Rotary locking mechanism of miniature excavator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary locking mechanism of a miniature excavator, which relates to the technical field of locking mechanisms, and comprises a rotating seat, a cockpit bottom plate, a locking structure, fixed teeth, a clamping groove arranged between the fixed teeth, an adjusting cylinder positioned above the fixed teeth, a piston mounted in the adjusting cylinder in a sliding manner, and a piston rod positioned at the lower end of the piston, the compensation block is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the piston rod, the clamping teeth are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the compensation block, the installation block is located at the upper end of the piston, the first spring is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the installation block, and the first oil hole and the second oil hole are formed in the piston. The non-return structure comprises a through hole, an insertion rod inserted into the through hole, a second spring located between the limiting ring and the cockpit bottom plate, and a clamping sleeve located at the lower end of the insertion rod; according to the utility model, by utilizing the locking structure, the problem that the rotation risk still exists when the micro excavator is forgotten to be locked in the using and working process is solved, and the automatic locking of the rotating structure of the micro excavator is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of locking mechanisms, in particular to a rotary locking mechanism for a mini excavator. Background Art

[0002] A mini excavator usually refers to a small wheeled or crawler excavator, which is mainly used for excavation and construction operations in narrow spaces or limited construction sites. The excavator as a whole or the turntable may rotate unexpectedly under certain circumstances. The locking mechanism is usually designed to limit or prohibit the excavator's rotation function to ensure that the machine remains in a fixed position in specific work scenarios or operations, thereby reducing the risk of accidents. However, most of them require manual locking by staff.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a slewing locking device for a mini excavator (authorization announcement number CN208815590U). This patented technology realizes the slewing locking of the upper and lower bodies of the mini excavator by aligning the guide sleeve of the rotating upper body with the pin hole coaxially, and inserting the pin shaft into the guide sleeve and the pin hole to avoid accidents; the authorization announcement number (CN216156679U) discloses a slewing locking mechanism for a mini excavator, which proposes that the locking effect is poor and the locking structure is relatively complex. The layout requirements are met by a smaller slewing motor, and the excavator can be used without a parking function by setting a handle mechanism and a locking mechanism.

[0004] To sum up, when the mini excavator is placed for rotation, although the structure is simple and has the advantage of rotation locking, it still needs to be manually locked during use. If the lock is forgotten during the use of the mini excavator, there is still a risk of rotation. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a mini excavator rotation locking mechanism to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a slewing locking mechanism for a mini excavator to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a slewing locking mechanism for a mini excavator, comprising a rotating seat, a cockpit bottom plate and a locking structure, wherein the locking structure comprises fixed teeth distributed in an annular array at the upper end of the rotating seat, a card slot is arranged between the fixed teeth, an adjusting cylinder located above the fixed teeth, a piston slidably mounted inside the adjusting cylinder, a plug rod located at the lower end of the piston and slidably plugged into the adjusting cylinder at the lower end, a compensation block fixed at the lower end of the plug rod, a card tooth fixed at the lower end of the compensation block, a mounting block located at the upper end of the piston, a spring 1 fixed at the upper end of the mounting block and the inner wall of the upper end of the adjusting cylinder, oil holes 1 and 2 are provided in the piston, and a travel rod is arranged on one side of the lower end of the plug rod;

[0007] as well as;

[0008] The check structure includes a through hole opened inside the cockpit bottom plate, a plug rod inserted into the through hole, a limit ring sleeved on the outer wall of the plug rod, a spring 2 located between the limit ring and the cockpit bottom plate, and a clamping sleeve located at the lower end of the plug rod and sleeved on the outer wall of the travel rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the adjustment cylinder is sleeved with a bracket connected to the cockpit bottom plate, a sliding sleeve is provided inside the bracket, and the lower end of the plug rod is slidably inserted into the sliding sleeve;

[0010] Specifically, the bracket installs and fixes the adjustment cylinder, the adjustment cylinder is fixed to the lower end of the cockpit bottom plate, and the plug rod is supported by the sliding sleeve, and the plug rod is slidably guided inside the sliding sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer walls at both ends of the fixed tooth and the outer walls at both ends of the latching tooth are both provided with conical surfaces;

[0012] Specifically, the conical surface between the latching tooth and the fixed tooth plays a guiding role during the extrusion process.

[0013] Furthermore, a handle is provided on one side of the upper end of the insertion rod;

[0014] Specifically, when the gripping handle drives the insertion rod to move longitudinally, it is convenient to apply a lifting force to the insertion rod.

[0015] Furthermore, a guide rod 1 is slidably inserted in the oil hole 1, a guide rod 2 is slidably inserted in the oil hole 2, and a valve block is disposed at the upper end of the guide rod 1 and the lower end of the guide rod 2;

[0016] Specifically, the oil hole 1 and the oil hole 2 inside the piston are the flow channels of the hydraulic oil inside the regulating cylinder, and the hydraulic oil flowing in opposite directions is intercepted by the valve block.

[0017] Furthermore, a limit seat with a radius greater than that of the first and second oil holes is provided at the lower end of the guide rod and the upper end of the second guide rod, a valve spring 1 connected to the lower end of the piston and the limit seat is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the guide rod, and a valve spring 2 connected to the upper end of the piston and the limit seat is sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the second guide rod;

[0018] Specifically, the limit seat supports the valve spring 1 and the valve spring 2, so that the elastic force of the valve spring 1 acts on the guide rod 1, and the elastic force of the valve spring 2 acts on the guide rod 2.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the fixed teeth distributed in a circular array follow the rotating part of the mini excavator to rotate, and the latch teeth are squeezed during the rotation process. Because the latch teeth and the outer walls of the fixed teeth are provided with mutually matching conical surfaces, the mini excavator can be effectively rotated by squeezing the conical surfaces of the latch teeth when the fixed teeth rotate. When the mini excavator does not rotate for a period of time, the latch teeth are elastically supported by the spring at the upper end, and will gradually push the latch teeth down, driving the compensation block at the upper end of the latch teeth into the slot inside the latch teeth. At this time, because the conical surfaces of the latch teeth and the fixed teeth are misaligned, the fixed teeth cannot squeeze and lift the latch teeth when the rotating part rotates, thereby realizing automatic locking of the mini excavator and avoiding the situation where the excavator rotates due to negligence and forgetting to lock. No electrical equipment is required for operation, and it is convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main three-dimensional structure of the return check structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side view stereoscopic structural diagram of the locking structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment cylinder of the utility model in top cross-section;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of the piston of the utility model.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 100. Rotating seat;

[0027] 200. Cockpit floor;

[0028] 300, check structure; 301, handle; 302, plug rod; 303, through hole; 304, spring 2; 305, limit ring; 306, sliding sleeve; 307, ferrule;

[0029] 400, locking structure; 401, adjusting cylinder; 402, latching tooth; 403, compensation block; 404, fixing tooth; 405, latching groove; 406, plug rod; 407, mounting block; 408, spring 1; 409, piston; 410, travel rod; 411, oil hole 1; 412, oil hole 2; 413, valve spring 1; 414, valve block; 415, limit seat; 416, guide rod 1; 417, valve spring 2; 418, guide rod 2; 419, bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] See also Figure 1-5 , the utility model provides a technical solution:

[0032] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, a mini excavator rotation locking mechanism, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, it includes a rotating seat 100 and a cockpit bottom plate 200;

[0033] The locking structure 400 includes fixed teeth 404 distributed in an annular array at the upper end of the rotating seat 100, a card slot 405 is provided between the fixed teeth 404, an adjusting cylinder 401 located above the fixed teeth 404, a piston 409 slidably installed inside the adjusting cylinder 401, a plug rod 406 located at the lower end of the piston 409 and the lower end of which is slidably inserted into the adjusting cylinder 401, a compensation block 403 fixed at the lower end of the plug rod 406, a card tooth 402 fixed at the lower end of the compensation block 403, a mounting block 407 located at the upper end of the piston 409, a spring 1 408 fixed at the upper end of the mounting block 407 and the inner wall of the upper end of the adjusting cylinder 401, an oil hole 1 411 and an oil hole 2 412 are provided in the piston 409, and a travel rod 410 is provided on one side of the lower end of the plug rod 406;

[0034] The outer walls at both ends of the fixed tooth 404 and the outer walls at both ends of the latching tooth 402 are both provided with conical surfaces;

[0035] A guide rod 1 416 is slidably inserted in the oil hole 1 411, and a guide rod 2 418 is slidably inserted in the oil hole 2 412. The upper end of the guide rod 1 416 and the lower end of the guide rod 2 418 are both provided with valve blocks 414.

[0036] The lower end of the guide rod 1 416 and the upper end of the guide rod 2 418 are both provided with a limit seat 415 whose radius is larger than the radius of the oil hole 1 411 and the oil hole 2 412. The outer side of the lower end of the guide rod 1 416 is sleeved with a valve spring 1 413 connected to the lower end of the piston 409 and the limit seat 415. The outer side of the upper end of the guide rod 2 418 is sleeved with a valve spring 2 417 connected to the upper end of the piston 409 and the limit seat 415.

[0037] Through the interaction of the latching teeth 402, the spring 1 408, the hydraulic system and other related components, the function of automatic locking is realized when the mini excavator is adjusted to a certain position. This design can maintain the stability of the mini excavator in a specific position, avoid accidental rotation, and improve the operating safety. Considering the squeezing of the valve spring 1 413 and the valve spring 2 417 by the hydraulic oil, and the process of opening and closing the oil hole 1 411 and the oil hole 2 412, the latching teeth 402 can slowly descend and drive the compensation block 403 to gradually fall into the slot 405, realizing a smooth transition and an effective locking function. The rotating structure of the mini excavator realizes automatic locking, avoiding the problem of hidden dangers of rotation when the mini excavator is forgotten to be locked during use. The automatic locking effectively maintains the stability of the mini excavator after adjusting the position.

[0038] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 ,

[0039] as well as;

[0040] The check structure 300 includes a through hole 303 opened inside the cockpit floor 200, an insertion rod 302 inserted into the through hole 303, a limit ring 305 sleeved on the outer wall of the insertion rod 302, a spring 304 located between the limit ring 305 and the cockpit floor 200, and a sleeve 307 located at the lower end of the insertion rod 302 and sleeved on the outer wall of the travel rod 410.

[0041] The outer wall of the regulating cylinder 401 is sleeved with a bracket 419 connected to the cockpit bottom plate 200, and a sliding sleeve 306 is provided inside the bracket 419, and the lower end of the plug rod 406 is slidably inserted into the sliding sleeve 306;

[0042] A handle 301 is provided on one side of the upper end of the insertion rod 302;

[0043] By grasping the handle 301, the insertion rod 302 is lifted, the spring 2 304 is squeezed, and the sleeve 307 is raised and lowered, etc., the lifting of the locking tooth 402 and the movement of the compensation block 403 are realized. When the position of the mini excavator needs to be adjusted, it can be carried out flexibly. The adjustment structure adopts a slow reset design to ensure that the process is stable and not abrupt. After the insertion rod 302 is subjected to force, the limit ring 305 is elastically squeezed by the spring 2 304, and the limit ring 305 is forced to reset the insertion rod 302, which is convenient for the reuse of the insertion rod 302.

[0044] Working principle: It is worth mentioning that the rotating seat 100 is connected to the rotating structure and can rotate to drive the cockpit to rotate. At the same time, the cockpit rotates with the rotating seat 100. It is necessary to keep the cockpit bottom plate 200 stable. When the rotating seat 100 rotates, it drives the fixed tooth 404 to rotate. During the rotation of the fixed tooth 404, the latching tooth 402 is squeezed. The squeezing force acts on the spring 1 408 through the compensation block 403, the plug rod 406, the piston 409 and the mounting block 407 at the upper end of the latching tooth 402. The spring 1 408 is forced to shrink, and the piston 409 is lifted inside the regulating cylinder 401. When lifted, the piston 409 squeezes the hydraulic oil inside the upper end of the regulating cylinder 401, and the hydraulic oil acts on the oil hole 1 411 and the oil hole 2 412. The hydraulic oil squeezes the valve spring 2 417, and the oil hole 2 412 is opened. The hydraulic oil passes through. When the squeezing force ends, the spring 1 408 acts on piston 409 through its own elasticity, and piston 409 is forced to descend, and the hydraulic oil squeezes valve block 414 at the lower end of guide rod 2 418, and valve block 414 closes oil hole 2 412, and oil hole 1 411 is opened, and hydraulic oil passes through oil hole 1 411. When the hydraulic oil passes through oil hole 1 411 and oil hole 2 412, due to the narrow flow channel, the spring 1 408 has a time resistance, and the spring 1 408 slowly resets, so that the latching tooth 402 is lifted and then slowly descends. During this process, the rotating seat 100 continues to rotate and continuously squeezes the latching tooth 402. When the mini excavator is adjusted to the position, the compensation block 403 will gradually enter the inside of the slot 405 during the slow descent of the latching tooth 402. Because the latching tooth 402 is misaligned with the fixed tooth 404, the extrusion force acts on the compensation block 403, and the force on the rotating seat 100 is intercepted, thereby preventing the rotating seat 100 from rotating.

[0045] At the same time, when adjustment is needed, the gripping handle 301 drives the insertion rod 302 to lift, squeezing the spring 2 304, the sleeve 307 pulls the travel rod 410 to rise, the latch tooth 402 is lifted, and the compensation block 403 is moved out of the installation slot. Through the slow reset structure of the adjustment structure, the effective rotation of the rotating seat 100 is achieved.

Claims

1. A rotary locking mechanism for a mini excavator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotating seat (100), a cockpit bottom plate (200) and a locking structure (400), wherein the locking structure (400) comprises fixed teeth (404) distributed in an annular array at the upper end of the rotating seat (100), a clamping groove (405) is arranged between the fixed teeth (404), an adjusting cylinder (401) located above the fixed teeth (404), a piston (409) slidably mounted inside the adjusting cylinder (401), and a piston (409) located at the lower end of the piston (409) and slidably plugged into the adjusting cylinder (401). ), a plug rod (406) inside the plug rod (406), a compensation block (403) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the plug rod (406), a latching tooth (402) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the compensation block (403), a mounting block (407) located at the upper end of the piston (409), a spring 1 (408) fixedly mounted at the upper end of the mounting block (407) and the inner wall of the upper end of the regulating cylinder (401), an oil hole 1 (411) and an oil hole 2 (412) provided inside the piston (409), and a travel rod (410) provided at one side of the lower end of the plug rod (406); as well as; The check structure (300) comprises a through hole (303) opened inside the cockpit bottom plate (200), an insertion rod (302) inserted into the through hole (303), a limit ring (305) sleeved on the outer wall of the insertion rod (302), a second spring (304) located between the limit ring (305) and the cockpit bottom plate (200), and a clamping sleeve (307) located at the lower end of the insertion rod (302) and sleeved on the outer wall of the travel rod (410).

2. A mini excavator rotation locking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the regulating cylinder (401) is sleeved with a bracket (419) connected to the cockpit bottom plate (200), a sliding sleeve (306) is provided inside the bracket (419), and the lower end of the plug rod (406) is slidably inserted into the sliding sleeve (306).

3. A mini excavator rotation locking mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer walls at both ends of the fixed tooth (404) and the outer walls at both ends of the latching tooth (402) are both provided with conical surfaces.

4. A mini excavator rotation locking mechanism as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A handle (301) is provided on one side of the upper end of the insertion rod (302).

5. A mini excavator rotation locking mechanism as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A guide rod 1 (416) is slidably inserted inside the oil hole 1 (411), and a guide rod 2 (418) is slidably inserted inside the oil hole 2 (412). A valve block (414) is provided at the upper end of the guide rod 1 (416) and the lower end of the guide rod 2 (418).

6. A mini excavator rotation locking mechanism as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide rod 1 (416) and the upper end of the guide rod 2 (418) are both provided with a limit seat (415) whose radius is greater than the radius of the oil hole 1 (411) and the oil hole 2 (412); the outer side of the lower end of the guide rod 1 (416) is sleeved with a valve spring 1 (413) connected to the lower end of the piston (409) and the limit seat (415); the outer side of the upper end of the guide rod 2 (418) is sleeved with a valve spring 2 (417) connected to the upper end of the piston (409) and the limit seat (415).

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