Tubular fixed bed reactor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical reactors, in particular to a tubular fixed bed reactor. Comprising a shell, an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate are fixed in the shell, the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are fixedly connected with a plurality of tubes in a sealed mode, the upper ends of the tubes penetrate through the upper end of the shell, a plurality of holes are formed in the portions, between the upper tube plate and the upper end of the shell, of the tubes, filter screens are fixed in the holes, and the upper ends of the tubes are connected with an adding assembly in a sealed mode. A conical hopper is slidably and hermetically connected in the shell, an insertion pipe is fixed on the conical hopper, the lower end of the insertion pipe penetrates through the conical hopper, a conical net is fixed at the upper end of the insertion pipe, the conical net and the upper end of the insertion pipe are hermetically inserted in the lower end of the tube nest, and the lower end of the conical hopper is connected with the lower end of the shell through a telescopic assembly. When the catalyst needs to be replaced, the conical hopper can move downwards, the conical net and the upper ends of the insertion pipes are discharged from the lower ends of the row pipes, the catalyst in the row pipes can be discharged into the conical hopper and directly discharged from the row pipes, and the lower sealing head does not need to be detached when the catalyst is replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical reactors, in particular to a tubular fixed bed reactor. Background Art

[0002] In the acrolein production process, the raw materials propylene (from the propylene tank area), air (delivered by air compressor) and water vapor (from the boiler room) are mixed in a certain proportion, the pressure is controlled at 0.2MPa, preheated to about 150℃, and enter the reactor. Under the action of the catalyst, the pressure is controlled not to exceed 0.2MPa, the reaction temperature is 310℃~320℃, and propylene and oxygen react to produce acrolein. Water vapor is added for safety and to control the reaction temperature. The reactor adopts a tubular fixed bed reactor. The reaction produces products, which are treated by acid washing tower, absorption tower, stripping tower, analysis tower, etc. to obtain acrolein products.

[0003] The catalyst of the tubular fixed bed reactor needs to be replaced after a certain period of use.

[0004] The patent document with application number CN202322751579.2 discloses a catalyst loader and a shell-and-tube fixed bed reactor. When the catalyst loader is used, a gasket of suitable size is laid on the upper tube plate of the shell-and-tube fixed bed reactor in advance, and then each shell tube of a catalyst loader is aligned with the corresponding shell tube of the shell-and-tube fixed bed reactor, and finally the loader tube plate is placed on the upper tube plate of the shell-and-tube fixed bed reactor, and catalyst is added to each loader tube, and finally the upper head is connected to the shell to start the reaction.

[0005] When unloading the catalyst, remove the upper head and tie the rope to the lifting ring of the catalyst loader. Use a pulley or hand winch to remove the catalyst loader from the tubular fixed bed reactor, then replace it with a new catalyst loader, add the catalyst again, connect the upper head to the shell, and start the reaction again. The replaced catalyst loader can be transported to a suitable location to unload the catalyst. After the catalyst loader is processed, it can be used next time the catalyst is replaced. When unloading the catalyst from the tubular fixed bed reactor, the upper head needs to be opened and the catalyst loader needs to be pulled out. A reliable fulcrum needs to be set in the process of pulling out the catalyst loader, so it is troublesome to replace the catalyst loader.

[0006] The patent document with application number CN202121416405.5 discloses a catalyst loading tool for a tube-in-tube fixed bed reactor. When the catalyst is replaced, the rotating rod is rotated by the upper handle rod. When the rotating rod rotates, the lower plate moves accordingly, so that the lower hole on the lower plate is concentric with the tube. At this time, the catalyst can be discharged through the lower end of the tube and the lower hole, and the upper plate is lifted by the lower handle rod so that the upper end of the tube exits from the inlet hole, and then the upper plate is rotated so that the upper hole corresponds to the upper end of the tube. After the upper hole corresponds to the upper end of the tube, the upper plate is moved downward so that the upper end of the tube is inserted into the upper hole. At this time, a tool can be used to pass through the funnel and the upper hole into the tube to dredge and clean the tube. After the tube is cleaned, the rotating rod and the lower plate are rotated by the upper handle rod so that the lower end of the tube corresponds to the outlet hole. When loading the catalyst, first sieve and weigh the ceramic balls and then load them into the tubes through a funnel. The ceramic balls filled for the first time can support the catalyst. Then, sieve and weigh the catalyst and load them into the tubes through a funnel. Finally, sieve and weigh the ceramic balls and load them into the tubes through a funnel. The ceramic balls filled for the second time can protect the catalyst. After the catalyst is filled, lift the upper plate by the lower handle and then rotate the upper plate. When the inlet hole corresponds to the upper end of the tubes, move the upper plate downward so that the upper end of the tubes is inserted into the inlet hole. At this time, the catalyst and ceramic balls in the tubes are blocked by the upper filter in the inlet hole and the lower filter in the outlet hole. After that, the tubular fixed bed reactor can be used. During use, the material enters the tubes through the inlet hole and reacts with the catalyst. The material after the reaction with the catalyst is discharged through the outlet hole. When replacing the catalyst in this tubular fixed bed reactor, the upper head and the lower head need to be disassembled at the same time, so it is troublesome to replace the catalyst. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a tube-in-tube fixed bed reactor which is convenient for replacing catalysts and dredging the tubes.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0009] A tube-in-tube fixed bed reactor comprises a shell, wherein the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected with an upper tube, the lower end of the shell is fixedly connected with a lower tube, an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate are fixed in the shell, the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are fixedly and sealedly connected with a plurality of tubes, the upper ends of the tubes penetrate the upper tube plate, the lower ends of the tubes penetrate the lower tube plate, the upper ends of the tubes penetrate the upper end of the shell, the tubes are sealedly connected with the upper end of the shell, a plurality of openings are provided on the tube portion between the upper tube plate and the upper end of the shell, a filter screen is fixed in the openings, the upper ends of the plurality of tubes are sealedly connected with an adding component, a cone bucket is slidably and sealedly connected in the shell below the tubes, a plug concentric with the tubes is fixed on the cone bucket, the lower end of the plug passes through the cone bucket, a cone net is fixed on the upper end of the plug, the cone net and the upper end of the plug are sealedly plugged in the lower end of the tube, and the lower end of the cone bucket is connected with the lower end of the shell through a telescopic component.

[0010] Specifically, the lower end of the cone bucket is concentrically fixedly connected with a discharge pipe, the lower end of the lower pipe is fixedly and sealedly connected with a blocking plate, the discharge pipe passes through the lower pipe and the blocking plate, the discharge pipe and the blocking plate are slidingly and sealingly connected, a sealing cap is detachably fixedly and sealedly connected on the discharge pipe below the blocking plate, a gap is provided between the discharge pipe and the lower pipe, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected on the lower pipe, and the gap between the discharge pipe and the lower pipe is connected with the connecting pipe.

[0011] Specifically, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are fixedly connected on the shell between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate.

[0012] Specifically, the added component includes an upper plate, a fixing sleeve concentric with the array of tubes is fixed at the lower end of the upper plate, the fixing sleeve is connected to the upper plate, the upper ends of the array of tubes are sealably inserted in the fixing sleeve, the upper tubes pass through the holes on the bottom plate of the upper plate, a cover ring is detachably fixed and sealed in the upper plate, the upper tubes pass through the cover ring, the cover ring seals the fixing sleeve, a nut is threadedly connected to the upper tube, and the lower end of the nut is tightly against the upper end of the cover ring.

[0013] Specifically, the telescopic component is a telescopic rod, the upper end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the cone bucket, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the shell.

[0014] Specifically, the shell includes a cylinder body, an upper head and a lower head. The upper head is detachably fixed and sealedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder body, the lower head is detachably fixed and sealedly connected to the lower end of the cylinder body, the upper tube is fixed on the upper head, the lower tube is fixed on the lower head, the upper ends of the tubes pass through the upper head, and the tubes are slidably and sealedly connected to the upper head.

[0015] Specifically, a through hole communicating with the fixing sleeve is opened on the bottom plate of the upper plate, a rubber pad is fixed on the lower end of the cover ring, and the cover ring blocks the through hole on the bottom plate of the upper plate through the rubber pad.

[0016] Specifically, the bolts penetrate the cover ring, and the bolts are threadedly connected to the bottom plate of the upper plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] 1. When the catalyst needs to be replaced, the cone bucket can be moved downward and the cone net and the upper end of the insert tube can be discharged from the lower end of the array tube. The catalyst in the array tube can be discharged into the cone bucket and directly discharged from the discharge pipe. When replacing the catalyst, there is no need to disassemble the lower head.

[0019] 2. When adding catalyst, open the cover ring and add catalyst into the tube array through the upper plate. There is no need to open the upper head when adding catalyst, which can improve the efficiency of catalyst replacement.

[0020] 3. During operation, the material enters the shell through the upper tube, and the material in the shell enters the tube through the filter in the opening on the tube to contact the catalyst. The filter can filter the material and increase the service life of the catalyst. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the coordination of cone bucket, cannula and cone net.

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the filter screen inside the openings on the tube array.

[0024] Figure 4 The figure shows the schematic diagram of adding components. The names of the parts in the figure are: 1 Shell

[0025] 2 Tubes

[0026] 3 Upper tube plate

[0027] 4 Lower tube sheet

[0028] 5 Inlet pipe

[0029] 6 Outlet

[0030] 7 Down tube

[0031] 8 Connecting pipe

[0032] 9 top tube

[0033] 10. Filter

[0034] 11 Upper Plate

[0035] 12 Fixed sleeve

[0036] 13 Cover ring

[0037] 14 Nut

[0038] 15 Cone bucket

[0039] 16 Intubation

[0040] 17 Cone Net

[0041] 18 Telescopic rod

[0042] 19. Pipe

[0043] 20 blocking plate 21 sealing cap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0045] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a tube-in-tube 2-type fixed bed reactor comprises a shell 1, an upper tube 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shell 1, and a lower tube 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the shell 1. Specifically, the shell 1 comprises a barrel, an upper head and a lower head, the upper head is detachably fixedly sealed and connected to the upper end of the barrel, the lower head is detachably fixedly sealed and connected to the lower end of the barrel, the upper tube 9 is fixed to the upper head, and the lower tube 7 is fixed to the lower head.

[0046] An upper tube sheet 3 and a lower tube sheet 4 are fixed in the shell 1 . The upper tube sheet 3 and the lower tube sheet 4 are fixedly and sealedly connected to a plurality of tube arrays 2 . The upper ends of the tube arrays 2 penetrate the upper tube sheet 3 , and the lower ends of the tube arrays 2 penetrate the lower tube sheet 4 .

[0047] The upper end of the tube array 2 passes through the upper end of the shell 1, and the tube array 2 is sealed and connected to the upper end of the shell 1. Specifically, the upper end of the tube array 2 passes through the upper head, and the tube array 2 is slidably and sealedly connected to the upper head.

[0048] The shell 1 between the upper tube sheet 3 and the lower tube sheet 4 is fixedly connected with an inlet pipe 5 and an outlet pipe 6. The heat transfer oil enters the shell 1 through the inlet pipe 5 and is discharged from the outlet pipe 6. The heat transfer oil can heat the materials and catalysts in the tube array 2.

[0049] A plurality of openings are provided on the tube array 2 between the upper tube plate 3 and the upper end of the shell 1, and filter screens 10 are fixed in the openings.

[0050] The upper ends of the multiple tubes 2 are sealed and connected to the adding assembly. The adding assembly includes an upper plate 11, a fixing sleeve 12 concentric with the tubes 2 is fixed to the lower end of the upper plate 11, the fixing sleeve 12 is connected to the upper plate 11, and the upper ends of the tubes 2 are sealed and inserted in the fixing sleeve 12.

[0051] The upper tube 9 passes through the hole on the bottom plate of the upper plate 11, and a cover ring 13 is detachably fixed and sealed in the upper plate 11. Specifically, the bolts pass through the cover ring 13, and the bolts are threadedly connected to the bottom plate of the upper plate 11.

[0052] The upper tube 9 passes through the cover ring 13, and the cover ring 13 seals the fixed sleeve 12. Specifically, a through hole connected to the fixed sleeve 12 is opened on the bottom plate of the upper plate 11, and a rubber pad is fixed at the lower end of the cover ring 13, and the cover ring 13 seals the through hole on the bottom plate of the upper plate 11 through the rubber pad.

[0053] The upper tube 9 is threadedly connected with a nut 14 , and the lower end of the nut 14 is tightly against the upper end of the cover ring 13 .

[0054] A cone bucket 15 is slidably and sealably connected in the shell 1 below the array of tubes 2, a plug 16 concentric with the array of tubes 2 is fixed on the cone bucket 15, the lower end of the plug 16 passes through the cone bucket 15, a cone net 17 is fixed on the upper end of the plug 16, the cone net 17 and the upper end of the plug 16 are sealed and plugged in the lower end of the array of tubes 2, and the lower end of the cone bucket 15 is connected to the lower end of the shell 1 through a telescopic component. Specifically, the telescopic component is a telescopic rod 18, the upper end of the telescopic rod 18 is fixedly connected to the cone bucket 15, and the lower end of the telescopic rod 18 is fixedly connected to the shell 1.

[0055] During operation, the material enters the shell 1 through the upper tube 9. The material enters the shell 1 and flows through the tube array 2 after passing through the filter screen 10 and the opening and contacts the catalyst in the tube array 2. The filter screen 10 can filter the material. The heat transfer oil flowing between the upper tube sheet 3 and the lower tube sheet 4 can heat the material and catalyst in the tube array 2. The material reacting with the catalyst passes through the cone screen 17 and the insert tube 16 and is discharged through the lower tube 7.

[0056] When the catalyst needs to be replaced, the telescopic rod 18 is started to move the cone bucket 15 downward, and the cone net 17 is withdrawn from the tube array 2 after the cone bucket 15 moves downward. After the cone net 17 is withdrawn from the tube array 2, the catalyst in the tube array 2 is discharged from the lower end of the tube array 2 into the cone bucket 15, and the catalyst is discharged to the outside of the shell 1 through the cone bucket 15 and the lower tube 7.

[0057] When catalyst needs to be added into the tube array 2 , the insert tube 16 and the cone net 17 are restored. After the upper end of the insert tube 16 and the cone net 17 enter the lower end of the tube array 2 , the cone net 17 can block the catalyst entering into the tube array 2 .

[0058] Then remove the nut 14 and the cover ring 13, pour the catalyst into the upper plate 11, so that the catalyst enters the tube 2 through the through hole of the bottom plate of the upper plate 11 and the fixing sleeve 12. When adding catalyst into the tube 2, the filter screen 10 can prevent the catalyst from being discharged from the opening.

[0059] After the catalyst is filled into the tube array 2, the cover ring 13 is sealed and fixed to the bottom plate of the upper plate 11 again.

[0060] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the lower end of the cone bucket 15 is concentrically fixedly connected with a discharge pipe 19, the lower end of the lower tube 7 is fixedly and sealedly connected with a plugging plate 20, the discharge pipe 19 passes through the lower tube 7 and the plugging plate 20, the discharge pipe 19 and the plugging plate 20 are slidingly and sealingly connected, the discharge pipe 19 below the plugging plate 20 is detachably fixedly and sealedly connected with a sealing cap 21, a gap is provided between the discharge pipe 19 and the lower tube 7, a connecting pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the lower tube 7, and the gap between the discharge pipe 19 and the lower tube 7 is connected with the connecting pipe 8.

[0061] In this embodiment, when the catalyst is replaced, the discharge pipeline can be kept connected to the discharge pipe 6. The discharge pipeline is connected to the connecting pipe 8 in a fixed and sealed manner.

[0062] After being discharged from the lower end of the insert pipe 16, the material passes through the gap between the discharge pipe 19 and the lower pipe 7 and enters the connecting pipe 8, and then the material enters the discharge pipeline.

[0063] When the catalyst is unloaded, the discharge pipe 19 is slidably and sealedly connected with the blocking plate 20 during the downward movement of the cone bucket 15, and the sealing cap 21 is opened to discharge the catalyst in the cone bucket 15. The catalyst unloading process is more convenient.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tube-in-tube (2) type fixed bed reactor, comprising a shell (1), wherein the upper end of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to an upper tube (9), the lower end of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a lower tube (7), an upper tube sheet (3) and a lower tube sheet (4) are fixedly provided inside the shell (1), the upper tube sheet (3) and the lower tube sheet (4) are fixedly and sealedly connected to a plurality of tubes (2), the upper ends of the tubes (2) penetrate the upper tube sheet (3), and the lower ends of the tubes (2) penetrate the lower tube sheet (4), characterized in that: The upper ends of the tubes (2) penetrate the upper end of the shell (1), the tubes (2) are sealedly connected to the upper end of the shell (1), a plurality of openings are provided on the tubes (2) between the upper tube plate (3) and the upper end of the shell (1), a filter screen (10) is fixed in each of the openings, the upper ends of the plurality of tubes (2) are sealedly connected to the adding assembly, a cone bucket (15) is slidably and sealably connected in the shell (1) below the tubes (2), a plug pipe (16) concentric with the tubes (2) is fixed on the cone bucket (15), the lower end of the plug pipe (16) penetrates the cone bucket (15), a cone net (17) is fixed on the upper end of the plug pipe (16), the cone net (17) and the upper end of the plug pipe (16) are sealedly plugged into the lower end of the tubes (2), and the lower end of the cone bucket (15) is connected to the lower end of the shell (1) via a telescopic assembly.

2. A tube-in-tube (2) fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the cone bucket (15) is concentrically fixedly connected with a discharge pipe (19), the lower end of the lower tube (7) is fixedly sealed and connected with a blocking plate (20), the discharge pipe (19) passes through the lower tube (7) and the blocking plate (20), the discharge pipe (19) and the blocking plate (20) are slidably sealed, a sealing cap (21) is detachably fixedly sealed and connected to the discharge pipe (19) below the blocking plate (20), a gap is provided between the discharge pipe (19) and the lower tube (7), a connecting pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the lower tube (7), and the gap between the discharge pipe (19) and the lower tube (7) is connected to the connecting pipe (8).

3. A tube-in-tube (2) fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet pipe (5) and an outlet pipe (6) are fixedly connected to the shell (1) between the upper tube plate (3) and the lower tube plate (4).

4. A tube-in-tube (2) fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adding component comprises an upper plate (11), a fixing sleeve (12) concentric with the array of tubes (2) is fixed at the lower end of the upper plate (11), the fixing sleeve (12) is communicated with the upper plate (11), the upper end of the array of tubes (2) is sealed and inserted in the fixing sleeve (12), the upper tube (9) passes through the hole on the bottom plate of the upper plate (11), a cover ring (13) is detachably fixed and sealed in the upper plate (11), the upper tube (9) passes through the cover ring (13), the cover ring (13) seals and blocks the fixing sleeve (12), a nut (14) is threadedly connected to the upper tube (9), and the lower end of the nut (14) is tightly against the upper end of the cover ring (13).

5. A tube-in-tube (2) fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly is a telescopic rod (18), the upper end of the telescopic rod (18) is fixedly connected to the cone bucket (15), and the lower end of the telescopic rod (18) is fixedly connected to the housing (1).

6. A tube-in-tube (2) fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) comprises a barrel, an upper head and a lower head, the upper head being detachably fixed and sealedly connected to the upper end of the barrel, the lower head being detachably fixed and sealedly connected to the lower end of the barrel, the upper tube (9) being fixed to the upper head, the lower tube (7) being fixed to the lower head, the upper ends of the tube array (2) passing through the upper head, and the tube array (2) being slidably and sealedly connected to the upper head.

7. A tube-in-tube (2) fixed bed reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A through hole communicating with the fixing sleeve (12) is provided on the bottom plate of the upper plate (11), a rubber pad is fixed to the lower end of the cover ring (13), and the cover ring (13) blocks the through hole on the bottom plate of the upper plate (11) through the rubber pad.

8. A tube-in-tube (2) fixed bed reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bolts penetrate the cover ring (13), and are threadedly connected to the bottom plate of the upper plate (11).

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