Fastener disassembling and assembling mechanism

Abstract

The fastener disassembling and assembling mechanism comprises an outer cylinder, a rotating rod, a tool bit and a hook, the rotating rod is arranged in the outer cylinder, the first end of the rotating rod is arranged to be recessed into the first end of the outer cylinder, the second end of the rotating rod is arranged to be protruded out of the second end of the outer cylinder, and the rotating rod can be driven to rotate in the outer cylinder by rotating the second end of the rotating rod; the tool bit comprises a fixing part and a clamping part, and the fixing part is in limiting connection with the first end of the rotating rod in the radial direction and is elastically connected with the first end of the rotating rod in the axial direction; the clamping part is matched and connected with a fastener to be disassembled and assembled; the hook is elastically installed at the first end of the outer cylinder and located on the outer side of the tool bit, and when the hook is subjected to axial acting force facing the tool bit, the hook can be opened and closed in a self-adaptive mode relative to the tool bit so as to hook a fastener to be disassembled and assembled. According to the fastener dismounting and mounting mechanism, the problem that an operator cannot conveniently dismount and mount a fastener at a short distance in a high-temperature occasion is solved, and the operation convenience and safety are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of thermal field disassembly and assembly of single crystal furnaces, and in particular, relates to a fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In some high-temperature working conditions, such as when disassembling and installing the thermal field in a single crystal furnace, some fasteners in the thermal field need to be disassembled and assembled. The thermal field has a small space and high temperature, making it inconvenient for manual operation at close range, and safety accidents such as burns are prone to occur.

[0003] At present, the commonly used disassembly and assembly method is to fix a screwdriver head that can engage with the fastener to be disassembled at the end of a long rod, and set a clamping claw controlled by a connecting rod mechanism at the end of the long rod to grab the fastener to be disassembled. However, the movement of the connecting rod mechanism requires a certain operating space, which is difficult to use in some narrow and compact occasions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism to solve the problems in the prior art of inconvenience in manual operation and the unsuitability of existing tools for long-distance operation, narrow space and the like, and to improve the convenience and safety of fastener disassembly and assembly operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism, comprising an outer cylinder, a rotating rod, a cutter head and a hook, wherein:

[0007] The rotating rod is arranged in the outer cylinder, and the first end of the rotating rod is recessed in the first end of the outer cylinder, and the second end of the rotating rod is protruded from the second end of the outer cylinder. Rotating the second end of the rotating rod can drive the rotating rod to rotate in the outer cylinder;

[0008] The cutter head comprises a fixing part and a clamping part, wherein the fixing part is connected to the first end of the rotating rod in a radial limiting manner and is elastically connected to the first end of the rotating rod in an axial direction; the clamping part is cooperatively connected to the fastener to be disassembled;

[0009] The hook is elastically mounted on the first end of the outer tube and is located outside the cutter head. When the hook is subjected to an axial force acting toward the cutter head, the hook can be adaptively opened and closed relative to the cutter head to hook the fastener to be disassembled.

[0010] The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism of the present application has a compact structure and does not require the drive of an external connecting rod assembly. The hook can adaptively open and close to hook the fastener to be disassembled and assembled, thereby completing the disassembly and installation of the fastener to be disassembled and assembled, thereby realizing the disassembly and assembly of fasteners at a long distance and in a narrow space, solving the problem that it is inconvenient for operators to disassemble and assemble fasteners at close range in high-temperature environments, and greatly improving the convenience and safety of operation.

[0011] Optionally, a mounting cavity is provided in the first end of the rotating rod, the cutter head is inserted into the mounting cavity, and a first elastic member axially acting on the fixing portion is provided in the mounting cavity.

[0012] By cooperating with the mounting cavity and the first elastic member, a simple and reliable implementation is provided, which realizes an elastic connection between the fixing portion and the first end of the rotating rod in the axial direction, so that the cutter head can be driven to rotate by the rotating rod and can also telescope and float relative to the rotating rod.

[0013] Optionally, the installation cavity and the fixing portion are connected via a spline limit connection; or, the installation cavity and the fixing portion are connected via a thread limit connection.

[0014] The cutter head can be detachably mounted on the rotating rod through spline or thread matching, which is convenient for installing cutter heads of different specifications and thus adapting to fasteners of different types and models.

[0015] Optionally, the hook is rotatably connected to the first end of the outer tube, and the outer tube is provided with a limiting portion located outside the hook, and a second elastic member is provided between the limiting portion and the hook.

[0016] The hook is enabled to have the ability to adaptively open and close by means of the second elastic member, thereby adaptively clamping the fastener to cooperate with the movement of the cutter head.

[0017] Optionally, the end of the hook has an inclined introduction surface and a non-return surface connected to the introduction surface, and the fastener to be disassembled enters the hook along the introduction surface and is hooked by the non-return surface.

[0018] When the hook is subjected to an axial force toward the cutter head, a guide surface is provided at the end of the hook to reduce the resistance of the hook to adaptively open as the fastener penetrates deeper, and then the second elastic member is used to realize the adaptive closing (i.e., resetting) of the hook, thereby locking the fastener.

[0019] Optionally, the outer cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, the upper cylinder is coaxially arranged with the lower cylinder and detachably connected, the first end of the outer cylinder is located at the bottom end of the lower cylinder, and the second end of the outer cylinder is located at the top end of the upper cylinder.

[0020] By designing the outer cylinder as a split structure, the installation and processing of each component are facilitated.

[0021] Optionally, a limiting hole is provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder, and a limiting member for limiting the axial movement of the rotating rod is provided in the limiting hole.

[0022] The axial movement of the rotating rod is limited by the limiting member, so that the rotating rod can only rotate relative to the outer cylinder, so as to accurately drive the fastener to rotate.

[0023] Optionally, a guide portion is further provided on the outer tube, and the guide portion and the hook are circumferentially distributed on the end surface of the first end of the outer tube, and the guide portion is configured to guide the fastener to be disassembled to enter or leave the hook.

[0024] The guide portion ensures that the fastener is always on the axis when entering or leaving the hook, so that the fastener can be efficiently disassembled and assembled, and the fastener is prevented from deviating from the hook.

[0025] Optionally, the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism further includes a wrench, which cooperates with the second end of the rotating rod to be operated to rotate the second end of the rotating rod.

[0026] The wrench acts on the second end of the rotating rod to drive the cutter head at the first end of the rotating rod to rotate, thereby realizing the action of driving the fastener to rotate over a long distance.

[0027] Optionally, a handle is provided at the second end of the outer tube, and the handle is transversely fixed to the outer tube.

[0028] The rotating rod is taken by the handle and aligned with the fastener so as to drive the rotating rod to complete the disassembly and assembly of the fastener. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate and understand the technical solutions in the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the background technology and embodiment descriptions of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the present application and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end of the outer tube in the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end of the outer tube in the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second end of the outer tube in the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower cylinder in the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism and the fastener provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figures 1 to 6 The following reference numerals are included:

[0037] An outer cylinder 10, a limiting hole 11, a limiting portion 12, an upper cylinder 13, a lower cylinder 14, and a guiding portion 15;

[0038] Rotating rod 20, limiting groove 21, mounting cavity 22, first elastic member 23, spline 24;

[0039] A cutter head 30, a fixing portion 31, and a clamping portion 32;

[0040] A hook 40, an introduction surface 41, and a non-return surface 42;

[0041] Wrench 50;

[0042] Handle 60. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the technical problems solved by this application, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved more clearly, the technical solutions of this application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] When disassembling and assembling fasteners in a hot field, especially removing the bolts corresponding to the support rod shaft, personnel cannot operate in close contact with the hot field in a high-temperature, elongated and narrow space, and some tools with large volume or large range of motion are difficult to use. Therefore, the disassembly and assembly of fasteners is difficult and the operation is highly dangerous.

[0045] In this regard, the utility model provides a fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism to complete the disassembly and assembly of fasteners at a long distance and in a narrow space. It should be noted that the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism proposed in this application is suitable for disassembly and assembly of various fasteners, such as bolts, screws, screws, studs, etc. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes an outer cylinder 10, a rotating rod 20, a cutter head 30 and a hook 40.

[0046] Among them, the rotating rod 20 is arranged in the outer cylinder 10, and the first end of the rotating rod 20 is recessed in the first end of the outer cylinder 10, and the second end of the rotating rod 20 is protruded from the second end of the outer cylinder 10. Rotating the second end of the rotating rod 20 can drive the rotating rod 20 to rotate in the outer cylinder 10.

[0047] The cutter head 30 includes a fixing portion 31 and a clamping portion 32. The fixing portion 31 is radially limitedly connected to the first end of the rotating rod 20, and is axially elastically connected to the first end of the rotating rod 20. The clamping portion 32 is cooperatively connected to the fastener to be disassembled.

[0048] The hook 40 is elastically mounted on the first end of the outer tube 10 and is located outside the cutter head 30. When the hook 40 is subjected to an axial force toward the cutter head 30, the hook 40 can be adaptively opened and closed relative to the cutter head 30 to hook the fastener to be disassembled.

[0049] The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism proposed in the present application connects the fixed portion 31 of the cutter head with the first end of the rotating rod in a radial limiting connection, so that the cutter head 30 can rotate with the rotating rod 20, and at the same time, the fixed portion 31 of the cutter head is elastically connected to the first end of the rotating rod 20 in the axial direction, so that the cutter head 30 has a certain telescopic ability in the axial direction. When disassembling and assembling the fastener, the clamping portion 32 of the cutter head is matched and connected with the fastener to be disassembled and assembled, for example, through a spline limit, a concave portion and a convex portion with a clamping relationship. Rotating the rotating rod 20, the fixed portion 31 of the cutter head 30 and the first end of the rotating rod 20 in the radial limiting connection can drive the cutter head 30 to rotate, and then drive the fastener to rotate under the action of the clamping portion 32. With the rotation of the fastener, the fastener can be squeezed between the two hooks (the fastener rises axially during the disassembly process) or detached from the two hooks (the fastener falls axially during the installation process), and the elastic expansion and contraction of the cutter head 30 in the axial direction provides a margin for the cutter head to rise and fall. In addition, the adaptive opening and closing action of the hook 40 does not require an additional power source, which can simplify the structure of the device and reduce the overall volume.

[0050] The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism of the present application has a compact structure and does not require the drive of an external connecting rod assembly. The hook can adaptively open and close to hook the fastener to be disassembled and assembled, thereby completing the disassembly and installation of the fastener to be disassembled and assembled, thereby realizing the disassembly and assembly of fasteners at a long distance and in a narrow space, solving the problem that it is inconvenient for operators to disassemble and assemble fasteners at close range in high-temperature environments, and greatly improving the convenience and safety of operation.

[0051] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, a limiting hole 11 is provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder 10, and a limiting member for limiting the axial movement of the rotating rod 20 is provided in the limiting hole 11. The limiting member here is preferably a pin shaft inserted into the limiting hole 11, and a limiting groove 21 is annularly provided on the rotating rod 20, and the pin shaft is inserted into the limiting groove 21.

[0052] Thus, the axial movement of the rotating rod 20 is limited by the limiting member, so that the rotating rod 20 can only rotate relative to the outer cylinder 10 to accurately drive the fastener to rotate.

[0053] Optional, such as Figure 2As shown, in order to better realize the radial limiting connection and the axial elastic connection, an installation cavity 22 is opened in the first end of the rotating rod 20, and the installation cavity 22 is preferably a hexagonal hollow cavity. The cutter head 30 is inserted into the installation cavity 22. The fixing portion 31 of the cutter head 30 is correspondingly in the shape of a hexagonal column, and a first elastic member 23 acting axially on the fixing portion 31 is arranged in the installation cavity 22. The first elastic member 23 is preferably a spring or a spring sheet.

[0054] It can be seen that the cutter head 30 can be driven to rotate by the rotating rod 20 through the first elastic member 23, and can also be telescopically floated relative to the rotating rod 20, so that the fastener can receive sufficient driving force when being screwed in and out.

[0055] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, the mounting cavity 22 and the fixing portion 31 are limitedly connected by a spline 24. The spline 24 may be in the form of an inner hexagon, an inner triangle, a square, a pentagon, etc., in addition to an inner hexagonal type, as long as the fixing portion of the cutter head 30 has a corresponding snap-fitting form therewith.

[0056] Optionally, the mounting cavity 22 and the fixing portion 31 are threadedly limitedly connected so that the cutter head 30 can be detachably mounted on the rotating rod 20, so as to facilitate replacement of cutter heads 30 of various types and adapt to fasteners of different types and types.

[0057] As an optional implementation of the hook 40 adaptively opening and closing, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the hook 40 is rotatably connected to the first end of the outer tube 10, and the outer tube 10 is provided with a limiting portion 12 located outside the hook 40, and a second elastic member is provided between the limiting portion 12 and the hook 40, and the second elastic member is preferably a spring or a spring sheet, and the second elastic member here is hidden in the limiting portion 12. The limiting portion 12 can be an auxiliary structure fixed to the outer tube 10, or can be a structure belonging to the outer tube 10 itself.

[0058] Taking the fastener as a bolt, when the hook 40 is subjected to an axial force toward the cutter head 30, that is, when the fastener rises toward the cutter head, the head of the bolt will push the two hooks 40 outward and squeeze in between the two hooks 40; when the head of the bolt is completely between the two hooks 40, under the action of the second elastic member, the two hooks will return to the state before being squeezed, thereby hooking the head of the bolt. As a result, the hook 40 has the ability to open and close adaptively, thereby adaptively clamping the head of the bolt to cooperate with the action of the cutter head 30.

[0059] Further, in order to reduce the resistance of the hook 40 to the adaptive opening. Figure 4As shown, the end of the hook 40 has an inclined introduction surface 41 and a non-return surface 42 connected to the introduction surface 41. The bolt to be disassembled enters the hook 40 along the introduction surface 41 and is hooked by the non-return surface 42. The introduction surface 41 here is set as an inclined surface that is conducive to the bolt head sliding in, and as the bolt goes deeper, the hook 40 is pushed open until the bolt head reaches the non-return surface 42, and the hook 40 resets and hooks the bolt head; the non-return surface 42 here is an inclined surface that is not conducive to the bolt head sliding out, and locks the bolt head, but when the axial force of the bolt is large enough, the bolt can still pass the non-return surface 42 and come out, so as to realize the bolt installation process.

[0060] Thus, the hook 40 can be opened automatically and adaptively as the bolt goes deeper through the introduction surface 41, and then reset with the cooperation of the second elastic member, and the bolt head is limited by the check surface 42, so as to achieve the purpose of locking the fastener.

[0061] In order to facilitate the installation and processing of various components, the outer cylinder 10 is designed as a split structure, optionally, as Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the outer cylinder 10 includes an upper cylinder 13 and a lower cylinder 14. The upper cylinder 13 and the lower cylinder 14 are coaxially arranged and detachably connected, the first end of the outer cylinder 10 is located at the bottom end of the lower cylinder 14, and the second end of the outer cylinder 10 is located at the top end of the upper cylinder 13.

[0062] Optionally, a guide portion 15 is further provided on the outer tube 10, and the guide portion 15 and the hook 40 are circumferentially distributed on the end surface of the first end of the outer tube 10, and the guide portion 15 is configured to guide the fastener to be disassembled to enter or leave the hook 40. The guide portion 15 and the hook 40 are staggered, and in this embodiment, two hooks 40 and two guide portions 15 are used as examples, and the two guide portions 17 are symmetrically arranged, and there is an opening between the two guide portions 15 for the two hooks 40 to open outward.

[0063] Thus, the guide portion 15 allows the bolt to always be on the axis during the process of entering or leaving the hook 40, so as to efficiently disassemble and assemble the fastener and prevent the fastener from deviating from the hook.

[0064] Optionally, the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism further includes a wrench 50, which cooperates with the second end of the rotating rod 20 and is used to operate to rotate the second end of the rotating rod 20. The wrench 50 is preferably a ratchet wrench, which is convenient for workers to complete disassembly and assembly on the hot field side.

[0065] Thus, the wrench 50 acts on the second end of the rotating rod 20 to drive the cutter head 30 at the first end of the rotating rod 20 to rotate, thereby realizing a remote driving bolt rotation action, or the rotating rod 20 can also be automatically rotated by electrically driving the first end of the rotating rod 20.

[0066] Optionally, a handle 60 is provided at the second end of the outer tube 10 , and the handle 60 is transversely fixed on the outer tube 10 .

[0067] Thus, the rotating rod 20 is taken by the handle 60 and aligned with the bolt so as to drive the rotating rod 20 to complete the disassembly and assembly of the bolt.

[0068] It should be noted that the above-mentioned optional implementation modes can be combined in any combination, and the combined implementation modes all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0069] Taking bolts as an example, the working principle of the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism of the present application is introduced below:

[0070] Fastener (bolt) disassembly process: 1) Replace the appropriate cutter head 30 on the rotating rod 20, and align the cutter head 30 with the position of the bolt; 2) After the cutter head 30 is engaged with the bolt, rotate the wrench 50. When the wrench 50 is continuously rotated, the bolt is gradually screwed up and presses the cutter head 30 upward, and the first elastic member 23 is compressed; 3) The head of the bolt moves along the introduction surface 41 of the hook 40 and pushes the hook 40 open, and the second elastic member is compressed; 4) The bolt continues to be screwed up until the head of the bolt enters the interior of the hook 40, and the second elastic member resets the hook 40, and the check surface 42 of the hook 40 limits the head of the bolt; 5) The bolt is completely screwed up and the bolt is grabbed and removed through the hook 40.

[0071] Fastener installation process: 1) The hook 40 holds the bolt, the cutter head 30 engages with the bolt, and the rod of the bolt is aligned with the installation position; 2) The wrench 50 is rotated, and the bolt is gradually screwed in while the wrench 50 is continuously rotated; 3) The bolt continues to be screwed in, and when a certain extrusion pressure is reached, the limiting function of the check surface 42 on the bolt fails, and the bolt comes out of the hook 40; 4) The bolt continues to be rotated until it is fully tightened.

[0072] It can be seen that the fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism of the present application has a compact structure and does not require the drive of an external connecting rod assembly. The hook 40 can be adaptively opened and closed to hook the fastener to be disassembled and assembled, thereby completing the disassembly and installation of the fastener to be disassembled and assembled, thereby realizing the disassembly and assembly of fasteners at long distances and in narrow spaces, solving the problem that it is inconvenient for operators to disassemble and assemble fasteners at close range in high-temperature environments, and greatly improving the convenience and safety of operation.

[0073] The above embodiments are only to illustrate the basic principles and characteristics of the present application. The present application is not limited by the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, the present application may be subject to various changes and modifications, which are within the scope of the present application to be protected. The scope of protection claimed in the present application is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism, characterized in that: The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism comprises an outer cylinder, a rotating rod, a cutter head and a hook, wherein: The rotating rod is arranged in the outer tube, and the first end of the rotating rod is recessed in the first end of the outer tube, and the second end of the rotating rod is protruded from the second end of the outer tube. Rotating the second end of the rotating rod can drive the rotating rod to rotate in the outer tube; The cutter head comprises a fixing portion and a clamping portion, wherein the fixing portion is connected to the first end of the rotating rod in a radial limiting manner and is elastically connected to the first end of the rotating rod in an axial direction; the clamping portion is cooperatively connected to the fastener to be disassembled; The hook is elastically mounted on the first end of the outer tube and is located outside the cutter head. When the hook is subjected to an axial force acting toward the cutter head, the hook can be adaptively opened and closed relative to the cutter head to hook the fastener to be disassembled.

2. The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting cavity is provided in the first end of the rotating rod, the cutter head is inserted into the mounting cavity, and a first elastic member axially acting on the fixing portion is arranged in the mounting cavity.

3. The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation cavity and the fixing portion are connected via a spline limit connection; or, the installation cavity and the fixing portion are connected via a thread limit connection.

4. The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook is rotatably connected to the first end of the outer tube, and the outer tube is provided with a limiting portion located outside the hook, and a second elastic member is provided between the limiting portion and the hook.

5. The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the hook has an inclined introduction surface and a non-return surface connected with the introduction surface. The fastener to be disassembled enters the hook along the introduction surface and is hooked by the non-return surface.

6. The fastener disassembling and assembling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder comprises an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, wherein the upper cylinder is coaxially arranged with the lower cylinder and is detachably connected, the first end of the outer cylinder is located at the bottom end of the lower cylinder, and the second end of the outer cylinder is located at the top end of the upper cylinder.

7. The fastener disassembling and assembling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting hole is arranged on the side wall of the outer cylinder, and a limiting member for limiting the axial movement of the rotating rod is arranged in the limiting hole.

8. The fastener disassembling and assembling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tube is also provided with a guide portion, the guide portion and the hook are circumferentially distributed on the end surface of the first end of the outer tube, and the guide portion is configured to guide the fastener to be disassembled to enter or leave the hook.

9. The fastener disassembling and assembling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener disassembly and assembly mechanism also includes a wrench, which cooperates with the second end of the rotating rod and is operated to rotate the second end of the rotating rod.

10. The fastener disassembling and assembling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle is disposed at the second end of the outer tube, and the handle is transversely fixed on the outer tube.

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