Electrolytic machining device

Abstract

The utility model provides an electrolytic machining device, which belongs to the technical field of machining equipment, and comprises a rotating main shaft connected with an output shaft of a machining machine tool; the vibration generator is fixed on the rotating main shaft; the machining cathode is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating main shaft, the machining cathode comprises a finish machining cathode and a rough machining cathode which are sequentially arranged in the machining direction, the rough machining cathode and the finish machining cathode are arranged in an insulated mode, and spraying parts are arranged at the rough machining cathode and the finish machining cathode correspondingly; a communicating part is arranged on the rotating main shaft and is communicated with the spraying part and external supplementing equipment; the machining device has the advantages that the rough machining cathode is arranged close to the drill bit, that is, a workpiece needs to be subjected to rough machining and then finish machining in the actual machining process, synchronous implementation of finish machining and rough machining can be achieved in one-time machining operation, the machining efficiency is improved, the machining cost is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved. And the processing operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of processing equipment, and in particular relates to an electrolytic processing device. Background Art

[0002] Machining microstructures on metal surfaces to sizes of tens to hundreds of microns is crucial to improving the performance of products in terms of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and load-bearing capacity. This makes micromachining technology have broad application prospects in the fields of industry, aerospace, heat transfer technology and medical equipment. Micro-electrolytic machining is a technology based on the principle of electrochemical dissolution, which achieves material removal through the anodic reaction of electrolyte and workpiece material. Compared with traditional mechanical machining, this technology avoids the generation of cutting force, reduces residual stress and thermal effects, and effectively avoids defects such as fused layer, heat-affected zone and thermal stress. The tool electrode is not lost during the machining process, and the hydrogen precipitation at the end of the electrode promotes the electrochemical reaction, so that the surface quality of the machined workpiece is excellent, and the surface roughness can be controlled within the range of 0.8-6.3μm. However, since most of the existing cathodes are integrated, rough machining or fine machining can only be achieved in one machining process, that is, rough-finishing cannot be achieved simultaneously during the machining process, the continuity of rough and fine machining is not good, and the machining efficiency is low. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the above problems in the existing technology and proposes an electrolytic machining device for simultaneous rough and fine machining.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: an electrolytic processing device, comprising:

[0005] A rotating spindle connected to an output shaft of a processing machine tool;

[0006] a vibration generator fixed on the rotating spindle;

[0007] A machining cathode fixed on the outer wall of the rotating spindle, wherein the machining cathode comprises a finishing cathode and a rough machining cathode sequentially arranged along the machining direction, and the rough machining cathode and the finishing cathode are insulated from each other, and both the rough machining cathode and the finishing cathode are provided with an injection part, and a connecting part is provided on the rotating spindle to communicate with the injection part and an external supplementary device;

[0008] The drill bit is fixed on the end of the rotating spindle, and the vibration generator, the machining cathode and the drill bit are arranged in sequence along the machining direction.

[0009] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the injection part includes a plurality of first injection holes and second injection holes opened on the outer wall of the rotating spindle, the first injection hole is located below the rough machining cathode, and the second injection hole is located below the fine machining cathode.

[0010] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the aperture size of the first injection hole is larger than the aperture size of the second injection hole.

[0011] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the outer end of the first spray hole and the outer end of the second spray hole are inclined toward the direction of the drill bit.

[0012] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the connecting part includes a connecting cavity opened in the rotating main shaft, and the connecting cavity is connected to the external supplementary equipment, the inner ends of the first injection hole and the second injection hole are connected to the connecting cavity, and the outer ends of the first injection hole and the second injection hole are connected to the external space.

[0013] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the vibration generator includes an axial ultrasonic transducer fixed on the rotating spindle for generating axial vibration and a radial ultrasonic transducer for generating radial vibration.

[0014] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the cross section of the drill bit is a Reuleaux triangle, and the three outer walls of the drill bit extend obliquely in the same direction and converge at one point, wherein a drill blade is formed between any two adjacent outer walls of the drill bit.

[0015] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the cross-sections of the rough machining cathode and the fine machining cathode are also Reuleaux triangles.

[0016] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the injection part is used to inject the gas-liquid mixture.

[0017] In the above-mentioned electrolytic machining device, the outer end faces of the rough machining cathode and the fine machining cathode both protrude from the outer ends of the first injection hole and the second injection hole, a first injection space is formed between the rough machining cathode and the drill bit, and a second injection space is formed between the rough machining cathode and the fine machining cathode.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0019] (1) The rough machining cathode is set close to the drill bit, that is, in the actual machining process, the workpiece is rough-machined and then fine-machined. It should be noted that the rough machining cathode and the fine machining cathode are connected to currents of different parameters, so that the rough machining cathode first performs large removal amount machining, while the fine machining cathode performs small removal amount machining. In one machining operation, fine machining and rough machining can be carried out simultaneously, thereby improving the machining operation efficiency;

[0020] (2) The vibration generated by the vibration generator during electrolytic machining can cause the electrolyte in the machining gap to be disturbed, thereby promoting the discharge of electrolytic products.

[0021] (3) Under the coupling effect of multiple fields, the processing area can be effectively reduced, the localization of the processing can be improved, and the current density in the processing gap can be more effectively increased, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the processed material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the planar structure;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drill bit.

[0026] In the figure, 100, rotating spindle; 101, rough machining cathode; 102, fine machining cathode; 103, drill bit; 104, first injection hole; 105, second injection hole; 106, connecting cavity; 107, axial ultrasonic transducer; 108, radial ultrasonic transducer; 109, drill blade; 110, first injection space; 111, second injection space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, an electrolytic processing device comprises:

[0030] A rotating spindle 100 connected to an output shaft of a processing machine tool;

[0031] A vibration generator, which is fixed on the rotating main shaft 100;

[0032] A machining cathode is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating spindle 100, and the machining cathode includes a fine machining cathode 102 and a rough machining cathode 101 which are sequentially arranged along the machining direction, and the rough machining cathode 101 and the fine machining cathode 102 are insulated from each other, and both the rough machining cathode 101 and the fine machining cathode 102 are provided with an injection part, and a connecting part is provided on the rotating spindle 100 to be connected with the injection part and an external supplementary device;

[0033] The drill bit 103 is fixed to the end of the rotating spindle 100 , and the vibration generator, the machining cathode and the drill bit 103 are arranged in sequence along the machining direction.

[0034] In this embodiment, the rough machining cathode 101 is arranged close to the drill bit 103, that is, in the actual machining process, the workpiece is subjected to rough machining and then fine machining. It should be noted that the rough machining cathode 101 and the fine machining cathode 102 are connected to currents of different parameters, so that the rough machining cathode 101 first performs large removal processing, while the fine machining cathode 102 performs small removal processing. In one machining operation, fine machining and rough machining can be carried out simultaneously, thereby improving the machining operation efficiency; and the vibration generated by the vibration generator during electrolytic machining can cause the electrolyte in the machining gap to be disturbed, thereby promoting the discharge of electrolytic products.

[0035] Specifically, the injection part includes a plurality of first injection holes 104 and second injection holes 105 opened on the outer wall of the rotating spindle 100 . The first injection holes 104 are located below the rough machining cathode 101 , and the second injection holes 105 are located below the fine machining cathode 102 .

[0036] Further preferably, the aperture size of the first injection hole 104 is larger than the aperture size of the second injection hole 105 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the rough-machining cathode 101 needs to perform large removal processing, so it is necessary to ensure that there is enough electrolyte to be sprayed out, so its aperture size is set to be coarser; and the fine-machining cathode 102 needs to perform small removal processing, and the processing accuracy requirement is relatively high, so its aperture size is set to be finer; and by opening a spray hole on the rotating spindle 100 to spray the electrolyte, it is not necessary to add additional spray components to the rotating spindle 100 in this application, and the overall structure is more concise.

[0038] Further preferably, the outer ends of the first spray hole 104 and the second spray hole 105 are inclined toward the drill bit 103 so that during the operation of the drill bit 103, the electrolyte can also take away the electrolysis products and heat generated in the processing gap to cool the drill bit 103.

[0039] Specifically, the connecting portion includes a connecting cavity 106 opened in the rotating main shaft 100, and the connecting cavity 106 is connected to the external supplementary equipment, the inner ends of the first injection hole 104 and the second injection hole 105 are connected to the connecting cavity 106, and the outer ends of the first injection hole 104 and the second injection hole 105 are connected to the external space.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first injection hole 104 and the second injection hole 105 are directly opened on the rotating main shaft 100, so the setting of the connecting part can also choose to open a connecting cavity 106 in the rotating main shaft 100 and integrate it on the rotating main shaft 100, further reducing the number of components required in this application.

[0041] Specifically, the vibration generator includes an axial ultrasonic transducer 107 fixed on the rotating spindle 100 for generating axial vibration and a radial ultrasonic transducer 108 for generating radial vibration. After applying the ultrasonic energy field, the passivation layer on the surface of the workpiece can be effectively removed, thereby promoting the progress of micro-electrolytic machining, and the ultrasonic vibration can also cause the electrolyte in the machining gap to be disturbed, thereby promoting the discharge of electrolytic products.

[0042] Preferably, the cross section of the drill bit 103 is a Reuleaux triangle, and three outer walls of the drill bit 103 extend obliquely in the same direction and converge at one point, wherein a drill blade 109 is formed between any two adjacent outer walls of the drill bit 103 .

[0043] Further preferably, the cross-sections of the rough-machined cathode 101 and the fine-machined cathode 102 are also Reuleaux triangles.

[0044] In this embodiment, in order to realize the processing of square holes, the cross-section of the drill bit 103 is set to be a Reuleaux triangle, where the cross-section refers to the plane shape perpendicular to the processing cathode and the extension direction of the drill bit 103, and the cross-section at any position of the drill bit 103 is a Reuleaux triangle; and in order to adapt to the drill bit 103, the cross-sections of the rough processing cathode 101 and the fine processing cathode 102 are also set to be Reuleaux triangles.

[0045] Further preferably, the injection part is used to inject a gas-liquid mixture, the liquid can be 10% NaNO3 or 10% NaCl, and the gas can be helium or argon as the processing gas, so that the protective gas can effectively cover the processing area, improving the processing accuracy while ensuring environmental protection requirements, which is in line with the industrial trend of green manufacturing and sustainable development.

[0046] It is worth mentioning that the ultrasonic energy field of the ultrasonic transducer can effectively remove the passivation layer on the surface of the anode workpiece, promote the micro-electrolytic machining, and the ultrasonic vibration generated can also cause the electrolyte in the machining gap to disturb and promote the discharge of electrolytic products; and with the rotation of the rotating spindle 100, after the rotation energy field is applied, the electrolyte can effectively fill the machining area, making the micro-electrolytic machining reaction of the workpiece surface in the gap more sufficient. In addition, since the machining gas is also ejected when the electrolyte is sprayed, the flow field and the gas field are applied; under the coupling effect of multiple fields, the machining area can be effectively reduced, the localization of the machining can be improved, and the current density in the machining gap can be more effectively increased, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the machining material.

[0047] It should be noted that the external supplementary device is connected to the rotating main shaft to supplement the gas-liquid mixture.

[0048] Further preferably, the outer end faces of the rough machining cathode 101 and the fine machining cathode 102 both protrude from the outer ends of the first injection hole 104 and the second injection hole 105, a first injection space 110 is formed between the rough machining cathode 101 and the drill bit 103, and a second injection space 111 is formed between the rough machining cathode 101 and the fine machining cathode 102.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first injection hole 104 and the second injection hole 105 are both opened on the rotating main shaft 100. In order to ensure that the gas-liquid mixture can maintain smooth injection in real time, the outer end faces of the rough-machining cathode 101 and the fine-machining cathode 102 are arranged to protrude from the outer ends of the first injection hole 104 and the second injection hole 105, so that the gas-liquid mixture is ejected after passing through the first injection space 110 and the second injection space 111, and there will be no blockage between the injection hole and the workpiece being processed.

[0050] It should be noted that in the present utility model, descriptions such as "first", "second", "one", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. The terms "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral whole; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0052] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrolytic machining device, characterized in that: include: A rotating spindle connected to an output shaft of a processing machine tool; a vibration generator fixed on the rotating spindle; A machining cathode fixed on the outer wall of the rotating spindle, wherein the machining cathode comprises a finishing cathode and a rough machining cathode sequentially arranged along the machining direction, and the rough machining cathode and the finishing cathode are insulated from each other, and both the rough machining cathode and the finishing cathode are provided with an injection part, and a connecting part is provided on the rotating spindle to communicate with the injection part and an external supplementary device; The drill bit is fixed on the end of the rotating spindle, and the vibration generator, the machining cathode and the drill bit are arranged in sequence along the machining direction.

2. An electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection part includes a plurality of first injection holes and a second injection hole opened on the outer wall of the rotating spindle, the first injection hole is located below the rough machining cathode, and the second injection hole is located below the fine machining cathode.

3. An electrolytic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aperture size of the first injection hole is larger than the aperture size of the second injection hole.

4. An electrolytic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer end of the first injection hole and the outer end of the second injection hole are inclined toward the drill bit.

5. The electrolytic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting portion includes a connecting cavity opened in the rotating main shaft, and the connecting cavity is connected to an external supplementary device, the inner ends of the first injection hole and the second injection hole are connected to the connecting cavity, and the outer ends of the first injection hole and the second injection hole are connected to an external space.

6. The electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration generator includes an axial ultrasonic transducer fixed on the rotating main shaft for generating axial vibration and a radial ultrasonic transducer for generating radial vibration.

7. The electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the drill bit is a Reuleaux triangle, and the three outer walls of the drill bit extend obliquely in the same direction and converge at one point, wherein a drill blade is formed between any two adjacent outer walls of the drill bit.

8. An electrolytic machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the rough machining cathode and the fine machining cathode are also Reuleaux triangles.

9. The electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection part is used for injecting the gas-liquid mixture.

10. The electrolytic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer end surfaces of the rough machining cathode and the fine machining cathode both protrude from the outer ends of the first injection hole and the second injection hole, a first injection space is formed between the rough machining cathode and the drill bit, and a second injection space is formed between the rough machining cathode and the fine machining cathode.

Images