Limiting buffer mechanism and brake pad

Abstract

The utility model discloses a limiting and buffering mechanism and a brake pad. The brake pad comprises a steel backing, a plurality of friction structures and a plurality of limiting and buffering mechanisms. Wherein an axial floating gap is formed between the friction structure and the steel backing, the friction structure is provided with a mounting boss in the axial direction of the friction structure, the steel backing is provided with a mounting hole, the mounting boss extends into the mounting hole, and a direction adjusting gap is formed between the mounting boss and the mounting hole in the circumferential direction of the friction structure; the limiting buffer mechanism comprises a first elastic structure and an elastic limiting structure, the first elastic structure is arranged outside the mounting boss in a sleeving mode, the elastic limiting structure is fixed to the mounting boss, the first elastic structure is connected between the steel backing and the friction structure in an abutting mode, and the elastic limiting structure is connected to the side, back to the friction structure, of the steel backing in an abutting mode. The whole friction face of the friction structure can be tightly attached to the brake disc to achieve braking, braking safety is guaranteed, the phenomena of uneven stress and eccentric wear of the friction structure can be avoided, and the service life of the brake pad is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-speed train braking, in particular to a limit buffer mechanism and a brake pad. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the utility model recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0003] With the development of high-speed rail technology, the speed of trains has been significantly improved, and the requirements for train braking performance have become increasingly higher. As a key component in the train braking system, brake pads currently used on high-speed trains are mostly connected by rivet connection, that is, the rivets are deformed by riveting to rivet the friction blocks to the steel back. This brake pad structure is widely used due to its easy operation, but due to the uneven force on the friction blocks at different positions of the brake pad during service, the brake pad structure often has a more obvious eccentric wear phenomenon during actual use, which is manifested as uneven wear of the surface of the friction block in the vertical direction. Usually, the friction block at the bottom of the brake pad wears faster, and the friction block at the top of the brake pad wears slower. Then, since the service life of the brake pad is determined by the friction block with the fastest wear, the occurrence of eccentric wear causes a large amount of waste of friction materials, shortens the service life and replacement cycle of the brake pad, and indirectly increases the operating cost of the train. In addition, when the brake disc is deformed due to increased temperature during braking, the friction block cannot automatically adjust the height, the brake pad cannot fully fit with the brake disc, and the braking deceleration is reduced, thus causing driving hazards.

[0004] A brake pad is disclosed in the prior art, which includes a mounting plate, a rivet, a friction block and an elastic element. The friction block is connected to one side of the mounting plate by a rivet, a dovetail plate is provided on the other side of the mounting plate, and the elastic element is provided in an annular groove of the mounting plate. During the braking process, the direction adjustment and up and down floating of the friction block are achieved through the deformation of the elastic element, which can effectively reduce the uneven force and eccentric wear of the friction block.

[0005] The prior art also discloses a brake pad, which includes a support plate and a plurality of friction blocks. Each friction block is connected to the support plate by rivets, and there is a floating gap between the support plate and the friction block. The support plate is provided with a plurality of support plate connecting holes and a plurality of annular grooves. An elastic element is provided in the annular groove. The elastic element is floated and adjusted according to the force conditions of the friction block, thereby adjusting the contact between the friction block and the brake disc and alleviating the eccentric wear of the friction block. Utility Model Content

[0006] The inventor of the utility model found that the prior art has the following disadvantages:

[0007] First, the rivets in the above brake pads are flat-head rivets. If the riveting pressure is too high, the friction block will be riveted, so that the head of the rivet and the back plate are easily stuck during the braking process; and the rivets are prone to stress concentration, which shortens the life of the rivets and causes the friction block to fall off. In addition, the elastic element is located in the annular groove outside the riveting hole, so that the friction block can only float up and down along the rivet, which limits the adjustment of the direction and angle of the friction block. Therefore, the brake pad still has uneven force and eccentric wear.

[0008] Second, the rivets in the above brake pads are riveted with tail flanging, which is convenient for riveting quality inspection, but it is easy to cause the riveting between it and the steel back (i.e., the support plate) to loosen during the floating process, thereby affecting the connection quality between the friction block and the steel back, causing the friction block to vibrate and shake violently, thereby affecting the life of the friction block. At the same time, the elastic element is located in the annular groove of the support plate, so that the friction block can only float up and down along the rivet, which limits the adjustment of the direction and angle of the friction block, and the uneven force and eccentric wear of the brake pad still exist.

[0009] The utility model aims to provide a limit buffer mechanism and a brake pad to solve the technical problem that the friction block of the brake pad is unevenly stressed and easily wears unevenly during the braking process.

[0010] The above-mentioned purpose of the utility model can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0011] The utility model provides a limit buffer mechanism, which is used to install a first structural member on a second structural member; wherein, a mounting hole is provided on the second structural member, and a mounting boss is provided on the first structural member, the mounting boss extends into the mounting hole, and a direction adjustment gap is provided between the mounting boss and the mounting hole in the circumferential direction of the first structural member, and an axial floating gap is provided between the first structural member and the second structural member in the axial direction of the first structural member; the limit buffer mechanism comprises: a first elastic structure, which is sleeved outside the mounting boss, and the first elastic structure abuts between the first structural member and the second structural member in the axial direction of the first structural member; an elastic limit structure, which is fixed on the mounting boss and abuts against the side of the second structural member that is away from the first structural member.

[0012] In an implementation manner of the utility model, the elastic limiting structure includes a second elastic structure and a limiting member, the limiting member is fixed on the mounting boss, and the second elastic structure abuts between the limiting member and the second structural member.

[0013] In an implementation manner of the utility model, the limiting member is fixed to the mounting boss by at least one rivet.

[0014] In an embodiment of the utility model, the mounting boss is provided with at least one first rivet hole, and the first structural member is provided with at least one rivet groove, the rivet groove is communicated with the first rivet hole, the limiting member is provided with at least one second rivet hole corresponding to at least one first rivet hole, and the two ends of the rivet member are respectively provided with a first rivet head and a second rivet head, the rivet member is inserted into the first rivet hole and the second rivet hole, the first rivet head of the rivet member is riveted and fixed in the rivet groove, and the second rivet head of the rivet member is riveted and fixed on the limiting member.

[0015] In an embodiment of the utility model, the limit buffer mechanism has an initial state and a buffer state formed when the first structural member is under pressure; in the initial state, the first elastic structure is in a first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure is in a second preset compression state; in the buffer state, the first elastic structure is in a compression state with a compression degree greater than the first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure is in a compression state with a compression degree less than the second preset compression state.

[0016] In an embodiment of the utility model, the axial length L0 of the first elastic structure in the first preset compression state and the axial length L1 of the first elastic structure in the maximum compression state formed under the pressure state have a relationship: (L1-L0)≥0.5mm; the axial floating gap J1 and the axial length L0 and the axial length L1 have a relationship: J1>(L1-L0).

[0017] In an implementation manner of the utility model, a limiting groove is provided on one side of the limiting member facing the second elastic structure, and the second elastic structure is located in the limiting groove.

[0018] In an implementation manner of the utility model, the first elastic structure includes a butterfly spring; the second elastic structure includes a wave spring.

[0019] The utility model also provides a brake pad, comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned limit buffer mechanisms, the brake pad also comprising a steel back and a plurality of friction structures, the friction structures being mounted on the steel back through the limit buffer mechanisms.

[0020] In an implementation manner of the utility model, the friction structure comprises a friction body and a back plate, one side of the back plate is connected to the friction body, and the other side of the back plate is provided with the mounting boss.

[0021] In an embodiment of the utility model, the friction body is fixed to the outer end surface of the back plate by sintering and pressing, and a plurality of reinforcement structures are provided between the friction body and the outer end surface of the back plate, and the plurality of reinforcement structures are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the friction structure; the reinforcement structure includes matching reinforcement bosses and reinforcement holes, one of which is provided on the outer end surface of the back plate, and the other is provided on the friction body.

[0022] In an embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on one side of the steel back facing the friction structure, each mounting groove is communicated with the corresponding mounting hole, and the first elastic structure of each limiting buffer mechanism is located in the corresponding mounting groove.

[0023] In an embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of receiving grooves are provided on the side of the steel back facing away from the friction structure, each of the receiving grooves is connected to the corresponding mounting hole, and the elastic limiting structure of each limiting buffer mechanism is located in the corresponding containing groove.

[0024] In an embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of dovetail blocks are provided on the side of the steel back facing away from the friction structure, and the plurality of dovetail blocks cooperate to form a dovetail groove for cooperating with the braking device; a plurality of stop blocks are provided on the side of the steel back facing the friction structure, and the plurality of stop blocks are spaced between the plurality of friction structures, and the stop blocks can abut against at least one of the friction structures to limit the displacement of the friction structure in the planar direction of the steel back.

[0025] The characteristics and advantages of this utility model are:

[0026] The limit buffer mechanism and brake pad of the utility model are provided with a mounting boss on the friction structure and extended into a mounting hole provided on the steel back, thereby the first elastic structure is sleeved on the mounting boss and abutted against the steel back and the friction structure, and the elastic limit structure is fixed on the mounting boss and abutted against the side of the steel back facing away from the friction structure, and the circumferential gap between the mounting boss and the mounting boss is used to form a direction adjustment gap, and the axial gap between the friction structure and the steel back is used to form an axial floating gap, so that the first elastic structure can cooperate with the elastic limit structure to form a limit buffer mechanism. On the one hand, the friction structure can adaptively move axially and rotate in any direction under different forces during braking, and the elastic restoring force of the limit buffer mechanism is used to make the entire friction surface of the friction structure opposite to the steel back fit tightly with the brake disc to achieve braking, thereby avoiding the problem of low braking efficiency and excessive braking distance caused by too small a contact area between the friction surface and the brake disc, ensuring braking safety and avoiding the phenomenon of uneven force and eccentric wear of the friction structure, and extending the braking time. The service life of the brake pad is prolonged, and the first elastic structure will not be unable to elastically contract and recover between the steel back and the friction structure due to the limitation of rivets or other fixed connecting parts, so the reliability is better; on the other hand, the vibration impact generated by the friction between the brake pad and the brake disc can be quickly attenuated through the limiting buffer structure, reducing the probability of plastic deformation of the friction structure due to vibration, and further improving the service life of the brake pad; on the other hand, the friction force is generated by the elastic limiting structure abutting against the steel back, which is beneficial to limit the rotation and displacement of the friction structure brake pad when the shear force is generated due to braking, thereby reducing the driving risk; in addition, due to the axial floating gap between the friction structure and the steel back and the existence of the first elastic structure, the heat dissipation capacity of the brake pad can be improved, and the heat transfer to the other side of the steel back is reduced, reducing the influence of temperature on the mechanical properties of the elastic limiting structure, and ensuring the stability of the connection between the elastic limiting structure and the mounting boss; and because the friction structure can float with the vibration of the brake disc, it is beneficial to the smooth discharge of high-temperature wear debris between the brake disc and the brake pad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the friction surface of the brake disc in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting surface of the brake disc in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the position limiting buffer mechanism in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a disassembled diagram of the brake disc in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first elastic structure in the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second elastic structure in the utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the position limiting member in the utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the friction body in the utility model;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back plate in the utility model;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of one side of the steel back in the utility model;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of another side of the steel back in the utility model.

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1. Friction structure; 11. Back plate; 111. Mounting boss; 112. First riveting hole; 113. Riveting groove; 12. Friction body; 131. Reinforcement hole; 132. Reinforcement boss; 14. Friction surface; J1. Axial floating clearance; J2. Direction adjustment clearance;

[0041] 2. Limiting buffer mechanism; 21. First elastic structure; 22. Elastic limiting structure; 221. Limiting member; 222. Second elastic structure; 223. Second riveting hole; 224. Limiting groove; 225. Groove; 23. Riveting member;

[0042] 3. Steel back; 31. Mounting hole; 32. Receiving groove; 33. Mounting groove; 34. Dovetail block; 35. Stop block; 36. Mounting surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0044] Implementation Method 1

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the utility model also provides a brake pad, including a steel back 3, a plurality of friction structures 1 and a plurality of limit buffer mechanisms 2, wherein the friction structure 1 is installed on the steel back 3 through the limit buffer mechanism 2; wherein, an axial floating gap J1 is provided between the friction structure 1 and the steel back 3 in the axial direction of the friction structure 1, the friction structure 1 is provided with a mounting boss 111 along its axial direction, a mounting hole 31 is provided on the steel back 3, the mounting boss 111 extends into the mounting hole 31, and a directional adjustment gap J2 is provided between the mounting boss 111 and the mounting hole 31 in the circumferential direction of the friction structure 1; the limit buffer mechanism 2 includes a first elastic structure 21 and an elastic limit structure 22, the first elastic structure 21 is sleeved outside the mounting boss 111, the elastic limit structure 22 is fixed on the mounting boss 111, and the first elastic structure 21 abuts between the steel back 3 and the friction structure 1, and the elastic limit structure 22 abuts against the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, the brake pad of the utility model is provided with a mounting boss 111 on the friction structure 1 and extends into the mounting hole 31 provided on the steel back 3, thereby the first elastic structure 21 is sleeved on the mounting boss 111 and abuts against the steel back 3 and the friction structure 1, and the elastic limiting structure 22 is fixed on the mounting boss 111 and abuts against the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1, and the circumferential gap between the mounting boss 111 and the mounting hole 31 is used to form a direction adjustment gap J2, and the axial gap between the friction structure 1 and the steel back 3 is used to form an axial floating gap J1, so that the first elastic structure 21 can cooperate with the elastic limiting structure 22 to form a limiting buffer mechanism 2.

[0047] By setting the limit buffer mechanism 2, on the one hand, the friction structure 1 can adapt to the vibration of the brake disc and move axially and rotate in any direction under different forces during the braking process, and the elastic restoring force of the limit buffer mechanism 2 is used to make the entire friction surface 14 of the friction structure 1 opposite to the steel back 3 fit tightly with the brake disc to achieve braking, thereby avoiding the problem of low braking efficiency and long braking distance caused by too small a contact area between the friction surface 14 and the brake disc, ensuring braking safety and avoiding uneven force and eccentric wear of the friction structure 1, extending the service life of the brake pad, and not Due to the limitation of rivets or other fixed connecting parts, the first elastic structure 21 cannot elastically shrink and recover between the steel back 3 and the friction structure 1, so the reliability is better; on the other hand, the vibration impact generated by the friction between the brake pad and the brake disc can be quickly attenuated through the limiting buffer structure, thereby reducing the probability of plastic deformation of the friction structure 1 due to vibration, and further improving the service life of the brake pad; on the other hand, the elastic limiting structure 22 is used to abut against the steel back 3 to generate friction force, which is beneficial to limit the rotation and displacement of the friction structure 1 when it is subjected to shear force due to braking, thereby reducing driving risks.

[0048] In addition, due to the existence of the axial floating gap J1 between the friction structure 1 and the steel back 3 and the first elastic structure 21, the heat dissipation capacity of the brake pad can be improved, and the heat transferred to the other side of the steel back 3 can be reduced, thereby reducing the influence of temperature on the mechanical properties of the elastic limiting structure 22, and ensuring the stability of the connection between the elastic limiting structure 22 and the mounting boss 111; and because the friction structure 1 can float with the vibration of the brake disc, it is beneficial to the smooth discharge of high-temperature wear debris between the brake disc and the brake pad.

[0049] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the brake pad is mounted on one side of the brake device, that is, the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1, which can be defined as the mounting surface 36 of the brake pad; the side of the brake pad in friction contact with the brake disc, that is, the side of each friction structure 1 facing away from the steel back 3, can be defined as the friction surface 14 of the brake pad. Figure 3 As shown, the first elastic structure 21 and the mounting boss 111 are clearance-matched, thereby ensuring that the mounting boss 111 can move axially with the friction structure 1 and / or rotate in any direction and compress the first elastic structure 21. The first elastic structure 21 is coaxially arranged with the friction structure 1 through the mounting boss 111, so that when the friction structure 1 deflects the same angle in any direction, the degree of elastic deformation of the first elastic structure 21 in the corresponding direction is the same. A plurality of mounting grooves 33 are provided on the side of the steel back 3 facing the friction structure 1, and the mounting grooves 33 are connected to the mounting holes 31 (combined with the mounting holes 31). Figure 4The first elastic structures 21 are connected to each other as shown in the figure, and each first elastic structure 21 is located in a corresponding installation groove 33. By setting the installation groove 33 to install the first elastic structure 21, the assembly between the installation boss 111 of the friction structure 1, the first elastic structure 21 and the steel back 3 is more stable, which can improve the ability of the entire brake pad to resist horizontal shear force during braking. In addition, the axial floating range of the friction structure 1 is related to the size of the axial floating gap J1, and the directional adjustment range of the friction structure 1 is related to the size of the directional adjustment gap J2. Therefore, the size of the axial floating gap J1 and the directional adjustment gap J2 may not be specifically limited and can be designed according to requirements.

[0050] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the utility model, the elastic limiting structure 22 includes a second elastic structure 222 and a limiting member 221, the limiting member 221 is fixed on the mounting boss 111, and the second elastic structure 222 abuts between the limiting member 221 and the steel back 3. Specifically, the limiting member 221 is generally a metal baffle structure. The second elastic structure 222 is sandwiched between the limiting member 221 and the steel back 3. The second elastic structure 222 is generally coaxially arranged with the friction structure 1, so that when the limiting member 221 deflects the same angle in any direction with the friction structure 1, the degree of elastic deformation of the second elastic structure 222 in the corresponding direction is the same. A limiting groove 224 is provided between the limiting member 221 and the steel back 3, and the second elastic structure 222 is located in the limiting groove 224. By providing the limiting groove 224, the second elastic structure 222 can be limited in the plane direction of the steel back 3 to avoid excessive displacement of the second elastic structure 222 relative to the friction structure 1.

[0051] In addition, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in order to prevent the elastic limiting structure 22 from interfering with the connection between the steel back 3 and the braking device, in an embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of receiving grooves 32 are provided on the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1, and the receiving grooves 32 are connected to the mounting holes 31, and each elastic limiting structure 22 is located in the corresponding receiving groove 32.

[0052] like Figure 3As shown, in the embodiment of the utility model, the brake pad has an assembled state and a compressed state formed during the braking process; in the assembled state, the first elastic structure 21 is in a first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure 222 is in a second preset compression state; in the compressed state, the first elastic structure 21 is in a compression state with a compression degree greater than the first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure 222 is in a compression state with a compression degree less than the second preset compression state. Among them, the compression degree of the second preset compression state is much greater than the compression degree in the first preset state, that is, the elastic coefficient of the first elastic structure 21 is much greater than the elastic coefficient of the second elastic structure 222; in the assembled state, the elastic restoring force of the second elastic structure 222 is mainly used to cooperate with the limiting member 221 to axially limit the friction structure 1, so as to ensure the installation stability of the friction structure 1; in the braking process, the first elastic structure 21 is compressed and the second elastic structure 222 is restored, so that the friction structure 1 can adaptively float axially and / or deflect in any direction thereof, and mainly use the elastic restoring force generated by the compression of the first elastic structure 21 to fit the brake disc tightly.

[0053] Specifically, the axial length L0 of the first elastic structure 21 in the first preset compression state and the axial length L1 of the first elastic structure 21 in the maximum compression state formed when it is under pressure have the relationship: (L1-L0)≥0.5mm, so that the axial floating range of the friction structure 1 is greater than or equal to 0.5mm; an axial floating gap J1 of the friction structure 1 is formed between the friction structure 1 and the steel back 3 in the axial direction of the friction structure 1, and the axial floating gap J1 and the axial length L0 and the axial length L1 have the relationship: J1>(L1-L0); thereby preventing the friction structure 1 from colliding with the steel back 3.

[0054] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first elastic structure 21 is preferably a disc spring, and the second elastic structure 222 is preferably a wave spring, which has high load-bearing capacity and compressive resistance, can withstand large braking force and deflection, has good reliability and long service life, and is easy to assemble. Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the wave spring is 60N / mm~100N / mm; the elastic coefficient of the disc spring is 2200N / mm~2700N / mm. The material of the disc spring is stainless steel. Of course, other elastic elements in the prior art can also be selected as the first elastic structure 21 and the second elastic structure 222 according to needs.

[0055] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, the mounting boss 111 is integrally formed on the friction structure 1, which is convenient to assemble and has good structural stability. The assembly process of the brake pad is as follows: first, the first elastic structure 21 is sleeved on the mounting boss 111 of the friction structure 1; then, the inner end of the mounting boss 111 facing away from the friction structure 1 is extended from the side of the steel back 3 facing the friction structure 1 into the mounting hole 31 of the steel back 3; then, the limiting member 221 is fixed to the inner end of the mounting boss 111, and the elastic limiting structure 22 is abutted against the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1, and the first elastic structure 21 is respectively abutted against the friction structure 1 and the side of the steel back 3 facing the friction structure 1.

[0056] Specific, combined Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the stopper 221 includes but is not limited to being fixed to the mounting boss 111 by riveting through at least one rivet 23. The mounting boss 111 is provided with at least one first rivet hole 112, and the friction structure 1 is provided with at least one rivet groove 113, the rivet groove 113 is connected with the first rivet hole 112, the stopper 221 is provided with at least one second rivet hole 223 corresponding to the at least one first rivet hole 112, and the two ends of the rivet 23 are respectively provided with a first rivet joint and a second rivet joint, the rivet 23 is penetrated in the first rivet hole 112 and the second rivet hole 223, the first rivet joint of the rivet 23 is riveted and fixed in the rivet groove 113, and the second rivet joint of the rivet 23 is riveted and fixed on the stopper 221.

[0057] Among them, combined Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the number of rivet members 23 can be two symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the friction structure 1 as in the present embodiment, or more rivet members 23 can be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the friction structure 1. The rivet member 23 is a pull-riveted structure. During assembly, the first rivet head passes through the rivet hole and the first rivet hole 112 in sequence and extends into the rivet groove 113, and then the second rivet head of the rivet member 23 is connected by a pull riveting gun or other pull riveting device to perform a pull riveting operation, so that the first rivet head of the rivet member 23 is squeezed and deformed and riveted and fixed in the rivet groove 113, and the second rivet head is squeezed and deformed and riveted and fixed on the stopper 221, thereby realizing the riveting fixation between the stopper 221 and the mounting boss 111. In addition, the first rivet hole 112 and the edges of the holes where the rivet hole and the rivet member 23 are in contact are provided with chamfered structures to avoid stress concentration.

[0058] In addition, if Figure 3As shown, in order to avoid that the wall thickness between the limiting groove 224 and the receiving groove 32 is too small due to the provision of the receiving groove 32 and the installation groove 33 on both sides of the steel back 3, thereby affecting the structural strength of the steel back 3, the limiting groove 224 used to limit the second elastic structure 222 is provided on the limiting member 221, and a groove 225 is provided on the side of the limiting member 221 facing away from the friction structure 1 to accommodate the second rivet head of the rivet member 23, thereby reducing the depth of the receiving groove 32 and increasing the wall thickness between the limiting groove 224 and the receiving groove 32.

[0059] In some other embodiments of the utility model, the inner end of the mounting boss 111 can also be first fixed to the limit member 221 by integral molding or other fixing methods; then the outer end of the mounting boss 111 facing the friction structure 1 is extended into the mounting hole 31 from the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1; then the first elastic structure 21 is sleeved on the mounting boss 111 from the outer end of the mounting boss 111; finally, the friction structure 1 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the mounting boss 111 by a connecting member or other fixing methods, and the elastic limit structure 22 is abutted against the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1, and the first elastic structure 21 is respectively abutted against the friction structure 1 and the side of the steel back 3 facing the friction structure 1.

[0060] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the friction structure 1 includes a friction body 12 and a back plate 11, the back plate 11 has an outer end face and an inner end face arranged oppositely, the outer end face of the back plate 11 is connected to the friction body 12, and the inner end face of the back plate 11 is provided with a mounting boss 111. Specifically, the friction body 12 is fixed to the outer end face of the back plate 11 by sintering and pressing. A plurality of reinforcement structures are arranged between the outer end faces of the friction body 12 and the back plate 11, and the plurality of reinforcement structures are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the friction structure 1; the reinforcement structure includes a matching reinforcement boss 132 and a reinforcement hole 131, one of which is arranged on the outer end face of the back plate 11, and the other is arranged on the friction body 12. Among them, the reinforcement boss 132 includes but is not limited to a cylindrical boss, and the reinforcement hole 131 includes but is not limited to a cylindrical through hole in this embodiment, and can also be a cylindrical blind hole (i.e., a cylindrical groove 225), and of course, bosses and holes of other shapes can also be matched. By arranging a plurality of reinforcement structures between the friction body 12 and the back plate 11, the bonding force between the friction body 12 and the back plate 11 can be strengthened, and the ability of the friction body 12 to resist horizontal shear can be improved. The material of the friction body 12 is a powder metallurgy material. The back plate 11 is generally a plate-shaped structure, and is made of a copper-plated steel plate. In order to fully increase the working area of ​​the friction body 12, the contour shape of the friction body 12 is a regular hexagon, and correspondingly, the contour shape of the back plate 11 is also a regular hexagon.

[0061] In some embodiments, the friction body 12 is first sintered and pressed to be fixed on the side of the back plate 11 facing away from the mounting boss 111, and then the elastic limiting structure 22 is riveted and fixed to the mounting boss 111 of the back plate 11 by the rivet 23. In other embodiments, the rivet 23 is first assembled on the mounting boss 111 of the back plate 11, and then the friction body 12 is sintered and pressed to be fixed on the side of the back plate 11 facing away from the mounting boss 111, and finally the elastic limiting structure 22 is fixed to the mounting boss 111 by the rivet 23.

[0062] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the inventors of the utility model have found that the uniformity of the arrangement of the friction bodies 12 of the multiple friction structures 1 is closely related to the braking stability of the brake pad. As a component that directly bears the braking force, the brake pad bears huge heat during high-speed braking. The utility model arranges the multiple friction bodies 12 on the steel back 3 at roughly equal intervals, which can ensure that the heat borne by each friction body 12 is more uniform to a greater extent. At the same time, the uniform spacing of the multiple friction bodies 12 also ensures the consistency of the heat dissipation rate of each friction body 12, which is more conducive to maintaining a stable friction coefficient of the brake pad as a whole.

[0063] like Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, in the embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of dovetail blocks 34 are provided on the side of the steel back 3 facing away from the friction structure 1, and the plurality of dovetail blocks 34 cooperate to form a dovetail groove for cooperating with the braking device; a plurality of stop blocks 35 are provided on the side of the steel back 3 facing the friction structure 1, and the plurality of stop blocks 35 are arranged at intervals between the plurality of friction structures 1, and the stop blocks 35 can abut against at least one friction structure 1 to limit the displacement of the friction structure 1 in the planar direction of the steel back 3.

[0064] Specifically, limiting the displacement of the friction structure 1 in the plane direction of the steel back 3 includes limiting the freedom of the friction structure 1 to rotate along any straight line direction in the plane and around its axis. Since the shape of the friction structure 1 is hexagonal, a part of the friction structure 1 can be mutually limited, and then a plurality of blocks 35 are arranged according to the distribution position of another part of the friction structure 1, and the block 35 is used to limit this part of the friction structure 1. Chamfered structures are provided at both ends of the dovetail block 34 to avoid stress concentration. The steel back 3 is made by fine processing of rolled profiles. There are few manufacturing defects, thereby improving the processing qualification rate and reducing the processing cost. The surface of the steel back 3 is copper-plated and is generally an irregular pentagon.

[0065] In summary, the brake pad of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] 1. The brake pad of the utility model uses a plurality of rivets 23 to rivet and fix the limit member 221 and the mounting boss 111 of the friction structure 1, thereby reducing the tangential force on the rivet 23, and a mounting groove 33 is provided on the side of the steel back 3 facing the friction structure 1, and a first elastic structure 21 is provided in the mounting groove 33. During the braking process, the first elastic structure 21 is used to improve the ability of the friction structure 1 to resist horizontal shear, thereby reducing the tangential load on the rivet 23 and extending the service life of the rivet 23.

[0067] 2. The brake pad of the utility model is provided with a second elastic structure 222 between the stopper 221 and the steel back 3, and a first elastic structure 21 is provided between the steel back 3 and the friction structure 1. The lower surface of the stopper 221 is in contact with the upper surface of the mounting boss 111 of the friction structure 1. The first elastic structure 21 and / or the second elastic structure 222 have a certain elastic space after being compressed, and an axial floating gap J1 is provided between the friction structure 1 and the steel back 3, so that the brake pad can realize that each friction structure 1 floats within a certain range during the braking process, and the first elastic structure 21 can use the elastic space to deform during the braking process and transmit the deformation force from one end of the friction structure 1 to the other end through the steel back 3, so as to timely compensate for the gap between the friction surface 14 of the friction structure 1 and the brake disc, and ensure that the friction surface 14 of each friction structure 1 can be in close contact with the brake disc, effectively preventing the occurrence of eccentric wear of the friction structure 1; on the other hand, it is beneficial for the friction structure 1 to float with the vibration of the brake disc itself during the braking process, so as to smoothly discharge the high-temperature wear debris, thereby reducing the disc surface temperature of the brake disc;

[0068] 3. The brake pad of the utility model can further limit the rotation and displacement of the friction structure 1 through the friction force generated by the abutment contact between the multiple second elastic structures 222 and the multiple limit members 221 and the steel back 3, thereby reducing the risk of driving. In addition, the multiple friction structures 1 are evenly spaced to avoid uneven heat dissipation of the friction structure 1 during braking, thereby avoiding large fluctuations in the temperature of the brake disc surface.

[0069] Implementation Method 2

[0070] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the utility model also provides a limit buffer mechanism 2, which is used to install the first structural member on the second structural member; wherein, the second structural member is provided with a mounting hole 31, and the first structural member is provided with a mounting boss 111, the mounting boss 111 extends into the mounting hole 31, and there is a direction adjustment gap J2 between the mounting boss 111 and the mounting hole 31 in the circumferential direction of the first structural member, and there is an axial floating gap J1 between the first structural member and the second structural member in the axial direction of the first structural member; the limit buffer mechanism 2 includes: a first elastic structure 21, which is sleeved outside the mounting boss 111, and the first elastic structure 21 abuts between the first structural member and the second structural member in the axial direction of the first structural member; an elastic limit structure 22, which is fixed on the mounting boss 111 and abuts against the side of the second structural member facing away from the first structural member.

[0071] The position-limiting buffer mechanism 2 of the utility model can be applied to brake pads, with multiple friction structures 1 as multiple first structural members, and steel backs 3 as second structural members, and multiple friction structures 1 are installed on steel backs 3 through multiple position-limiting buffer mechanisms 2, so as to form the brake pads in the first embodiment. The position-limiting buffer mechanism 2 in this embodiment is the same as the position-limiting buffer mechanism 2 in the first embodiment in terms of specific structure, working principle and beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here. Of course, the position-limiting buffer mechanism 2 of the utility model can also be applied to other structures as needed, and the first structural member is connected to the second structural member in a floating manner, which can also produce the technical effects produced when it is applied to brake pads.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic limiting structure 22 includes a second elastic structure 222 and a limiting member 221 . The limiting member 221 is fixed on the mounting boss 111 , and the second elastic structure 222 abuts between the limiting member 221 and the second structure member.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member 221 is fixed on the mounting boss 111 by at least one rivet member 23 .

[0074] In the embodiment of the utility model, the mounting boss 111 is provided with at least one first rivet hole 112, and the first structural member is provided with at least one rivet groove 113, the rivet groove 113 is communicated with the first rivet hole 112, the limiting member 221 is provided with at least one second rivet hole 223 corresponding to the at least one first rivet hole 112, and the two ends of the rivet member 23 are respectively provided with a first rivet head and a second rivet head, the rivet member 23 is penetrated into the first rivet hole 112 and the second rivet hole 223, the first rivet head of the rivet member 23 is riveted and fixed in the rivet groove 113, and the second rivet head of the rivet member 23 is riveted and fixed on the limiting member 221.

[0075] In an embodiment of the utility model, the limit buffer mechanism 2 has an initial state and a buffer state formed when the first structural member is under pressure; in the initial state, the first elastic structure 21 is in a first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure 222 is in a second preset compression state; in the buffer state, the first elastic structure 21 is in a compression state with a degree of compression greater than the first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure 222 is in a compression state with a degree of compression less than the second preset compression state.

[0076] In the embodiment of the utility model, the axial length L0 of the first elastic structure 21 in the first preset compression state and the axial length L1 of the first elastic structure 21 in the maximum compression state formed when it is under pressure have the relationship: (L1-L0)≥0.5mm; the axial floating clearance J1 and the axial length L0 and the axial length L1 have the relationship: J1>(L1-L0).

[0077] In the embodiment of the present invention, a limiting groove 224 is provided on one side of the limiting member 221 facing the second elastic structure 222 , and the second elastic structure 222 is located in the limiting groove 224 .

[0078] In the implementation manner of the present invention, the first elastic structure 21 includes a butterfly spring; the second elastic structure 222 includes a wave spring.

[0079] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A limit buffer mechanism, characterized in that: Used to install the first structural member on the second structural member; The second structural member is provided with a mounting hole, the first structural member is provided with a mounting boss, the mounting boss extends into the mounting hole, and a direction adjustment gap is provided between the mounting boss and the mounting hole in the circumferential direction of the first structural member, and an axial floating gap is provided between the first structural member and the second structural member in the axial direction of the first structural member; The limit buffer mechanism comprises: A first elastic structure, sleeved outside the mounting boss, the first elastic structure abutting between the first structural member and the second structural member in the axial direction of the first structural member; The elastic limiting structure is fixed on the mounting boss and abuts against a side of the second structural member that faces away from the first structural member.

2. The limit buffer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic limiting structure includes a second elastic structure and a limiting member, the limiting member is fixed on the mounting boss, and the second elastic structure abuts between the limiting member and the second structural member.

3. The limit buffer mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting member is fixed on the mounting boss by at least one rivet member.

4. The limit buffer mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting boss is provided with at least one first rivet hole, and the first structural member is provided with at least one rivet groove, the rivet groove is communicated with the first rivet hole, the limiting member is provided with at least one second rivet hole corresponding to at least one first rivet hole, and the two ends of the rivet member are respectively provided with a first rivet head and a second rivet head, the rivet member is penetrated through the first rivet hole and the second rivet hole, the first rivet head of the rivet member is riveted and fixed in the rivet groove, and the second rivet head of the rivet member is riveted and fixed on the limiting member.

5. The position limiting buffer mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The position limiting buffer mechanism has an initial state and a buffer state formed when the first structural member is compressed; In the initial state, the first elastic structure is in a first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure is in a second preset compression state; In the buffer state, the first elastic structure is in a compression state with a compression degree greater than the first preset compression state, and the second elastic structure is in a compression state with a compression degree less than the second preset compression state.

6. The position limiting buffer mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial length L0 of the first elastic structure in the first preset compression state and the axial length L1 of the first elastic structure in the maximum compression state formed in the compressed state have the relationship: (L1-L0)≥0.5mm; The axial floating gap J1 and the axial length L0 and the axial length L1 are in the relationship of: J1>(L1-L0).

7. The position limiting buffer mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided on one side of the limiting member facing the second elastic structure, and the second elastic structure is located in the limiting groove.

8. The position limiting buffer mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first elastic structure includes a butterfly spring; the second elastic structure includes a wave spring.

9. A brake pad, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of limit buffer mechanisms according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the brake pad further comprises a steel back and a plurality of friction structures, wherein the friction structure is mounted on the steel back through the limit buffer mechanism.

10. The brake pad according to claim 9, characterized in that The friction structure comprises a friction body and a back plate, one side of the back plate is connected to the friction body, and the other side of the back plate is provided with the mounting boss.

11. The brake pad according to claim 10, characterized in that The friction body is fixed to the outer end surface of the back plate by sintering and pressing, and a plurality of reinforcement structures are arranged between the friction body and the outer end surface of the back plate, and the plurality of reinforcement structures are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the friction structure; The reinforcement structure comprises matched reinforcement bosses and reinforcement holes, one of which is arranged on the outer end surface of the back plate, and the other is arranged on the friction body.

12. The brake pad according to claim 9, characterized in that A plurality of mounting grooves are provided on one side of the steel back facing the friction structure, each mounting groove is communicated with the corresponding mounting hole, and the first elastic structure of each position limiting buffer mechanism is located in the corresponding mounting groove.

13. The brake pad according to claim 9, characterized in that A plurality of receiving grooves are provided on the side of the steel back facing away from the friction structure, each of the receiving grooves is communicated with the corresponding mounting hole, and the elastic limiting structure of each limiting buffer mechanism is located in the corresponding containing groove.

14. The brake pad according to claim 9, characterized in that A plurality of dovetail blocks are provided on the side of the steel back facing away from the friction structure, and the plurality of dovetail blocks cooperate to form a dovetail groove for cooperating with the brake device; A plurality of stoppers are provided on the side of the steel back facing the friction structure. The plurality of stoppers are spaced between the plurality of friction structures. The stoppers can abut against at least one of the friction structures to limit the displacement of the friction structure in the plane direction of the steel back.

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