the reinforcement structure 5 can be in a box shape.

[0055] Specifically, the reinforcement structure 5 includes a fiber 5-1 for radially winding and reinforcing the straight edge structure 2-1 of the coil 2, and a reinforcement plate 5-2 for reinforcing the end of the coil 2, and the reinforcement plate is preferably made of an epoxy plate. The coil 2 is fixed by the reinforcement structure 5, and the reinforcement structure 5 is connected to the output end of the propulsion system 3, so that the displacement adjustment of the coil 2 can be achieved, and the magnetic pole charging and demagnetization operation can be conveniently performed. It should be noted that the propulsion system 3 includes but is not limited to a linear motor or an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0056] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, in order to facilitate the track-shaped coil 2 to charge and discharge multiple magnetic poles one by one, the permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment also includes a rotating platform 6 for driving the permanent magnet motor to perform rotation adjustment. The rotating platform 6 can form a rotating propulsion platform together with the propulsion system 3.

[0057] When the permanent magnet motor is being charged and demagnetized, the rotating platform 6 is capable of rotating and adjusting the permanent magnet motor rotor 4 of the permanent magnet motor, and the propulsion system 3 is capable of controlling the coil 2 to move forward and backward to a suitable position, so that the coil 2 cooperates with the permanent magnet motor poles, so that the multiple poles on the permanent magnet motor can be charged and demagnetized one by one.

[0058] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, for some high-speed permanent magnet motors, the coil 2 may be saddle-shaped. Correspondingly, the reinforcement structure 5 is sleeve-shaped, and a plurality of coils 2 are distributed along the circumference of the reinforcement structure 5. During use, the coil 2 can perform overall magnetization and demagnetization on the entire permanent magnet motor at one time, so there is no need to perform rotational alignment operation on the permanent magnet motor through the rotating platform 6.

[0059] Further, such as Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the coil 2 includes a plurality of copper sheets, and insulating sheets are stacked between the plurality of copper sheets. After stacking, the copper sheets are connected in series to form a bit-type coil. The coil 2 is inserted along the air gap between the rotor and the stator, and different currents are passed through the two ends of the coil 2 according to the requirements of magnetization or demagnetization, so as to complete the magnetization and demagnetization operation of the permanent magnet.

[0060] Further, such as Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the coil 2 is an assembled coil, and the coil 2 is semi-open. After the stator and rotor are assembled, the semi-open coil 2 is inserted into the rotor pole gap, and then the coil 2 is charged, so that the magnetization of the magnetized pole can be realized, and the online in-situ maintenance of the permanent magnet motor can be realized.

[0061] Furthermore, considering that the temperature of the coil 2 will rise during the discharge process, in order to avoid the coil 2 from being overheated, the permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment also includes a water cooling structure. The water cooling structure can be a water cooler for cooling the coil 2, or an external cooling water jacket fixedly mounted on the sleeve-shaped reinforcement structure 5.

[0062] For this design, since the traditional magnetization method of permanent magnet motor adopts the mode of magnetization first and then assembly, the magnetized permanent magnet cannot be machined. Therefore, the uniformity of the air gap between the stator and rotor of the permanent magnet motor can only be improved by machining the silicon steel yoke structure outside the permanent magnet. In this way, a large space must be left between the permanent magnet and the stator to complete the assembly of the stator and rotor. With this equipment, the permanent magnet motor can be assembled first and then magnetized. Therefore, the permanent magnet can be machined first, which makes the outer surface of the permanent magnet into a reasonable shape, and a uniform magnetic field can be generated between the air gap of the stator and rotor. After the processing is completed, the permanent magnet motor is magnetized as a whole. Since the magnetization is performed after the processing, the air gap between the stator and rotor can be reduced, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the stator and rotor of the permanent magnet motor.

[0063] In addition, when using this equipment, an AC waveform with attenuated amplitude can be generated through the power supply, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field with attenuated amplitude on the coil 2. In the alternating magnetic field with attenuated amplitude, the magnetic domain direction of the permanent magnet will change from ordered to disordered, so that the permanent magnet will not show magnetism to the outside, so that the permanent magnet motor can be disassembled without magnetism. This process avoids the defects of traditional thermal demagnetization and improves the green recycling rate of permanent magnets. For easy understanding, Fig. 9 The flowchart of magnetization, supplementary magnetization and demagnetization of permanent magnets of permanent magnet motors is shown in the figure, making the equipment suitable for the integration of permanent magnet motor manufacturing, operation and maintenance, and green remanufacturing.

[0064] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a power supply system (1) for outputting pulse waveform current or alternating current with attenuated amplitude, a coil (2) for being electrically connected to the power supply system (1), and a propulsion system (3) for driving the coil (2) to perform displacement adjustment.

2. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil (2) comprises two parallel straight-side structures (2-1) and a connecting structure (2-2) for connecting the two straight-side structures (2-1).

3. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a reinforcement structure (5) for reinforcing the coil (2).

4. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcement structure (5) is box-shaped, and the coil (2) is fixed in the reinforcement structure (5).

5. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcement structure (5) is in the shape of a sleeve, and a plurality of the coils (2) are distributed along the circumference of the reinforcement structure (5).

6. A permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The power supply system (1) comprises a charger and a pulse capacitor electrically connected to the charger.

7. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply system (1) also includes a power supply freewheeling circuit for switching and adjusting the output current waveform between a pulse waveform and an oscillating AC waveform.

8. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of pulse capacitors are arranged in parallel.

9. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating platform (6) for driving the permanent magnet motor to perform rotation adjustment.

10. The permanent magnet motor charging and demagnetization integrated equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a water cooling structure for cooling the coil (2).

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