Power supply circuit, battery management system, battery system and electric device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply circuit, a battery management system, a battery system and a power utilization device, and the power supply circuit comprises a switch module which is provided with a first end, a second end and a control end, and the first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the first end of a power supply; the first energy storage unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first energy storage unit is electrically connected with the second end of the switch module, the first end of the first energy storage unit is used for being connected with the first end of a load, and the second end of the first energy storage unit is used for being connected with the second end of the load; the switch control module is provided with a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end of the switch control module is electrically connected with the control end of the switch module, the second end of the switch control module is electrically connected with the first end of the power supply, and the third end of the switch control module is electrically connected with the second end of the first energy storage unit and the second end of the power supply; the second end of the power supply is coupled to the reference ground. Therefore, the load can be supported to continue to work for a period of time when the power supply is disconnected and is short-circuited, and the safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a power supply circuit, a battery management system, a battery system and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of circuit technology, users' requirements for power supply circuits are getting higher and higher.

[0003] If the power supply circuit is disconnected and shorted to the ground, the load will lose power immediately and cannot be used normally, which may cause safety hazards. For example, if the load is the brake system of a vehicle, the brake system suddenly loses power and stops working while the vehicle is driving, which will cause the vehicle to be unable to brake and easily cause traffic accidents.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a power supply solution that can avoid the load from being immediately powered off when a short to ground occurs after the power supply is momentarily disconnected. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides a power supply circuit, a battery management system, a battery system and an electrical device, which can control a switch module to be disconnected immediately through a switch control module when a short circuit occurs to the ground after the power supply is disconnected instantaneously, thereby preventing a first energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, so that the first energy storage unit can be discharged only to a load, supporting the load to continue working for a period of time, and extending the power-off time of the load. In this way, when a short circuit occurs to the ground after the power supply is disconnected instantaneously, the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power supply circuit, comprising: a switch module, having a first end, a second end and a control end, the first end of the switch module being electrically connected to the first end of a power supply; a first energy storage unit, having a first end and a second end, the first end of the first energy storage unit being electrically connected to the second end of the switch module, the first end of the first energy storage unit being also used to connect to the first end of a load, and the second end of the first energy storage unit being used to connect to the second end of the load; a switch control module, having a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end of the switch control module being electrically connected to the control end of the switch module, the second end of the switch control module being electrically connected to the first end of the power supply, the third end of the switch control module being electrically connected to the second end of the first energy storage unit and the second end of the power supply respectively, and the second end of the power supply being coupled to a reference ground.

[0007] In the embodiment of the present application, if the power supply is disconnected momentarily and short-circuited to the ground, the switch control module can be used to control the switch module to disconnect immediately, thereby preventing the first energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, so that the first energy storage unit can only discharge to the load, supporting the load to continue working for a period of time, and extending the power-off time of the load. In this way, when the power supply is disconnected momentarily and short-circuited to the ground, the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety.

[0008] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the switch control module includes at least a first switch control submodule, and the first switch control submodule includes: a first unidirectional conduction unit and a second energy storage unit; an input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit is electrically connected to a first end of a power supply, an output end of the first unidirectional conduction unit is electrically connected to a first end of the second energy storage unit, a first end of the second energy storage unit is electrically connected to a control end of the switch module, and a second end of the second energy storage unit is electrically connected to a second end of the power supply.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, if the power supply is disconnected and short-circuited to the ground, the second energy storage unit in the first switch submodule can discharge to the switch module, raising the voltage of the control end of the switch module, so that the switch module is disconnected. Therefore, the first energy storage unit can be prevented from discharging to the ground, and the first energy storage unit can be used to discharge to the load, supporting the load to continue to work for a period of time, so that the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety. Moreover, the first unidirectional conduction unit is provided to prevent the second energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, ensuring that the second energy storage unit can discharge to the switch module and disconnect the switch module in time.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the switch control module also includes: a second switch control submodule; a first end of the second switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply, a second end of the second switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first switch control submodule, and a third end of the second switch control submodule is electrically connected to the second end of the power supply.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present application, a second switch control submodule is added to control the switch module together with the first switch control submodule, so as to avoid the situation where only one first switch control submodule is set up and cannot ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time, thereby improving the control accuracy and stability of the switch module.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second switch control submodule includes: a second unidirectional conduction unit and a third energy storage unit; the input end of the second unidirectional conduction unit is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply, the output end of the second unidirectional conduction unit is electrically connected to the first end of the third energy storage unit and the input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit, respectively, the first end of the third energy storage unit is electrically connected to the input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit, and the second end of the third energy storage unit is electrically connected to the second end of the power supply.

[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, raising the voltage of the control end of the switch module by only using a second energy storage unit may not be able to raise the voltage of the control end of the switch module high enough, thereby failing to disconnect the switch module in time. Therefore, a third energy storage unit can be added to ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time, and a second unidirectional conduction unit can be added at the same time to prevent the third energy storage unit from discharging to the ground.

[0014] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the switch control module further includes: a voltage amplifying submodule; a first end of the voltage amplifying submodule is electrically connected to a second end of the second switch control submodule, a second end of the voltage amplifying submodule is electrically connected to a first end of the first switch control submodule, and a third end of the voltage amplifying submodule is electrically connected to a first end of the switch module and a first end of the power supply, respectively.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, a voltage amplification submodule is added to amplify the signal output by the second switch control submodule, so as to avoid the situation where the second switch control submodule and the first switch control submodule jointly control and still cannot ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time, thereby further improving the control accuracy and stability of the switch module.

[0016] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the voltage amplification submodule includes: a current control unit and a current limiting unit; the first end of the current control unit is electrically connected to the output end of the second unidirectional conduction unit and the first end of the third energy storage unit, respectively, the second end of the current control unit is electrically connected to the input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit, the third end of the current control unit is electrically connected to the first end of the current limiting unit, and the second end of the current limiting unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch module and the first end of the power supply, respectively.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the third energy storage unit can be amplified by the current control unit, so as to more reliably ensure that the voltage of the control end of the switch module is raised to a sufficiently high level, so as to ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time when the power supply is momentarily disconnected and the ground is shorted, and the current control unit is prevented from being broken down by setting a current limiting unit.

[0018] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the switch control module also includes: a first unidirectional conduction sub-module; the input end of the first unidirectional conduction sub-module is electrically connected to the second end of the current limiting unit, and the output end of the first unidirectional conduction sub-module is electrically connected to the first end of the switch module and the first end of the power supply respectively.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing the first unidirectional conduction submodule, it is possible to prevent the current from flowing from the positive electrode of the power supply into the voltage amplification submodule when the power supply is working normally.

[0020] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the switch control module further includes: a current limiting submodule; the first end of the current limiting submodule is electrically connected to the output end of the first unidirectional conduction unit and the first end of the second energy storage unit, respectively, and the second end of the current limiting submodule is electrically connected to the control end of the switch module.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the current flowing to the control end of the switch module can be limited by the current limiting submodule to prevent the current flowing to the control end of the switch module from being too large, causing the switch module to be broken down.

[0022] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the switch control module also includes: a voltage divider submodule; the first end of the voltage divider submodule is electrically connected to the output end of the first unidirectional conduction unit, the first end of the second energy storage unit and the first end of the current limiting submodule, and the second end of the voltage divider submodule is electrically connected to the second end of the second energy storage unit and the second end of the power supply.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, voltage division can be achieved by setting a voltage dividing submodule and a current limiting submodule in parallel, thereby reducing the current flowing to the control end of the switch module and preventing the switch module from being broken down.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the switch control module also includes: a second unidirectional conduction submodule; the input end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is electrically connected to the control end of the switch module and the second end of the current limiting submodule, respectively, the output end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is electrically connected to the first end of the first energy storage unit, and the output end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is also used to connect the first end of the load.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the control end of the branch release switch module can be set, and a second unidirectional conduction submodule can be set on the branch to prevent the first energy storage unit from discharging through the branch, thereby ensuring that the first energy storage unit only discharges to the load and extending the load power-off time.

[0026] Based on the same design concept, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery management system, the battery management system comprising: a power supply circuit as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0027] Based on the same design concept, in a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery system, the battery system comprising a battery and a battery management system as described in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.

[0028] Based on the same design concept, in a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, the electrical device comprising a battery system as described in any one of the embodiments of the third aspect.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 A second structural schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 A third structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A fourth structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A fifth structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A sixth structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 A seventh structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 An eighth structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Fig. 9 A ninth structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Fig.10 A tenth structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Fig.11 The eleventh structural diagram of a power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the module structure of a battery system provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0043] In the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0044] In the attached figure:

[0045] Q1, switch; C1, energy storage element; BT2, low voltage power supply terminal; R1, first resistor; R2, second resistor; S1, first switch; S2, second switch; R3, target load;

[0046] 300, load; 400, battery system; 500, battery; 600, battery management system;

[0047] 210, switch module; 220, first energy storage unit; 230, switch control module; 240, power supply;

[0048] 231, first switch control submodule; 232, second switch control submodule; 233, voltage amplification submodule; 234, first unidirectional conduction submodule; 235, current limiting submodule; 236, voltage dividing submodule; 237, second unidirectional conduction submodule;

[0049] 2311, a first unidirectional conducting unit; 2312, a second energy storage unit;

[0050] 2321, a second unidirectional conduction unit; 2322, a third energy storage unit;

[0051] 2331. current control unit; 2332. current limiting unit;

[0052] S3, third switch; S4, fourth switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0056] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] At present, with the development of circuit technology, users have higher and higher requirements on power supply circuits.

[0061] The researchers of this application noticed that if the power supply circuit is disconnected and then short-circuited to the ground, the load will be immediately powered off and cannot be used normally, which may cause potential safety hazards. For example, if the load is the braking system of a vehicle, the braking system suddenly loses power and stops working during the driving of the vehicle, which will cause the vehicle to be unable to brake and easily cause traffic accidents. Therefore, in order to improve safety, when the power supply circuit is disconnected and then short-circuited to the ground, it is necessary to meet the short-time interruption standard of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which is: within 100us, the output of the high and low side chips driving the relay can maintain the relay to continue to be closed, that is, when the power supply circuit is disconnected and then short-circuited to the ground, it is necessary to continue to discharge the high and low side chips as the load for at least 100us, so that the output of the high and low side chips can maintain the relay to continue to be closed for at least 100us. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that can meet the ISO standard short-time interruption standard.

[0062] In order to solve the above technical problems, the researchers of this application have found that the power supply circuit in the related technology can be as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit includes a switch Q1, an energy storage element C1, a low-voltage power supply terminal BT2, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. In addition, a first switch S1 and a second switch S2 are provided. The normal operation of the power supply circuit is simulated by closing the first switch S1 and opening the second switch S2. The power supply circuit is simulated by opening the first switch S1 and closing the second switch S2. However, in the power supply circuit, when the low-voltage power supply terminal BT2 is shorted to the ground after being disconnected instantly (that is, the first switch S1 is disconnected and the second switch S2 is closed), the energy storage element C1 will discharge to the target load R3 while passing through the switch Q1 and the second switch S2, and discharge to the ground from the shortest loop path, so that the ISO standard short-term interruption standard cannot be met.

[0063] In order to prevent the energy storage element C1 from discharging to the ground from the shortest loop path through the switch Q1 and the second switch S2 when the low-voltage power supply terminal BT2 is disconnected instantly and short-circuited to the ground, the researchers of this application have thought of setting a unidirectional conductive element on the left side of Q1, the input end of the unidirectional conductive element is respectively connected to the right end of the first switch S1 and the upper end of the second switch S2, and the output end of the unidirectional conductive element is connected to the left end of the switch Q1. In this way, due to the unidirectional conductive characteristic of the unidirectional conductive element, when the low-voltage power supply terminal BT2 is disconnected instantly and short-circuited to the ground, the energy storage element C1 cannot discharge to the ground from the shortest loop path through the switch Q1 and the second switch S2, so it can meet the ISO standard short-term interruption standard. However, the researchers of this application have also found that due to the voltage drop of the unidirectional conductive element itself, the voltage supplied to the target load R3 by the power supply circuit may be insufficient during normal operation.

[0064] In order to meet the ISO standard short-term interruption standard and avoid the situation where the power supply circuit does not supply enough voltage to the load during normal operation due to voltage drop, the researchers of this application conducted further research and found that when the low-voltage power supply terminal BT2 is disconnected instantly and short-circuited to the ground, the energy storage element C1 will pass through the switch Q1 and the second switch S2. The fundamental reason for discharging to the ground from the shortest loop path is that the switch Q1 cannot be disconnected in time when the low-voltage power supply terminal BT2 is disconnected instantly and short-circuited to the ground, so the energy storage element C1 can pass through the switch Q1.

[0065] Based on the above findings, the researchers of the present application have proposed a power supply circuit, a battery system and an electrical device, which can control the switch module to be immediately disconnected through the switch control module when the power supply is disconnected instantly and the short circuit occurs to the ground, thereby preventing the first energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, and allowing the first energy storage unit to discharge only to the load, thereby supporting the load to continue working for a period of time and extending the power-off time of the load. In this way, when the power supply is disconnected instantly and the short circuit occurs to the ground, the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety.

[0066] Moreover, the internal resistance of the switch module can be ignored. When the power supply circuit is working normally, the switch module is not disconnected, and there will be no obvious voltage drop at the back end of the switch module, satisfying the condition that the output is equal to the input and there is no voltage difference. Therefore, there will be no situation where the load voltage is insufficient due to the voltage drop, and the normal operation of the load will not be affected.

[0067] In this way, the ISO standard short-time interruption standard is met, and there will be no situation where the power supply circuit does not supply insufficient voltage to the load during normal operation due to voltage drop.

[0068] The power supply circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced in detail below.

[0069] Figure 2 The second structural diagram of the power supply circuit provided in some embodiments of the present application is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the power supply circuit may include: a switch module 210 , a first energy storage unit 220 and a switch control module 230 .

[0070] The switch module 210 may have a first end, a second end, and a control end. The first end of the switch module 210 may be electrically connected to the first end of the power supply 240 to receive an input voltage from the power supply 240. The second end of the switch module 210 may output a first voltage signal. The control end of the switch module 210 may receive a first control signal, which may be a voltage, and the voltage of the control end of the switch module 210 may be changed to close or disconnect the first end and the second end of the switch module 210.

[0071] Specifically, when the voltage difference between the control end and the first end of the switch module 210 is greater than or equal to the minimum voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the switch module 210, the first end and the second end of the switch module 210 are connected, that is, the switch module 210 is closed; when the voltage difference between the control end and the first end of the switch module 210 is less than the minimum voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the switch module 210, the first end and the second end of the switch module 210 are disconnected, that is, the switch module 210 is disconnected.

[0072] Exemplarily, the switch module 210 may be a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The MOSFET may have a gate, a source, and a drain. Specifically, the control terminal of the switch module 210 may be the gate of the MOSFET, the first terminal of the switch module 210 may be the source of the MOSFET, and the second terminal of the switch module 210 may be the drain of the MOSFET. Based on the characteristics of the MOSFET, when the voltage difference between the gate and the source of the MOSFET is greater than or equal to the minimum voltage difference between the drain and the source of the MOSFET, the drain and the source of the MOSFET are turned on, that is, the MOSFET is closed; when the voltage difference between the gate and the source of the MOSFET is less than the minimum voltage difference between the drain and the source of the MOSFET, the drain and the source of the MOSFET are turned off, that is, the MOSFET is turned off.

[0073] The first energy storage unit 220 may have a first end and a second end. The first end of the first energy storage unit 220 may be electrically connected to the second end of the switch module 210. The first end of the first energy storage unit 220 may also be used to connect to the first end of the load 300. The second end of the first energy storage unit 220 may be used to connect to the second end of the load 300.

[0074] The first energy storage unit 220 may be a device capable of storing and releasing electric energy. Specifically, when the power supply 240 is working normally, the first energy storage unit 220 may store electric energy; when the power supply 240 is disconnected momentarily and short-circuited to the ground, the first energy storage unit 220 may release the stored electric energy. Exemplarily, the first energy storage unit 220 may be a capacitor.

[0075] The switch control module 230 may have a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the switch control module 230 may be electrically connected to the control end of the switch module 210. The second end of the switch control module 230 may be electrically connected to the first end of the power supply 240 to receive an input voltage from the power supply 240. The third end of the switch control module 230 may be electrically connected to the second end of the first energy storage unit 220 and the second end of the power supply 240, respectively. The second end of the power supply 240 may be coupled to a reference ground.

[0076] The switch control module 230 can be used to control the switch module 210 to be disconnected immediately when the power source 240 is disconnected and shorted to ground.

[0077] The load 300 may be a vehicle load or other electrical equipment, and this application does not impose any specific limitation on this.

[0078] The power supply 240 may have a first end and a second end. Specifically, the first end of the power supply 240 may be a positive electrode of the power supply, and the second end of the power supply 240 may be a negative electrode of the power supply; or the first end of the power supply 240 may be a negative electrode of the power supply, and the second end of the power supply 240 may be a positive electrode of the power supply. Exemplarily, the power supply 240 may be a low-voltage power supply.

[0079] also, Figure 2 The third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are also shown in the figure. The first end of the third switch S3 is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply 240, the second end of the third switch S3 is electrically connected to the first end of the switch module 210, the first end of the switch control module 230 and the first end of the fourth switch S4 respectively, the first end of the fourth switch S4 is electrically connected to the first end of the switch module 210 and the first end of the switch control module 230 respectively, and the second end of the fourth switch S4 is electrically connected to the second end of the power supply 240. The third switch S3 is closed and the fourth switch S4 is opened, which is equivalent to the normal working state of the power supply. The third switch S3 is opened and the fourth switch S4 is closed, which is equivalent to the short-to-ground state after the power supply is instantly disconnected. Exemplarily, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 can both be relays, MOSFETs or other devices with switching functions.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is working normally, that is, the third switch S3 is closed and the fourth switch S4 is opened, the switch module 210 is closed, and the power supply 240, the switch module 210 and the load 300 form a loop to supply power to the load 300; the power supply 240, the switch module 210 and the first energy storage unit 220 form a loop to charge the first energy storage unit 220 so that the first energy storage unit 220 stores electrical energy. When the power supply 240 is disconnected and short-circuited to the ground, that is, the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the switch control module 230 controls the switch module 210 to disconnect, the first energy storage unit 220 cannot discharge to the ground, the first energy storage unit 220 and the load 300 form a loop, and the first energy storage unit 220 can only discharge to the load 300, thereby prolonging the power-off time of the load 300.

[0081] Therefore, if the power supply is disconnected instantly and the ground is shorted, the switch control module can be controlled to disconnect immediately to avoid the first energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, so that the first energy storage unit can only discharge to the load, supporting the load to continue working for a period of time, and extending the load power-off time. In this way, when the power supply is disconnected instantly and the ground is shorted, the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 As shown, the switch control module 230 may include a first switch control submodule 231 , and the first switch control submodule 231 may include: a first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 and a second energy storage unit 2312 .

[0083] The first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 may be a device with unidirectional conduction characteristics. The first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 may have an input end and an output end, and current can only flow from the input end to the output end of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311, and cannot flow from the output end to the input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311. Exemplarily, the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 may be a diode.

[0084] The second energy storage unit 2312 may be a device capable of storing and releasing electric energy. Specifically, when the power supply 240 is working normally, the second energy storage unit 2312 may store electric energy; when the power supply 240 is disconnected and short-circuited to the ground, the second energy storage unit 2312 may release the stored electric energy. Exemplarily, the second energy storage unit 2312 may be a capacitor.

[0085] Specifically, the input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 can be electrically connected to the first end of the power supply 240, and the output end of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 can be electrically connected to the first end of the second energy storage unit 2312; the first end of the second energy storage unit 2312 can be electrically connected to the control end of the switch module 210, and the second end of the second energy storage unit 2312 can be electrically connected to the second end of the power supply 240.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is working normally, that is, the third switch S3 is closed and the fourth switch S4 is disconnected, the switch module 210 is closed, and the power supply 240, the switch module 210 and the load 300 form a loop to supply power to the load 300; the power supply 240, the switch module 210 and the first energy storage unit 220 form a loop to charge the first energy storage unit 220 so that the first energy storage unit 220 stores electrical energy; the power supply 240, the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 and the second energy storage unit 2312 form a loop to charge the second energy storage unit 2312 so that the second energy storage unit 2312 stores electrical energy. When the power supply 240 is disconnected instantly and short-circuited to the ground, that is, the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the second energy storage unit 2312 can be prevented from discharging to the ground due to the provision of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311. Therefore, the second energy storage unit 2312 can discharge to the control end of the switch module 210, and the voltage of the control end of the switch module 210 is raised, so that the voltage difference between the control end and the first end of the switch module 210 is reduced and is less than the minimum voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the switch module 210. Therefore, the first end and the second end of the switch module 210 are disconnected, that is, the switch module 210 is disconnected.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, if the power supply is disconnected and short-circuited to the ground, the second energy storage unit can discharge to the switch module, raising the voltage of the control end of the switch module, so that the switch module is disconnected. Therefore, the first energy storage unit can be prevented from discharging to the ground, and the first energy storage unit can be used to discharge to the load, so that the load can continue to work for a period of time, thereby not causing the load to be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety. Moreover, the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 is provided to prevent the second energy storage unit 2312 from discharging to the ground, ensuring that the second energy storage unit 2312 can discharge to the switch module and disconnect the switch module in time.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 As shown, the switch control module 230 may further include: a second switch control submodule 232 .

[0089] The second switch control submodule 232 can be used to control the switch module 210 to be closed or opened. Specifically, the second switch control submodule 232 can be used to control the switch module 210 to be opened immediately when the power supply 240 is disconnected and short-circuited to the ground.

[0090] Specifically, the first end of the second switch control submodule 232 can be electrically connected to the first end of the power supply 240, the second end of the second switch control submodule 232 can be electrically connected to the first switch control submodule 231, and the third end of the second switch control submodule 232 can be electrically connected to the second end of the power supply 240.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is disconnected and shorted to ground, that is, the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the first switch control submodule 231 and the second switch control submodule 232 control the switch module 210 to disconnect.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, a second switch control submodule is added to control the switch module together with the first switch control submodule, so as to avoid the situation where only one first switch control submodule is set up and cannot ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time, thereby improving the control accuracy and stability of the switch module.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 As shown, the second switch control submodule 232 may include: a second unidirectional conduction unit 2321 and a third energy storage unit 2322 .

[0094] The second unidirectional conduction unit 2321 may be a device with unidirectional conduction characteristics. The second unidirectional conduction unit 2321 may have an input end and an output end, and current can only flow from the input end to the output end of the second unidirectional conduction unit 2321, and cannot flow from the output end to the input end of the second unidirectional conduction unit 2321. Exemplarily, the second unidirectional conduction unit 2321 may be a diode.

[0095] The third energy storage unit 2322 may be a device capable of storing and releasing electric energy. Specifically, when the power supply 240 is working normally, the third energy storage unit 2322 may store electric energy; when the power supply 240 is disconnected and short-circuited to the ground, the third energy storage unit 2322 may release the stored electric energy. Exemplarily, the third energy storage unit 2322 may be a capacitor.

[0096] Specifically, the input end of the second unidirectional conductive unit 2321 can be electrically connected to the first end of the power supply 240, and the output end of the second unidirectional conductive unit 2321 can be electrically connected to the first end of the third energy storage unit 2322 and the input end of the first unidirectional conductive unit 2311 respectively; the first end of the third energy storage unit 2322 can be electrically connected to the input end of the first unidirectional conductive unit 2311, and the second end of the third energy storage unit 2322 can be electrically connected to the second end of the power supply 240.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is working normally, that is, the third switch S3 is closed and the fourth switch S4 is disconnected, the switch module 210 is closed, and the power supply 240, the switch module 210 and the load 300 form a loop to supply power to the load 300; the power supply 240, the switch module 210 and the first energy storage unit 220 form a loop to charge the first energy storage unit 220 so that the first energy storage unit 220 stores electrical energy; the power supply 240, the second unidirectional conduction unit 2321, the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311 and the second energy storage unit 2312 form a loop to charge the second energy storage unit 2312 so that the second energy storage unit 2312 stores electrical energy; the power supply 240, the second unidirectional conduction unit 2321 and the third energy storage unit 2322 form a loop to charge the third energy storage unit 2322 so that the third energy storage unit 2322 stores electrical energy. When the power supply 240 is disconnected and short-circuited to the ground, that is, the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the second energy storage unit 2312 can be prevented from discharging to the ground due to the provision of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311, so the second energy storage unit 2312 can discharge to the control end of the switch module 210. The third energy storage unit 2322 can be prevented from discharging to the ground due to the provision of the second unidirectional conduction unit 2321, so the third energy storage unit 2322 can also discharge to the control end of the switch module 210. The second energy storage unit 2312 and the third energy storage unit 2322 discharge to the control end of the switch module 210, and the voltage of the control end of the switch module 210 is raised, so that the voltage difference between the control end and the first end of the switch module 210 is reduced and is less than the minimum voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the switch module 210, so the first end and the second end of the switch module 210 are disconnected, that is, the switch module 210 is disconnected.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, raising the voltage of the control end of the switch module by only using a second energy storage unit may not be able to raise the voltage of the control end of the switch module high enough, thereby failing to disconnect the switch module in time. Therefore, a third energy storage unit can be added to ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time, and a second unidirectional conduction unit can be added at the same time to prevent the third energy storage unit from discharging to the ground.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 6 As shown, the switch control module 230 may further include: a voltage amplification submodule 233 .

[0100] The voltage amplifying submodule 233 may have a first end, a second end and a third end. The voltage amplifying submodule 233 may amplify the voltage input from the first end and output the amplified voltage from the second end.

[0101] Specifically, the first end of the voltage amplifying submodule 233 can be electrically connected to the second end of the second switch control submodule 232, the second end of the voltage amplifying submodule 233 can be electrically connected to the first end of the first switch control submodule 231, and the third end of the voltage amplifying submodule 233 can be electrically connected to the first end of the switch module 210 and the first end of the power supply 240, respectively.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is short-circuited to ground after being disconnected instantaneously, that is, the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the voltage amplification submodule 233 amplifies the signal output by the second switch control submodule 232, and controls the switch module 210 to be disconnected based on the amplified signal and the signal output by the first switch control submodule 231.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, a voltage amplification submodule is added to amplify the signal output by the second switch control submodule, so as to avoid the situation where the second switch control submodule and the first switch control submodule jointly control and still cannot ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time, thereby further improving the control accuracy and stability of the switch module.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 7 As shown, the voltage amplification submodule 233 may include: a current control unit 2331 and a current limiting unit 2332 .

[0105] Among them, the current control unit 2331 can be a device with a current control function, and the current control unit 2331 can have a first end, a second end and a third end. Specifically, the current at the third end of the current control unit 2331 can be used to control the current at the first end and the current at the second end. Exemplarily, the current control unit 2331 can be a triode. Specifically, the third end of the current control unit 2331 can be the base of the triode, the second end of the current control unit 2331 can be the collector of the triode, and the first end of the current control unit 2331 can be the emitter of the triode, and the current at the base of the triode can be used to control the current at the collector and the current at the emitter.

[0106] The current limiting unit 2332 may be a device with a current limiting function, and may be used to limit the current flowing to the third terminal of the current control unit 2331 to prevent the current control unit 2331 from being broken down. Exemplarily, the current limiting unit 2332 may be a resistor.

[0107] Specifically, the first end of the current control unit 2331 can be electrically connected to the output end of the second unidirectional conduction unit 2321 and the first end of the third energy storage unit 2322, respectively; the second end of the current control unit 2331 can be electrically connected to the input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311; the third end of the current control unit 2331 can be electrically connected to the first end of the current limiting unit 2332; the second end of the current limiting unit 2332 can be electrically connected to the first end of the switch module 210 and the first end of the power supply 240, respectively.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is short-circuited to the ground after being disconnected instantaneously, that is, the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the current limiting unit 2332 can limit the current flowing to the third end of the current control unit 2331 to prevent the current control unit 2331 from being broken down. The current control unit 2331 can amplify the voltage output by the third energy storage unit 2322, and discharge the control end of the switch module 210 through the amplified voltage and the voltage output by the second energy storage unit 2312, so as to raise the voltage of the control end of the switch module 210, so that the voltage difference between the control end and the first end of the switch module 210 is reduced and is less than the minimum voltage difference between the first end and the second end of the switch module 210, so that the first end and the second end of the switch module 210 are disconnected, that is, the switch module 210 is disconnected.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the third energy storage unit can be amplified by the current control unit, so as to more reliably ensure that the voltage of the control end of the switch module is raised to a sufficiently high level, so as to ensure that the switch module is disconnected in time when the power supply is momentarily disconnected and the ground is shorted, and the current control unit is prevented from being broken down by setting a current limiting unit.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 8 As shown, the switch control module 230 may further include: a first unidirectional conduction submodule 234 .

[0111] The first unidirectional conduction submodule 234 may be a device with unidirectional conduction characteristics. The first unidirectional conduction submodule 234 may have an input end and an output end, and current can only flow from the input end to the output end of the first unidirectional conduction submodule 234, and cannot flow from the output end to the input end of the first unidirectional conduction submodule 234. Exemplarily, the first unidirectional conduction submodule 234 may be a diode.

[0112] Specifically, the input end of the first unidirectional conduction submodule 234 can be electrically connected to the second end of the current limiting unit 2332, and the output end of the first unidirectional conduction submodule 234 can be electrically connected to the first end of the switch module 210 and the first end of the power supply 240 respectively.

[0113] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is working normally, that is, the third switch S3 is closed and the fourth switch S4 is open, the first unidirectional conduction submodule 234 can prevent current from flowing from the positive electrode of the power supply 240 into the current limiting unit 2332 and the current control unit 2331.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing the first unidirectional conduction submodule, it is possible to prevent the current from flowing from the positive electrode of the power supply into the voltage amplification submodule when the power supply is working normally.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present application, Fig. 9 As shown, the switch control module 230 may further include: a current limiting submodule 235 .

[0116] The current limiting submodule 235 may be a device with a current limiting function, and the current limiting submodule 235 may be used to limit the current flowing to the control end of the switch module 210 to prevent the switch module 210 from being broken down. Exemplarily, the current limiting submodule 235 may be a resistor.

[0117] Specifically, the first end of the current limiting submodule 235 can be electrically connected to the output end of the first unidirectional conductive unit 2311 and the first end of the second energy storage unit 2312 respectively, and the second end of the current limiting submodule 235 can be electrically connected to the control end of the switch module 210.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is short-circuited to the ground after being disconnected instantaneously, that is, when the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the third energy storage unit 2322 and the second energy storage unit 2312 both discharge the switch module 210, and the current limiting submodule 235 can limit the current flowing to the control end of the switch module 210 to avoid excessive current flowing to the control end of the switch module 210, causing the switch module 210 to be broken down.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present application, the current flowing to the control end of the switch module can be limited by the current limiting submodule to prevent the current flowing to the control end of the switch module from being too large, causing the switch module to be broken down.

[0120] In some embodiments of the present application, Fig.10 As shown, the switch control module 230 may further include: a voltage division submodule 236 .

[0121] The voltage divider module 236 may be a device with a voltage divider function, and the voltage divider module 236 may reduce the current flowing to the control end of the switch module 210 by voltage division, thereby preventing the switch module 210 from being broken down. For example, the voltage divider module 236 may be a resistor.

[0122] Specifically, the first end of the voltage divider submodule 236 can be electrically connected to the output end of the first unidirectional conduction unit 2311, the first end of the second energy storage unit 2312 and the first end of the current limiting submodule 235, and the second end of the voltage divider submodule 236 can be electrically connected to the second end of the second energy storage unit 2312 and the second end of the power supply 240, respectively.

[0123] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is short-circuited to the ground after being disconnected instantaneously, that is, when the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the third energy storage unit 2322 and the second energy storage unit 2312 both discharge the switch module 210, and the voltage divider submodule 236 can be connected in parallel with the current limiting submodule to achieve voltage division, so that the current flowing to the control end of the switch module 210 is reduced, thereby avoiding the switch module 210 from being broken down.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, voltage division can be achieved by setting a voltage dividing submodule and a current limiting submodule in parallel, thereby reducing the current flowing to the control end of the switch module and preventing the switch module from being broken down.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present application, Fig.11 As shown, the switch control module 230 may further include: a second unidirectional conduction submodule 237 .

[0126] The second unidirectional conduction submodule 237 may be a device with unidirectional conduction characteristics. The second unidirectional conduction submodule 237 may have an input end and an output end, and current can only flow from the input end to the output end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule 237, and cannot flow from the output end to the input end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule 237. Exemplarily, the second unidirectional conduction submodule 237 may be a diode.

[0127] Specifically, the input end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule 237 can be electrically connected to the control end of the switch module 210 and the second end of the current limiting submodule 235 respectively, the output end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule 237 can be electrically connected to the first end of the first energy storage unit 220, and the output end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule 237 can also be used to connect the first end of the load 300.

[0128] In some embodiments of the present application, when the power supply 240 is short-circuited to the ground after being disconnected instantaneously, that is, when the third switch S3 is disconnected and the fourth switch S4 is closed, the third energy storage unit 2322 and the second energy storage unit 2312 both discharge to the control end of the switch module 210, so that the switch module 210 is disconnected, and the voltage at the control end of the switch module 210 can be released through the branch where the second unidirectional conduction sub-module 237 is located. At the same time, a second unidirectional conduction sub-module 237 is set in the branch, which can avoid the first energy storage unit 220 from discharging through the branch where the second unidirectional conduction sub-module 237 is located, resulting in a reduction in the time for powering the load 300.

[0129] In an embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the control end of the branch release switch module can be set, and a second unidirectional conduction submodule can be set on the branch to prevent the first energy storage unit from discharging through the branch, thereby ensuring that the first energy storage unit only discharges to the load and extending the load power-off time.

[0130] Based on the same design concept, the present application also provides a battery management system, which may include the aforementioned power supply circuit.

[0131] In the power supply circuit, if the power supply is disconnected momentarily and short-circuited to the ground, the switch control module can be used to control the switch module to disconnect immediately, thereby preventing the first energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, so that the first energy storage unit can only discharge to the load, supporting the load to continue working for a period of time, and extending the load power-off time. In this way, when the power supply is disconnected momentarily and short-circuited to the ground, the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety.

[0132] Based on the same design concept, the present application also provides a battery system 400, such as Fig.12 As shown, the battery system 400 includes a battery 500 and the aforementioned battery management system 600 .

[0133] It can be understood that the battery system 400 has the beneficial effects of the battery management system 600 provided in the embodiment of the present application, that is, in the battery system 400 in the present application, if the power supply is disconnected momentarily and the ground is shorted, the switch control module can be controlled to disconnect immediately to avoid the first energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, so that the first energy storage unit can only discharge to the load, supporting the load to continue working for a period of time, and extending the load power-off time. In this way, when the power supply is disconnected momentarily and the ground is shorted, the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety.

[0134] In some embodiments, the battery system 400 may be a battery pack.

[0135] Based on the same design concept, the present application also provides an electrical device. The electrical device includes a battery system, and the battery system is the battery system in any of the above embodiments. It can be understood that the electrical device has the beneficial effects of the battery system provided in the embodiments of the present application, that is, in the electrical device in the present application, if the power supply is disconnected momentarily and short-circuited to the ground, the switch control module can be used to control the switch module to disconnect immediately, so as to avoid the first energy storage unit from discharging to the ground, so that the first energy storage unit can only discharge to the load, support the load to continue to work for a period of time, and extend the load power-off time. In this way, when the power supply is disconnected momentarily and short-circuited to the ground, the load will not be immediately powered off, thereby improving safety.

[0136] In some embodiments, the electric device may include a vehicle. The battery may include an on-board storage battery or a power battery.

[0137] It should be noted that in the embodiments shown in the above figures, the resistor is represented by a single resistor, and the capacitor is represented by a single capacitor. In other embodiments, the resistor may be an integration of series, parallel or mixed resistors, and the capacitor may be an integration of series, parallel or mixed capacitors. The specific parameters of each device can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0138] It should be understood that the specific structures of the circuits provided in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments provided by the present application may be combined with each other if there is no contradiction.

[0139] It should be clear that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. According to the embodiments described above in this application, these embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the application to only the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made based on the above description. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the application, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can make good use of the application and the modified use based on the application. The application is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

[0140] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are exemplary rather than restrictive. Different technical features appearing in different embodiments can be combined to achieve beneficial effects. Based on the study of the drawings, the specification and the claims, those skilled in the art should be able to understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments. In the claims, the term "comprising" does not exclude other structures; the quantity involves "one" but does not exclude multiple; the terms "first" and "second" are used to indicate names rather than to indicate any specific order. Any figure marks in the claims should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection. The appearance of certain technical features in different dependent claims does not mean that these technical features cannot be combined to achieve beneficial effects.

[0141] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: include: A switch module, having a first end, a second end and a control end, wherein the first end of the switch module is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply; A first energy storage unit, having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the first energy storage unit is electrically connected to the second end of the switch module, the first end of the first energy storage unit is also used to connect to the first end of the load, and the second end of the first energy storage unit is used to connect to the second end of the load; The switch control module has a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end of the switch control module is electrically connected to the control end of the switch module, the second end of the switch control module is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply, the third end of the switch control module is electrically connected to the second end of the first energy storage unit and the second end of the power supply respectively, and the second end of the power supply is coupled to the reference ground.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch control module at least includes a first switch control submodule, and the first switch control submodule includes: a first unidirectional conduction unit and a second energy storage unit; The input end of the first unidirectional conducting unit is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply, the output end of the first unidirectional conducting unit is electrically connected to the first end of the second energy storage unit, the first end of the second energy storage unit is electrically connected to the control end of the switch module, and the second end of the second energy storage unit is electrically connected to the second end of the power supply.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch control module further includes: a second switch control submodule; The first end of the second switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply, the second end of the second switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first switch control submodule, and the third end of the second switch control submodule is electrically connected to the second end of the power supply.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second switch control submodule includes: a second unidirectional conduction unit and a third energy storage unit; The input end of the second unidirectional conducting unit is electrically connected to the first end of the power supply, the output end of the second unidirectional conducting unit is electrically connected to the first end of the third energy storage unit and the input end of the first unidirectional conducting unit respectively, the first end of the third energy storage unit is electrically connected to the input end of the first unidirectional conducting unit, and the second end of the third energy storage unit is electrically connected to the second end of the power supply.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switch control module further includes: a voltage amplification submodule; The first end of the voltage amplifying submodule is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch control submodule, the second end of the voltage amplifying submodule is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch control submodule, and the third end of the voltage amplifying submodule is electrically connected to the first end of the switch module and the first end of the power supply respectively.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The voltage amplification submodule includes: a current control unit and a current limiting unit; The first end of the current control unit is electrically connected to the output end of the second unidirectional conduction unit and the first end of the third energy storage unit, respectively; the second end of the current control unit is electrically connected to the input end of the first unidirectional conduction unit; the third end of the current control unit is electrically connected to the first end of the current limiting unit; and the second end of the current limiting unit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch module and the first end of the power supply, respectively.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switch control module further includes: A first unidirectional conducting submodule, wherein an input end of the first unidirectional conducting submodule is electrically connected to the second end of the current limiting unit, and an output end of the first unidirectional conducting submodule is electrically connected to the first end of the switch module and the first end of the power supply respectively.

8. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch control module further includes: a current limiting submodule; The first end of the current limiting submodule is electrically connected to the output end of the first unidirectional conducting unit and the first end of the second energy storage unit respectively, and the second end of the current limiting submodule is electrically connected to the control end of the switch module.

9. The power supply circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The switch control module further includes: a voltage division submodule; The first end of the voltage divider submodule is electrically connected to the output end of the first unidirectional conduction unit, the first end of the second energy storage unit and the first end of the current limiting submodule, and the second end of the voltage divider submodule is electrically connected to the second end of the second energy storage unit and the second end of the power supply.

10. The power supply circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The switch control module further includes: a second unidirectional conduction submodule; The input end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is electrically connected to the control end of the switch module and the second end of the current limiting submodule respectively, the output end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is electrically connected to the first end of the first energy storage unit, and the output end of the second unidirectional conduction submodule is also used to connect the first end of the load.

11. A battery management system, characterized in that: include: A power supply circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A battery system, characterized in that: include: Battery; as well as, The battery management system as claimed in claim 11.

13. An electrical device, characterized in that: include: The battery system as claimed in claim 12.

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