Rapid auxiliary speed reducer for train braking

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick auxiliary speed reducer for train braking, which comprises a frame, wheels are rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the frame, an auxiliary friction mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of a brake clamp, and the friction force between the wheels and a guide rail is enhanced through the auxiliary friction mechanism, so that the rail grabbing force of a train is improved, and the braking distance of the train is shortened. According to the rapid auxiliary speed reduction device for train braking, during braking, the auxiliary air tank can discharge stored air, so that a brake piston works, a brake clamp is pushed to be closed, an auxiliary generator is attached to a brake disc, the side surface of the brake disc makes contact with a contact guide wheel, and the auxiliary generator is driven to rotate; the electric control air cylinder is controlled to slide back and forth through current conduction generated by rotation of the auxiliary generator, so that sand stored in the sand storage hopper falls down along with opening and closing of the control air cylinder and is sprayed out of the sand blasting nozzle along the pipeline, the sand is sprayed between wheels and a track, the friction force of the wheels during braking is increased, and the braking distance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of train auxiliary deceleration devices, in particular to a rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking. Background Art

[0002] The wheel brakes of existing rail trains are divided into disc brakes and hub brakes. During the braking and deceleration process, the friction between the brake pads and the wheel hub or brake disc is used to achieve the effect of deceleration and stopping. The length of the braking distance is related to the driving speed, control force and adhesion coefficient. Because the tracks and wheels of the train are made of metal, slippage will occur during the braking process, resulting in an increase in the braking distance. Therefore, auxiliary devices need to be added for braking. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking, so as to solve the problem in the background art that the wheel hub and the track are both made of metal materials and are easy to slip during braking, resulting in an increase in braking distance.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking, comprising a frame, a wheel is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the frame, and the outer surface of the wheel is in contact with the rail, the wheel is located at both ends of the frame, a brake disc is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the wheel shaft, and the brake disc is of hollow design, a water tank is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the frame close to the wheel, and an auxiliary air tank is fixedly mounted on the side of the frame close to the water tank, a brake clamp is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the frame close to the brake disc, and the brake disc is located between the brake clamps, and an auxiliary friction mechanism is provided on the outer surface of the brake clamp, by which the friction between the wheel and the guide rail is strengthened, the rail gripping force of the train is improved, and the braking distance of the train is shortened.

[0005] Preferably, the auxiliary friction mechanism includes an auxiliary generator, which is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the brake clamp close to the auxiliary air tank side, and the output shaft of the auxiliary generator passes through the outer surface of the brake clamp, the output shaft of the auxiliary generator is fixedly mounted with a contact guide wheel, and the contact guide wheel is a cone-shaped design, and the contact guide wheel is located on the side surface of the brake disc, the side surface of the auxiliary air tank is fixedly mounted with a sand storage hopper, and the sand storage hopper is a hopper-shaped design, and an electric control cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the sand storage hopper, and the output shaft of the electric control cylinder is provided with a block, and the block of the electric control cylinder blocks the sand outlet of the sand storage hopper.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brake piston is ventilated and squeezes the brake clamp, it will drive the auxiliary generator to move, so that the contact guide wheel connected to the auxiliary generator will contact the brake disc, and the rotation of the brake disc will drive the auxiliary generator to rotate. The rotation of the auxiliary generator generates a current signal, which controls the electric control cylinder in the sand storage hopper to slide back and forth, driving the block to make the sand fall and be discharged between the wheel and the guide rail in batches. When the brake is released, the electric control cylinder pushes the block back to its position, thereby increasing the friction between the wheel and the rail during braking and shortening the braking distance.

[0007] Preferably, the auxiliary air box is connected to the sand storage hopper, and the sand storage hopper is of sealed design, the discharge port of the sand storage hopper is evenly provided with through holes, and the air pipe of the sand storage hopper is fitted by the block of the electric control cylinder, a sandblasting nozzle is fixedly installed at one end of the sand storage hopper, and one end of the sandblasting nozzle is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the frame, and the output end of the sandblasting nozzle is located on one side of the wheel.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brake is applied, the electric control cylinder moves, and the uniform through-hole design of the discharge port of the sand storage hopper ensures that only a small amount of sand falls each time the electric control cylinder moves the block. At the same time, as the electric control cylinder pulls the block to move, the air pipe is exposed, so that the air pipe carries the fallen sand away and sprays it out from the sandblasting nozzle, so that no sand accumulates in the pipe and the probability of sand clogging the pipe of the sandblasting nozzle is reduced.

[0009] Preferably, a brake pad is fixedly mounted on one side of the brake clamp close to the brake disc, and the brake pad is in contact with the side surface of the brake disc, and the brake disc and the brake pad are concentrically designed, a brake piston is fixedly mounted on one end of the brake clamp away from the brake disc, and the brake piston is rotatably connected to the brake clamp, and the brake piston is connected to the auxiliary air tank.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the front of the vehicle brakes, the air pressure decreases, and the air in the auxiliary air tank is discharged into the brake piston, causing the brake piston to squeeze and push the brake clamp, causing the brake pad to squeeze the brake disc for friction braking.

[0011] Preferably, an air pump is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the brake clamp close to the water tank, and the output end of the air pump passes through the side surface of the brake clamp, a contact guide wheel is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the output end of the air pump, and the contact guide wheel is located between the brake clamps, the contact guide wheel is conical, and the contact guide wheel is located on one side of the brake disc.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brake clamp is pushed by the brake piston, the air pump will be driven to move, so that the contact guide wheel on one side of the air pump will move together, so that the contact guide wheel will contact the brake disc, and the rotation of the brake disc will drive the air pump to absorb air.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding mechanism is provided between the air pump and the water tank, and the water in the water tank is sent out through the sliding mechanism to cool the brake disc.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the water in the water tank can be released and sprayed to the middle position of the brake disc to cool the brake disc, reduce the temperature rise of the brake disc, and improve the braking force.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding mechanism includes: a cylinder body, which is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the frame near one end of the air pump, and a shielding piston is slidably mounted inside the cylinder body, a spring is arranged between the shielding piston and the cylinder body, and air inlet and outlet are arranged at both ends of the cylinder body, and the air outlet of the cylinder body near the shielding piston is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, an atomizing nozzle is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the frame near the brake disc, and the atomizing nozzle is located directly above the brake disc, one end of the cylinder body is connected to a water tank, the atomizing nozzle is connected to the cylinder body, and the pipeline between the atomizing nozzle and the water tank is blocked by the shielding piston, the pipeline between the air pump and the cylinder body is designed with an electromagnetic pressure relief valve, and the electromagnetic pressure relief valve circuit between the cylinder bodies is connected to the auxiliary generator.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the brake disc contacts the contact guide wheel after braking, the air pump rotates to extract air and send the gas into the interior of the cylinder, so that the shielding piston is pushed, and the pipeline connecting the water tank and the atomizing nozzle is opened, and the water in the water tank is sprayed onto the inside of the brake disc through the atomizing nozzle to cool it down. At the same time, when the brake clamp is released, the brake disc is disengaged from the contact guide wheel, and the air pump stops rotating. The spring will push the shielding piston back to its original position, disconnecting the water tank from the atomizing nozzle.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking:

[0018] 1. When braking, the airflow in the main pipeline of the brake system decreases, and the auxiliary air box will push out the stored air, so that the brake piston works, pushing the brake clamp to close, so that the auxiliary generator is attached to the brake disc, and the side surface of the brake disc contacts the contact guide wheel, driving the auxiliary generator to rotate. The current generated by the rotation of the auxiliary generator is turned on to control the electric control cylinder to slide back and forth, so that the sand stored in the sand hopper falls along the opening and closing of the control cylinder and is ejected from the sand blasting nozzle along the pipeline, spraying the sand between the wheel and the track, increasing the friction of the wheel during braking and reducing the braking distance;

[0019] 2. With the movement of the electric control cylinder, the sand in the sand storage hopper will fall quantitatively through the through holes evenly arranged at the discharge port of the sand storage hopper. With the movement of the electric control cylinder, the air pipe connected to the sand storage hopper will be exposed and opened. Through the sealing design of the sand storage hopper, the air flow can be sprayed out from the sandblasting nozzle along the pipe, so that the sand is taken out of the sandblasting nozzle by the air flow, reducing the probability of sand accumulation inside the sandblasting nozzle causing blockage, and at the same time, a small amount of sand can be discharged to increase the friction of the wheel;

[0020] 3. As the brake piston pushes the brake clamp, the brake clamp will move with the air pump, causing the contact guide wheel to contact the brake disc, driving the air pump to rotate and extract air, and pumping the extracted gas into the cylinder body, so that the blocking piston is pushed, opening the passage between the water tank and the atomizing nozzle, allowing water to be discharged from the atomizing nozzle and sprayed onto the inside of the brake disc, cooling the brake disc so that the brake disc will not produce thermal attenuation during long-distance braking, thereby improving the braking performance of the brake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the frame and wheels of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the water tank and the auxiliary air tank of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brake clamp and brake piston of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brake disc and brake clamp of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutaway three-dimensional structure of the cylinder body and the spring of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional perspective schematic diagram of the sand storage hopper and the electric control cylinder of the utility model structure.

[0027] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. wheel; 3. water tank; 4. auxiliary air tank; 5. brake disc; 6. brake clamp; 7. auxiliary generator; 8. brake piston; 9. brake pad; 10. air pump; 11. contact guide wheel; 12. atomizing nozzle; 13. cylinder body; 14. spring; 15. shielding piston; 16. sand storage hopper; 17. electric control cylinder; 18. sandblasting nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] See also Figure 1-6 The utility model provides a technical solution: a rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking, comprising a frame 1, a wheel 2 is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the frame 1, and the outer surface of the wheel 2 is in contact with the rail, the wheel 2 is located at both ends of the frame 1, a brake disc 5 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating shaft of the wheel 2, and the brake disc 5 is of a hollow design, a water tank 3 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the frame 1 close to the wheel 2, and a secondary air tank 4 is fixedly mounted on the side of the frame 1 close to the water tank 3, a brake clamp 6 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the frame 1 close to the brake disc 5, and the brake disc 5 is located between the brake clamps 6, and an auxiliary friction mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the brake clamp 6, and the friction between the wheel 2 and the guide rail is strengthened by the auxiliary friction mechanism, so as to improve the braking performance. Increase the track-gripping force of the train and shorten the braking distance of the train. The auxiliary friction mechanism includes an auxiliary generator 7, which is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the brake clamp 6 close to the side of the auxiliary air tank 4, and the output shaft of the auxiliary generator 7 passes through the outer surface of the brake clamp 6. The output shaft of the auxiliary generator 7 is fixedly mounted with a contact guide wheel 11, and the contact guide wheel 11 is a frustum-shaped design, and the contact guide wheel 11 is located on the side surface of the brake disc 5. The side surface of the auxiliary air tank 4 is fixedly mounted with a sand storage bucket 16, and the sand storage bucket 16 is a bucket-shaped design, and an electric control cylinder 17 is fixedly mounted inside the sand storage bucket 16, and the output shaft of the electric control cylinder 17 is provided with a block, and the block of the electric control cylinder 17 blocks the sand outlet of the sand storage bucket 16.

[0030] When braking, the brake piston 8 will push the brake clamp 6 out, so that the auxiliary generator 7 is pushed toward the brake disc 5, and the side surface of the brake disc 5 is in contact with the contact guide wheel 11. The rotation generated by the contact of the contact guide wheel 11 drives the auxiliary generator 7 to rotate, and the current generated by the auxiliary generator 7 is turned on to control the movement of the electric control cylinder 17, so that the electric control cylinder 17 drives the block to indirectly open and close in the sand storage hopper 16, so that the sand falls into the pipeline and is sprayed outward through the sandblasting nozzle 18, and is sprayed between the wheel 2 and the rail, so that the friction between the wheel 2 and the rail is increased, the moving distance of the frame 1 after braking is shortened, and the braking effect is improved.

[0031] The auxiliary air box 4 is connected to the sand storage hopper 16, and the sand storage hopper 16 is of sealed design. The discharge port of the sand storage hopper 16 is evenly provided with through holes, and the air pipe of the sand storage hopper 16 is fitted by the block of the electric control cylinder 17. A sandblasting nozzle 18 is fixedly installed at one end of the sand storage hopper 16, and one end of the sandblasting nozzle 18 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the frame 1, and the output end of the sandblasting nozzle 18 is located on one side of the wheel 2.

[0032] The block is moved by the operation of the electric control cylinder 17, so that the sand falls along the discharge port of the sand storage hopper 16. A small amount of sand can escape through the through holes evenly arranged at the discharge port of the sand storage hopper 16, so that the sprayed sand will not slip excessively. At the same time, as the electric control cylinder 17 works, the air pipe connected to the sand storage hopper 16 will be opened, and the fallen sand will be blown out of the sandblasting nozzle 18 through the pipe, so that no sand will remain in the pipe, reducing the probability of clogging the sandblasting nozzle 18.

[0033] A brake pad 9 is fixedly installed on the side of the brake clamp 6 close to the brake disc 5, and the brake pad 9 is in contact with the side surface of the brake disc 5, and the brake disc 5 and the brake pad 9 are concentrically designed. A brake piston 8 is fixedly installed on the end of the brake clamp 6 away from the brake disc 5, and the brake piston 8 is rotatably connected to the brake clamp 6, and the brake piston 8 is connected to the auxiliary air tank 4.

[0034] When the train brakes, the air pressure in the main pipeline decreases. At this time, the auxiliary air tank 4 will push out the brake clamp 6, driving the brake pad 9 to move toward the brake disc 5. The friction force generated by the contact between the brake disc 5 and the brake pad 9 reduces the speed of the train to a stop.

[0035] An air pump 10 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the brake clamp 6 close to the water tank 3, and the output end of the air pump 10 passes through the side surface of the brake clamp 6. A contact guide wheel 11 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the output end of the air pump 10, and the contact guide wheel 11 is located between the brake clamp 6. The contact guide wheel 11 is conical and is located on one side of the brake disc 5.

[0036] When the brake clamp 6 is pushed by the brake piston 8 , the contact guide wheel 11 will fit the brake disc 5 , driving the air pump 10 to rotate and draw external air into the cylinder 13 .

[0037] A sliding mechanism is provided between the air pump 10 and the water tank 3, and the water in the water tank 3 is sent out through the sliding mechanism to cool the brake disc 5. The sliding mechanism includes: a cylinder body 13, the cylinder body 13 is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the frame 1 close to one end of the air pump 10, and a shielding piston 15 is slidably installed inside the cylinder body 13, a spring 14 is provided between the shielding piston 15 and the cylinder body 13, and air inlets and outlets are provided at both ends of the cylinder body 13, and the air outlet of the cylinder body 13 close to the shielding piston 15 is connected to the air pump 10. The air outlet of the pump 10 is connected, an atomizing nozzle 12 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the frame 1 close to the brake disc 5, and the atomizing nozzle 12 is located directly above the brake disc 5, one end of the cylinder body 13 is connected to the water tank 3, the atomizing nozzle 12 is connected to the cylinder body 13, and the pipeline between the atomizing nozzle 12 and the water tank 3 is blocked by the blocking piston 15, the pipeline between the air pump 10 and the cylinder body 13 is designed with an electromagnetic pressure relief valve, and the electromagnetic pressure relief valve circuit between the cylinder body 13 is connected to the auxiliary generator 7.

[0038] When air enters the cylinder 13, it will push the shielding piston 15 to move, and the excess gas will be discharged along the electromagnetic pressure relief valve between the pipes, so that the pipeline between the water tank 3 and the atomizing nozzle 12 is opened, and the water in the water tank 3 is put into the atomizing nozzle 12, so that the water is sprayed into the inner side of the brake disc 5, thereby reducing the temperature of the brake disc 5 during braking. When the train stops, the auxiliary generator 7 stops rotating, and the electromagnetic pressure relief valve automatically opens to release the gas in the cylinder 13. At the same time, the shielding piston 15 is pushed back to its original position by the push of the spring 14, so that the brake disc 5 will not experience thermal attenuation, thereby improving the braking force.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking, comprising a frame (1), a wheel (2) rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the frame (1), and the outer surface of the wheel (2) is in contact with a rail, the wheel (2) is located at both ends of the frame (1), a brake disc (5) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating shaft of the wheel (2), and the brake disc (5) is of a hollow design, a water tank (3) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one end of the frame (1) close to the wheel (2), and a secondary air tank (4) is fixedly mounted on the side of the frame (1) close to the water tank (3), a brake clamp (6) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the frame (1) close to the brake disc (5), and the brake disc (5) is located between the brake clamps (6), characterized in that: The outer surface of the brake clamp (6) is provided with an auxiliary friction mechanism, which strengthens the friction force between the wheel (2) and the guide rail through the auxiliary friction mechanism, thereby improving the rail gripping force of the train and shortening the braking distance of the train; The auxiliary friction mechanism comprises an auxiliary generator (7), the auxiliary generator (7) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the brake clamp (6) near the side of the auxiliary air box (4), and the output shaft of the auxiliary generator (7) passes through the outer surface of the brake clamp (6), the output shaft of the auxiliary generator (7) is fixedly mounted with a contact guide wheel (11), and the contact guide wheel (11) is of a cone-shaped design, and the contact guide wheel (11) is located on the side surface of the brake disc (5), the side surface of the auxiliary air box (4) is fixedly mounted with a sand storage bucket (16), and the sand storage bucket (16) is of a bucket-shaped design, and an electric control cylinder (17) is fixedly mounted inside the sand storage bucket (16), and the output shaft of the electric control cylinder (17) is provided with a block, and the block of the electric control cylinder (17) blocks the sand outlet of the sand storage bucket (16).

2. A rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary air box (4) is connected to the sand storage hopper (16), and the sand storage hopper (16) is of sealed design. The discharge port of the sand storage hopper (16) is evenly provided with through holes, and the air pipe of the sand storage hopper (16) is fitted by a block of an electric control cylinder (17). A sandblasting nozzle (18) is fixedly installed at one end of the sand storage hopper (16), and one end of the sandblasting nozzle (18) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the vehicle frame (1), and the output end of the sandblasting nozzle (18) is located on one side of the wheel (2).

3. A rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: A brake pad (9) is fixedly mounted on a side of the brake clamp (6) close to the brake disc (5), and the brake pad (9) is in contact with the side surface of the brake disc (5), and the brake disc (5) and the brake pad (9) are concentrically designed; a brake piston (8) is fixedly mounted on an end of the brake clamp (6) away from the brake disc (5), and the brake piston (8) is rotatably connected to the brake clamp (6), and the brake piston (8) is connected to the auxiliary air tank (4).

4. A rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pump (10) is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the brake clamp (6) close to the water tank (3), and the output end of the air pump (10) passes through the side surface of the brake clamp (6). A contact guide wheel (11) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the output end of the air pump (10), and the contact guide wheel (11) is located between the brake clamp (6). The contact guide wheel (11) is conical and is located on one side of the brake disc (5).

5. A rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding mechanism is provided between the air pump (10) and the water tank (3), and water in the water tank (3) is sent out through the sliding mechanism to cool the brake disc (5).

6. A rapid auxiliary deceleration device for train braking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism comprises: a cylinder body (13), the cylinder body (13) being fixedly mounted on a side surface of a frame (1) close to one end of the air pump (10), and a blocking piston (15) being slidably mounted inside the cylinder body (13), a spring (14) being arranged between the blocking piston (15) and the cylinder body (13), and air inlets and outlets being arranged at both ends of the cylinder body (13), and an air outlet on a side of the cylinder body (13) close to the blocking piston (15) being connected to an air outlet of the air pump (10), and the frame (1) being close to the brake disc (5) An atomizing nozzle (12) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one side, and the atomizing nozzle (12) is located directly above the brake disc (5); one end of the cylinder body (13) is connected to the water tank (3); the atomizing nozzle (12) is connected to the cylinder body (13), and the pipeline between the atomizing nozzle (12) and the water tank (3) is blocked by a blocking piston (15); the pipeline between the air pump (10) and the cylinder body (13) is designed with an electromagnetic pressure relief valve, and the electromagnetic pressure relief valve circuit between the cylinder bodies (13) is connected to the auxiliary generator (7).

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