Bamboo reed crushing and drying equipment
By combining crushing and extrusion and dehydration technology in the reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment, the problem of high energy consumption in the reed bamboo drying process is solved, and energy consumption is reduced and production efficiency is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420369173.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-28
AI Technical Summary
The existing straw drying and crushing device consumes too much energy, is costly and has low efficiency when processing reed bamboo, and requires a device that can reduce the energy loss of the reed bamboo drying process.
A crushing and drying equipment of bamboo is designed, including a crushing and extrusion device and a drying device. By combining the crushing unit and the extrusion unit, a crushing and extrusion device with dual functions of crushing and extrusion dehydration is formed, and a physical method is used to form a crushing and extrusion device. The reed bamboo is extruded and dehydrated to reduce energy consumption during drying.
The equipment significantly reduces energy consumption during the drying process of bamboo by extrusion and dehydration, reduces equipment costs and operating energy consumption, and improves production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222263701U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of biomass energy utilization, in particular to a device for crushing and drying reed bamboo. Background Art
[0002] Phragmites australis is a perennial grass with thick and upright stalks. Phragmites australis has a high degree of lignification, rich bast fiber, high bulk density and calorific value, and is a very good renewable biomass resource. As a typical energy plant, Phragmites australis can be processed into biomass pellet fuel. The prior art discloses a straw drying and crushing device, which can crush and dry the straw to obtain straw biomass pellet fuel. However, compared with ordinary straw, Phragmites australis has greater strength and more water content. If the existing straw drying and crushing device is directly used to produce Phragmites australis biomass pellet fuel, the energy required for the drying process of Phragmites australis is too large, the cost is too high, and the efficiency is low. How to reduce the energy consumption in the drying process of Phragmites australis has become a research focus.
[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a reed crushing and drying equipment to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a reed bamboo crushing and drying device, which can reduce the energy loss in the reed bamboo drying process.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] Reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment, including:
[0007] A crushing and extruding device comprises a shell, a crushing unit and an extruding unit, wherein the crushing unit and the extruding unit are both arranged in the shell, the extruding unit is located below the crushing unit, and the extruding unit can squeeze and remove part of the moisture of the reed after being crushed by the crushing unit;
[0008] A drying device, the drying device is used to dry the Phragmites australis;
[0009] A conveying device, wherein the upstream end of the conveying device is arranged below the discharge end of the shell, and the downstream end of the conveying device is connected to the feed end of the drying device;
[0010] A liquid collecting device is provided with a liquid leakage port below the upstream end. The liquid collecting device is arranged below the upstream end and communicated with the liquid leakage port to collect liquid flowing out of the discharge end.
[0011] Optionally, the crushing unit includes a rotating shaft, a blade and a motor, the blade is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is drivingly connected to an output end of the motor.
[0012] Optionally, the crushing unit further includes a reducer, and the reducer is arranged between the output end of the motor and the rotating shaft.
[0013] Optionally, the extrusion unit comprises a double-roll extruder.
[0014] Optionally, the liquid collecting device comprises a funnel-shaped liquid collecting tank.
[0015] Optionally, the drying device includes a dryer and a burner, the downstream end of the conveying device is connected to one end of the drying device, and the smoke output end of the burner is connected to the other end of the dryer.
[0016] Optionally, the dryer includes a dryer cylinder and a rotating drive member, and the rotating drive member can drive the dryer cylinder to rotate.
[0017] Optionally, the dryer further includes a feed hood, a discharge hood and a smoke output pipe, the feed hood and the discharge hood are respectively covered at both ends of the dryer cylinder, the downstream end passes through the through hole of the feed hood and extends into the dryer cylinder, the smoke output pipe is connected to the feed hood, the burner passes through the through hole of the discharge hood and extends into the dryer cylinder, and a discharge air shut-off device is provided at the lower port of the discharge hood.
[0018] Optionally, the dryer further comprises two temperature sensors, the temperature measuring ends of the two temperature sensors are both located in the dryer cylinder, and the two temperature sensors are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material.
[0019] Optionally, the conveying device comprises a screw conveyor.
[0020] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0021] The reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment provided by the utility model adds an extrusion unit between the crushing unit and the drying device, and combines the crushing unit and the extrusion unit to form a crushing and extrusion device with the dual functions of crushing and extrusion dehydration. The reed bamboo is squeezed by a physical method to destroy its hard layer, further reduce the size of the reed bamboo particles, and squeeze out the moisture in the reed bamboo, and then enters the drying device for drying. The reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment designed in this way can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the reed bamboo dehydration process during the drying process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the reed crushing and drying equipment provided by the utility model.
[0023] In the figure:
[0024] 1. Crushing and extruding device; 11. Shell; 12. Crushing unit; 121. Blade; 122. Speed reducer; 123. Motor; 13. Extrusion unit;
[0025] 2. Drying device; 21. Dryer; 211. Dryer transmission gear; 212. Dryer support wheel; 213. Dryer cylinder; 214. Feed cover; 215. Discharge cover; 2151. Discharge air shutoff device; 216. Temperature sensor; 22. Burner;
[0026] 3. conveying device; 4. liquid collecting device; 41. liquid collecting tank;
[0027] 100, fresh reed bamboo; 200, extrusion liquid; 300, clean fuel; 400, combustion air; 500, dry reed bamboo; 600, waste gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
[0030] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0031] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0032] The technical solution of the utility model is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.
[0033] This embodiment provides a kind of reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the reed crushing and drying equipment includes a crushing and squeezing device 1, a drying device 2, a conveying device 3 and a liquid collecting device 4.
[0034] The crushing and extruding device 1 includes a shell 11, a crushing unit 12 and an extruding unit 13. The crushing unit 12 and the extruding unit 13 are both arranged in the shell 11. The extruding unit 13 is located below the crushing unit 12, so that the extruding unit 13 can squeeze the reed bamboo crushed by the crushing unit 12 to remove part of the moisture in the reed bamboo.
[0035] The upstream end of the conveying device 3 is arranged below the discharge end of the shell 11, and the downstream end of the conveying device 3 is connected to the feed end of the drying device 2, so as to convey the crushed and extruded materials into the drying device 2. The drying device 2 is used for drying reed bamboo. A liquid leakage port is opened below the upstream end, and the liquid collecting device 4 is arranged below the upstream end of the conveying device 3 and connected to the liquid leakage port to collect the liquid flowing out of the discharge end.
[0036] In the process of crushing and drying the reed bamboo, the reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment adds an extrusion unit 13 between the crushing unit 12 and the drying device 2, and uses a physical method to squeeze the reed bamboo to destroy its hard layer, which can not only further reduce the size of the crushed reed bamboo, but also preliminarily dehydrate the reed bamboo, and then further dry and dehydrate it through the drying device 2. The reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment designed in this way can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the reed bamboo dehydration process during the drying process. In addition, the reed bamboo crushing and drying equipment also combines the crushing unit 12 and the extrusion unit 13 to form a crushing and extrusion device 1 with the dual functions of crushing and extrusion dehydration, which can not only reduce the overall size of the equipment and reduce the occupied space, but also shorten the distance between the two processes of crushing and extrusion, and does not need to set up an additional conveying mechanism, further reducing the equipment cost and operating energy consumption.
[0037] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, the discharge end of the shell 11 is in a funnel shape, so that the materials after crushing and extrusion are collected and sent to the conveying device 3 below.
[0038] Optionally, the crushing unit 12 includes a rotating shaft, a blade 121 and a motor 123. The blade 121 is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is drivingly connected to an output end of the motor 123. The rotating blade 121 performs preliminary crushing on the Phragmites australis.
[0039] Preferably, there are two rotating shafts, and the two rotating shafts rotate in opposite directions to form a double-roll crushing structure, and a plurality of blades 121 are respectively arranged on the two rotating shafts. The plurality of blades 121 are evenly spaced, which can crush the material evenly, thereby improving the crushing efficiency.
[0040] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, the crushing unit 12 further includes a reducer 122, which is disposed between the output end of the motor 123 and the rotating shaft. The reducer 122 can effectively improve the transmission efficiency and output power, and ensure the stability and high efficiency of the crushing unit 12.
[0041] Optionally, the extrusion unit 13 includes a double-roll extruder, which can quickly squeeze and separate the moisture in the material, improve production efficiency, save energy and reduce environmental pollution.
[0042] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the liquid collecting device 4 includes a funnel-shaped liquid collecting tank 41 , and the liquid collecting tank 41 is used to collect and converge the squeezed liquid 200 escaped from the squeeze unit 13 .
[0043] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided in the liquid leakage port, and a liquid collecting tank 41 is connected below the upstream end. The filter screen can leave the reed residue on the conveying device 3 and convey it into the drying device 2, and the extruded liquid 200 flows into the liquid collecting tank 41 below through the filter screen.
[0044] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the drying device 2 includes a dryer 21 and a burner 22, the downstream end of the conveying device 3 is connected to one end of the drying device 2, and the flue gas output end of the burner 22 is connected to the other end of the dryer 21. The burner 22 provides the high-temperature airflow required by the dryer 21 so as to dry the material in the dryer 21.
[0045] Furthermore, the burner 22 is a gas burner, which can provide a high-temperature airflow by inputting clean fuel 300 and combustion-supporting air 400. The high-temperature airflow is sent into the dryer 21 to improve the drying efficiency of the material, so that the dryer 21 can complete the drying of the material in a short time.
[0046] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the dryer 21 includes a dryer cylinder 213 and a rotating drive member (not shown in the figure), and the rotating drive member can drive the dryer cylinder 213 to rotate. During the rotation of the dryer cylinder 213, the material therein can be fully contacted with the high-temperature airflow, thereby drying and dehydrating the material.
[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotating driving member is a motor, and the dryer 21 further includes a dryer transmission gear 211, which is arranged on the outer periphery of the dryer cylinder 213, and the dryer transmission gear 211 is transmission-connected with the output end of the motor to realize the rotation of the dryer cylinder 213. In other embodiments, the rotating driving member may also be an engine or a pneumatic motor, etc., which can cooperate with the dryer transmission gear 211 to realize the rotation of the dryer cylinder 213.
[0048] Furthermore, the dryer 21 further includes two dryer supporting wheels 212 , and the two dryer supporting wheels 212 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the dryer cylinder 213 , and the dryer supporting wheels 212 can support the dryer cylinder 213 .
[0049] Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the dryer 21 also includes a feed cover 214, a discharge cover 215 and a smoke output pipe (not shown in the figure), the feed cover 214 and the discharge cover 215 are respectively covered at the two ends of the dryer cylinder 213, and the downstream end extends into the dryer cylinder 213 through the through hole of the feed cover 214, the smoke output pipe is connected to the feed cover 214, the burner 22 extends into the dryer cylinder 213 through the through hole of the discharge cover 215, and a discharge air lock 2151 is provided at the lower port of the discharge cover 215. The feed cover 214 and the discharge cover 215 are covered at both ends of the dryer cylinder 213 to provide a sealed environment for material drying and prevent heat loss during the drying process. The feed cover 214 is provided with a smoke output pipe for discharging the waste gas 600 after drying. The discharge cover 215 is provided with a discharge air lock 2151 so that the dried material, i.e., the dried reed bamboo 500, can be discharged evenly to keep the pressure in the dryer 21 stable.
[0050] Preferably, a filter is provided on the smoke output pipe, and a filter medium is provided in the filter for purifying and filtering the dried waste gas 600 to protect the environment.
[0051] Preferably, a flake sealing structure is provided between the feed cover 214 and the dryer cylinder 213 , and between the discharge cover 215 and the dryer cylinder 213 , to ensure the overall sealed environment of the dryer 21 .
[0052] Optionally, the dryer 21 also includes two temperature sensors 216, the temperature measuring ends of the two temperature sensors 216 are located in the dryer cylinder 213, and the two temperature sensors 216 are arranged at intervals along the material conveying direction, so as to facilitate the monitoring of the feed and discharge temperatures of the dryer 21 and help operators better understand and control the production process.
[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the temperature sensor 216 near the feeding cover 214 is a low-temperature thermometer, and the temperature sensor 216 near the discharging cover 215 is a high-temperature thermometer. Through the monitoring of the low-temperature thermometer, the low-temperature state of the material can be detected in time, and then the heating temperature in the dryer cylinder 213 can be adjusted to make the material reach the best drying state as soon as possible, so as to avoid low drying efficiency due to too low temperature and improve drying efficiency. The high-temperature thermometer can detect temperature abnormalities in time to prevent safety accidents such as overheating or fire of materials.
[0054] Optionally, the conveying device 3 includes a screw conveyor, which can achieve sealed conveying of materials, avoid material leakage or environmental pollution, and has a simple structure and is easy to maintain.
[0055] When the reed bamboo crushing and drying device provided in this embodiment is used, Figure 1 As shown, fresh reed bamboo 100 is put into the crushing and extruding device 1, and first passes through the crushing unit 12 and is crushed into small segments of 3-5 cm by the roller crushing structure. The crushed reed bamboo particles enter the extrusion unit 13 and are extruded at high pressure by the cross-roll teeth of the roller extruder, and more than 60% of the moisture therein is squeezed and removed. The formed extruded liquid 200 flows into the collecting tank 41 through the filter screen of the conveying device 3, and the reed bamboo particles are further squeezed and reduced to reed bamboo residues of 1-2 cm, which greatly increases its specific surface area and destroys its hard layer, which is convenient for subsequent reed bamboo processing. The reed bamboo residue falls into the upstream end of the lower screw conveyor and is conveyed to the dryer cylinder 213. It is dried efficiently by the high-temperature airflow generated by the gas burner and the rotating dryer cylinder 213. The finally obtained dried reed bamboo 500 is evenly discharged through the discharge air lock 2151, and the waste gas 600 generated in the drying process is filtered and purified and discharged through the flue gas output pipe.
[0056] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. Arundo donax crushing and drying equipment, characterized in that: include: A crushing and squeezing device (1) comprises a housing (11), a crushing unit (12) and a squeezing unit (13), wherein the crushing unit (12) and the squeezing unit (13) are both arranged in the housing (11), and the squeezing unit (13) is located below the crushing unit (12). The squeezing unit (13) can squeeze and remove part of the moisture from the reed after being crushed by the crushing unit (12); A drying device (2), the drying device (2) being used for drying the Phragmites australis; A conveying device (3), wherein the upstream end of the conveying device (3) is arranged below the discharge end of the shell (11), and the downstream end of the conveying device (3) is connected to the feed end of the drying device (2); A liquid collecting device (4) is provided with a liquid leakage port below the upstream end. The liquid collecting device (4) is arranged below the upstream end and communicated with the liquid leakage port to collect liquid flowing out of the discharge end.
2. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crushing unit (12) comprises a rotating shaft, a blade (121) and a motor (123); the blade (121) is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is drivingly connected to an output end of the motor (123).
3. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The crushing unit (12) further comprises a reducer (122), wherein the reducer (122) is arranged between the output end of the motor (123) and the rotating shaft.
4. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The extrusion unit (13) comprises a double-roll extruder.
5. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid collecting device (4) comprises a funnel-shaped liquid collecting tank (41).
6. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drying device (2) comprises a dryer (21) and a burner (22); the downstream end of the conveying device (3) is connected to one end of the drying device (2); and the smoke output end of the burner (22) is connected to the other end of the dryer (21).
7. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The dryer (21) comprises a dryer cylinder (213) and a rotating drive member, and the rotating drive member can drive the dryer cylinder (213) to rotate.
8. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dryer (21) further comprises a feed hood (214), a discharge hood (215) and a smoke output pipe, wherein the feed hood (214) and the discharge hood (215) are respectively arranged at two ends of the dryer cylinder (213), the downstream end passes through a through hole of the feed hood (214) and extends into the dryer cylinder (213), the smoke output pipe is connected to the feed hood (214), the burner (22) passes through a through hole of the discharge hood (215) and extends into the dryer cylinder (213), and a discharge air shut-off device (2151) is provided at a lower port of the discharge hood (215).
9. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dryer (21) further comprises two temperature sensors (216), the temperature measuring ends of the two temperature sensors (216) are both located inside the dryer cylinder (213), and the two temperature sensors (216) are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material.
10. The reed crushing and drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device (3) comprises a screw conveyor.