Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment
By designing a flue gas treatment equipment including a dust collector, heat exchanger, denitrification reactor and desulfurization reactor, the problem of sulfur and nitrogen pollution in the flue gas generated by thermal cracking of waste tires was solved, and efficient The desulfurization and denitrification effects ensure the safety and efficient operation of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421120998.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-22
AI Technical Summary
If sulfur-containing compounds and nitrogen-containing compounds in the flue gas generated by thermal cracking of waste tires are not treated, it will cause serious environmental pollution problems.
Design a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment, including a dust collector, a heat exchanger, a main flue gas pipeline, a denitrification reactor, an auxiliary flue gas pipeline and a desulfurization reactor. The denitrification reactor is in front and the desulfurization reactor is in The last sequence, combined with the design of heat exchangers, dust collectors and flue gas auxiliary pipelines, can achieve efficient desulfurization and denitrification treatment.
This equipment can effectively remove sulfur and nitrogen oxides in flue gas, achieve desulfurization and denitrification effects, ensure the safety of equipment operation, and make full use of the heat of high-temperature flue gas.
Smart Images
Figure CN222342470U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste rubber and plastic treatment, and in particular relates to a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device. Background Art
[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, the number of automobiles manufactured is increasing, and the frequency of replacing motor vehicles is also increasing. As one of the indispensable parts of automobiles, the tire industry will also develop with the development of the automobile industry. At the same time, the consumption and wear of automobile tires also produce a lot of waste tires. Waste tires include not only old tires replaced from motor vehicles that have lost their use value, but also discarded tires that do not meet the standards produced in the factory from the beginning. The generation of waste tires has caused huge environmental pressure and serious waste of resources.
[0003] Pyrolysis of waste tires refers to an irreversible thermochemical reaction in which organic matter in waste tires is cracked by high temperature in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient atmosphere, volatile products are released and solid coke is formed. Pyrolysis of waste tires can form gas, liquid and solid products during the incomplete thermal degradation process. This method can completely crack waste tires into useful products such as pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis carbon black and pyrolysis non-condensable gas, which not only alleviates the environmental pressure caused by waste tires, but also realizes the recycling of waste tires.
[0004] However, if the sulfur-containing compounds and nitrogen-containing compounds in the flue gas produced by the thermal cracking of waste tires are not treated, they will also cause serious environmental pollution problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] Details of one or more embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects, and advantages of the present application more readily apparent.
[0006] The utility model provides a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device, which solves the problem of treating sulfur-containing compounds and nitrogen-containing compounds in the flue gas generated by thermal cracking of waste tires, and has the characteristics of good desulfurization and denitrification effects and high safety.
[0007] A flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device comprises a dust collector, a heat exchanger, a flue gas main line, a denitrification reactor, a flue gas auxiliary line, and a desulfurization reactor; the dust collector is connected to a flue gas input line; the heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the dust collector; the air inlet end of the flue gas main line is connected to the air outlet ends of the dust collector and the heat exchanger; the air inlet end of the denitrification reactor is connected to the air outlet end of the flue gas main line; the flue gas auxiliary line is connected in parallel with the flue gas main line and the denitrification reactor; the air inlet end of the desulfurization reactor is connected to the air outlet end of the denitrification reactor.
[0008] In some of the embodiments, a denitrification agent supply pipeline is further included, and the denitrification agent supply pipeline is provided with nozzles for spraying the denitrification agent in the flue gas main pipeline and the flue gas auxiliary pipeline.
[0009] In some of the embodiments, the flue gas main pipeline, the flue gas auxiliary pipeline, and the gas outlet end of the denitration reactor are provided with valves electrically connected to each other.
[0010] In some of the embodiments, a decoker and multiple catalyst layers are horizontally arranged in sequence in the denitration reactor in the vertical direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end.
[0011] In some of the embodiments, a soot blower is provided on the side of the denitration reactor, and the soot blower is arranged parallel to the top of the catalytic layer.
[0012] In some of the embodiments, a cooler is further included between the air inlet end of the desulfurization reactor and the air outlet end of the denitrification reactor.
[0013] In some of the embodiments, the cooler is a shell and tube air-cooled cooling tower.
[0014] In some of the embodiments, multiple layers of horizontally arranged nozzles are sequentially provided in the desulfurization reactor in a vertical direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end.
[0015] In some of the embodiments, a desulfurizing agent storage tank connected to the nozzle is also included.
[0016] In some of the embodiments, the air inlet of the desulfurization reactor is arranged at the bottom of the side of the desulfurization reactor, and the air outlet is arranged at the top of the desulfurization reactor.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0018] The utility model provides a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device, which limits the denitrification reactor to be in front and the desulfurization reactor to be in the back, thereby realizing the effective utilization of the heat of the high-temperature flue gas after the cracking is completed (the denitrification reaction needs to be carried out at a certain temperature). In addition, by arranging a heat exchanger in front of the denitrification reactor, the flue gas entering the denitrification reactor is further heated, and the flue gas is dedusted by cooperating with a parallel dust collector. Under the premise of fully utilizing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas after the cracking is completed, the denitrification effect is guaranteed and the blockage problem of the denitrification reactor is effectively prevented. Furthermore, by arranging a flue gas auxiliary pipeline, it is further guaranteed that in the event of blockage of the denitrification reactor, the safety of the equipment operation is guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:
[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] In the above figures: 1. dust collector; 2. heat exchanger; 3. flue gas main pipeline; 4. denitrification reactor; 5. flue gas auxiliary pipeline; 6. desulfurization reactor; 7. denitrification agent supply pipeline; 8. cooler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model is described and illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. Based on the embodiments provided by the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0023] The utility model provides a flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to the embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 As shown, the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment includes a dust collector 1, a heat exchanger 2, a flue gas main line 3, a denitrification reactor 4, a flue gas auxiliary pipeline 5, and a desulfurization reactor 6; the dust collector 1 is connected to the flue gas input pipeline; the heat exchanger 2 is connected in parallel with the dust collector 1; the air inlet end of the flue gas main line 3 is connected to the air outlet ends of the dust collector 1 and the heat exchanger 2; the air inlet end of the denitrification reactor 4 is connected to the air outlet end of the flue gas main line 3; the flue gas auxiliary pipeline 5 is connected in parallel with the flue gas main line 3 and the denitrification reactor 4; the air inlet end of the desulfurization reactor 6 is connected to the air outlet end of the denitrification reactor 4. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment limits the denitrification reactor 4 to be in front and the desulfurization reactor 6 to be in the back, thereby realizing the effective utilization of the heat of the high-temperature flue gas after the cracking is completed (the denitrification reaction needs to be carried out at a certain temperature). In addition, by arranging a heat exchanger 2 in front of the denitrification reactor 4, the flue gas entering the denitrification reactor 4 is further heated, and the flue gas is dedusted by the parallel dust collector 1. Under the premise of fully utilizing the heat of the high-temperature flue gas after the cracking is completed, the denitrification effect is guaranteed and the blockage problem of the denitrification reactor 4 is effectively prevented. Furthermore, by arranging the flue gas auxiliary pipeline 5, it is further guaranteed that in the event of blockage of the denitrification reactor 4, the safety of the equipment operation is guaranteed.
[0024] The flue gas discharged from the thermal cracking workshop enters the above-mentioned flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment for treatment, wherein the air inlet of the dust collector 1 is arranged on the upper left side of the bin body and is connected to the flue gas duct at the front of the dust collector 1. A dust removal bag is arranged in the bin body of the dust collector 1, and the flue gas is sucked by the desulfurization fan arranged at the end, filtered by the dust removal bag and then transported to the next process. A flue dust collector 1 pulse valve is arranged opposite the bin body of the dust collector 1, and each group of dust removal bags in the bin body corresponds to a group of back-blowing pulse valves, which are used to remove dust adsorbed on the bags. A silo is arranged at the lower part of the bin body of the dust collector 1, which is used to collect and process dust materials generated during the entire dust removal process. A dust unloading screw machine is also arranged at the lower part of the silo of the dust collector 1, and the ash outlet of the dust unloading screw machine of the dust collector 1 is arranged at the lower right side of the screw machine barrel. The flue gas outlet of the dust collector 1 is arranged at the upper right side of the box body and is connected to the inlet of the flue gas main line 3. Furthermore, a branch pipe is provided at the front end of the flue gas inlet pipe for inputting high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchanger 2, and a flow control valve is provided on the flue gas inlet branch pipe. The flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger 2 is provided in the middle of the left side of the shell, and a heat exchange pipe is provided inside the heat exchanger 2. The high-temperature flue gas runs through the pipe. A distribution fan is provided at the lower right side of the heat exchanger 2 to supplement the air volume required for the combustion of the heating burner. The air outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is provided at the upper right side of the shell, and the gas pipeline is connected to the heating burner. The heating burner provides heat to increase the temperature of the flue gas, providing conditions for the next denitrification process. In addition, a burner ignition lamp is provided on the flue gas main line 3, which is used in conjunction with the heating burner to provide stable combustion conditions for the heating burner. Ammonia is sprayed into the high-temperature flue gas (240℃-420℃) as a denitrification agent, and enters the denitrification reactor 4 through the flue gas main line 3. Under the action of the catalyst, NO in the flue gas is denitrated. x Decomposed into N2 and H2O, it can achieve a denitrification efficiency of more than 90%, ensuring that the denitrification outlet NO x The emission concentration meets environmental protection requirements.
[0025] In order to ensure that when the denitrification reactor 4 is blocked, the flue gas discharged through the flue gas auxiliary pipeline 5 can also undergo a denitrification reaction and to ensure the denitrification effect as much as possible, a denitrification agent supply pipeline 7 is also included. The denitrification agent supply pipeline 7 is provided with nozzles for spraying denitrification agent in the flue gas main pipeline 3 and the flue gas auxiliary pipeline 5.
[0026] In order to achieve rapid switching of pipelines, valves electrically connected to each other are provided at the flue gas main line 3, the flue gas auxiliary line 5, and the gas outlet end of the denitrification reactor 4. This setting is to prevent the denitrification reactor 4 from being blocked internally and causing safety accidents. Specifically, a flue gas auxiliary line 5 is provided on the flue gas main line 3, and an electric control valve is provided on the flue gas auxiliary line 5. An electric control valve is also provided on the flue gas main line 3, and the two electric valves are interlocked and controlled to switch with each other. An electric control valve is also provided at the end of the flue gas auxiliary line 5, which is interlocked with the electric control valve provided on the outlet pipe of the denitrification reactor 4, and switches with each other to prevent flue gas from filling.
[0027] In order to ensure the denitration effect, a decoking device and multiple catalytic layers are arranged horizontally in the vertical direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end in the denitration reactor 4. The decoking device is arranged at the front end of the catalytic layer to avoid the influence of tar in the flue gas entering the denitration reactor 4 on the catalytic reaction of the catalytic layer.
[0028] Regarding the denitration process in the denitration reactor 4, the purchased ammonia is placed in an ammonia storage tank for storage and standby, a feed port is provided on the upper left side of the ammonia storage tank, and a pressure gauge is provided on the upper right side of the ammonia storage tank. Three groups of ammonia nozzle control valves are provided at the lower part of the ammonia storage tank, and the three groups of ammonia nozzle control valves are connected to the ammonia nozzle. A group of ammonia nozzles are provided on the flue gas main line 3, and a group of ammonia nozzles are also provided on the flue gas auxiliary line 5. If ammonia needs to be sprayed into the flue gas auxiliary line 5, the control valve can be opened for operation. The spray pressure of ammonia is generally controlled at 0.3-0.6MPa, and the ammonia concentration (volume ratio) in the diluted ammonia is ≤ about 5%. A control valve is provided at the front of the flue gas main line 3 of the denitration reactor 4, and its main function is to switch. A temperature remote sensor is vertically provided on the top of the denitration reactor 4, which is used to interlock with the heating burner and control the output temperature of the heating burner. A pressure remote sensor is vertically arranged on the top of the denitration reactor 4, which is used to interlock with the desulfurization fan to control the pressure of the entire desulfurization and denitration system. A decoker is arranged on the top of the denitration reactor 4, and four catalyst layers are arranged from top to bottom at the bottom of the decoker. The denitration catalyst is a substance that can promote the catalytic reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides under appropriate conditions. Through the catalytic reduction, the nitrogen compounds in the flue gas are converted into harmless nitrogen and water, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing emissions.
[0029] In order to prevent ash from accumulating on the catalyst surface and thus affecting the denitration effect, a soot blower is provided on the side of the denitration reactor 4, and the soot blower is arranged parallel to the top of the catalyst layer. Furthermore, a manhole is provided on the right side of the denitration reactor 4 to facilitate the replacement of the deactivated catalyst. A soot blower assembly is provided on the left side of the denitration reactor 4, with a total of five groups of soot blowers. Each group is controlled by a separate valve, and the air source comes from an air compressor pump. The function of the soot blower is to prevent ash from accumulating on the catalyst surface. A control valve is provided on the outlet pipe of the denitration reactor 4, which is used to cooperate with the bypass pipe control valve for interlocking and switching to control the flow direction of the flue gas. The outlet of the denitration reactor 4 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower.
[0030] In order to ensure the desulfurization effect, a cooler 8 is also included between the air inlet end of the desulfurization reactor 6 and the air outlet end of the denitrification reactor 4. Further, in order to ensure the cooling effect, the cooler 8 is a tube-type air-cooled cooling tower. Multiple layers of horizontally arranged nozzles are sequentially arranged in the desulfurization reactor 6 in the vertical direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end to further ensure the desulfurization effect.
[0031] The flue gas temperature discharged from the denitration reactor 4 is relatively high, and the optimal desulfurization temperature needs to be controlled between 120°C and 160°C. Too low or too high will affect the desulfurization effect and equipment health, so the temperature is lowered before entering the desulfurization spray tower (desulfurization reactor 6), and a shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower is set, the main purpose of which is to control the temperature of the flue gas. A temperature gauge is vertically arranged on the upper left side of the shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower, a flue gas outlet is vertically arranged in the middle of the shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower, and a pressure gauge is vertically arranged on the right side of the shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower. The shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower body is provided with vertically installed tubes, and an air supply fan is configured on the right side of the lower part of the shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower. The air outlet is arranged on the upper left side of the tower body, and the flue gas goes through the tube pass, and the cooling air goes through the shell pass. The flue gas inlet of the shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower is arranged at the lower part of the left tower body, and the flue gas outlet of the shell-and-tube air-cooled cooling tower is connected to the flue gas inlet of the desulfurization spray tower.
[0032] It further includes a desulfurizer storage tank connected to the nozzle. In order to further improve the desulfurization effect, the air inlet of the desulfurization reactor 6 is arranged at the bottom of the side of the desulfurization reactor 6, and the air outlet is arranged at the top of the desulfurization reactor 6. The gas to be desulfurized enters from the bottom of the desulfurization reactor 6 and flows upward, reacting with the desulfurizer sprayed downward, which greatly ensures the desulfurization effect. The top layer of the desulfurization spray tower is provided with a defoamer to remove the gas or foam in the liquid during the desulfurization process to prevent the foam from clogging or polluting the equipment, and also to ensure the quality and safety of the product. The flue gas desulfurization spray tower adopts liquid-gas countercurrent digestion and absorption to solve the problem, that is, the liquid is sprayed downward from the flue gas desulfurization spray tower in the form of mist (or small liquid outlet). The desulfurization spray tower is provided with three groups of spray pipe control valves, each of which is provided with 3 desulfurizer nozzles, which are connected by a desulfurizer connecting pipe. The desulfurization agent delivery pipeline is equipped with a flow control valve, and a drain port is provided on the right side of the lower part of the desulfurization spray tower. The discharged desulfurization agent enters the liquid storage tank. The upper part of the liquid storage tank is provided with a dosing port. The desulfurization fan inlet is provided with a control valve, and the desulfurization fan outlet is connected to the desulfurization agent delivery pipeline. The desulfurization spray tower is the last desulfurization process. A thermometer is provided on the left side of the upper part of the desulfurization spray tower. The flue gas outlet of the desulfurization spray tower is set in the middle part of the upper head. The flue gas delivered from the workshop is discharged after dust removal, denitrification and desulfurization.
[0033] The working process of the above flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment is:
[0034] Part of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the thermal cracking of waste rubber and plastic enters the heat exchanger 2 for further heating, and part of it is dedusted by the dust collector 1. After being collected, it is transported to the denitration reactor 4 through the flue gas main line 3 for denitration reaction, and then enters the desulfurization reactor 6 for desulfurization reaction. During this process, if the denitration reactor 4 is blocked, the flue gas further heated by the heat exchanger 2 and the flue gas dedusted by the dust collector 1 are collected and then enter the desulfurization reactor 6 through the flue gas auxiliary line 5 for desulfurization.
[0035] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0036] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.
Claims
1. A flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment, characterized in that: include: A dust collector, wherein the dust collector is connected to a flue gas input pipeline; A heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the dust collector; A flue gas main line, the air inlet end of the flue gas main line is connected to the air outlet ends of the dust collector and the heat exchanger; A denitration reactor, wherein the air inlet end of the denitration reactor is connected to the air outlet end of the flue gas main pipeline; A flue gas auxiliary pipeline, the flue gas auxiliary pipeline is connected in parallel with the flue gas main pipeline and the denitration reactor; A desulfurization reactor, wherein the air inlet end of the desulfurization reactor is connected to the air outlet end of the denitration reactor.
2. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a denitrification agent supply pipeline, and the denitrification agent supply pipeline is provided with nozzles for spraying the denitrification agent in the flue gas main pipeline and the flue gas auxiliary pipeline.
3. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas main pipeline, the flue gas auxiliary pipeline, and the gas outlet end of the denitration reactor are provided with valves electrically connected to each other.
4. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The denitration reactor is provided with a decoker and multiple catalytic layers in sequence and horizontally in the vertical direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end.
5. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A soot blower is provided on the side of the denitration reactor, and the soot blower is arranged in parallel above the catalytic layer.
6. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cooler arranged between the air inlet end of the desulfurization reactor and the air outlet end of the denitration reactor.
7. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooler is a shell and tube type air-cooled cooling tower.
8. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple layers of horizontally arranged nozzles are sequentially arranged in the desulfurization reactor in a vertical direction from the air inlet end to the air outlet end.
9. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a desulfurizing agent storage tank connected to the nozzle.
10. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air inlet of the desulfurization reactor is arranged at the bottom of the side of the desulfurization reactor, and the air outlet is arranged at the top of the desulfurization reactor.