Heat insulation structure, power battery and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat insulation structure, a power battery and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of automobile parts. The heat insulation structure is used for being arranged between two pieces to be subjected to heat insulation distributed in the first direction and comprises a buffer frame and a heat insulation pad. In the plane perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer frame is divided into a first area and a second area located on the peripheral side of the first area, and the heat insulation pads are arranged in the first area and the second area correspondingly. The projection of the heat insulation pad in the first area on a set end face in the first direction covers the center of the set end face, and the set end face is the end face, adjacent to the buffering frame, of the part to be subjected to heat insulation. The use performance of the heat insulation structure can be improved, and the buffer performance requirement and the heat insulation requirement of the heat insulation structure are both considered, so that the performance of a part to be subjected to heat insulation is ensured, for example, the electrochemical performance and the safety of a single battery cell can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile parts, and in particular to a heat insulation structure, a power battery and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Power batteries generally include multiple single cells, each of which includes a cell shell and a cell body inside it. Usually, a heat insulation structure is set between the cell shells of adjacent single cells to reduce the risk of heat transfer to adjacent single cells when a single cell overheats, causing thermal runaway of the entire power battery.

[0003] However, during the use of power batteries, the single cells will repeatedly expand and contract due to the effect of heat. The current thermal insulation structure is difficult to buffer and adapt to the expansion of the single cells. When the expansion of the single cells at the center of the adjacent end faces is too large, it will affect the electrochemical performance of the single cells. In particular, the thermal insulation structure is usually made of low-hardness thermal insulation materials such as aerogel. After the single cells expand, the thermal insulation structure is usually compressed, resulting in a decrease in the thickness of the thermal insulation structure and a certain degree of weakening of the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation structure. Therefore, how to improve the performance of the thermal insulation structure to ensure the electrochemical performance and safety of the single cells has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the problem of how to improve the performance of the heat insulation structure in the related art to a certain extent, so as to ensure the electrochemical performance and safety of the single battery cell.

[0005] In order to solve at least one aspect of the above-mentioned problems to at least a certain extent, in a first aspect, the utility model provides a thermal insulation structure, which is used to be arranged between two parts to be insulated distributed along a first direction, and includes a buffer frame and a thermal insulation pad; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer frame is separated into a first area and a second area located on the periphery of the first area, and the thermal insulation pad is arranged in the first area and the second area, and the projection of the thermal insulation pad in the first area on a set end face along the first direction covers the center of the set end face, and the set end face is the end face on the part to be insulated adjacent to the buffer frame.

[0006] Optionally, the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad in the first area is stronger than the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad in the second area.

[0007] Optionally, the thickness of the thermal insulation pad in the first region is greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation pad in the second region.

[0008] Optionally, the buffer frame includes a first frame and a second frame, the second frame is arranged around the first frame, the interior of the first frame encloses the first area, and the area between the first frame and the second frame encloses the second area.

[0009] Optionally, the buffer frame further includes a plurality of connecting ribs, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the first frame, and two ends of each connecting rib are respectively connected to the first frame and the second frame.

[0010] Optionally, an outer edge of the second frame is flush with an edge of the set end surface.

[0011] Optionally, the set end surface is rectangular as a whole, and at least in the width direction of the set end surface, the width of the border of the second frame is greater than the width of the border of the first frame.

[0012] Optionally, the area of ​​the first region is greater than or equal to 0.7 times the area of ​​the set end face, and less than or equal to 0.85 times the area of ​​the set end face;

[0013] and / or, the maximum value of the thickness of the buffer frame along the first direction is greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation pad in the first area;

[0014] And / or, the buffer frame has a first symmetry plane perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer frame is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetry plane, and the distances from both ends of the thermal insulation pad along the first direction to the first symmetry plane are equal.

[0015] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a power battery, comprising the heat insulation structure as described in the first aspect above.

[0016] In a third aspect, the utility model provides a vehicle, comprising the power battery as described in the second aspect above.

[0017] Compared with the relevant existing technologies, in the thermal insulation structure, power battery and vehicle of the utility model, the thermal insulation structure is arranged between two parts to be insulated distributed along the first direction. For example, when it is arranged between two single battery cells distributed along the left and right directions, the two ends of the buffer frame along the left and right directions can respectively abut against the set end faces of the two single battery cells, so that the buffering effect of the buffer frame can be used to buffer and adapt to the expansion and deformation of the single battery cells to a certain extent. Among them, the buffer frame is divided into a first area and a second area in a plane perpendicular to the left and right directions, and the projection of the thermal insulation pad in the first area on the set end face along the left and right directions covers the central area of ​​the set end face, and correspondingly, the thermal insulation pad in the second area is located on the peripheral side of the first area and its projection covers the edge area of ​​the set end face, so that the part of the buffer frame located between the first area and the second area (such as the first frame described later) can contact the set end face at a position between the edge and the center of the set end face, thereby avoiding excessive expansion and deformation of the center of the set end face to affect the electrochemical performance and safety performance, avoiding excessive deformation of the single battery cell and excessive compression of the thermal insulation pad in the first area, and the thermal insulation pads in the first area and the second area can be installed on the buffer frame, and the buffer frame can provide support for the two thermal insulation pads. In general, the utility model can improve the performance of the thermal insulation structure, can take into account the thermal insulation requirements and buffering requirements of the thermal insulation component to be treated, thereby ensuring the performance of the thermal insulation component to be treated, for example, ensuring the electrochemical performance and safety of the single battery cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the heat insulation structure in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at the middle AA section;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at the middle BB section;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a heat insulation structure is arranged between parts to be insulated in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a state in which a heat insulation structure is arranged between parts to be heat-insulated and a set end surface of the parts to be heat-insulated undergoes expansion and deformation in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] 1-buffer frame; 11-first frame; 12-second frame; 13-connecting ribs; 101-first area; 102-second area; 2-thermal insulation pad; 21-first thermal insulation pad; 22-second thermal insulation pad; 3-part to be insulated; 31-set end face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplarily" and "one embodiment" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or embodiment are included in at least one embodiment or embodiment of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or embodiment. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or embodiments in a suitable manner.

[0027] The terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, the Z axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up and down position, and the positive direction of the Z axis (that is, the direction of the arrow of the Z axis) represents the up, and the negative direction of the Z axis represents the down; the X axis in the accompanying drawings represents the front and back position, and the positive direction of the X axis (that is, the direction of the arrow of the X axis) represents the front side, and the negative direction of the X axis represents the back side; the Y axis in the accompanying drawings represents the horizontal direction and is designated as the left and right position, and the positive direction of the Y axis (that is, the direction of the arrow of the Y axis) represents the right side, and the negative direction of the Y axis represents the left side; it should be noted that the aforementioned Z axis, Y axis and X axis are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the thermal insulation structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model is used to be arranged between two parts to be insulated 3 distributed along a first direction, and the thermal insulation structure includes a buffer frame 1 and a thermal insulation pad 2; in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer frame 1 is divided into a first area 101 and a second area 102 located on the periphery of the first area 101, and the thermal insulation pad 2 is arranged in the first area 101 and the second area 102. The projection of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 on the set end face 31 along the first direction covers the center of the set end face 31, and the set end face 31 is the end face of the part to be insulated 3 adjacent to the buffer frame 1.

[0030] It should be noted that this specification mainly uses the thermal insulation component 3 as a single battery cell as an example to illustrate the content of the utility model, but it should be understood that it is not limited to this. The thermal insulation structure can be used in similar situations that require buffering and non-uniform thermal insulation. For example, a power battery usually includes a plurality of battery packs, and a battery pack usually includes a plurality of single batteries. The thermal insulation structure can be arranged between the single batteries, and the thermal insulation structure can also be arranged between the battery packs. It will not be explained in detail later.

[0031] For a power battery, multiple single cells are arranged in sequence along a first direction, which is the Y-axis direction in the figure, that is, the left-right direction. The end surface 31 is usually perpendicular to the first direction, the single cell is usually a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, the end surface 31 is usually rectangular, and the end surface 31 is usually the largest surface of the single cell.

[0032] The buffer frame 1 mainly buffers the two components to be insulated in the left and right directions. During assembly, the buffer frame 1 is usually subjected to a pre-pressure along a first direction, so that the buffer frame 1 abuts against the set end faces 31 of the two components to be insulated 3 respectively.

[0033] It should be understood that among the multiple single cells distributed along the left-right direction, a thermal insulation structure may be provided between every two adjacent single cells, or a thermal insulation structure may be provided between two adjacent single cells in an array, which is determined according to actual needs.

[0034] In this way, when the heat insulation structure is arranged between two to-be-insulated parts 3 distributed along the first direction, for example, between two single battery cells distributed along the left-right direction, the two ends of the buffer frame 1 along the left-right direction can respectively abut against the set end faces 31 of the two single battery cells, so that the buffering effect of the buffer frame 1 can be used to buffer and adapt to the expansion and deformation of the single battery cells to a certain extent. Among them, the buffer frame 1 is divided into a first area 101 and a second area 102 in a plane perpendicular to the left and right directions. The projection of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 on the set end surface 31 along the left and right directions covers the central area of ​​the set end surface 31. Correspondingly, the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second area 102 is located on the peripheral side of the first area 101 and its projection covers the edge area of ​​the set end surface 31. Therefore, the part of the buffer frame 1 located between the first area 101 and the second area 102 (such as the first frame 11 described later) can contact the set end surface 31 at a position between the edge and the center of the set end surface 31, thereby avoiding excessive expansion and deformation of the center of the set end surface 31 to affect the electrochemical performance and safety performance, avoiding excessive deformation of the single battery cell and excessive compression of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101, and the thermal insulation pads 2 in the first area 101 and the second area 102 can be installed on the buffer frame 1, and the buffer frame 1 can provide support for the two thermal insulation pads 2. In general, the utility model can improve the performance of the thermal insulation structure, and can take into account the thermal insulation requirements and buffering requirements of the thermal insulation component 3, thereby ensuring the performance of the thermal insulation component 3, for example, ensuring the electrochemical performance and safety of the single battery cell.

[0035] Optionally, the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 is stronger than the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second area 102 .

[0036] It should be noted that during the use of power batteries, the heat accumulation in various locations within the adjacent end faces of two single cells is not consistent. Usually, relatively more heat is accumulated at the center of the adjacent end faces, and relatively less heat is accumulated at the edges of the adjacent end faces. The current thermal insulation structure has consistent thermal insulation performance at various locations, which makes it difficult to meet differentiated thermal insulation performance requirements.

[0037] In this embodiment, the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 corresponding to the center of the set end face 31 is stronger than the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 corresponding to the edge of the set end face 31, thereby meeting the differentiated thermal insulation requirements for the single battery cells at the center and edge positions of the set end face 31, ensuring the electrochemical performance and safety performance of the single battery cells, and avoiding the risk of thermal runaway caused by insufficient thermal insulation capacity at the center of the set end face 31 when the thermal insulation performance at each position is consistent, or the high cost caused by excessive thermal insulation capacity at the edge of the set end face 31.

[0038] Optionally, the thickness of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 is greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second area 102 .

[0039] In this way, by setting the thickness of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 to be greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second area 102, the requirement that the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 is stronger than the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second area 102 is achieved. At this time, the thermal insulation pads 2 in the first area 101 and the second area 102 can be made of the same material. This example is used to illustrate the utility model later, but it should be understood that the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 and the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second area 102 can also be made of different thermal insulation materials, and the thickness can be set to be the same, which is not described in detail here.

[0040] Optionally, the maximum value of the thickness of the buffer frame 1 along the first direction is greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 .

[0041] In this way, when assembling the thermal insulation structure and the single battery cell, the two ends of the buffer frame 1 along the first direction first contact and compress the two single battery cells respectively, and use its elastic force to position the single battery cell. At the same time, it prevents the thermal insulation pad 2 from being squeezed by the single battery cell, resulting in a reduction in the thickness of the thermal insulation pad 2 and weakening the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation structure.

[0042] Optionally, the buffer frame 1 includes a first frame 11 and a second frame 12. In a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the second frame 12 is arranged around the first frame 11. The interior of the first frame 11 encloses a first area 101, and the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 enclose a second area 102.

[0043] At this time, the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first area 101 and the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second area 102 are respectively set as the first thermal insulation pad 21 and the second thermal insulation pad 22, the first thermal insulation pad 21 is located inside the first frame 11, and the four sides of the first thermal insulation pad 21 are connected to the inner edge of the first frame 11. The second thermal insulation pad 22 can be set as an annular structure, the annular structure is located in the second area 102 surrounded by the first frame 11 and the second frame 12, the inner circle of the annular structure is connected to the outer edge of the first frame 11, and the outer circle of the annular structure is connected to the outer edge of the second frame 12. This specification will use this as an example to illustrate the content of the utility model.

[0044] Thus, on one hand, the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 can form a foundation for installing the thermal insulation pad 2, and on the other hand, the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 can both be used to abut against two thermally insulated parts 3 in the first direction to achieve a relatively good buffering effect.

[0045] It should be understood that, in another embodiment, the buffer frame 1 may only include the first frame 11 , the interior of the first frame 11 encloses the first area 101 , and the exterior of the first frame 11 is used to form the second area 102 .

[0046] Optionally, the buffer frame 1 further includes a plurality of connecting ribs 13 , which are spaced apart along the circumference of the first frame 11 , and two ends of each connecting rib 13 are respectively connected to the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 .

[0047] At this time, the plurality of connecting ribs 13 separate the area between the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 into a plurality of sub-areas, and the plurality of sub-areas together constitute the second area 102. The thermal insulation pads 2 in each sub-area can be connected as a whole or separated from each other.

[0048] Exemplarily, the end surface 31 is set to be rectangular as a whole, in the width direction of the rectangle, that is, Figure 1 In the up-down direction, two connecting ribs 13 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the first frame 11. In the length direction of the rectangle, connecting ribs 13 can also be provided at the front and rear ends of the first frame 11 as needed.

[0049] In this way, the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 are connected together through the connecting ribs 13, and the entire buffer frame 1 can be formed in one piece, which is convenient for manufacturing the buffer frame 1. In addition, the connecting ribs 13 can also increase the contact area between the buffer frame 1 and the set end face 31 to a certain extent, thereby improving its buffering performance.

[0050] At this point, the production process of the thermal insulation structure is exemplified: first, the buffer frame 1 is die-cut, and then the thermal insulation pads 2 of different thicknesses are hot-pressed according to different areas on a hot press, and finally, a PET film (polyester film) is used for packaging.

[0051] Optionally, in any direction perpendicular to the first direction, the outer edge of the second frame 12 is flush with the edge of the set end surface 31 .

[0052] Therefore, the thermal insulation structure can buffer the single battery cell at the edge of the set end face 31 through the second frame 12, and can achieve a better buffering effect for the single battery cell, and there is no need to continue to set the thermal insulation pad 2 on the outside of the second frame 12, and the structure is simple; and the edge of the entire thermal insulation structure (that is, the outer edge of the second frame 12) will not exceed the edge of the set end face 31 of the battery cell, and thus the thermal insulation structure will not occupy additional space, and the energy density of the power battery can be ensured; in addition, the outer edge of the second frame 12 of the buffer frame 1 is flush with the edge of the set end face 31, which is also conducive to the alignment and assembly of the entire thermal insulation structure and the battery cell, and is highly practical.

[0053] Optionally, the setting end surface 31 is rectangular as a whole, and at least in the width direction of the setting end surface 31 , the width of the border of the second frame 12 is greater than the width of the border of the first frame 11 .

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, the width direction of the end surface 31 is set to be the up-down direction in the figure, and the length direction is Figure 1 In the front-to-back direction, in the width direction, the width of the border of the second frame 12 is L1, 10 mm≤L1≤20 mm, and the width of the border of the first frame 11 is L2, 3 mm≤L2≤5 mm.

[0055] Since the expansion deformation at the center of the single cell is larger than that at the edge, the first frame 11 is closer to the center than the second frame 12. The width of the frame of the first frame 11 is set to be smaller than the width of the frame of the second frame 12. This can avoid excessive stress at the contact between the single cell and the first frame 11 when the rigidity of the first frame 11 is too large and the expansion deformation force at the center of the single cell is large, thereby improving the safety of the single cell. Specifically, the thickness of the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 along the first direction are usually the same.

[0056] Of course, in the length direction of the end surface 31, the width of the frame of the second frame 12 may also be set to be greater than the width of the frame of the first frame 11. This will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Optionally, the buffer frame 1 has a first symmetry plane perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer frame 1 is symmetrically arranged about the first symmetry plane, and the distances from both ends of the thermal insulation pad 2 along the first direction to the first symmetry plane are equal.

[0058] Thus, in e.g. Figure 4 In the assembled state, when the two ends of the buffer frame 1 along the first direction are respectively in contact with the two single battery cells, the distances from the two ends of the thermal insulation pad 2 along the first direction to the adjacent set end faces 31 are consistent, and the two single battery cells can achieve better thermal insulation consistency.

[0059] In the above embodiment, optionally, the area of ​​the first region 101 is greater than the area of ​​the second region 102 .

[0060] In the above embodiment, optionally, the area of ​​the first region 101 is greater than or equal to 0.7 times the area of ​​the set end surface 31 , and less than or equal to 0.85 times the area of ​​the set end surface 31 .

[0061] For example, the area of ​​the first region 101 is set to be 0.75-0.8 times the area of ​​the end surface 31 .

[0062] Specifically, the area of ​​the first region 101 determines the distance between the first region 101 and the second region 102 of the buffer frame 1 (for example, the first frame 11) to the center of the buffer frame 1 (i.e., the position corresponding to the center of the set end face 31); in this embodiment, the area value of the first region 101 can make the distance from the first frame 11 to the center of the buffer frame 1 appropriate, thereby enabling the first frame 11 to have a good buffering effect on the expansion of the central area of ​​the battery cell, and also avoid the first frame 11 being too close to the center of the buffer frame 1 and forming a large resistance to the central area of ​​the set end face 31, thereby causing the single battery cell to have excessive stress at the center of the set end face 31. In addition, when the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first region 101 is stronger than the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2 in the second region 102, it can avoid that the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first region 101 is too small and has limited thermal insulation effect on the middle area of ​​the single battery cell, and it can also avoid that the thermal insulation pad 2 in the first region 101 is too large and causes excessive thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad 2.

[0063] In the above embodiment, optionally, the buffer frame 1 is made of materials such as silicone rubber, organic elastic foam, etc., so that the buffer frame 1 has good buffering performance.

[0064] In the above embodiment, optionally, the thermal insulation pad 2 is made of aerogel.

[0065] In the above embodiment, optionally, the buffer frame 1 is filled with heat-insulating fillers, so that the buffer frame 1 has a certain heat-insulating capacity.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the buffer frame 1 is made of silicone rubber and the thermal insulation pad 2 is made of aerogel to exemplify the size of the thermal insulation structure in the utility model. The maximum thickness of the buffer frame 1 along the first direction is t1, the thickness of the second thermal insulation pad 22 is t2, and the thickness of the first thermal insulation pad 21 is t3, wherein t1≥t3, and t3≥t2.

[0067] For example, t1-t3≥0.5 mm, 3 mm<t3≤5 mm, t2≥2.5 mm.

[0068] In the second aspect, the power battery provided by the present invention includes the heat insulation structure of the above embodiment. The heat insulation structure can be arranged between the single cells distributed along the first direction, or between the battery packs distributed along the first direction, which has been described in detail above and will not be repeated here.

[0069] In a third aspect, the utility model provides a vehicle, which includes the power battery of the above embodiment.

[0070] Although the utility model is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation structure, characterized in that: The thermal insulation structure is used to be arranged between two parts to be insulated (3) distributed along a first direction, and includes a buffer frame (1) and a thermal insulation pad (2); in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer frame (1) is divided into a first area (101) and a second area (102) located on the periphery of the first area (101), and the thermal insulation pad (2) is arranged in both the first area (101) and the second area (102), and the projection of the thermal insulation pad (2) in the first area (101) on a set end face (31) along the first direction covers the center of the set end face (31), and the set end face (31) is the end face of the part to be insulated (3) adjacent to the buffer frame (1).

2. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad (2) in the first area (101) is stronger than the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation pad (2) in the second area (102).

3. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 2, wherein: The thickness of the thermal insulation pad (2) in the first area (101) is greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation pad (2) in the second area (102).

4. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, wherein: The buffer frame (1) comprises a first frame (11) and a second frame (12), wherein the second frame (12) is arranged around the first frame (11), the interior of the first frame (11) forms the first area (101), and the space between the first frame (11) and the second frame (12) forms the second area (102).

5. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 4, wherein: The buffer frame (1) further comprises a plurality of connecting ribs (13), wherein the plurality of connecting ribs (13) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the first frame (11), and the two ends of each connecting rib (13) are respectively connected to the first frame (11) and the second frame (12).

6. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 4, wherein: The outer edge of the second frame (12) is flush with the edge of the set end surface (31).

7. The thermal insulation structure according to claim 4, wherein: The setting end surface (31) is rectangular as a whole, and at least in the width direction of the setting end surface (31), the width of the frame of the second frame (12) is greater than the width of the frame of the first frame (11).

8. The thermal insulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The area of ​​the first region (101) is greater than or equal to 0.7 times the area of ​​the set end surface (31), and less than or equal to 0.85 times the area of ​​the set end surface (31); And / or, the maximum value of the thickness of the buffer frame (1) along the first direction is greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation pad (2) in the first area (101); And / or, the buffer frame (1) has a first symmetry plane perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer frame (1) is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetry plane, and the distances from both ends of the thermal insulation pad (2) along the first direction to the first symmetry plane are equal.

9. A power battery, characterized in that: The thermal insulation structure comprises the thermal insulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Including the power battery as claimed in claim 9.

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