Crushing and screening device for polycrystalline silicon waste

Abstract

The utility model discloses a polycrystalline silicon waste crushing and screening device which comprises a crushing box and a crushing roller mechanism arranged in the crushing box, a pretreatment mechanism is arranged above the crushing box and comprises an outer shell and an inner screen drum which are arranged in an inclined mode, and a feeding pipe communicated with the inner screen drum is arranged at the higher end of the outer shell. A receiving hopper is arranged at the bottom of the higher end of the outer shell, a vibrator connected with the inner screen drum is installed at the lower end of the outer shell, a discharging pipe communicated with the crushing box is arranged at the lower end of the inner screen drum, a screening plate is obliquely installed in the crushing box below the crushing roller mechanism, and a coarse material outlet is formed in the crushing box at the lower end of the screening plate. And a fine material outlet is formed in the crushing box below the screening plate. According to the device, the polycrystalline silicon waste crushing effect can be improved, the phenomenon of excessive crushing of the polycrystalline silicon waste is avoided, and the crushing efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon waste is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource treatment and processing, and specifically relates to a crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste. Background Art

[0002] Polysilicon is one of the main materials for manufacturing solar cells, but a large amount of waste is generated during the production process. These wastes include cutting waste, trimming waste, etc. If these wastes are handled at will, it will not only waste resources, but also pollute the environment. In order to avoid the waste of resources, the recycling and reuse of polysilicon waste has become the main technical measure for energy conservation and emission reduction. At present, in addition to being used for casting solar cells, polysilicon waste can also be purified by smelting to produce industrial silicon. In the technical process of smelting and purifying industrial silicon with polysilicon waste, the specifications of the recycled polysilicon vary. Before smelting, the recycled polysilicon waste needs to be pre-treated. The pre-treatment mainly includes impurity removal, crushing, sorting and other processes. The crushing device is a structure used in the pre-treatment process of polysilicon waste. In the existing technology, the crushing device includes a crushing box and a crushing roller mechanism. During use, the recycled polysilicon waste directly enters the crushing box and is crushed by the crushing roller mechanism. Since the particle size of polysilicon waste is not easy, there will be a crushing transition or the particle size after crushing does not meet the use requirements during the crushing process, resulting in uneven crushing and unsatisfactory crushing effect. It is an objective need to develop a crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste with a reasonable structure that can effectively improve the crushing effect and crushing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a polysilicon waste crushing and screening device which has a reasonable structure and can effectively improve the crushing effect and crushing efficiency.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved in this way, including a crushing box and a crushing roller mechanism arranged in the crushing box, a pre-treatment mechanism is arranged above the crushing box, the pre-treatment mechanism includes an outer shell and an inner screen cylinder arranged obliquely, the outer shell is installed on the top of the crushing box through a shock-absorbing support, the inner screen cylinder is installed inside the outer shell, a feeding pipe connected with the inner screen cylinder is arranged at the higher end of the outer shell, a receiving hopper is arranged at the bottom of the higher end of the outer shell, a vibrator connected with the inner screen cylinder is installed at the lower end of the outer shell, a discharge pipe connected with the crushing box is arranged at the lower end of the inner screen cylinder, a screening plate is obliquely installed in the crushing box below the crushing roller mechanism, a coarse material outlet is arranged on the crushing box at the lower end of the screening plate, and a fine material outlet is arranged on the crushing box below the screening plate.

[0005] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the device are: based on the structure of the original crushing box, a pretreatment mechanism is set up, and the inner screen drum of the pretreatment mechanism can pre-screen the recycled polysilicon waste, and first screen the fine particles in the polysilicon waste that meet the smelting requirements, and then send the screened polysilicon waste into the crushing box for treatment by the crushing roller mechanism, which is beneficial to improving the effect of polysilicon crushing, avoiding the phenomenon of excessive crushing of polysilicon waste, and making the crushed particle size of polysilicon waste more uniform. At the same time, the screening plate in the crushing box can screen the crushed polysilicon waste again, quickly screen out the qualified polysilicon waste, and discharge the unqualified polysilicon waste through the coarse material outlet, and continue to return to the crushing box for crushing again, which is beneficial to improving the crushing efficiency of polysilicon waste. The device has the advantages of reasonable structure, significant crushing effect and high crushing efficiency, and is easy to promote and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0007] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0008] In the figure: 1-crushing box, 2-crushing roller mechanism, 3-outer shell, 4-inner screen cylinder, 5-feeding pipe, 6-receiving hopper, 7-vibrator, 8-discharging pipe, 9-screening plate, 10-coarse material outlet, 11-fine material outlet, 12-material guide pipe, 13-discharging plate, 14-sliding rod, 15-adjusting rod, 16-sliding sleeve, 17-adjusting pipe, 18-adjusting screw, 19-adjusting handle, 20-crushing sawtooth, 21-returning box, 22-returning pipe, 23-driving motor, 24-transmission shaft, 25-spiral blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the teachings of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0010] like Figures 1-2As shown, the utility model includes a crushing box 1 and a crushing roller mechanism 2 arranged in the crushing box 1, the crushing roller mechanism 2 is a mechanism used in the prior art, the crushing roller mechanism is arranged up and down, the upper crushing roller mechanism is divided into two groups, the two groups of crushing rollers in the upper layer rotate in opposite directions, the lower crushing roller mechanism is divided into two groups, the two groups of crushing rollers in the lower layer rotate in opposite directions, the crushing rollers are connected by a gear transmission mechanism, which can better improve the crushing effect of polysilicon waste, a pretreatment mechanism is arranged above the crushing box 1, the pretreatment mechanism includes an outer shell 3 and an inner screen drum 4 arranged obliquely, the outer shell 3 is installed on the top of the crushing box 1 through a shock-absorbing support, the inner screen drum 4 is installed inside the outer shell 3, and the higher end of the outer shell 3 is provided with an inlet connected to the inner screen drum 4. A material receiving hopper 6 is arranged at the bottom of the higher end of the outer shell 3, a vibrator 7 connected to the inner screen drum 4 is installed at the lower end of the outer shell 3, and the vibrator 7 adopts a functional structure used in the prior art, such as a vibration motor, an ultrasonic vibrator, etc. The outer shell 3 and the inner screen drum 7 are installed in an inclined manner to prevent the polysilicon waste from being blocked during the screening process, so as to ensure the smooth flow of the polysilicon waste during the pre-screening process and improve the production efficiency. A feed pipe 8 connected to the crushing box 1 is arranged at the lower end of the inner screen drum 4, and a screening plate 9 is obliquely installed in the crushing box 1 below the crushing roller mechanism 2, and a coarse material outlet 10 is arranged on the crushing box 1 at the lower end of the screening plate 9, and a fine material outlet 11 is arranged on the crushing box 1 below the screening plate 9.

[0011] The working process of the device is as follows: the recovered polysilicon waste enters the inner screen drum 4 through the feed pipe 5, and the vibrator 7 generates vibration, thereby driving the inner screen drum 4 to vibrate. During the vibration process, the inner screen drum 4 can break and disperse the waste with finer particle size in the polysilicon waste, and discharge it through the sieve holes of the inner screen drum 4, and finally collect it through the receiving hopper 6. After vibration screening, the polysilicon waste flowing in the inner screen drum 4 will enter the crushing box through the discharge pipe 8, and the polysilicon waste will be crushed by the crushing roller mechanism. The crushed polysilicon waste falls onto the screening plate 9. After screening by the screening plate 9, unqualified polysilicon waste is discharged from the coarse material outlet 10 and can be returned to the crushing box 1 for re-crushing. Qualified polysilicon waste falls to the bottom of the screening plate 9 and is discharged from the fine material outlet 11. The device is provided with a pretreatment mechanism on the basis of the structure of the original crushing box 1. The inner screen drum 4 of the pretreatment mechanism can pre-screen the recycled polysilicon waste, screen the fine particles in the polysilicon waste that meet the smelting requirements first, and then send the screened polysilicon waste into the crushing box 1 for treatment by the crushing roller mechanism, which is beneficial to improving the effect of polysilicon crushing, avoiding the phenomenon of excessive crushing of polysilicon waste, and making the crushed particle size of polysilicon waste more uniform. At the same time, the screening plate 9 in the crushing box 1 can screen the crushed polysilicon waste again, quickly screen out the qualified polysilicon waste, and discharge the unqualified polysilicon waste through the coarse material outlet 10, and continue to return to the crushing box 1 for crushing again, which is beneficial to improving the crushing efficiency of polysilicon waste.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the polysilicon waste discharged from the inner screen drum 4 continuously and evenly enters the crushing box 1, a guide pipe 12 is provided on the top of the crushing box 1, and the lower end of the feed pipe 8 extends to the upper end of the feed pipe 12. An elastic sealing ring is provided between the feed pipe 8 and the feed pipe 12. The elastic sealing ring can realize the sealing connection between the feed pipe and the feed pipe to prevent the polysilicon waste from generating dust when entering the crushing box. Preferably, in order to realize the control of the amount of feed entering the crushing box, a feed regulating mechanism is provided inside the feed pipe 12. The adjustment mechanism includes a blanking plate 13, a slide bar 14 and an adjustment bar 15. The blanking plate 13 is divided into two pieces. The blanking plates 13 are arranged symmetrically and tilted. The higher end of the blanking plate 13 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the guide tube 12. The lower end of the blanking plate 13 is suspended, and a gap is left between the lower ends of the two blanking plates 13. The slide bar 14 is installed parallel to the lower side of the blanking plate 43. A sliding sleeve 16 is slidably mounted on the slide bar 14. The crushing box 1 is provided with an adjuster. One end of the adjustment bar 15 is hingedly connected to the sliding sleeve 16, and the other end is connected to the adjuster. The adjuster can drive the sliding sleeve 16. Slide on the slide bar 14 to adjust the spacing between the two feeding plates 13, thereby realizing quantitative control of the feeding amount in the guide tube 12. The regulator includes an adjusting tube 17, an adjusting screw 18 and an adjusting handle 19. The adjusting tube 17 is horizontally installed on the crushing box 1 and communicated with the inner cavity of the crushing box 1. An end plate is installed at the end of the adjusting tube 17. The inner part of one end of the adjusting screw 18 is machined along its central axis in the direction of the head adjustment thread groove. One end of the adjusting screw 18 is screwed into the adjusting thread groove, and the other end of the adjusting screw 18 is rotatably installed on the end plate. The adjusting handle 19 is installed at the end of the adjusting screw 18 outside the end plate. When in use, the adjusting handle 19 is turned, and the adjusting handle 19 drives the adjusting screw 18 to rotate. During the rotation of the adjusting screw 18, the adjusting rod 15 can be driven to move left and right, so that the adjusting rod 15 can slide on the sliding rod 14 through the sliding sleeve 16, and then the inclination angle of the unloading plate 13 can be adjusted, so that the distance between the two unloading plates 13 can be adjusted, so as to control the flow rate of polysilicon waste in the guide pipe 12, ensure that the amount of waste entering the crushing box 1 is stable, which is conducive to improving the crushing efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter of the sieve holes on the inner sieve drum 4 is the same as the diameter of the sieve holes on the sieve plate 9, which can ensure that the polysilicon waste after screening can meet the particle size requirements of smelting at the same time, and there is no need to crush the polysilicon waste after screening by the inner sieve drum 4 again.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to vibrate and disperse the agglomerated polysilicon waste and improve the pre-screening effect, a plurality of crushing saw teeth 20 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the inner screen cylinder 4. The crushing saw teeth 20 can crush the agglomerated polysilicon waste and improve the screening effect.

[0015] In order to be able to re-crush the unqualified polysilicon waste discharged from the coarse material outlet 10 in time, the coarse material outlet 10 is connected to a return box 21, and the return box 21 is connected to the crushing box 1 through a connecting plate. A spiral lifting mechanism is arranged inside the return box 21, and a return pipe 22 connected to the top of the crushing box 1 is arranged on the upper part of the return box 21. The spiral lifting mechanism can directly send the unqualified polysilicon waste into the crushing box 1 for re-crushing. Preferably, the spiral lifting mechanism includes a driving motor 23, a transmission shaft 24 and a spiral blade 25. The driving motor 23 is in the The structure used in the existing technology can be directly purchased as a finished product according to the power used. The transmission shaft 24 is vertically rotatably installed in the return box 21, the drive motor 23 is installed on the top of the return box 21 and is connected to the transmission shaft 24, and the spiral blades 25 are installed on the transmission shaft 24. In use, the drive motor 23 drives the transmission shaft 24 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 24 drives the spiral blades 25 to rotate synchronously during the rotation. The rotating spiral blades 25 can lift unqualified polysilicon waste and return the unqualified polysilicon waste to the crushing box 1 through the return pipe 22.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer walls of the crushing box 1 and the outer shell 3 are both provided with sound-absorbing cotton, which is not shown in the figure. The sound-absorbing cotton can silence the noise generated by the pre-screening and crushing process, thereby reducing the noise generated when the device is working.

Claims

1. A crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste, comprising a crushing box (1) and a crushing roller mechanism (2) arranged in the crushing box (1), characterized in that: A pre-treatment mechanism is arranged above the crushing box (1), and the pre-treatment mechanism comprises an outer shell (3) and an inner screen drum (4) arranged obliquely. The outer shell (3) is installed on the top of the crushing box (1) through a shock-absorbing support, and the inner screen drum (4) is installed inside the outer shell (3). A feeding pipe (5) connected to the inner screen drum (4) is arranged at the higher end of the outer shell (3), and a receiving hopper (6) is arranged at the bottom of the higher end of the outer shell (3). A vibrator (7) connected to the inner screen drum (4) is arranged at the lower end of the outer shell (3), and a discharge pipe (8) connected to the crushing box (1) is arranged at the lower end of the inner screen drum (4). A screening plate (9) is obliquely installed in the crushing box (1) below the crushing roller mechanism (2), and a coarse material outlet (10) is arranged on the crushing box (1) at the lower end of the screening plate (9), and a fine material outlet (11) is arranged on the crushing box (1) below the screening plate (9).

2. The crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material guide pipe (12) is arranged on the top of the crushing box (1), the lower end of the material discharge pipe (8) extends into the upper end of the material guide pipe (12), and an elastic sealing ring is arranged between the material discharge pipe (8) and the material guide pipe (12).

3. The crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inside of the material guide tube (12) is provided with a material discharge adjustment mechanism, and the material discharge adjustment mechanism comprises a material discharge plate (13), a sliding rod (14) and an adjustment rod (15). The material discharge plate (13) is composed of two pieces, and the material discharge plates (13) are arranged obliquely and symmetrically. The higher end of the material discharge plate (13) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the material guide tube (12), and the lower end of the material discharge plate (13) is suspended, and a gap is left between the lower ends of the two material discharge plates (13). The sliding rod (14) is installed in parallel below the material discharge plate (13), and a sliding sleeve (16) is slidably installed on the sliding rod (14). The crushing box (1) is provided with an adjuster, and one end of the adjustment rod (15) is hingedly connected to the sliding sleeve (16), and the other end is connected to the adjuster.

4. The crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The regulator comprises an adjusting tube (17), an adjusting screw (18) and an adjusting handle (19); the adjusting tube (17) is horizontally mounted on the crushing box (1) and communicated with the inner cavity of the crushing box (1); an end plate is mounted on the end of the adjusting tube (17); an adjusting thread groove is machined in the direction of the center axis of one end of the adjusting screw (18); one end of the adjusting screw (18) is screwed into the adjusting thread groove; the other end of the adjusting screw (18) is rotatably mounted on the end plate; and the adjusting handle (19) is mounted on the end of the adjusting screw (18) outside the end plate.

5. The crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the sieve holes on the inner sieve cylinder (4) is the same as the diameter of the sieve holes on the sieve plate (9).

6. The crushing and screening device for polysilicon waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of crushing saw teeth (20) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the inner screen cylinder (4).

7. The polysilicon waste crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse material outlet (10) is connected to a return box (21), and the return box (21) is connected to the crushing box (1) via a connecting plate. A spiral material lifting mechanism is arranged inside the return box (21), and a return pipe (22) connected to the top of the crushing box (1) is arranged on the upper part of the return box (21).

8. The polysilicon waste crushing and screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spiral lifting mechanism comprises a driving motor (23), a transmission shaft (24) and a spiral blade (25); the transmission shaft (24) is vertically rotatably installed in a return box (21); the driving motor (23) is installed on the top of the return box (21) and is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft (24); and the spiral blade (25) is installed on the transmission shaft (24).

9. The polysilicon waste crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the crushing box (1) and the outer shell (3) are both provided with sound-absorbing cotton.

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