Charging and discharging equipment and charging and discharging system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system, the charging and discharging device comprises a charging and discharging output module and N test modules connected in series, and each test module comprises a switch unit, a battery positive electrode access end and a battery negative electrode access end, the battery positive electrode access end and the battery negative electrode access end are respectively used for connecting a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a to-be-tested battery pack, the test module and the connected to-be-tested battery pack form a charging and discharging path corresponding to the to-be-tested battery pack, and the switch unit is used for being in a first on-off state when the to-be-tested battery pack is in a test state. And the switch unit is used for being in a first on-off state to switch on a charging and discharging path corresponding to the to-be-tested battery pack when the to-be-tested battery pack is tested, and is also used for being in a second on-off state to switch off the charging and discharging path corresponding to the to-be-tested battery pack when the to-be-tested battery pack is tested The charging and discharging equipment can perform charging and discharging tests on N to-be-tested battery packs by using a single charging and discharging output module, so that the manufacturing cost of the charging and discharging equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of charging and discharging technology, and in particular to a charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system. Background Art

[0002] Rechargeable batteries are widely used in various fields. In the production process of rechargeable batteries, charging and discharging tests on rechargeable batteries are a very important link.

[0003] In the related technology, the charging and discharging equipment is the core equipment for charging and discharging tests on rechargeable batteries. The smallest working unit of the charging and discharging equipment is the channel. When the channel is working, the battery pack connected to the channel can be tested. At present, the number of channels of the charging and discharging equipment is increased to test multiple battery packs, but this will greatly increase the manufacturing cost of the charging and discharging equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the present application disclose a charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system. The charging and discharging device can connect multiple battery packs to be tested to the same charging and discharging output module for charging and discharging testing, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the charging and discharging device.

[0005] The present application embodiment discloses a charging and discharging device, including:

[0006] N test modules, the N test modules are connected in series;

[0007] The test module includes a switch unit, a battery positive electrode access terminal and a battery negative electrode access terminal, wherein the battery positive electrode access terminal is used to connect the positive electrode of the battery pack to be tested, and the battery negative electrode access terminal is used to connect the negative electrode of the battery pack to be tested. The test module and the connected battery pack to be tested form a charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0008] The switch unit is used to be in a first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in a test state, so as to turn on the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested, and perform a charge and discharge test on the battery pack to be tested through the charge and discharge path;

[0009] The switch unit is further configured to be in a second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested;

[0010] The charge and discharge output module includes a positive DC terminal and a negative DC terminal, wherein the positive DC terminal is connected to the positive battery access terminal of the first test module, and the negative DC terminal is connected to the negative battery access terminal of the Nth test module. The charge and discharge output module is used to receive the electric energy released by the battery pack to be tested in the test state or to provide electric energy to the battery pack to be tested in the test state.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the test module further includes a direct connection path, and the direct connection path is connected in parallel with the charge and discharge path;

[0012] The switch unit is further configured to be in the first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in the test state, so as to conduct the charge and discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0013] The switch unit is further configured to be in the second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path and connect the direct-connect path.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the switch unit includes a single-pole double-throw switch, a first end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the positive electrode access end of the battery, a second end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the charging input end of the charging and discharging path, and a third end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the charging output end of the charging and discharging path;

[0015] The first on-off state includes that the second end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the first end to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0016] The second on-off state includes that the second end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end to disconnect the charge-discharge path and conduct the direct-connection path;

[0017] or,

[0018] The switch unit includes a first switch and a second switch, the first switch is connected in series to the charge-discharge path, and the second switch is connected in series to the direct-connection path;

[0019] The first on-off state includes that the first switch is closed and the second switch is opened to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0020] The second on-off state includes: the first switch is opened, and the second switch is closed, so as to disconnect the charge-discharge path and connect the direct-connect path;

[0021] or,

[0022] The switch unit comprises a first contactor, a first normally open contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the direct-connection path, and a first normally closed contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the charge-discharge path;

[0023] The first on-off state includes that the first normally closed contact is in a closed state and the first normally open contact is in an open state, so as to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0024] The second on-off state includes that the first normally closed contact is in an open state and the first normally open contact is in a closed state, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path and connect the direct-connect path.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the charging and discharging path includes a first sub-path corresponding to the positive electrode access end of the battery, and a second sub-path corresponding to the negative electrode access end of the battery;

[0026] The switch unit is further configured to be in the first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in the test state, so as to connect the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0027] The switch unit is further configured to be in the second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path.

[0028] As an optional implementation, the switch unit includes a double-pole double-throw switch, a first end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the charging input end of the charging and discharging path, a second end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the positive electrode access end of the test module, a third end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fourth end of the double-pole double-throw switch, a fifth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the negative electrode access end of the battery, and a sixth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the charging output end of the charging and discharging path;

[0029] The first on-off state includes that the first end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second end of the double-pole double-throw switch, and the sixth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fifth end of the double-pole double-throw switch, so as to conduct the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0030] The second on-off state includes that the first end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end of the double-pole double-throw switch, and the sixth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fourth end of the double-pole double-throw switch, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path;

[0031] or,

[0032] The switch unit includes a third switch, a fourth switch and a fifth switch, wherein the third switch is connected in series to the direct-connection path, the fourth switch is connected in series to the first sub-path, and the fifth switch is connected in series to the second sub-path;

[0033] The first on-off state includes that the third switch is opened, and the fourth switch and the fifth switch are closed, so as to conduct the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0034] The second on-off state includes that the third switch is closed, and the fourth switch and the fifth switch are opened, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path;

[0035] or,

[0036] The switch unit comprises a second contactor, a second normally open contact of the second contactor is connected in series to the direct-connection path, a second normally closed contact of the second contactor is connected in series to the first sub-path, and a third normally closed contact of the second contactor is connected in series to the second sub-path;

[0037] The first on-off state includes that the second normally open contact is in an open state, and the second normally closed contact and the third normally closed contact are in a closed state, so as to conduct the first sub-path and the second sub-path and disconnect the direct-connection path;

[0038] The second on-off state includes that the second normally open contact is in a closed state, and the two normally closed contacts and the third normally closed contact are in an open state, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the charging and discharging device further includes a first control module, and the first control module is respectively connected to the switch units of the N test modules;

[0040] The first control module is used to control the switch unit of the target test module to be in a first on-off state when the target battery pack to be tested is in a test state, so as to turn on the charge and discharge path corresponding to the target battery pack to be tested; the target battery pack to be tested is any battery pack to be tested, and the target test module is a test module connected to the target battery pack to be tested;

[0041] The first control module is further configured to control the switch unit of the target test module to be in a second on-off state to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the target battery pack to be tested when the test of the target battery pack to be tested is completed.

[0042] As an optional implementation, the charging and discharging device further includes a power management module and a second control module, and the second control module is connected to the power management module and the first control module respectively;

[0043] The power management module is used to collect test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested;

[0044] The second control module is used to obtain the test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested, and send the test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested to the host computer, so that the host computer is used to issue an instruction command when it is determined that the test of the target battery pack to be tested is completed according to the test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested;

[0045] The second control module is further configured to receive the instruction command and send the instruction command to the first control module.

[0046] As an optional implementation, the test module further includes a voltage conversion module;

[0047] The voltage conversion module is used to perform voltage conversion processing on the charging voltage input to the test module to obtain a first target voltage, and output the first target voltage to the battery pack to be tested to charge the battery pack to be tested;

[0048] The voltage conversion module is further used to perform voltage conversion processing on the discharge voltage output by the battery pack to be tested to obtain a second target voltage, and output the second target voltage.

[0049] As an optional implementation, the test module further includes an overcurrent protection unit, which is used to disconnect the charge and discharge path when the charging current of the test module or the discharging current output by the battery pack to be tested is greater than a preset current.

[0050] The embodiment of the present application discloses a charging and discharging system, including any one of the charging and discharging devices disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Compared with the related art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0052] The embodiment of the present application provides a charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system, wherein the charging and discharging device includes a charging and discharging output module and N test modules, wherein the N test modules are connected in series, wherein each test module includes a switch unit, a battery positive electrode access terminal and a battery negative electrode access terminal, wherein the charging and discharging output module includes a positive electrode DC terminal and a negative electrode DC terminal, wherein the battery positive electrode access terminal and the battery negative electrode access terminal are respectively used to connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a battery pack to be tested, wherein the test module and the connected battery pack to be tested form a charging and discharging path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested, wherein the positive electrode DC terminal is connected to the battery positive electrode access terminal of the first test module, and the negative electrode DC terminal is connected to the battery positive electrode access terminal of the Nth test module. The battery negative electrode access terminal is connected, the charge and discharge output module is used to receive the electric energy released by the battery pack to be tested in the test state or to provide electric energy for the battery pack to be tested in the test state, the switch unit is used to be in the first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in the test state, so as to conduct the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested, so as to test the battery pack to be tested through the charge and discharge path, and the switch unit is also used to be in the second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested, avoid damaging the battery pack to be tested and the charge and discharge output module, and ensure the test reliability of the battery pack to be tested. By setting N test modules in the charge and discharge equipment, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, so that a single charge and discharge output module can be used to perform charge and discharge tests on N battery packs to be tested at the same time, relative to increasing the number of channels of the charge and discharge equipment, the manufacturing cost of the charge and discharge equipment can be greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0054] Figure 1 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a charging and discharging device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of a charging and discharging device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 3 This is the third structural schematic diagram of a charging and discharging device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 4 This is the fourth structural schematic diagram of a charging and discharging device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 5This is the fifth structural schematic diagram of a charging and discharging device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 6 This is the sixth structural schematic diagram of a charging and discharging device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a charging and discharging system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0063] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0064] It can be understood that the “connection” in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0065] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" and the like specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. At the same time, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0066] With the popularity of new energy vehicles, higher requirements are placed on the production capacity of automotive battery packs, which must ensure both the output efficiency and the safety testing of automotive battery packs. On the automotive battery pack production line, the process of charging and discharging the automotive battery pack is complex and varied. Currently, a single channel of the charging and discharging equipment can only test one automotive battery pack. Even though there are dual-channel, four-channel or even freely expandable charging and discharging equipment with multiple channels in the relevant technology, this type of charging and discharging equipment occupies a large area and has a high manufacturing cost, resulting in high testing costs for the battery pack.

[0067] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application disclose a charging and discharging device and a charging and discharging system, which can connect multiple battery packs to be tested to the same channel for charging and discharging testing, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the charging and discharging device. Detailed descriptions are given below.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows one of the structural schematic diagrams of a charging and discharging device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the charging and discharging device may include a charging and discharging output module 130 and N test modules 110, each test module 110 includes a switch unit 111, a battery positive electrode access terminal L1 and a battery negative electrode access terminal N1, the battery positive electrode access terminal L1 is used to connect the positive electrode of the battery pack 120 to be tested, the battery negative electrode access terminal N1 is used to connect the negative electrode of the battery pack 120 to be tested, the test module 110 and the connected battery pack 120 to be tested form a charging and discharging path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested, and the switch unit 111 is used to be in a first on-off state when the battery pack 120 to be tested is in a test state, so as to conduct the charging and discharging path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested, so as to perform a charging and discharging test on the battery pack 120 to be tested through the charging and discharging path. The switch unit 111 is also used to be in a second on-off state when the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the charging and discharging path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested. The charge and discharge output module 130 includes a positive DC terminal L2 and a negative DC terminal N2, wherein the positive DC terminal L2 is connected to the positive battery access terminal L1 of the first test module 110, and the negative DC terminal N2 is connected to the negative battery access terminal N1 of the Nth test module 110, and the charge and discharge output module 130 is used to receive the electric energy released by the battery pack 120 to be tested in the test state or to provide electric energy for the battery pack 120 to be tested in the test state. Wherein, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0069] It should be noted that the battery pack 120 to be tested is a battery pack that needs to be connected to the test module 110. The battery pack may include only one battery, or include multiple batteries connected in series and / or in parallel. N test modules 110 can be connected to different battery packs 120 to be tested in the same time period to achieve testing of N battery packs 120 to be tested at the same time. The charging and discharging equipment can be used to perform charging and discharging tests on the battery pack 120 to be tested, so as to analyze the capacity of the battery pack 120 to be tested, control the battery pack 120 to be tested to charge and discharge according to the battery pack test process flow, and can also obtain BMS (Battery Management System) data, that is, data collected by the BMS, such as the test parameters of the battery cell voltage, temperature and current of the battery pack 120 to be tested, so as to determine the capacity of the battery pack 120 to be tested. The battery pack 120 to be tested is in the test state, which means that the charging and discharging equipment is needed to charge and discharge the battery pack 120 to be tested. The completion of the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested means that a certain test parameter of the battery pack 120 to be tested reaches a preset threshold value. For example, when the battery pack 120 to be tested is charged, the voltage of the battery pack 120 to be tested reaches the first preset voltage threshold value, then the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested is considered to be completed. When the battery pack 120 to be tested is discharged, the voltage of the battery pack 120 to be tested reaches the second preset voltage threshold value, then the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested is considered to be completed, wherein the first preset voltage threshold value is greater than the second preset voltage threshold value. It can be seen that in a charge and discharge test, the charge and discharge path may be disconnected multiple times. The charging and discharging equipment can be used as a charging power source for the battery pack 120 to be tested to realize constant current charging of the battery pack 120 to be tested, and can also be used as a discharge load for the battery pack 120 to be tested, feeding back the energy of the battery pack 120 to be tested during constant current discharge to the power grid to realize energy regeneration. The positive DC terminal L2 of the charge and discharge output module 130 is connected to the battery positive access terminal L1 of the first test module 110, and the negative DC terminal N2 of the charge and discharge output module 130 is connected to the negative access terminal of the Nth test module 110. The charge and discharge output module 130 can be used to switch the working mode of the charge and discharge output module 130 to receive the electric energy released by the target battery pack to be tested in the test state or to provide electric energy to the target battery pack to be tested in the test state. The working mode of the charge and discharge output module 130 includes a charging mode and a discharging mode.

[0070] It should be noted that the charge and discharge output module 130 may also include an AC terminal. When the charge and discharge output module 130 is in a charging mode, the charge and discharge output module 130 may be used to convert the AC power input from the AC terminal into DC power, and output it from the positive DC terminal L2. When the charge and discharge output module 130 is in a discharging mode, the charge and discharge output module 130 may be used to convert the DC power input from the negative DC terminal N2 into AC power, and output it from the AC terminal. In this embodiment, N test modules 110 are connected to the one charge and discharge output module 130 to form a path, and N test modules 110 can be tested simultaneously through one charge and discharge output module 130. Optionally, the AC terminal of the charge and discharge output module 130 may be connected to a power grid.

[0071] Optionally, the charge and discharge output module 130 may include an AC-DC (AC / DC) conversion module, the AC end of the AC-DC conversion module serves as the AC end of the charge and discharge output module 130, the positive DC end of the AC-DC conversion module serves as the positive DC end L2 of the charge and discharge output module 130, and the negative DC end of the AC-DC conversion module serves as the negative DC end N2 of the charge and discharge output module 130.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The charging and discharging device may further include a second control module 140, which is connected to the charging and discharging output module 130, and is used to control the charging and discharging output module 130 to switch the working mode of the charging and discharging output module 130. Optionally, the second control module 140 may have built-in test software, and the second control module 140 may control the working mode of the charging and discharging output module 130 based on the test software to perform a charging and discharging test on the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110.

[0073] It is understandable that the charging and discharging device may include one or more charging and discharging output modules 130, each charging and discharging output module 130 may be connected to one or more test modules 110, or may not be connected to the test module 110, and the number of test modules 110 connected to each test channel may be the same or different, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. If the charging and discharging device includes M charging and discharging output modules 130, each charging and discharging output module 130 is connected to N test modules, then the charging and discharging device can realize simultaneous testing of M*N battery packs 120, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0074] It should be noted that the number of test modules 110 can be set as required, such as Figure 1 As shown, it shows a case where four test modules 110 are included. Optionally, N may range from 3 to 6. For example, N is 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0075] It should be noted that, for the case where one charge-discharge output module 130 can only test one battery pack, if N battery packs are to be tested at the same time, N charge-discharge devices or a charge-discharge device with at least N charge-discharge output modules 130 are required, but in the embodiment of the present application, only one charge-discharge device with N test modules 110 is required. If the same number of charge-discharge devices are used, or a charge-discharge device with the same number of charge-discharge output modules 130 is used, the charge-discharge device provided in the embodiment of the present application can test N*N battery packs at the same time, and the production efficiency can be greatly improved. It can be understood that the rated output power of the charge-discharge device must meet the total load power of the battery pack to be tested. Although the price of a charge-discharge device with a large rated power is relatively high, the cost of a charge-discharge device with a large rated power is also much lower than the cost of a device with multiple charge-discharge output modules 130, or multiple charge-discharge devices. It can be seen that the charge-discharge device provided in the embodiment of the present application can test N battery packs to be tested through one charge-discharge output module 130, which can greatly reduce the cost of the charge-discharge device when the target production efficiency needs to be met. At the same cost, the testing efficiency of the battery pack can be greatly improved.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging and discharging device includes a charging and discharging output module 130 and N test modules 110 connected in series, each test module 110 includes a switch unit 111, a battery positive electrode access terminal L1 and a battery negative electrode access terminal N1, the charging and discharging output module 130 includes a positive DC terminal L2 and a negative DC terminal N2, each test module 110 can be connected to a battery pack 120 to be tested, and the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110 forms a charging and discharging path with the test module 110, the positive DC terminal L2 is connected to the battery positive electrode access terminal L1 of the first test module 110, and the negative DC terminal N2 is connected to the battery negative electrode access terminal N1 of the Nth test module 110, and the charging and discharging output module 130 is used to receive The switch unit 111 is used to release the electric energy of the battery pack 120 to be tested in the test state or provide electric energy for the battery pack 120 to be tested in the test state. When the battery pack 120 to be tested is in the test state, it is in the first on-off state to conduct the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested, so as to charge and discharge the battery pack 120 to be tested through the charge and discharge path, so as to perform charge and discharge test on the battery pack 120 to be tested. The switch unit 111 is also used to be in the second on-off state to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested when the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested is completed, so as to avoid overcharging or over-discharging of the battery pack 120 to be tested, thereby ensuring the test reliability of the battery pack 120 to be tested. In the embodiment of the present application, the charge and discharge device is provided with N test modules 110, so that the N battery packs 120 to be tested can be tested simultaneously using a single channel of the charge and discharge device, which can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the charge and discharge device compared with increasing the number of channels of the charge and discharge device.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 2 , which shows a second structural schematic diagram of another charging and discharging device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, each test module 110 may also include a direct-connection path 210, and the direct-connection path 210 of the test module 110 is connected in parallel with the charge and discharge path of the test module 110. The switch unit 111 is also used to be in a first on-off state when the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110 is in a test state, so as to turn on the charge and discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path 210. The switch unit 111 is also used to be in a second on-off state when the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110 is completed, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path and turn on the direct-connection path 210.

[0078] It should be noted that when the battery pack 120 to be tested is in the test state, the switch unit 111 of the test module 110 conducts the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested, and disconnects the direct-connection path 210 in parallel with the charge and discharge path, so that the battery pack 120 to be tested can receive the voltage provided by the charge and discharge output module 130, and can also release the electric energy to the charge and discharge output module 130, so as to realize the charge and discharge test of the battery pack 120 to be tested. When the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested is completed, the switch unit 111 of the test module 110 disconnects the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested and conducts the direct-connection path 210 in parallel with the charge and discharge path, so as to avoid the battery pack 120 to be tested from continuing to charge or discharge after the test is completed, resulting in damage to the battery pack 120 to be tested.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, a direct-connection path 210 connected in parallel with the charge and discharge path is provided in the test module 110. When the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110 is completed, although the charge and discharge path of the battery pack 120 to be tested is disconnected, voltage transmission can still be achieved through the direct-connection path 210 of the test module 110, and the path between the charge and discharge output module 130 and each test module 110 is maintained conductive, so that the disconnection of one charge and discharge path will not affect the continued testing of the battery pack 120 to be tested of other test modules 110, thereby improving the test reliability of the charging and discharging equipment.

[0080] At the same time, by respectively setting a switch unit 111 in each test module 110, the on-off state of the charge and discharge path and the direct-connection path 210 of the test module 110 is adjusted by the on-off state of the switch unit 111 itself, so as to facilitate the on-off adjustment of the charge and discharge path and the direct-connection path 210. At the same time, the structure of the switch unit 111 is simple, and the cost of the switch unit 111 is lower than the cost of the charge and discharge output module 130, such as the AC-DC conversion module. It can be seen that the charge and discharge equipment provided in this embodiment can realize the testing of multiple battery packs 120 to be tested at the same time, which makes the cost of the charge and discharge equipment lower and reduces the footprint of the charge and discharge equipment.

[0081] In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 2, the charging and discharging device may also include a first control module 220, which is respectively connected to the switch units of the N test modules 110. The first control module 220 is used to control the switch unit of the target test module to be in a first on-off state when the target battery pack to be tested is in a test state, so as to conduct the charging and discharging path corresponding to the target battery pack to be tested. The first control module 220 is also used to control the switch unit of the target test module to be in a second on-off state when the test of the target battery pack to be tested 120 is completed, so as to disconnect the charging and discharging path corresponding to the target battery pack to be tested. Among them, the target battery pack to be tested is any battery pack to be tested 120, and the target test module is the test module connected to the target battery pack to be tested. Optionally, the first control module 220 may include a LEAD (lead) controller, which mainly uses its phase angle lead characteristics to increase the system's cross-over frequency, thereby increasing the system bandwidth and speeding up the system's response speed. In this embodiment, the first control module 220 is arranged to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested when the test of any battery pack 120 to be tested is completed, so that the battery pack 120 to be tested that has completed the test is automatically disconnected from the load circuit of the charge and discharge output module 130, without the need for human intervention, thereby reducing the labor required for testing and improving test reliability and test efficiency.

[0082] In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 2 , the switch unit 111 may include a first switch K1 and a second switch K2, the first switch K1 is connected in series to the charge and discharge path, and the second switch K2 is connected in series to the direct connection path 210. The first on-off state includes the first switch K1 being closed and the second switch K2 being opened to conduct the charge and discharge path and disconnect the direct connection path 210. The second on-off state includes the first switch K1 being opened and the second switch K2 being closed to disconnect the charge and discharge path and conduct the direct connection path 210. In this embodiment, by connecting the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 in series to the charge and discharge path and the direct connection path 210, respectively, the first control module 220 may be connected to the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, respectively, and the first control module controls the on-off state of the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to respectively conduct or disconnect the charge and discharge path and the direct connection path 210. Optionally, the first switch K1 may be connected in series to the first sub-path corresponding to the positive electrode access terminal of the battery, or the second sub-path corresponding to the negative electrode access terminal of the battery. The first sub-path and the second sub-path will be described in the following embodiments.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, the switch unit may include a single-pole double-throw switch, see Figure 3, the first end B1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 is connected to the positive electrode access terminal L1 of the battery, the second end A1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 is connected to the charging input end of the charging and discharging path, and the third end B2 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 is connected to the charging output end of the charging and discharging path. The first on-off state includes the second end A1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 being connected to the first end B1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 to conduct the charging and discharging path and disconnect the direct-connection path 210. The second on-off state includes the second end A1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 being connected to the third end B2 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 to disconnect the charging and discharging path and conduct the direct-connection path 210.

[0084] It should be noted that the single-pole double-throw switch 310 is used to selectively conduct the second end A1 and the third end B2 or the second end A1 and the first end B1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310, and the charge-discharge path may include a charge input end and a charge output end, the charge input end of the charge-discharge path of the i-th test module 110 is connected to the charge output end of the charge-discharge path of the i-1-th test module 110, the charge input end of the charge-discharge path of the first test module 110 is connected to the positive DC end L2 of the charge-discharge output module 130, and the charge output end of the charge-discharge path of the N-th test module 110 is connected to the negative DC end N2 of the charge-discharge output module 130. Wherein, 2≤i≤N, and i is an integer. In this embodiment, by connecting the second end A1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 to the charging input end of the charging and discharging path, connecting the first end B1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 to the positive access end L1 of the battery, and connecting the third end B2 of the single-pole double-throw switch 310 to the charging output end of the charging and discharging path, the first control module 220 can control the single-pole double-throw switch 310 to conduct the second end A1 and the first end B1, or to conduct the second end A1 and the third end B2, so as to control the on and off of the charging and discharging path and the direct-connection path 210.

[0085] In an optional embodiment, the switch unit may include a first contactor, a first normally open contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the direct-connection path 210, and a first normally closed contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the charge-discharge path. The first on-off state includes the first normally open contact being in an open state and the first normally closed contact being in a closed state, so as to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path 210. The second on-off state includes the first normally open contact being in a closed state and the first normally closed contact being in an open state, so as to disconnect the charge-discharge path and conduct the direct-connection path 210.

[0086] It should be noted that the first normally open contact is any one of the normally open contacts in the first contactor, and the second normally closed contact is any one of the normally closed contacts in the first contactor. The contactor includes a normally open contact and a normally closed contact, and both the normally open contact and the normally closed contact have two ports. For the sake of convenience, the two ports are respectively referred to as the first end and the second end. When the coil of the contactor is not energized, the first end of the normally open contact is disconnected from the second end of the normally open contact, and the first end of the normally closed contact is connected to the second end of the normally closed contact; when the coil of the contactor is energized, the first end of the normally open contact is closed from the second end of the normally open contact, and the first end of the normally closed contact is disconnected from the second end of the normally closed contact.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first normally open contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the direct-connection path 210, and the first normally closed contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the charge-discharge path. When the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110 is completed, the first control module 220 energizes the coil of the first contactor, so that the charge-discharge path is disconnected while the direct-connection path 210 is turned on, ensuring that the load circuit of the charge-discharge output module 130 is turned on, ensuring that other battery packs to be tested that have not completed the test can continue to be tested, and improving the test reliability of the charge-discharge device. At the same time, since the on-off state of the direct-connection path 210 and the charge-discharge path can be controlled by setting a contactor, the number of output ports required by the first control module 220 can be reduced.

[0088] In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 2 The charging and discharging device may further include a power module 230, which is connected to the coil of the first contactor of each test module 110. The power module 230 may be used to convert an AC voltage into a DC voltage and output the DC voltage. The power module 230 and the coil of the first contactor form a power supply path for the coil of the first contactor. The first control module 220 may control the on and off of the charging and discharging path and the direct-connection path 210 by controlling the on and off of the power supply path of the coil of the first contactor. Specifically, the first on-off state includes that the power supply path is in an off state, so that the first normally open contact is in an off state, and the first normally closed contact is in a closed state, so as to conduct the charging and discharging path and disconnect the direct-connection path 210. The second on-off state includes that the power supply path is in an on state, so that the first normally open contact is in a closed state, and the first normally closed contact is in an off state, so as to disconnect the charging and discharging path and conduct the direct-connection path 210.

[0089] Optionally, the power module 230 is connected to the first control module 220 and the second control module, and the power module 230 is also used to provide the DC voltage to the first control module 220 and the second control module to ensure that the first control module 220 and the second control module work normally.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 4 , which shows a fourth structural schematic diagram of a charging and discharging device provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein the charging and discharging path includes a first subpath corresponding to the battery positive electrode access terminal L1 and a second subpath corresponding to the battery negative electrode access terminal N1, and the switch unit is also used to be in a first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in a test state, so as to conduct the first subpath and the second subpath, and disconnect the direct-connection path 210, and the switch unit is also used to be in a second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the first subpath and the second subpath, and conduct the direct-connection path 210. It should be noted that the first subpath refers to the path formed by the charging input terminal of the charging and discharging path and the battery positive electrode access terminal L1, and the second subpath refers to the path formed by the battery negative electrode access terminal N1 and the charging output terminal of the charging and discharging path. By disconnecting the first subpath and the second subpath when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed by the switch unit of the test module, the risk of electric shock caused by the voltage in the first subpath or the second subpath can be avoided, thereby improving the safety of the charging and discharging device and facilitating the tester to repair the test module.

[0091] In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 4 , the switch unit may include a third switch K3, a fourth switch K4, and a fifth switch K5. The third switch K3 is connected in series to the direct-connection path 210, the fourth switch K4 is connected in series to the first sub-path, and the fifth switch K5 is connected in series to the second sub-path. The first on-off state includes the third switch K3 being opened, the fourth switch K4 being closed, and the fifth switch K5 being closed, so as to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path 210. The second on-off state includes the third switch K3 being closed, the fourth switch K4 being opened, and the fifth switch K5 being opened, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and conduct the direct-connection path 210.

[0092] Optionally, the first control module is connected to the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 of the target test module respectively. When the target battery pack to be tested connected to the target test module is in a test state, the first control module controls the third switch K3 of the target test module to be disconnected, and controls the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 of the target test module to be closed. When the test of the target battery pack to be tested connected to the target test module is completed, the first control module controls the third switch K3 of the target test module to be closed, and controls the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 of the target test module to be disconnected.

[0093] In an alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 5The switch unit may include a double-pole double-throw switch 510, wherein a first terminal A2 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 is connected to a charging input terminal of the charge-discharge path, a second terminal B3 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 is connected to a positive battery access terminal of the test module, a third terminal B4 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 is connected to a fourth terminal B5 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510, a fifth terminal B6 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 is connected to a negative battery access terminal of the test module, and a sixth terminal A3 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 is connected to a charging output terminal of the charge-discharge path. The first on-off state includes the first terminal A2 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 being connected to a second terminal B3 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510, and the sixth terminal A3 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 being connected to a fifth terminal B6 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510, so as to conduct the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and disconnect the direct-connection path. The second on-off state includes the first end A2 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 being connected to the third end B4 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510, and the sixth end A3 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 being connected to the fourth end B5 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path 210.

[0094] It should be noted that for the description of the charging input terminal and the charging output terminal of the charging and discharging path, please refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here. The third terminal B4 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 and the fourth terminal B5 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510 are connected through a direct-connection path, and the double-pole double-throw switch 510 can be used to selectively conduct the first terminal A2 and the second terminal B3, and the sixth terminal A3 and the fifth terminal B6 of the double-pole double-throw switch 510, or the first terminal A2 and the third terminal B4, and the sixth terminal A3 and the fourth terminal B5, so as to selectively conduct the direct-connection path and disconnect the charging and discharging path, or disconnect the direct-connection path and conduct the charging and discharging path.

[0095] In an optional embodiment, the switch unit may include a second contactor, the second contactor includes a second normally open contact, a second normally closed contact and a third normally closed contact, the second normally open contact is connected in series to the direct-connection path, the second normally closed contact is connected in series to the first sub-pathway, and the third normally closed contact is connected in series to the second sub-pathway. The first on-off state includes the second normally open contact being in an open state, the second normally closed contact being in a closed state, and the third normally closed contact being in a closed state, so as to conduct the first sub-pathway and the second sub-pathway and disconnect the direct-connection path. The second on-off state includes the second normally open contact being in a closed state, the second normally closed contact being in an open state, and the third normally closed contact being in an open state, so as to disconnect the first sub-pathway and the second sub-pathway and conduct the direct-connection path. It should be noted that for the description of the normally open contact and the normally closed contact of the contactor, please refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] In an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 4The test module may also include an overcurrent protection circuit 410, which is used to disconnect the charge and discharge path when the charging current of the test module or the discharge current output by the battery pack to be tested is greater than a preset current. Optionally, the overcurrent protection circuit 410 is connected in series with the charge and discharge path. Specifically, the overcurrent protection circuit 410 is connected in series between the charging input terminal of the charge and discharge path and the battery positive electrode access terminal L1. Optionally, the overcurrent protection circuit 410 may include a fuse or a current relay.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 6 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging and discharging device provided in this embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, each test module 110 may further include a voltage conversion module 610, which is used to perform voltage conversion processing on the charging voltage input to the test module 110 to obtain a first target voltage, and output the first target voltage to the battery pack to be tested 120 to charge the battery pack to be tested 120. The voltage conversion module 610 is also used to perform voltage conversion processing on the discharge voltage output by the battery pack to be tested 120 to obtain a second target voltage, and output the second target voltage.

[0098] Optionally, the voltage conversion module 610 may include a DC-DC (direct current / direct current) conversion module, so that the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110 can be charged at a first target voltage corresponding thereto, and the charge and discharge output module can serve as a discharge load for the battery pack 120 to be tested.

[0099] In an optional embodiment, the voltage conversion module 610 is connected to the second control module 140, and the second control module 140 is also used to obtain the identification information of the battery pack 120 to be tested, and adjust the voltage value of the first target voltage output by the voltage conversion module 610 according to the identification information. Since there are many types of battery packs, different types of battery packs correspond to different test voltages. In this embodiment, the voltage value of the first target voltage output by the voltage conversion module 610 is adjusted by the second control module 140, so that the charging and discharging device can be used to test multiple types of battery packs, thereby improving the applicability of the charging and discharging device.

[0100] In an optional embodiment, the charging and discharging device may also include a power management module 620, which is connected to the second control module 140, and the second control module 140 is connected to the first control module 220. Among them, the power management module 620 is used to collect the test parameters of the target battery pack 120 to be tested. The second control module 140 is used to obtain the test parameters of the target battery pack 120 to be tested, and send the test parameters of the target battery pack 120 to the host computer, so that the host computer is used to issue an instruction command when it is determined that the test of the target battery pack 120 to be tested is completed according to the test parameters of the target battery pack 120 to be tested. The second control module 140 is also used to receive the instruction command and send the instruction command to the first control module 220.

[0101] It should be noted that the power management module 620 can be used to collect test parameters of the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to each test module 110, wherein the test parameters may include but are not limited to at least one of the cell voltage, temperature and current. The indication command can be used to instruct the first control module 220 to control the on-off state (first on-off state or second on-off state) of the switch unit of the target test module. The power management module 620 can collect in real time, and send the test parameters of each battery pack 120 to be tested in the test state to the second control module 140 in real time, and transmit the test parameters of each battery pack 120 to be tested to the host computer through the second control module 140, so that the host computer can determine whether each battery pack 120 to be tested is completed according to the test parameters of each battery pack 120 to be tested, and send an indication command to the first control module 220 when any battery pack 120 to be tested is completed, so that the first control module 220 controls the target charge and discharge path to be disconnected. Optionally, the first controller is also used to control the direct connection path connected in parallel with the target charge and discharge path to be turned on. The target charge and discharge path is the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested that has completed the test.

[0102] Optionally, the second control module 140 includes an RS-485 port, a CAN (Controller Area Network) port and an ETH (Ethernet) interface. The RS-485 port of the second control module 140 is connected to the first control module 220, the CAN port of the second control module 140 is connected to the power management module 620, and the ETH interface of the second control module 140 is connected to the host computer.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 7 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging and discharging system provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the charging and discharging system may include a charging and discharging device. For the description of the charging and discharging device, please refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0104] In an optional embodiment, the charging and discharging device may further include a host computer 150, which is connected to the second control module 140 of the charging and discharging device. The host computer sends the test software to the second control module 140 so that the second control module 140 can control the charging and discharging device to execute the battery pack test process. Optionally, the host computer may have built-in detection software, that is, the host computer can be used to determine whether the target battery pack to be tested has been tested according to the test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested, and issue an instruction command when it is determined that the target battery pack to be tested has been tested.

[0105] In the charging and discharging system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the charging and discharging device includes a charging and discharging output module 130 and N test modules 110 connected in series, each test module 110 includes a switch unit 111, a battery positive electrode access terminal L1 and a battery negative electrode access terminal N1, the charging and discharging output module 130 includes a positive DC terminal L2 and a negative DC terminal N2, each test module 110 can be connected to a battery pack 120 to be tested, the battery pack 120 to be tested connected to the test module 110 forms a charging and discharging path with the test module 110, the positive DC terminal L2 is connected to the battery positive electrode access terminal L1 of the first test module 110, the negative DC terminal N2 is connected to the battery negative electrode access terminal N1 of the Nth test module 110, and the charging and discharging output module 130 is used to receive the electric energy released by the battery pack 120 to be tested in the test state or to provide electric energy to the battery pack 120 to be tested in the test state. The switch unit 111 is used to be in a first on-off state when the battery pack 120 to be tested is in a test state, so as to conduct the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested, so as to charge and discharge the battery pack 120 to be tested through the charge and discharge path, so as to perform a charge and discharge test on the battery pack 120 to be tested. The switch unit 111 is also used to be in a second on-off state when the test of the battery pack 120 to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack 120 to be tested, so as to avoid overcharging or over-discharging of the battery pack 120 to be tested, and ensure the test reliability of the battery pack 120 to be tested. In the embodiment of the present application, the charge and discharge device is provided with N test modules 110, so that the N battery packs 120 to be tested can be tested simultaneously using a single channel of the charge and discharge device, which can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the charge and discharge device, that is, reduce the cost of the charge and discharge system.

[0106] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", "ideal embodiments", etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0107] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0108] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A charging and discharging device, characterized in that: include: N test modules, the N test modules are connected in series; The test module includes a switch unit, a battery positive electrode access terminal and a battery negative electrode access terminal, wherein the battery positive electrode access terminal is used to connect the positive electrode of the battery pack to be tested, and the battery negative electrode access terminal is used to connect the negative electrode of the battery pack to be tested. The test module and the connected battery pack to be tested form a charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; The switch unit is used to be in a first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in a test state, so as to turn on the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested, and perform a charge and discharge test on the battery pack to be tested through the charge and discharge path; The switch unit is further configured to be in a second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the battery pack to be tested; The charge and discharge output module includes a positive DC terminal and a negative DC terminal, wherein the positive DC terminal is connected to the positive battery access terminal of the first test module, and the negative DC terminal is connected to the negative battery access terminal of the Nth test module. The charge and discharge output module is used to receive the electric energy released by the battery pack to be tested in the test state or to provide electric energy to the battery pack to be tested in the test state.

2. The charging and discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test module further comprises a direct connection path, wherein the direct connection path is connected in parallel with the charge and discharge path; The switch unit is further configured to be in the first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in the test state, so as to conduct the charge and discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path; The switch unit is further configured to be in the second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path and connect the direct-connect path.

3. The charging and discharging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch unit comprises a single-pole double-throw switch, a first end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the positive electrode access end of the battery, a second end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the charging input end of the charging and discharging path, and a third end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the charging output end of the charging and discharging path; The first on-off state includes that the second end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the first end to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path; The second on-off state includes that the second end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end to disconnect the charge-discharge path and conduct the direct-connection path; or, The switch unit includes a first switch and a second switch, the first switch is connected in series to the charge-discharge path, and the second switch is connected in series to the direct-connection path; The first on-off state includes that the first switch is closed and the second switch is opened to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path; The second on-off state includes: the first switch is opened, and the second switch is closed, so as to disconnect the charge-discharge path and connect the direct-connect path; or, The switch unit comprises a first contactor, a first normally open contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the direct-connection path, and a first normally closed contact of the first contactor is connected in series to the charge-discharge path; The first on-off state includes that the first normally closed contact is in a closed state and the first normally open contact is in an open state, so as to conduct the charge-discharge path and disconnect the direct-connection path; The second on-off state includes that the first normally closed contact is in an open state and the first normally open contact is in a closed state, so as to disconnect the charge and discharge path and connect the direct-connect path.

4. The charging and discharging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charging and discharging path includes a first sub-path corresponding to the positive electrode access end of the battery, and a second sub-path corresponding to the negative electrode access end of the battery; The switch unit is further configured to be in the first on-off state when the battery pack to be tested is in the test state, so as to connect the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and disconnect the direct-connection path; The switch unit is further configured to be in the second on-off state when the test of the battery pack to be tested is completed, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path.

5. The charging and discharging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switch unit comprises a double-pole double-throw switch, wherein a first end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to a charging input end of the charging and discharging path, a second end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to a positive electrode access end of the test module, a third end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to a fourth end of the double-pole double-throw switch, a fifth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to a negative electrode access end of the battery, and a sixth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to a charging output end of the charging and discharging path; The first on-off state includes that the first end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second end of the double-pole double-throw switch, and the sixth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fifth end of the double-pole double-throw switch, so as to conduct the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and disconnect the direct-connection path; The second on-off state includes that the first end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end of the double-pole double-throw switch, and the sixth end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fourth end of the double-pole double-throw switch, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path; or, The switch unit includes a third switch, a fourth switch and a fifth switch, wherein the third switch is connected in series to the direct-connection path, the fourth switch is connected in series to the first sub-path, and the fifth switch is connected in series to the second sub-path; The first on-off state includes that the third switch is opened, and the fourth switch and the fifth switch are closed, so as to conduct the first sub-path and the second sub-path, and disconnect the direct-connection path; The second on-off state includes that the third switch is closed, and the fourth switch and the fifth switch are opened, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path; or, The switch unit comprises a second contactor, a second normally open contact of the second contactor is connected in series to the direct-connection path, a second normally closed contact of the second contactor is connected in series to the first sub-path, and a third normally closed contact of the second contactor is connected in series to the second sub-path; The first on-off state includes that the second normally open contact is in an open state, and the second normally closed contact and the third normally closed contact are in a closed state, so as to conduct the first sub-path and the second sub-path and disconnect the direct-connection path; The second on-off state includes that the second normally open contact is in a closed state, and the two normally closed contacts and the third normally closed contact are in an open state, so as to disconnect the first sub-path and the second sub-path and connect the direct-connection path.

6. The charging and discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging device further includes a first control module, and the first control module is respectively connected to the switch units of the N test modules; The first control module is used to control the switch unit of the target test module to be in a first on-off state when the target battery pack to be tested is in a test state, so as to turn on the charge and discharge path corresponding to the target battery pack to be tested; the target battery pack to be tested is any battery pack to be tested, and the target test module is a test module connected to the target battery pack to be tested; The first control module is further configured to control the switch unit of the target test module to be in a second on-off state to disconnect the charge and discharge path corresponding to the target battery pack to be tested when the test of the target battery pack to be tested is completed.

7. The charging and discharging device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charging and discharging device further includes a power management module and a second control module, wherein the second control module is connected to the power management module and the first control module respectively; The power management module is used to collect test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested; The second control module is used to obtain the test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested, and send the test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested to the host computer, so that the host computer is used to issue an instruction command when it is determined that the test of the target battery pack to be tested is completed according to the test parameters of the target battery pack to be tested; The second control module is further configured to receive the instruction command and send the instruction command to the first control module.

8. The charging and discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test module also includes a voltage conversion module; The voltage conversion module is used to perform voltage conversion processing on the charging voltage input to the test module to obtain a first target voltage, and output the first target voltage to the battery pack to be tested to charge the battery pack to be tested; The voltage conversion module is further used to perform voltage conversion processing on the discharge voltage output by the battery pack to be tested to obtain a second target voltage, and output the second target voltage.

9. The charging and discharging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test module further includes an overcurrent protection unit, which is used to disconnect the charge and discharge path when the charging current of the test module or the discharging current output by the battery pack to be tested is greater than a preset current.

10. A charging and discharging system, characterized in that: Comprising the charging and discharging device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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