Battery protection system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery protection system. The battery protection system comprises a charging control unit, a discharging control unit, a driving unit and a main control unit, the charging control unit is used for being arranged on a connection loop of a battery and an external charger. The discharge control unit is used for being arranged on a connection loop of the battery and the electric equipment; the main control unit is connected with the driving unit, and the driving unit is connected with the charging control unit and the discharging control unit. The main control unit is used for controlling the driving unit to output a first driving signal to the charging control unit, so that the charging control unit is switched on when the polarity of the battery is matched with the polarity of an external charger; and the control unit is also used for controlling the driving unit to output a second driving signal to the discharge control unit so as to conduct the discharge control unit. According to the technical scheme of the utility model, the charging control unit, the discharging control unit, the driving unit and the main control unit are arranged in the battery protection system, so that the service life and the safety of the battery in the use process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery protection system. Background Art

[0002] Two-wheeled electric vehicles are widely popular due to their convenience and economy. As one of the main power sources of two-wheeled electric vehicles, the performance of batteries directly affects the endurance and safety of electric vehicles.

[0003] The current application of batteries in two-wheeled vehicles lacks a complete battery management system, so there is a lack of effective charging and discharging protection for batteries in two-wheeled vehicles, which affects the battery life and safety of use. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a battery protection system to solve the problem in the prior art that the battery life and use safety are affected due to the lack of charging protection and discharging protection for the battery.

[0005] A battery protection system provided according to the utility model includes: a charging control unit, a discharging control unit, a driving unit and a main control unit;

[0006] The charging control unit is used to be arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the external charger; the discharging control unit is used to be arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electrical equipment;

[0007] The main control unit is connected to the driving unit, and the driving unit is connected to the charging control unit and the discharging control unit respectively;

[0008] The main control unit is used to control the driving unit to output a first driving signal to the charging control unit so that the charging control unit is turned on when the polarity of the battery matches the polarity of the external charger; and is also used to control the driving unit to output a second driving signal to the discharging control unit so that the discharging control unit is turned on.

[0009] Optionally, the charging control unit includes a first transistor and a second transistor;

[0010] A first electrode of the first transistor is connected to a positive electrode of a battery, a second electrode of the first transistor is connected to a second electrode of a second transistor, and a first electrode of the second transistor is connected to a positive electrode of an external charger;

[0011] The control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor are both connected to the driving unit;

[0012] The main control unit is used to control the driving unit to output a first driving signal to the first transistor and the second transistor, so that the first transistor and the second transistor are turned on when the positive pole of the battery is connected to the positive pole of the external charger and when the negative pole of the battery is connected to the negative pole of the external charger.

[0013] Optionally, the discharge control unit includes a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a voltage-dividing resistor; the second driving signal includes a first sub-driving signal and a second sub-driving signal;

[0014] A first electrode of the third transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, a second electrode of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the voltage-dividing resistor, and a second end of the voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the electrical device; a first electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the electrical device;

[0015] The control end of the third transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor are both connected to the driving unit;

[0016] The main control unit is used to control the driving unit to output the first sub-driving signal to the third transistor so that the third transistor is turned on within a preset time; it is also used to control the driving unit to stop outputting the first sub-driving signal and simultaneously output the second sub-driving signal to the fourth transistor so that the fourth transistor is turned on.

[0017] Optionally, the battery protection system further includes a detection unit, the detection unit including a detection resistor and a detection subunit;

[0018] The detection resistor is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the external charger and on the connection circuit between the battery and the electrical equipment;

[0019] The detection subunit is used to detect the voltage signal at both ends of the detection resistor and is connected to the main control unit;

[0020] The main control unit is also used to receive a voltage signal and control the conduction state of the charging control unit and the discharging control unit according to the voltage signal.

[0021] Optionally, the detection subunit includes: a follower and a differential amplifier;

[0022] The first input end of the differential amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the detection resistor and the output end of the follower, and the second input end of the differential amplifier is connected to the second end of the detection resistor; the output end of the differential amplifier is connected to the main control unit; the input end of the follower is used to input a reference voltage signal.

[0023] Optionally, the battery protection system further includes a fuse unit;

[0024] The fuse unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device, and is used to disconnect the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device when the received current is greater than the preset current;

[0025] And / or, the fuse unit is connected to the main control unit to control the fuse unit to disconnect the connection circuit between the battery and the electrical equipment.

[0026] Optionally, the battery protection system further includes a first power conversion unit and a second power conversion unit arranged in parallel;

[0027] The first power conversion unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device, and the second power conversion unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device;

[0028] The conversion power of the first power conversion unit is greater than the conversion power of the second power conversion unit.

[0029] Optionally, the battery protection system further includes a first switch;

[0030] The first switch is arranged between the first power conversion unit and the positive electrode of the battery; and is connected to the main control unit;

[0031] The main control unit is used to control the conduction state of the first switch to control whether the circuit between the battery, the first power conversion unit and the electrical device is conductive.

[0032] Optionally, the battery protection system further includes a voltage stabilization unit;

[0033] The voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the main control unit and the driving unit respectively;

[0034] The battery protection system also includes a second power conversion unit and a second switch; the second power conversion unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electrical device; and is also connected to the voltage stabilizing unit through the second switch; and the main control unit is also connected to the second switch;

[0035] The main control unit is also used to control the startup state of the voltage stabilizing unit to control whether the voltage stabilizing unit supplies power to the driving unit; and is also used to control the conduction state of the second switch to control whether the voltage stabilizing unit supplies power to the second power conversion unit.

[0036] Optionally, the battery protection system further includes an interaction unit; the interaction unit is connected to the main control unit;

[0037] The interaction unit is used to receive the interaction signal transmitted by the main control unit.

[0038] The technical solution of the utility model is that a charging control unit, a discharging control unit, a driving unit and a main control unit are arranged in a battery protection system. During the charging process, the main control unit controls the driving unit and then controls the charging control unit to be turned on when the polarity of the connection between the battery and the external charger is correct, so that the external charger charges the battery normally, thereby avoiding the problem that the battery cannot be charged normally when the polarity of the connection between the battery and the external charger is incorrect, or even overheating causes damage to the internal structure of the battery and explosion, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the battery and improving the service life and safety of the battery; during the discharging process, the main control unit controls the driving unit and then controls the discharging control unit to be turned on between the battery and the electrical equipment, so that the battery discharges normally. When an abnormal situation occurs during the discharging process, the main control unit controls the driving unit to control the discharging control unit to be turned off between the battery and the electrical equipment, thereby avoiding the problem that the electrical equipment is damaged due to untimely circuit cutting in the abnormal situation, thereby improving the safety of the battery during the discharging process.

[0039] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present utility model, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Other features of the present utility model will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 is a connection diagram of a first battery protection system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of a charging control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of a first discharge control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a connection diagram of a second discharge control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a connection diagram of a third discharge control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0046] Figure 6It is a connection diagram of a second battery protection system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0049] Figure 1 1 is a connection diagram of the first battery protection system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model. This embodiment can be applied to the protection of the charging circuit and the discharging circuit of the battery. Figure 1 As shown, the battery protection system includes: a charging control unit 1, a discharging control unit 2, a driving unit 3 and a main control unit 4;

[0050] The charging control unit 1 is used to be arranged on the connection circuit between the battery 5 and the external charger 6; the discharging control unit 2 is used to be arranged on the connection circuit between the battery 5 and the electrical device 7;

[0051] The main control unit 4 is connected to the driving unit 3, and the driving unit 3 is connected to the charging control unit 1 and the discharging control unit 2 respectively;

[0052] The main control unit 4 is used to control the drive unit 3 to output a first drive signal to the charging control unit 1 so that the charging control unit 1 is turned on when the polarity of the battery 5 matches the polarity of the external charger 6; it is also used to control the drive unit 3 to output a second drive signal to the discharging control unit 2 so that the discharging control unit 2 is turned on.

[0053] Among them, the external charger 6 can be used to charge the battery 5, and the power-consuming device 7 can be used to discharge the battery 5. The external charger 6 and the power-consuming device 7 can always be connected to the battery 5, or they can be connected according to the charging and discharging requirements. For example, in a two-wheeled vehicle system, the power in the battery 5 can be the power source of the two-wheeled vehicle. When the battery 5 is connected to the power-consuming device 7, the power-consuming device 7 uses the power in the battery 5 to power the power-consuming components in the two-wheeled vehicle; when the battery 5 is connected to the external charger 6, the external charger 6 supplies power to the battery 5 so that the battery 5 replenishes its own power. It can be understood that the technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model can be applied to two-wheeled vehicles and other vehicles. The type of battery 5 in this embodiment can be a lead-acid battery or other types of batteries, and the embodiment of the utility model does not limit this.

[0054] Among them, the charging control unit 1 is connected in the circuit of the battery 5 and the external charger 6, and can be used to realize charging protection during the charging process of the battery 5; the discharging control unit 2 is connected in the circuit of the battery 5 and the electrical equipment 7, and can be used to realize discharging protection during the discharging process of the battery 5. The driving unit 3 can be used to output a first voltage signal to the charging control unit 1 to control the charging control unit 1 to be turned on; and can also be used to output a second voltage signal to the discharging control unit 2 to control the discharging control unit 2 to be turned on. It can be understood that the charging control unit 1 is turned on, which means that the battery 5 is connected to the circuit of the external charger 6 to realize the charging of the battery 5; the discharging control unit 2 is turned on, which means that the battery 5 is connected to the circuit of the electrical equipment 7 to realize the discharging of the battery 5. Among them, the polarity of the battery 5 matches the polarity of the external charger 6, which can be that the positive pole of the battery 5 is connected to the positive pole of the external charger 6, and the negative pole of the battery 5 is connected to the negative pole of the external charger 6, that is, when the battery 5 is correctly connected to the external charger 6, the driving unit 3 controls the charging control unit 1 to be turned on for normal charging; and when the battery 5 is reversely connected to the external charger 6, the charging control unit 1 is not turned on to ensure the normal charging of the battery 5.

[0055] Specifically, the main control unit 4 can control the output of the first voltage signal or the second voltage signal according to the requirements of charging and discharging. In the charging circuit, the main control unit 4 outputs the first voltage signal according to the charging requirements. The first voltage signal controls the charging control unit 1 to be turned on only when the positive pole of the battery 5 is connected to the positive pole of the external charger 6 and the negative pole of the battery 5 is connected to the negative pole of the external charger 6, ensuring that the battery 5 and the external charger 6 can be charged under the correct polarity and cannot be charged under the reverse polarity, thereby protecting the charging circuit. In the discharging circuit, the main control unit 4 outputs the second voltage signal according to the discharging requirements. The second voltage signal controls the conduction of the discharging control unit 2, so that the battery 5 can normally supply power to the electrical equipment 7.

[0056] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to set a charging control unit, a discharging control unit, a driving unit and a main control unit in the battery protection system. During the charging process, the main control unit controls the driving unit and then controls the charging control unit to be turned on when the polarity of the connection between the battery and the external charger is correct, so that the external charger can charge the battery normally, thereby avoiding the problem that the battery cannot be charged normally when the polarity of the connection between the battery and the external charger is incorrect, or even overheating causes damage to the internal structure of the battery and explosion, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the battery and improving the service life and safety of the battery; during the discharging process, the main control unit controls the driving unit and then controls the discharging control unit to be turned on between the battery and the electrical equipment, so that the battery discharges normally. When an abnormal situation occurs during the discharging process, the main control unit controls the driving unit to control the discharging control unit not to be turned on between the battery and the electrical equipment, thereby avoiding the problem that the electrical equipment is damaged due to untimely circuit cutting in an abnormal situation, thereby improving the safety of the battery during discharging.

[0057] Optional, Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of a charging control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the charging control unit 1 includes a first transistor 11 and a second transistor 12;

[0058] A first electrode of the first transistor 11 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 5 , a second electrode of the first transistor 11 is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor 12 , and a first electrode of the second transistor 12 is connected to the positive electrode of the external charger 6 ;

[0059] The control end of the first transistor 11 and the control end of the second transistor 12 are both connected to the driving unit 3;

[0060] The main control unit 4 is used to control the driving unit 3 to output a first driving signal to the first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12, so that the first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12 are turned on when the positive pole of the battery 5 is connected to the positive pole of the external charger 6 and when the negative pole of the battery 5 is connected to the negative pole of the external charger 6.

[0061] Wherein, the first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12 can be metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, and the type of the first transistor 11 and the type of the second transistor 12 are the same, and both can be P-channel transistors or N-channel transistors. The first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12 are connected in series back to back between the battery 5 and the external charger 6, and the first electrode of the first transistor 11 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 5, the second electrode of the first transistor 11 is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor 12, and the first electrode of the second transistor 12 is connected to the positive electrode of the external charger 6. Such a setting makes the parasitic diodes in the two transistors have opposite directions. Wherein, the control end of the first transistor 11 and the control end of the second transistor 12 are connected to the driving unit 3 and can be used to input a driving signal to control the conduction state of the transistor. The first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12 are connected in series on the connection loop between the battery 5 and the external charger 6, so it is necessary to control the first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12 to be turned on to realize the conduction of the loop, so it is necessary to make the driving unit 3 simultaneously connected to the control end of the first transistor 11 and the control end of the second transistor 12.

[0062] Exemplarily, the first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12 are both N-channel transistors, the source of the first transistor 11 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 5, the drain of the first transistor 11 is connected to the drain of the second transistor 12, the source of the second transistor 12 is connected to the positive electrode of the external charger 6, and the control terminals of the first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12 are gates, which are connected to the driving unit 3. The voltage of the first driving signal output by the driving unit 3 is greater than the voltage of the external charger 6 charging the battery 5. When the polarity connection is correct, the driving unit 3 outputs the first driving signal to the first transistor 11 and the second transistor 12, the gate voltage of the first transistor 11 is greater than the source voltage and is turned on, and the gate voltage of the second transistor 12 is greater than the source voltage and is turned on, and the external charger 6 normally supplies power to the first transistor 11; when the polarity is reversed, since the parasitic diode of the first transistor 11 and the parasitic diode of the second transistor 12 are reversed, the circuit is not turned on, and the function of preventing the external charger 6 from being reversed is realized.

[0063] It can be understood that the purpose of connecting two transistors back to back in series in the embodiment of the utility model is to utilize the reverse effect of the parasitic diodes of the two transistors to achieve the function of the circuit not being conductive when the external charger 6 is reversely connected.

[0064] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to set two transistors connected in series back to back in the charging control unit, so that the driving unit controls the normal charging of the battery when the circuit is normally connected; when the circuit is reversely connected, the charging circuit is not turned on, thereby realizing the function of charging protection and improving the reliability and safety of the charging circuit. In addition, compared with the reverse connection protection of traditional diodes, transistors have lower on-resistance and faster response speed, reducing energy loss during charging.

[0065] Optional, Figure 3 is a connection diagram of a first discharge control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the discharge control unit 2 includes a third transistor 21, a fourth transistor 22 and a voltage-dividing resistor 23; the second driving signal includes a first sub-driving signal and a second sub-driving signal;

[0066] The first electrode of the third transistor 21 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 5, the second electrode of the third transistor 21 is connected to the first end of the voltage-dividing resistor 23, and the second end of the voltage-dividing resistor 23 is connected to the positive electrode of the electric device 7; the first electrode of the fourth transistor 22 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 5, and the second electrode of the fourth transistor 22 is connected to the positive electrode of the electric device 7;

[0067] The control end of the third transistor 21 and the control end of the fourth transistor 22 are both connected to the driving unit 3;

[0068] The main control unit 4 is used to control the driving unit 3 to output the first sub-driving signal to the third transistor 21 so that the third transistor 21 is turned on within a preset time; it is also used to control the driving unit 3 to stop outputting the first sub-driving signal and simultaneously output the second sub-driving signal to the fourth transistor 22 so that the fourth transistor 22 is turned on.

[0069] The third transistor 21 and the fourth transistor 22 may be metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, and the type of the third transistor 21 may be the same as or different from the type of the fourth transistor 22. The third transistor 21 and the voltage divider resistor 23 are connected in series to the loop of the battery 5 and the electrical device 7, and the fourth transistor 22 is connected in series to the loop of the battery 5 and the electrical device 7. The driving unit 3 controls the conduction states of the third transistor 21 and the fourth transistor 22, respectively.

[0070] Among them, in the process of powering some electrical equipment 7 including capacitive loads, the third transistor 21 is connected in series with the voltage-dividing resistor 23, and the conduction of the third transistor 21 precedes the conduction of the fourth transistor 22, so that the voltage of the battery 5 after voltage division first supplies power to the electrical equipment 7, avoiding the current shock caused by the instantaneous discharge to the electrical equipment 7 and causing damage to external equipment, and providing pre-charging for the electrical equipment 7. The preset time can be the pre-charging time of the electrical equipment 7, and the preset time can be calibrated according to the capacity of the electrical equipment 7 or set according to the current situation in the circuit. For example, in the process of powering some electrical equipment 7 including capacitive loads, as the capacitive load is fully charged, the current between the battery 5 and the circuit of the electrical equipment 7 tends to be stable, and the voltage also tends to be stable. At this time, the detection unit can feedback the signal to the main control unit 4, and the main control unit 4 further controls the third transistor 21 to be turned off and the fourth transistor 22 to be turned on when the capacitive load is full, and uses the fourth transistor 22 to provide stable current control to avoid large current shocks that damage the capacitive load.

[0071] It is understandable that the first driving signal may be a pulse signal, and during the pre-discharge process, the charging efficiency of the capacitive load in the electrical device 7 may be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse signal to avoid a large current shock.

[0072] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to set a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a voltage-dividing resistor in a discharge control unit so that the third transistor is started first during the discharge process, so that the third transistor uses a small current to charge the capacitive load in the electrical equipment in advance, thereby avoiding the current shock of the electrical equipment during the initial discharge. After the capacitive load is charged, the fourth transistor is controlled to be turned on to provide a higher current carrying capacity and a faster response speed, thereby ensuring the safety of battery discharge.

[0073] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery protection system further includes a detection unit 8, and the detection unit 8 includes a detection resistor 81 and a detection subunit 82;

[0074] The detection resistor 81 is arranged on the connection loop between the battery 5 and the external charger 6 and on the connection loop between the battery 5 and the electric device 7;

[0075] The detection subunit 82 is used to detect the voltage signal across the detection resistor 81 and is connected to the main control unit 4;

[0076] The main control unit 4 is further used to receive a voltage signal and control the conduction state of the charging control unit 1 and the discharging control unit 2 according to the voltage signal.

[0077] The detection unit 8 can be used to detect the current and voltage on the loop of the battery 5 and the external charger 6, as well as the current and voltage of the battery 5 and the electrical device 7. The detection subunit 82 can collect the voltage across the detection resistor 81 through the detection resistor 81 set in the loop, and the detection current in the circuit can be determined according to the collected voltage and the resistance value of the detection resistor 81.

[0078] Specifically, the detection subunit 82 detects the voltage signal at both ends of the detection resistor 81 and transmits the voltage signal to the main control unit 4, which can determine the detection current of the circuit according to the voltage signal and the value of the detection resistor 81. By detecting the current, it can be determined whether the current of the circuit is overloaded, and if overloaded, the conduction state of the charging subunit and the discharging subunit is controlled in time.

[0079] It can be understood that the figure illustrates two types of position settings of the detection unit 8. The detection resistor 81 in the circuit can be set between the positive electrode of the battery 5 and the positive electrode of the external charger 6, and the detection subunit 82 can detect whether the charging voltage is overloaded and whether the charging current is overloaded; it can be set between the positive electrode of the battery 5 and the positive electrode of the electrical device 7, and the detection subunit 82 can detect whether the capacitive load in the electrical device 7 is full and whether the discharge current is overloaded.

[0080] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to set up a detection unit, which detects the current and voltage in the circuit between the battery and the external charger, and the current and voltage in the circuit between the battery and the electrical equipment. When an overload occurs, the main control unit promptly controls the circuit to be cut off, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the battery charging and discharging, and realizing overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, short circuit protection and overcurrent protection.

[0081] Optional, Figure 4 is a connection diagram of a second discharge control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the detection subunit 82 includes: a follower 821 and a differential amplifier 822;

[0082] The first input end of the differential amplifier 822 is respectively connected to the first end of the detection resistor 81 and the output end of the follower 821, and the second input end of the differential amplifier 822 is connected to the second end of the detection resistor 81; the output end of the differential amplifier 822 is connected to the main control unit 4; the input end of the follower 821 is used to input a reference voltage signal.

[0083] The follower 821 is used to provide a stable reference voltage signal, and is used to buffer and isolate the interference signal outside the differential amplifier 822. The structure of the follower 821 may include a resistor R6, a resistor R7 and an operational amplifier U1, wherein the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 are arranged in series between the signal source and the ground, the input end of the operational amplifier U1 is arranged in series between the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first input end of the differential amplifier 822.

[0084] Among them, the differential amplifier 822 can be used to obtain the voltage across the detection resistor 81. Since an appropriate negative feedback amplification ratio needs to be set, the first input terminal of the differential amplifier 822 is connected in series with a resistor R5, and the second input terminal is connected in series with a resistor R2. The resistor R3 connects the output terminal and the second input terminal to form negative feedback, and the output terminal is also connected to the main control unit 4 for transmitting the voltage signal.

[0085] Specifically, a reference voltage signal is input to the differential amplifier unit using the follower 821, so that the differential amplifier 822 has a certain reference voltage. The voltage signal across the detection resistor 81 is measured and input into the main control unit 4. The detection current is determined by the main control unit 4 to ensure the accuracy of the detection current and voltage signal, thereby realizing real-time detection of the circuit current.

[0086] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model improves the stability and accuracy of the voltage signal and realizes real-time detection of voltage and current by setting a follower and a differential amplifier in the detection subunit, using the follower to provide a stable reference voltage for the differential amplifier, and using the differential amplifier to accurately collect the detection resistor voltage.

[0087] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 4 As shown, the battery protection system further includes a fuse unit 9;

[0088] The fuse unit 9 is provided on the connection circuit between the battery 5 and the electric device 7, and is used to disconnect the connection circuit between the battery 5 and the electric device 7 when the received current is greater than a preset current;

[0089] And / or, the fuse unit 9 is connected to the main control unit 4 to control the fuse unit 9 to disconnect the connection circuit between the battery 5 and the electrical device 7 .

[0090] The fuse unit 9 can be used to automatically cut off the circuit when the current is overloaded to protect the safety of charging and discharging of the battery 5. The fuse unit 9 can also be electrically connected to the main control unit 4, and the main control unit 4 can output a pulse signal to the fuse unit 9, and the pulse signal can control the fuse unit 9 to cut off the circuit, thereby realizing timely protection of the electrical equipment 7 or the battery 5.

[0091] Exemplarily, the fuse unit 9 is arranged in series between the discharge control unit 2 and the electrical equipment 7. When the discharge current is too large, the fuse unit 9 cuts off the connection between the battery 5 and the electrical equipment 7 to ensure that the electrical equipment 7 is not damaged by the large current; and / or the main control unit 4 actively cuts off the fuse unit 9 when receiving a voltage or current abnormality, which also promptly and effectively protects the electrical equipment 7.

[0092] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a fuse unit, so as to proactively cut off the circuit in time to ensure the safety of charging and discharging when a large current condition is detected.

[0093] Optional, Figure 5 is a connection diagram of a third discharge control unit provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery protection system further includes a first power conversion unit 101 and a second power conversion unit 102 arranged in parallel;

[0094] The first power conversion unit 101 is arranged on the connection loop between the battery 5 and the electric device 7, and the second power conversion unit 102 is arranged on the connection loop between the battery 5 and the electric device 7;

[0095] The conversion power of the first power conversion unit 101 is greater than the conversion power of the second power conversion unit 102 .

[0096] Among them, the first power conversion unit 101 can be used for power conversion, and the second power conversion unit 102 can also be used for power conversion. The conversion power of the first power conversion unit 101 is greater than the conversion power of the second power conversion unit 102 because the power-consuming device 7 may include different types of sub-power-consuming units, such as high-power power-consuming devices 7 such as vehicle lights, anti-theft devices, and horns, and low-power power-consuming devices 7 such as vehicle instruments and vehicle control units. The power requirements of different sub-power-consuming units may be different. In order to further reduce the power consumption of the system, two power conversion units are set to supply different sub-power-consuming units respectively, which can meet the system operation while more effectively allocating the energy of the battery 5 and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0097] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery protection system further includes a first switch K1;

[0098] The first switch K1 is disposed between the first power conversion unit 101 and the positive electrode of the battery 5 and is connected to the main control unit 4;

[0099] The main control unit 4 is used to control the conduction state of the first switch K1 to control whether the circuit between the battery 5, the first power conversion unit 101 and the power-consuming device 7 is conductive.

[0100] The first switch K1 is arranged between the first power conversion unit 101 and the positive electrode of the battery 5, and the conduction state of the first switch K1 determines whether the first power conversion unit 101 is started and operated. The first switch K1 is connected to the main control unit 4, and the main control unit 4 can control whether the first switch K1 is turned on.

[0101] Specifically, according to the requirements of system operation, different power-consuming devices 7 can be controlled to work through the main control unit 4. For example, when only the vehicle instrument is required to work, there is no need to start the higher power conversion unit at this time. At this time, the first switch K1 is controlled to be disconnected, and the circuit between the battery 5, the first power conversion unit 101 and the power-consuming device 7 is not conductive, and only the second power conversion unit 102 works. When the vehicle instrument and the vehicle light are required to work at the same time, the first switch K1 is controlled to be closed, and the circuit between the battery 5, the first power conversion unit 101 and the power-consuming device 7 is conductive, and the first power conversion unit 101 and the second power conversion unit 102 work at the same time, which further improves the reasonable distribution of battery energy.

[0102] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery protection system further includes a voltage stabilizing unit 111;

[0103] The voltage stabilizing unit 111 is connected to the main control unit 4 and the driving unit 3 respectively;

[0104] The battery protection system further includes a second power conversion unit 102 and a second switch K2; the second power conversion unit 102 is arranged on the connection loop between the battery 5 and the electrical device 7; and is also connected to the voltage stabilizing unit 111 through the second switch K2; the main control unit 4 is also connected to the second switch K2;

[0105] The main control unit 4 is also used to control the start-up state of the voltage stabilizing unit 111 to control whether the voltage stabilizing unit 111 supplies power to the driving unit 3 ; and is also used to control the conduction state of the second switch K2 to control whether the voltage stabilizing unit 111 supplies power to the second power conversion unit 102 .

[0106] The voltage stabilizing unit 111 can be used to provide stable power supply to the driving unit 3 and the second power conversion unit 102. The main control unit 4 is connected to the voltage stabilizing unit 111 and can control whether the voltage stabilizing unit 111 starts working. A second switch K2 is connected between the voltage stabilizing unit 111 and the second power conversion unit 102. The second switch K2 is controlled by the main control unit 4 to control whether the second power conversion unit 102 starts working.

[0107] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a voltage stabilizing unit for the driving unit and the second power conversion unit, and the power supply status of the driving unit and the second power conversion unit can be controlled by the main control unit, so as to reduce the loss in standby mode and improve the endurance of the electric vehicle.

[0108] Optionally, the battery protection system further includes an interaction unit; the interaction unit is connected to the main control unit; the interaction unit is used to receive the interaction signal transmitted by the main control unit. (The interaction unit is not shown in the figure)

[0109] Among them, the interactive unit can be used to realize the interaction between external signals and the main control unit, such as display screens, speakers and other devices. The interactive signals may include abnormal signals, power signals, etc. The interactive unit can perform functions such as abnormal situation broadcasting and power display according to the interactive signals of the main control unit, so that the user can understand the battery status in time.

[0110] In addition, the main control unit can adopt a high-performance computing power control unit with a main frequency of 120MHz to control the working status of the entire system and realize battery charging and discharging management. It also has a low-power consumption mode that can dynamically reduce the frequency, providing a more efficient and safer charging and discharging control solution and reducing energy loss.

[0111] Figure 6 is a connection diagram of a second battery protection system provided according to an embodiment of the utility model, with reference to Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery protection system further includes a communication unit 103 and a temperature detection unit 104, which are respectively connected to the main control unit 4. The communication unit 103 provides a communication interface with other control modules to realize intelligent control of the entire vehicle; the temperature detection unit 104 can detect the temperature of the battery 5 in real time.

[0112] The technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model provides a battery protection system integrating a first power conversion unit and a second power conversion unit, which can meet the use of module circuits with different power requirements on vehicles;

[0113] It also provides reverse connection protection, short circuit protection, and overcurrent protection during charging and discharging, which improves the safety of the battery.

[0114] It also provides accurate current detection and temperature monitoring functions, which can understand the working status of the battery in real time;

[0115] It also provides an effective fault diagnosis and early warning mechanism, so users can learn about battery abnormalities in a timely manner;

[0116] It also provides a communication unit with other vehicle control modules to achieve intelligent control of the entire vehicle;

[0117] An interactive unit is also provided, including a voice broadcast function, which improves the user experience.

[0118] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery protection system, characterized in that: include: A charging control unit, a discharging control unit, a driving unit and a main control unit; The charging control unit is used to be arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the external charger; the discharging control unit is used to be arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electrical equipment; The main control unit is connected to the driving unit, and the driving unit is connected to the charging control unit and the discharging control unit respectively; The main control unit is used to control the driving unit to output a first driving signal to the charging control unit, so that the charging control unit is turned on when the polarity of the battery matches the polarity of the external charger; It is also used to control the driving unit to output a second driving signal to the discharge control unit so as to turn on the discharge control unit.

2. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging control unit includes a first transistor and a second transistor; The first electrode of the first transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the second electrode of the first transistor is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor, and the first electrode of the second transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the external charger; The control end of the first transistor and the control end of the second transistor are both connected to the driving unit; The main control unit is used to control the driving unit to output the first driving signal to the first transistor and the second transistor, so that the first transistor and the second transistor are turned on when the positive electrode of the battery is connected to the positive electrode of the external charger and when the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the negative electrode of the external charger.

3. The battery protection system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The discharge control unit includes a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a voltage-dividing resistor; the second driving signal includes a first sub-driving signal and a second sub-driving signal; The first electrode of the third transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the second electrode of the third transistor is connected to the first end of the voltage-dividing resistor, and the second end of the voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the electric device; the first electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the second electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the electric device; The control end of the third transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor are both connected to the driving unit; The main control unit is used to control the driving unit to output the first sub-driving signal to the third transistor, so that the third transistor is turned on within a preset time; It is also used to control the driving unit to stop outputting the first sub-driving signal and simultaneously output the second sub-driving signal to the fourth transistor, so as to turn on the fourth transistor.

4. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery protection system further includes a detection unit, which includes a detection resistor and a detection subunit; The detection resistor detection is arranged on the connection loop between the battery and the external charger and on the connection loop between the battery and the electrical device; The detection subunit is used to detect the voltage signal across the detection resistor and is connected to the main control unit; The main control unit is further used to receive the voltage signal and control the conduction states of the charging control unit and the discharging control unit according to the voltage signal.

5. The battery protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection subunit includes: a follower and a differential amplifier; The first input end of the differential amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the detection resistor and the output end of the follower, and the second input end of the differential amplifier is connected to the second end of the detection resistor; the output end of the differential amplifier is connected to the main control unit; the input end of the follower is used to input a reference voltage signal.

6. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery protection system also includes a fuse unit; The fuse unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device, and is used to disconnect the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device when the received current is greater than a preset current; And / or, the fuse unit is connected to the main control unit to control the fuse unit to disconnect the connection circuit between the battery and the electrical device.

7. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery protection system further includes a first power conversion unit and a second power conversion unit arranged in parallel; The first power conversion unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device, and the second power conversion unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electric device; The conversion power of the first power conversion unit is greater than the conversion power of the second power conversion unit.

8. The battery protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery protection system also includes a first switch; The first switch is arranged between the first power conversion unit and the positive electrode of the battery; and is connected to the main control unit; The main control unit is used to control the conduction state of the first switch to control whether the circuit between the battery, the first power conversion unit and the power-consuming device is conductive.

9. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery protection system also includes a voltage stabilizing unit; The voltage stabilizing unit is connected to the main control unit and the driving unit respectively; The battery protection system further includes a second power conversion unit and a second switch; the second power conversion unit is arranged on the connection circuit between the battery and the electrical device; and is also connected to the voltage stabilizing unit through the second switch; the main control unit is also connected to the second switch; The main control unit is also used to control the startup state of the voltage stabilizing unit to control whether the voltage stabilizing unit supplies power to the driving unit; and is also used to control the conduction state of the second switch to control whether the voltage stabilizing unit supplies power to the second power conversion unit.

10. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery protection system further comprises an interaction unit; the interaction unit is connected to the main control unit; The interaction unit is used to receive the interaction signal transmitted by the main control unit.

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