Ultralow-temperature vertical heat flow meter
By using multi-stage oil-vapor separation and capillary expansion and heat absorption technology in the heat flowmeter, using mixed refrigerant, a lower limit low temperature under the same air flow rate is achieved, and the problem of limited refrigeration efficiency in the prior art is solved, and the improvement of the improvement of the problem of mixed refrigeration efficiency is improved. The practicality and efficiency of the product.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421062762.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-16
AI Technical Summary
The low temperature limit temperature of the existing heat flow meter limits the refrigeration efficiency, resulting in the inability to further reduce the extreme low temperature without changing the air flow, which in turn affects the cost and R&D efficiency of the product.
An ultra-low temperature vertical heat flowmeter was designed, using a three-channel parallel flow heat exchanger and mixed refrigerant (R404A, R23, R14). Through multi-stage oil-vapor separation and capillary expansion and heat absorption technology, the refrigerant temperature is gradually reduced. Achieve lower extreme temperatures.
Under the same air flow rate, the ultimate low temperature of the heat flowmeter reaches -90℃, which significantly improves the refrigeration efficiency and product practicality and reduces costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222336396U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat flow meter systems, in particular to an ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow meter. Background Art
[0002] Heat flow meters are widely used in 5G communications, semiconductor chips, sensors and other fields. They can detect chemical changes and physical damage caused by high and low temperature thermal shocks in samples in the shortest possible time, reduce testing and verification time, and quickly improve product development and production efficiency. However, the current product refrigeration efficiency is limited by the low temperature limit of the heat flow meter. Therefore, if the air flow rate remains unchanged, reducing the low temperature limit of the heat flow meter can improve the refrigeration efficiency and reduce the cost of the product. The key point lies in the design of the refrigeration system. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model aims to provide an ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument, which can reduce the extreme low temperature of the heat flow instrument and improve the refrigeration efficiency under the condition that the air flow rate remains unchanged.
[0004] The above technical objectives of the utility model are achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0005] An ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument includes a compressor and a plurality of parallel flow heat exchangers. The compressor compresses the refrigerant into a high-pressure and high-temperature gas. The channels in the parallel flow heat exchangers include a high-pressure side pipeline, a low-pressure side pipeline and an air pipeline. The outlet end of the compressor is connected to an air-cooled condenser and an oil separator. The outlet end of the oil separator is connected to the high-pressure side pipelines of each parallel flow heat exchanger in sequence starting from the first parallel flow heat exchanger. The outlet ends of the high-pressure side pipelines of some or all parallel flow heat exchangers are cooled by oil-gas separation and capillary tubes / directly through capillary tubes.
[0006] The outlet end of the high-pressure side pipeline of the last parallel flow heat exchanger is cooled by a capillary tube and then connected to its low-pressure side pipeline, and then connected to the low-pressure side pipelines of other parallel flow heat exchangers in reverse order. The outlet end of the low-pressure side pipeline of the first parallel flow heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the compressor;
[0007] A dry air inlet is also provided. Dry air enters from the dry air inlet and is connected to the air pipelines of each parallel flow heat exchanger in sequence starting from the first parallel flow heat exchanger. The outlet end of the air pipeline of the last parallel flow heat exchanger is connected to the dry air outlet.
[0008] Furthermore, there are five parallel flow heat exchangers, namely, parallel heat exchanger No. 1, parallel heat exchanger No. 2, parallel heat exchanger No. 3, parallel heat exchanger No. 4, parallel heat exchanger No. 5.
[0009] A No. 1 oil-gas separator is provided between the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 2 parallel heat exchanger and the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger, and a No. 2 oil-gas separator is provided between the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger and the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger.
[0010] Furthermore, the refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant including R404A, R23 and R14.
[0011] Furthermore, the liquefied R404A in the No. 1 oil-gas separator sinks to the bottom, which is connected to the No. 1 capillary tube and absorbs heat through the throttling expansion of the No. 1 capillary tube to cool the refrigerant.
[0012] Furthermore, the liquefied R23 in the No. 2 oil-gas separator sinks to the bottom, which is connected to the No. 2 capillary and expands and absorbs heat through the No. 2 capillary, thereby cooling the refrigerant, and partially liquefying the R14 to become a gas-liquid mixture.
[0013] Furthermore, the R14 vapor-liquid mixture is connected to the No. 3 capillary from the outlet end of the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger and expands and absorbs heat through the No. 3 capillary, thereby cooling the refrigerant; the supercooled R14 vapor-liquid mixture is connected to the No. 4 capillary from the outlet end of the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger and expands and absorbs heat through the No. 4 capillary, thereby finally cooling the refrigerant.
[0014] Furthermore, the inlet end of the compressor is also connected to a charging port.
[0015] Furthermore, the inlet end of the compressor is also connected to a balance tank.
[0016] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The present application discloses an ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow meter, which uses a three-channel parallel heat exchanger with a compact structure and strong heat exchange capacity. Under the same air volume (500L / min) and ultra-low temperature (-90°C), the extreme low temperature of the heat flow meter in the present application exceeds that of conventional similar products, and its practicality is greatly enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the internal connection of an ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument.
[0020] In the figure, 1. compressor; 2. oil separator; 3. air-cooled condenser; 4. drying filter; 5. parallel heat exchanger No. 1; 6. oil-gas separator No. 1; 7. parallel heat exchanger No. 2; 8. oil-gas separator No. 2; 9. parallel heat exchanger No. 3; 10. parallel heat exchanger No. 4; 11. parallel heat exchanger No. 5; 12. balance tank; 13. high-pressure manual valve; 14. low-pressure manual valve; 15. dry air inlet; 16. dry air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and this embodiment does not constitute a limitation of the utility model. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0022] An ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat flow instrument includes a refrigeration system, a drying device, a heating device, a gas path device, a control system, a flow detection system, etc., which will not be described in detail here. The refrigeration system is installed in a double-layer shell, including a compressor 1 located in the lower layer and a plurality of parallel flow heat exchangers located in the upper layer;
[0023] The compressor 1 compresses the refrigerant into a high-pressure and high-temperature gas. The channels in the parallel flow heat exchanger include a high-pressure side pipeline, a low-pressure side pipeline and an air pipeline for heat exchange. The outlet end of the compressor 1 is the high-pressure side, which is sequentially connected to the air-cooled condenser 3, the oil separator 2, and the drying filter 4 located in the lower layer. The oil and other liquids separated by the oil separator 2 are returned to the inlet end of the compressor 1. The drying filter 4 absorbs the moisture in the refrigerant and filters the impurities in the refrigerant coming out of the compressor.
[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outlet end of the oil separator 2 starts from the first parallel flow heat exchanger and is connected to the high-pressure side pipelines of each parallel flow heat exchanger in sequence, and the outlet ends of the high-pressure side pipelines of some or all parallel flow heat exchangers are cooled by oil-gas separation and capillary tubes / directly through capillary tubes;
[0025] The outlet end of the high-pressure side pipeline of the last parallel flow heat exchanger is cooled by a capillary tube and then connected to its low-pressure side pipeline, and then connected to the low-pressure side pipelines of other parallel flow heat exchangers in reverse order. The outlet end of the low-pressure side pipeline of the first parallel flow heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of compressor 1;
[0026] The inlet end of the compressor 1 is also connected to the charging port and the balance tank 12 and the low-pressure manual valve 14 respectively. The balance tank 12 is located on the upper layer and can provide a sufficient amount of refrigerant to reduce the initial pressure of the system. The outlet end of the compressor 1 is also connected to the high-pressure manual valve 13. The high-pressure manual valve 13 and the low-pressure manual valve 14 are located on the lower layer and are spare valves for maintenance.
[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the refrigeration system is also provided with a dry air inlet 15. Dry air enters from the dry air inlet 15 and is connected to the air pipelines of each parallel flow heat exchanger in sequence starting from the first parallel flow heat exchanger. The outlet end of the air pipeline of the last parallel flow heat exchanger is connected to the dry air outlet 16.
[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, there are five parallel flow heat exchangers, which are arranged in the upper layer in sequence: parallel heat exchanger No. 1 5, parallel heat exchanger No. 2 7, parallel heat exchanger No. 3 9, parallel heat exchanger No. 4 10, parallel heat exchanger No. 5 11.
[0029] The mixed refrigerant is compressed into high-pressure and high-temperature gas by the compressor 11, and enters the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 1 parallel heat exchanger 5, the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 2 parallel heat exchanger 7, the No. 1 oil-gas separator 6, the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger 9, the No. 2 oil-gas separator 8, the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger 10, the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger 11 (high-pressure side flow direction) from the outlet end of the oil separator 2 in sequence.
[0030] The low-pressure side pipeline of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger 11, the low-pressure side pipeline of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger 10, the low-pressure side pipeline of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger 9, the low-pressure side pipeline of the No. 2 parallel heat exchanger 7, the low-pressure side pipeline of the No. 1 parallel heat exchanger 5, and the inlet end of the compressor 1 (low-pressure side flow direction);
[0031] The dry air enters from the dry air inlet 15 and passes through the air pipeline of the No. 1 parallel heat exchanger 5, the air pipeline of the No. 2 parallel heat exchanger 7, the air pipeline of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger 9, the air pipeline of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger 10, the air pipeline of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger 11, and the dry air outlet 16 in sequence.
[0032] The refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant of refrigerants with different boiling points, and the mixed refrigerant is R404A, R23, and R14;
[0033] The liquefied R404A in the No. 1 oil-gas separator 6 sinks to the bottom and absorbs heat through the No. 1 capillary throttling expansion to cool the refrigerant;
[0034] The liquefied R23 in the No. 2 oil-gas separator 8 sinks to the bottom, and absorbs heat through the No. 2 capillary expansion, cooling the refrigerant, and the R14 part is liquefied to become a vapor-liquid mixture;
[0035] The R14 vapor-liquid mixture expands and absorbs heat through the No. 3 capillary tube from the high-pressure side pipeline outlet of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger 10, thereby cooling the refrigerant; the supercooled R14 vapor-liquid mixture expands and absorbs heat through the No. 4 capillary tube from the high-pressure side pipeline outlet of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger 11, thereby finally cooling the refrigerant.
[0036] Refrigeration process:
[0037] The mixed refrigerant on the high-pressure side enters the No. 1 oil-gas separator 6 after being cooled by the air-cooled condenser 3 and the No. 1 parallel heat exchanger 5, and then is liquefied into R404A and the refrigeration oil and sinks to the bottom. The mixed refrigerant on the high-pressure side of the No. 2 parallel heat exchanger 7 is cooled to <-30℃ through the No. 1 capillary throttling expansion and heat absorption;
[0038] The high-pressure side mixed refrigerant comes out of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger 9 and flows into the No. 2 oil-gas separator 8, and then the liquefied R23 and a small amount of refrigeration oil sink to the bottom. The No. 2 capillary expansion absorbs heat to cool the high-pressure side mixed refrigerant of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger 9 to <-75°C, and the R14 refrigerant is partially liquefied;
[0039] R14 refrigerant wet steam (vapor-liquid mixture) expands from the outlet of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger 10 through the No. 3 capillary tube to absorb heat and cool the mixed refrigerant on the high-pressure side of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger 10 to less than -95°C;
[0040] The supercooled R14 refrigerant vapor-liquid mixture expands from the outlet of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger 11 through the No. 4 capillary tube to absorb heat and cool the mixed refrigerant on the high-pressure side of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger 11 to less than -100°C;
[0041] The dry air enters from the dry air inlet 15 → parallel heat exchanger No. 1 5 → parallel heat exchanger No. 2 7 → parallel heat exchanger No. 3 9 → parallel heat exchanger No. 4 10 → parallel heat exchanger No. 5 11 → output from the dry air outlet 16; the dry air is cooled step by step as described above, and finally obtains low-temperature dry air of <-90°C.
[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. An ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument, characterized in that: It includes a compressor and several parallel flow heat exchangers. The compressor compresses the refrigerant into a high-pressure and high-temperature gas. The channels in the parallel flow heat exchanger include a high-pressure side pipeline, a low-pressure side pipeline and an air pipeline. The outlet of the compressor is connected to an air-cooled condenser and an oil separator. The outlet of the oil separator is connected to the high-pressure side pipelines of each parallel flow heat exchanger in sequence starting from the first parallel flow heat exchanger. The outlet of the high-pressure side pipeline of some or all parallel flow heat exchangers is cooled by oil-gas separation and capillary tubes / directly through capillary tubes. The outlet end of the high-pressure side pipeline of the last parallel flow heat exchanger is cooled by a capillary tube and then connected to its low-pressure side pipeline, and then connected to the low-pressure side pipelines of other parallel flow heat exchangers in reverse order. The outlet end of the low-pressure side pipeline of the first parallel flow heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the compressor; A dry air inlet is also provided. Dry air enters from the dry air inlet and is connected to the air pipelines of each parallel flow heat exchanger in sequence starting from the first parallel flow heat exchanger. The outlet end of the air pipeline of the last parallel flow heat exchanger is connected to the dry air outlet.
2. The ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are five parallel flow heat exchangers, namely parallel heat exchanger No. 1, parallel heat exchanger No. 2, parallel heat exchanger No. 3, parallel heat exchanger No. 4, and parallel heat exchanger No.
5. A No. 1 oil-gas separator is provided between the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 2 parallel heat exchanger and the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger, and a No. 2 oil-gas separator is provided between the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 3 parallel heat exchanger and the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger.
3. The ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant including R404A, R23 and R14.
4. The ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquefied R404A in the No. 1 oil-gas separator sinks to the bottom, which is connected to the No. 1 capillary tube and absorbs heat through the throttling expansion of the No. 1 capillary tube to cool the refrigerant.
5. The ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquefied R23 in the No. 2 oil-gas separator sinks to the bottom, and is connected to the No. 2 capillary tube and expands and absorbs heat through the No. 2 capillary tube to cool the refrigerant, and part of the R14 is liquefied to become a gas-liquid mixture.
6. The ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The R14 vapor-liquid mixture is connected to the No. 3 capillary from the outlet end of the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 4 parallel heat exchanger, and expands and absorbs heat through the No. 3 capillary, thereby cooling the refrigerant; the supercooled R14 vapor-liquid mixture is connected to the No. 4 capillary from the outlet end of the high-pressure side pipeline of the No. 5 parallel heat exchanger, and expands and absorbs heat through the No. 4 capillary, thereby finally cooling the refrigerant.
7. The ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet end of the compressor is also connected with a charging port.
8. An ultra-low temperature vertical heat flow instrument according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The inlet end of the compressor is also connected to a balance tank.