Quick disassembly type laser cladding head

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick release type laser cladding head, which comprises an optical fiber (1), a standard optical fiber joint (2), a cladding head cylinder (3), an axial adjusting piece (4) and a nozzle (5), the optical fiber (1), the standard optical fiber joint (2) and the cladding head cylinder (3) are sequentially connected, a plurality of mirror bracket cavities (6) are arranged in the cladding head cylinder (3) along the axial direction, a circular groove (7) is arranged between adjacent mirror bracket cavities (6), and the nozzle (5) is arranged in the circular groove (7). A fixing notch (8) is formed in one side of the mirror bracket cavity (6), and a fixing hole (9) is formed in the groove surface of the fixing notch (8). The lens structure is simple in structure, the lens structure can be quickly disassembled and assembled, and the replacing and assembling efficiency is improved. In addition, a radial adjusting mechanism is omitted, the complexity of the mechanism is reduced, and the machining cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of laser components, in particular to a quick-detachable laser cladding head. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding uses high-density laser heating to spray cladding powder or wire material into the molten pool through a nozzle, and melts with the substrate surface to form a compact metallurgical bonding layer, which is accumulated layer by layer in the area where surface modification or repair is required, thereby achieving the purpose of improving surface performance or repair. Currently, commercial laser cladding heads all use a non-quick-release type or a cladding head structure design with only a protective lens quick-release. Replacing the collimating lens or focusing lens is more troublesome, and usually the barrel of the laser cladding head needs to be disassembled piece by piece. Dust particles are easily introduced during this process, causing lens burns. When replacing lenses with different focal lengths, it will be difficult to install due to the difference in the center thickness of the lens. Faced with this situation, the existing research and development of quick-release laser cladding heads can realize the function of quick-release of lenses, but the mechanism is complex, the lens installation structure is complex, and the barrel installation and connection structure require a large number of screw connections, making the lens disassembly and assembly very inconvenient; secondly, in actual use, due to the influence of processing accuracy and assembly accuracy, the tolerances of different barrels will accumulate, affecting the coupling of light spots and powder spots, so it is necessary to add radial adjustment structures, which further increases the complexity of the mechanism and increases the processing cost. In addition, the adjustment range of the axial distance of commercial laser cladding heads is usually very small and is only suitable for a single lens specification; while the adjustment range of the axial distance of the existing research and development laser cladding heads is larger than that of commercial products, but it is also difficult to meet the needs of lens replacement with different focal lengths. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a quick-detachable laser cladding head. The utility model has a simple structure and can realize the quick disassembly and installation of the lens structure, thereby improving the replacement and assembly efficiency. In addition, the radial adjustment mechanism is reduced, the complexity of the mechanism is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: a quick-detachable laser cladding head, comprising an optical fiber, a standard optical fiber connector, a cladding head barrel, an axial adjustment member and a nozzle connected in sequence, wherein a plurality of mirror holder cavities are axially arranged in the cladding head barrel, a circular groove is arranged between adjacent mirror holder cavities, a fixing notch is arranged on one side of the mirror holder cavity, and a fixing hole is arranged on the groove surface of the fixing notch; a mirror holder is arranged in the mirror holder cavity, a lens assembly corresponding to the circular groove is arranged in the mirror holder, a support block matching with the fixing notch is arranged at one end of the mirror holder, and a screw matching with the fixing hole is arranged on the support block; the axial adjustment member and the nozzle are sequentially connected to the lower end of the cladding head barrel.

[0005] In the above-mentioned quick-release laser cladding head, a positioning boss that matches the standard optical fiber connector is provided at the upper end of the cladding head barrel, and the lower end of the standard optical fiber connector is connected to the cladding head barrel via screws.

[0006] In the aforementioned quick-detachable laser cladding head, the lens assembly includes a flat gasket arranged in the fixing opening of the lens bracket, an optical lens is arranged on the flat gasket, and a pressing piece is arranged on the optical lens.

[0007] In the aforementioned quick-release laser cladding head, the axial adjustment member includes a connector connected to the lower end of the cladding head cylinder, the lower end of the connector is connected to a moving body via a threaded structure, and the upper end of the moving body is provided with a locking member threadedly connected to the connector.

[0008] In the aforementioned quick-detachable laser cladding head, the nozzle includes a laser head and a powder feeding head, a cooling chamber is provided in the powder feeding head, a water flow channel connected to a water pipe is provided on the side of the cooling chamber, the laser head is embedded in the cooling chamber of the powder feeding head, and a powder channel connected to an air pipe is provided in the powder feeding head toward the lower end outlet; the upper end of the laser head is connected to the lower end of the moving body through a thread.

[0009] In the aforementioned quick-detachable laser cladding head, openings are provided on both sides of the fixing opening of the mirror bracket.

[0010] In the aforementioned quick-detachable laser cladding head, the upper end of the connecting piece is provided with a circular ring portion coaxial with the circular groove, and the circular ring portion is embedded in the lower end of the cladding head cylinder.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0012] 1. In the present invention, when removing the lens, unscrew the screw of the support block on one side of the lens bracket, the lens bracket can be taken out from the lens bracket cavity, and then the lens assembly is removed from the lens bracket. Similarly, when installing the lens, after the lens assembly is installed in the lens bracket, the lens bracket is installed into the lens bracket cavity, the support block fits with the fixed notch, and the screw is screwed on; the structure of the cladding head barrel is simple, which realizes the rapid disassembly and assembly of the lens structure and improves the efficiency of component replacement and combination. In addition, the radial adjustment mechanism is reduced, the complexity of the mechanism is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced.

[0013] 2. A plurality of lens frame cavities are axially arranged in the cladding head cylinder, and circular grooves are arranged between adjacent lens frame cavities. The cladding head cylinder is an integrated structure with a simple structure. Compared with the larger errors caused by the split cylinder in assembly and processing, the coaxiality between the circular grooves of the utility model can be better guaranteed. Therefore, there is no aberration problem caused by the misalignment of the lens center due to excessive coaxiality between the multiple light holes, and the radial adjustment mechanism can be omitted, further streamlining the structure.

[0014] 3. In the lens assembly, the flat gasket is placed in the fixing port of the lens bracket, and then the optical lens is placed, and finally the clamping piece is screwed on. By adopting the lens clamping method, it can better adapt to lenses of different focal lengths and thicknesses. At the same time, with a longer axial adjustment mechanism, it can well meet the replacement needs of lenses with different specifications and parameters, which is more conducive to research and development purposes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cladding head barrel;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a mirror bracket;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an axial adjustment member;

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cooling chamber;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the powder channel.

[0021] Explanation of the marks in the accompanying drawings: 1-optical fiber, 2-standard optical fiber connector, 3-cladding head cylinder, 4-axial adjustment part, 5-nozzle, 6-mirror frame cavity, 7-circular groove, 8-fixing notch, 9-fixing hole, 10-mirror bracket, 11-lens assembly, 12-support block, 13-screw, 14-positioning boss, 111-flat gasket, 112-optical lens, 113-pressing part, 41-connecting part, 42-moving body, 43-locking part, 44-circular ring part, 51-laser head, 52-powder feeding head, 53-cooling chamber, 54-water channel, 55-powder channel, 101-opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment: A quick-release laser cladding head comprises an optical fiber 1, a standard optical fiber connector 2, a cladding head barrel 3, an axial adjustment member 4 and a nozzle 5 connected in sequence, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the upper end of the cladding head barrel 3 has a positioning boss 14 that fits the standard optical fiber connector 2. The lower end of the standard optical fiber connector 2 is connected to the cladding head barrel 3 by screws, which can better limit the coaxiality of the optical fiber and the light hole in the standard optical fiber connector. The cladding head barrel 3 has multiple mirror holder cavities 6 along the axial direction, and there are circular grooves 7 between adjacent mirror holder cavities 6. Figure 2As shown, one side of the lens holder cavity 6 has a fixed notch 8, and the groove surface of the fixed notch 8 has a fixed hole 9. The cladding head cylinder is an integrated structure with a simple structure. Compared with the larger errors caused by the split cylinder in assembly and processing, the coaxiality between the circular grooves of the utility model can be better guaranteed. Therefore, there is no aberration problem caused by the misalignment of the lens center due to excessive coaxiality between the multiple light holes, and the radial adjustment mechanism can be omitted to further simplify the structure. The cladding head cylinder is integrally formed, and the multiple light holes inside it are formed at one time, which can well ensure the coaxiality between different light holes. A mirror bracket 10 is engaged in the lens holder cavity 6, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, a lens assembly 11 corresponding to the circular groove 7 is provided in the mirror bracket 10, a support block 12 matching the fixing slot 8 is provided at one end of the mirror bracket 10, and a screw 13 matching the fixing hole 9 is screwed on the support block 12; the axial adjustment member 4 and the nozzle 5 are connected to the lower end of the cladding head barrel 3 in sequence.

[0024] The lens assembly 11 includes a flat gasket 111 arranged in the fixing port of the mirror bracket 10, an optical lens 112 is placed on the flat gasket 111, a pressing piece 113 is installed on the optical lens 112, the outer side of the pressing piece is a threaded structure, and the pressing piece is screwed into the fixing port of the mirror bracket through the thread. There are recessed structures on both sides of the mirror bracket to facilitate the placement during disassembly, and openings 101 are provided on both sides of the fixing port of the mirror bracket 10 for manually rotating the pressing piece to press the lens. Compared with the pressing structure of mainstream products on the current market, this lens installation structure can be well adapted to lenses of different focal lengths and different thicknesses, and the pressing force can be manually controlled to prevent the lens from being damaged due to excessive pressing force, and can better adapt to the needs of replacing different lenses in research and development purposes. The optical lens includes an upper protective lens, a collimating lens, a focusing lens and a lower protective lens.

[0025] The axial adjustment member 4 includes a connecting member 41 connected to the lower end of the cladding head cylinder 3, as shown in the attached Figure 4As shown, the lower end of the connecting member 41 is connected to the moving body 42 via a threaded structure, and the upper end of the moving body 42 is provided with a locking member 43 threadedly connected to the connecting member 41. The moving body can be axially adjusted to adjust the axial relative distance between the laser focus spot and the powder spot focus, and control the coupling of the light spot and the powder spot. In this embodiment, a longer axial adjustment member structure is adopted, and generally the maximum axial adjustment distance is greater than 50 mm, which can well adapt to the coupling requirements of lenses with different focal lengths, and is conducive to the needs of replacing lenses of different specifications in research and development purposes. By adjusting the distance through the thread, the continuous and precise change of the axial distance can be achieved, and the accuracy of the continuous adjustment can be changed by designing different pitches. The bottom of the locking member is provided with a groove structure, and the upper end of the connecting member 41 is provided with a circular ring portion 44 coaxial with the circular groove 7. The circular ring portion 44 is embedded in the lower end of the cladding head cylinder 3. The height of the circular ring portion is slightly greater than the depth of the groove at the lower end of the cladding head cylinder 3. The structural coordination of the boss and the groove can ensure that the radial forces of the locking member 43 and the connecting member 41 offset each other when tightened in opposite directions, leaving only the axial force for tightening, thereby reducing the wear on the screw thread during the tightening process. In addition, the wall thickness of the above-mentioned boss and groove structure is smaller than the wall thickness of the locking member 43 and the connecting member 41, so that the above-mentioned boss and groove are more likely to deform, thereby generating a radial tightening force, better locking the axial adjustment member 6, and ensuring that the axial relative distance between the laser focus spot and the powder spot focus remains unchanged.

[0026] The nozzle 5 comprises a laser head 51 and a powder feeding head 52. A cooling chamber 53 is provided in the powder feeding head 52. Figure 5 As shown, the side of the cooling chamber 53 has a water flow channel 54 connected to the water pipe. The laser head 51 is embedded in the cooling chamber 53 of the powder feeding head 52. There are two water flow channels, one is an inlet channel and the other is an outlet channel. Cooling water flows into the water flow channel and enters the cooling chamber. During the laser cladding process, the radiation generated by the high-energy laser beam will be absorbed by the inner wall of the laser head, causing the temperature of the inner wall to rise. If cooling is not performed in time, the nozzle will be deformed by heat. The powder feeding head 52 has a powder channel 55 connected to the air pipe toward the lower end outlet, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 As shown; the upper end of the laser head 51 is connected to the lower end of the moving body 42 via a thread. The cooling chamber can be used to isolate the absorbed heat of the laser beam to prevent the powder channel 55 from being deformed by heat and causing the pipeline to be blocked, thereby causing the inability to transport the powder normally. A protective gas channel is provided on the side of the laser head. By introducing an inert gas into the protective gas channel, an outward airflow is formed in the laser channel of the laser head to prevent the powder particles that rebound and diverge during the cladding process from entering the laser channel to cause the laser beam to scatter and reflect, thereby causing the cladding quality to be reduced and the cladding head to be overheated and deformed. The protective gas channel is as close to the outlet of the laser channel as possible, which can increase the pressure of the protective gas at the outlet and improve the effect of isolating dust particles.

[0027] Working principle of the utility model: In the utility model, when removing the lens, unscrew the screw of the support block on one side of the lens bracket, the lens bracket can be taken out from the lens bracket cavity, and then the lens assembly is removed from the lens bracket. Similarly, when installing the lens, after the lens assembly is installed in the lens bracket, the lens bracket is installed in the lens bracket cavity, the support block fits with the fixed notch, and the screw is screwed on; the structure of the cladding head barrel is simple, which realizes the rapid disassembly and assembly of the lens structure and improves the efficiency of component replacement and combination. In addition, the radial adjustment mechanism is reduced, the complexity of the mechanism is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced.

[0028] The above embodiments only express the implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. In this embodiment, up, down, left, right, front, and back only represent their relative positions and do not represent their absolute positions. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A quick-release laser cladding head, comprising an optical fiber (1), a standard optical fiber connector (2), a cladding head barrel (3), an axial adjustment member (4) and a nozzle (5) connected in sequence, characterized in that: A plurality of lens holder cavities (6) are axially arranged in the cladding head barrel (3), a circular groove (7) is arranged between adjacent lens holder cavities (6), a fixing notch (8) is arranged on one side of the lens holder cavity (6), and a fixing hole (9) is arranged on the groove surface of the fixing notch (8); a lens holder (10) is arranged in the lens holder cavity (6), a lens assembly (11) corresponding to the circular groove (7) is arranged in the lens holder (10), a support block (12) matched with the fixing notch (8) is arranged at one end of the lens holder (10), and a screw (13) matched with the fixing hole (9) is arranged on the support block (12).

2. The quick-detachable laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the cladding head barrel (3) is provided with a positioning boss (14) that matches the standard optical fiber connector (2), and the lower end of the standard optical fiber connector (2) is connected to the cladding head barrel (3) via screws.

3. The quick-detachable laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens assembly (11) comprises a flat gasket (111) arranged in a fixing opening of a mirror bracket (10), an optical lens (112) being arranged on the flat gasket (111), and a pressing piece (113) being arranged on the optical lens (112).

4. The quick-detachable laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial adjustment member (4) comprises a connecting member (41) connected to the lower end of the cladding head barrel (3); the lower end of the connecting member (41) is connected to a moving body (42) via a threaded structure; the upper end of the moving body (42) is provided with a locking member (43) threadedly connected to the connecting member (41).

5. The quick-detachable laser cladding head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nozzle (5) comprises a laser head (51) and a powder feeding head (52); a cooling chamber (53) is provided in the powder feeding head (52); a water flow channel (54) connected to a water pipe is provided on the side of the cooling chamber (53); the laser head (51) is embedded in the cooling chamber (53) of the powder feeding head (52); a powder channel (55) connected to an air pipe is provided in the powder feeding head (52) toward the lower end outlet; the upper end of the laser head (51) is connected to the lower end of the moving body (42) via a thread.

6. The quick-detachable laser cladding head according to claim 3, characterized in that: Openings (101) are provided on both sides of the fixing opening of the mirror bracket (10).

7. The quick-detachable laser cladding head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting piece (41) is provided with a circular ring portion (44) coaxial with the circular groove (7), and the circular ring portion (44) is embedded in the lower end of the cladding head cylinder (3).

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