Transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses a transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on a 3D printing technology, which comprises a water injection pipeline, a special-shaped balloon, a nasal cavity bag and a branch pipe. The two ends of the water injection pipeline are open, and the water injection pipeline comprises a pipe wall, a sphenoid sinus liquid filling cavity defined by the pipe wall and a nasal cavity liquid injection cavity formed by the hollow pipe wall. The special-shaped balloon is arranged at the front end opening of the water injection pipeline and communicated with the sphenoid sinus liquid filling cavity, and the shape of the special-shaped balloon after water injection and expansion is matched with a three-dimensional space of a skull base support formed by the front wall and the outer side wall of the sphenoid sinus to be abraded and the skull base bone range; the nasal cavity bag is arranged behind the special-shaped balloon and wraps the pipe wall of the water injection pipeline, and the nasal cavity liquid injection cavity is communicated with the nasal cavity bag and the branch pipe. The skull base can be effectively supported in a short time, and postoperative complications are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology. Background Art

[0002] Endoscopic skull base surgery is to use an endoscope to enter the skull base area through the natural aperture of the human body, nostrils, to remove some lesions. Endoscopic skull base surgery is a minimally invasive surgery, and the damage to the human body is relatively small. It has been booming in recent years, but the postoperative skull base bone dura mater defect can cause cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, intracranial infection and other serious complications.

[0003] At present, the repair method of autologous or allogeneic graft reconstruction is adopted. After the graft is applied to the skull base, a support needs to be temporarily filled in the sphenoethmoid sinus of the nasal skull base to promote the growth of the graft and avoid cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Conventional skull base defect repair supports include iodoform gauze, Foley round balloon, expansion sponge, etc. However, there is a problem of poor effect of applying to the uneven skull base, resulting in excessive or insufficient support of the skull base. Excessive support can damage the optic nerve or cause complications such as necrosis of the mucosal flap with vascular pedicles; insufficient support can cause complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage and intracranial infection. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology, which can achieve short-term effective support for the skull base and reduce postoperative complications.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0006] A transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology, comprising:

[0007] A water injection pipe, with openings at both ends, including a pipe wall and a sphenoid sinus liquid-filled cavity formed by the pipe wall;

[0008] The special-shaped balloon is arranged at the front port of the water injection pipeline and communicated with the sphenoid sinus filling cavity. The shape of the balloon after water injection and expansion is consistent with the three-dimensional space of the skull base support formed by the anterior wall and lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus and the skull base bone range to be removed;

[0009] The first syringe connector is arranged at the rear port of the water injection pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the support also includes a nasal cavity bag, which is arranged behind the special-shaped balloon, wrapped around the tube wall of the water injection pipe, and expanded by water injection through a branch tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the wall of the water injection pipe section at the rear end of the nasal bag is hollow to form a nasal injection cavity, the front end of the nasal injection cavity is connected to the nasal bag, and the branch pipe is connected to the outer wall of the water injection pipe and is connected to the nasal injection cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, a second syringe connector is provided at the end of the branch tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the nasal cavity capsule is 12 cm, and the volume inside the nasal cavity capsule converted into a water injection volume of 15 ml.

[0014] Furthermore, the special-shaped balloon is a 3D-printed part made of TPU material, and the internal volume of the special-shaped balloon converted into a water injection volume of 5-8 ml.

[0015] Furthermore, the support also includes a lug accessory, and the lug accessory is connected to the outer wall of the water injection pipeline near the first syringe connector.

[0016] In view of the problem that the existing skull base support has poor application effect, on the one hand, the utility model provides a special-shaped balloon that can fit the shape of the skull base defect area after being filled with water and expanded, so as to maximize the fit to the skull base bone defect shape when in use; on the other hand, the utility model provides a nasal cavity balloon, which is fixed in the nasal cavity after being filled with water and expanded, which can improve the structural stability of the support, avoid the displacement of the special-shaped balloon, and ensure its support stability.

[0017] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The utility model improves the completeness and stability of the support for the skull base by setting up the special-shaped balloon and the nasal balloon, and provides effective short-term support after surgery. It avoids the complications of excessive support after water injection of the existing round (elliptical) balloon, which damages the optic nerve or causes necrosis of the mucosal flap with a vascular pedicle; it also avoids the complications of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, intracranial infection, etc. caused by insufficient support after water injection of the existing balloon. Therefore, the utility model provides a safer and more effective treatment plan for patients undergoing transnasal skull base surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology described in Example 1.

[0020] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the fitting positions of various parts of the special-shaped balloon in Example 1.

[0021] In the figure: 1-special-shaped balloon, 2-water injection pipe, 3-first syringe connector, 4-ear hook attachment, 5-nasal cavity balloon, 6-branch tube, 7-second syringe connector; 21-sphenoid sinus filling cavity, 22-nasal cavity injection cavity; A-sphenoethmoid anterior wall fitting side; B-lateral wall fitting side; C-skull base bone fitting side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A 3D printing-based transnasal skull base surgical defect support, the structure of which is Figure 1 As shown, it includes a special-shaped balloon 1, a water injection pipeline 2, an ear-hanging accessory 4, a nasal cavity balloon 5, a branch tube 6 and two syringe connectors.

[0025] The water injection pipe 2 is opened at both ends, including a pipe wall and a sphenoid sinus filling cavity 21 formed by the pipe wall. The special-shaped balloon 1 is arranged at the front port of the water injection pipe 2, connected to the sphenoid sinus filling cavity 21, and is made of TPU. The shape after water injection and expansion is consistent with the three-dimensional space of the skull base support formed by the anterior wall, lateral wall and skull base bone range of the sphenoid ethmoid sinus to be removed. The volume inside the balloon is converted into a water injection volume of 5-8 ml. The first syringe connector 3 is arranged at the rear port of the water injection pipe 2, for connecting a syringe, and injecting water into the special-shaped balloon 1 through the sphenoid sinus filling cavity 21.

[0026] The nasal cavity capsule 5 is arranged behind the special-shaped balloon 1, and is covered by the wall of the water injection pipe 2. Its length is 12 cm, and the volume inside the capsule is converted into 15 ml of water injection. The wall of the pipe section of the water injection pipe 2 located at the rear end of the nasal cavity capsule 5 is hollow, forming a nasal cavity injection cavity 22; the front end of the nasal cavity injection cavity 22 is connected to the nasal cavity capsule 5, and the outer wall of the water injection pipe 2 near the first syringe connector 3 is connected to a branch pipe 6 connected to the nasal cavity injection cavity 22; the end of the branch pipe 6 is provided with a second syringe connector 7 for connecting a syringe and injecting water into the nasal cavity capsule 5 through the nasal cavity injection cavity 22.

[0027] The ear-hanging accessory 4 is connected to the outer wall of the water injection pipe 2 near the first syringe connector 3 .

[0028] The method for using the transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology is as follows:

[0029] Under endoscopy, the water injection pipe 2 is placed into the surgical defect of the skull base through the nose, and a syringe is used to inject water into the water injection pipe 2 through the first syringe connector 3 to expand the special-shaped balloon 1 to fill the defect (the fitting positions of the various parts of the special-shaped balloon 1 are as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown); inject water into the branch tube 6 through the second syringe connector 7 to expand the nasal capsule 5 and fix it in the nasal cavity, thereby improving the position stability of the support and avoiding displacement; finally, use the ear hook accessory 4 to fix the water injection pipe 2.

[0030] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a special-shaped balloon 1, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. Use three-dimensional high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) to obtain three-dimensional bone morphological data of the whole head (above the level of C2);

[0032] S2. Use 3D-Slicer software to select the anterior and lateral walls of the sphenoethmoid sinus and the skull base bone area to be removed to form a three-dimensional space for skull base support;

[0033] S3. Use SLS 3D printing technology to make a PA12 (nylon 12) cavity, and use machining technology to process the roughness and dimensional accuracy of the cavity;

[0034] S4. The TPU material (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer) is heated by an injection molding machine and enters an extrusion mold to be formed into a TPU tube with an inner diameter of 2 inches and a wall thickness of 5 mm. The TPU tube is preheated (170-200 degrees Fahrenheit), inflated and pressurized at both ends of the PA12 cavity (pressure is 35 bar) for 10 seconds, and then the mold is opened and cooled to achieve the molding of the special-shaped balloon 1.

[0035] The special-shaped balloon of the utility model needs to be matched with the shape of the skull base after being expanded by water injection, and it is difficult for traditional 3D printing equipment to directly produce a support that can perfectly match the complex skull base structure after expansion. In this regard, the inventor adopted an indirect 3D printing method, combined with material screening, to achieve a high degree of customization and precise support for the shape of the skull base. TPU material has become an ideal choice for manufacturing expandable balloons due to its excellent biocompatibility, pressure resistance and shape memory properties. By accurately calculating the expansion characteristics of TPU material after water injection, the shape change of the balloon during the expansion process can be predicted and controlled to ensure that it can fit closely to the skull base defect area after surgery and provide a stable support for the skull base. In the indirect 3D printing process, the PA12 cavity is first manufactured using advanced 3D printing technology. The design of the cavity is based on the precise measurement and three-dimensional reconstruction of the patient's skull base defect area. In this way, the shape and size of the cavity are precisely customized to meet the 5 to 10 times deformation requirements of the TPU material after water injection. This customized cavity not only ensures that the shape of the balloon is highly matched to the skull base defect area, but also ensures the uniformity and stability of the balloon during the inflation process.

[0036] This specific implementation method is only an explanation of the utility model, not a limitation of the utility model. Any changes made by those skilled in the art after reading the specification of the utility model will be protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology, characterized in that: include: A water injection pipe (2) having openings at both ends, comprising a pipe wall and a sphenoid sinus liquid filling cavity (21) formed by the pipe wall; The special-shaped balloon (1) is arranged at the front end of the water injection pipeline (2) and is connected to the sphenoid sinus liquid filling cavity (21). The shape of the special-shaped balloon (1) after being expanded by water injection is consistent with the three-dimensional space of the skull base support formed by the anterior wall and the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus and the skull base bone range to be removed; A first syringe connector (3) is arranged at the rear port of the water injection pipeline (2).

2. The transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a nasal cavity bag (5), which is arranged behind the special-shaped balloon (1), covers the wall of the water injection pipe (2), and is expanded by water injection through a branch pipe (6).

3. The transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wall of the water injection pipe (2) at the rear end of the nasal cavity bag (5) is hollow, forming a nasal cavity injection cavity (22). The front end of the nasal cavity injection cavity (22) is connected to the nasal cavity bag (5). The branch pipe (6) is connected to the outer wall of the water injection pipe (2) and is connected to the nasal cavity injection cavity (22).

4. The transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The end of the branch tube (6) is provided with a second syringe connector (7).

5. The transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the nasal cavity bag (5) is 12 cm, and the internal volume of the nasal cavity bag (5) converted into a water injection volume is 15 ml.

6. The transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special-shaped balloon (1) is a 3D-printed part made of TPU material, and the internal volume of the special-shaped balloon (1) is 5-8 ml when converted into a water injection volume.

7. The transnasal skull base surgical defect support based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a lug attachment (4), wherein the lug attachment (4) is connected to the outer wall of the water injection pipe (2) at one end close to the first syringe connector (3).

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