Blast hole charging structure for smooth blasting of underground mine cutting groove

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, and particularly discloses an underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure which comprises a charging cavity containing emulsion explosive and two initiating explosive packages, an orifice air gap, a filling body and a detonator leg wire. The charging cavity is filled with emulsion explosives, two same initiating explosive packages are arranged at the two ends in the charging cavity, an electronic detonator is arranged in each initiating explosive package, detonator leg wires of the electronic detonators are led out of the charging structure of the smooth blasting blast hole of the underground mine cutting groove, and an orifice air gap is formed between the charging cavity and the filling body. According to the blasting hole charging structure for smooth blasting of the underground mine cutting groove, damage to rock mass reserved on the periphery of the cutting groove is effectively reduced, the environmental safety of follow-up ore removal and charging operation of workers is improved, the unit consumption of explosives is reduced, the mining production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, and specifically discloses a charge structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves. Background Art

[0002] In the process of mining underground mines using the segmented open-pit subsequent backfilling method, many blasting quality problems are prone to occur when the cutting groove is formed using general blasting methods. For example, poor cutting groove forming quality leads to a large amount of damage to the retained rock mass around the cutting groove, and the subsequent working environment for workers to go out of the mine and load explosives is unsafe; the high unit consumption of explosives leads to high mining costs; the damage to the main row of blast holes is large, resulting in a large number and frequency of filling holes in the mining area, and slow production efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a technical solution to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a charging structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves. The technical solution of the charging structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves is as follows:

[0005] A charging structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves, comprising: a charging cavity containing emulsion explosives and two explosive packages, an orifice air gap, a filling body and a detonator leg line; the charging cavity is filled with the emulsion explosive, two identical explosive packages are arranged at both ends of the charging cavity, each of the explosive packages is provided with an electronic detonator, the detonator leg line of the electronic detonator leads out of the charging structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves, and the orifice air gap is formed between the charging cavity and the filling body.

[0006] The utility model provides the following beneficial effects for the underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure:

[0007] The utility model discloses a charging structure for smooth blasting holes in underground mine cutting grooves, which effectively reduces the damage to the rock mass retained around the cutting grooves, improves the environmental safety of subsequent workers in mining and charging operations, reduces the unit consumption of explosives, reduces the mining production cost, and improves the production efficiency.

[0008] In an optional manner, it also includes: an air gap at the bottom of the hole is also arranged above the charge cavity.

[0009] In an optional manner, it also includes: the hole bottom air gap is also arranged above the charge cavity, and a segmented air gap is formed between the two detonating charges inside the charge cavity.

[0010] In an optional manner, the length of the orifice air gap is 0.5-1.2 times the length of the resistance line.

[0011] In an optional manner, the filler is taphole mud or plastic filler.

[0012] In an optional manner, the length of the air space at the bottom of the hole is 0.5-1.2 times the length of the resistance line.

[0013] In an optional manner, the length of the hole bottom air gap and the segmented air gap is 0.5-1.2 times the resistance line length.

[0014] In an optional manner, a plurality of underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting hole charging structures are placed according to corresponding preset position relationships to form a smooth blasting hole row.

[0015] In an optional manner, a plurality of underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structures are placed in the first sub-area of ​​the cutting groove area according to corresponding preset position relationships to form a cutting row blast hole bottom interval charging structure.

[0016] In an optional manner, a plurality of underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structures are placed in the second sub-area of ​​the cutting groove area according to corresponding preset position relationships to form a continuous charging structure for the cutting row blast holes.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the embodiments and are not considered to be limitations of the present invention. In addition, the same reference symbols are used to represent the same components throughout the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a first structural schematic diagram of a charge structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a second structural schematic diagram of a charging structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a third structural schematic diagram of a charging structure for smooth blasting blastholes in underground mine cutting grooves of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the arrangement of the cutting groove smooth blasting holes of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of the cutting groove smooth blasting holes of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filling body of the utility model;

[0025] Figure numerals: 1. rock drilling tunnel; 2. cutting tunnel; 3. cutting well; 4. cutting groove area; 5. normal drainage area of ​​the mining area; 6. well expansion blasthole; 7. cutting blasthole; 8. charging structure of smooth blasting hole; 9. normal blasthole of mine collapse in the mining area; 10. smooth blasting layer; 11. air gap at the bottom of the hole; 12. detonating charge pack; 13. emulsion explosive; 14. air gap at the hole mouth; 15. filling body; 16. detonator foot line; 17. segmented air gap; 18. charging structure of the interval at the bottom of the hole; 19. continuous charging structure; 20. upper inward plug; 21. bidirectional expansion tube; 22. lower inward plug; 23. charging cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein.

[0027] Figure 1 The first structural schematic diagram of a charge structure for smooth blasting of underground mine cutting grooves provided by the utility model is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the underground mine cutting slot smooth blasting blasthole charging structure includes: a charging cavity 23 containing emulsion explosive 13 and two detonating charges 12, a hole air gap 14, a filling body 15 and a detonator leg line 16.

[0028] Among them, the charging cavity 23 is filled with emulsion explosive 13, and two identical detonating packages 12 are arranged at both ends of the charging cavity 23. Each detonating package 12 is provided with an electronic detonator. The detonator leg line 16 of the electronic detonator leads to the underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blasthole charging structure, and a hole air gap 14 is formed between the charging cavity 23 and the filling body 15.

[0029] It should be noted that a charge anti-slip body is provided in the orifice air gap 14, which prevents the charge from flowing back and maintains a stable air gap, thereby ensuring the safety, stability and efficiency of the blasting process. In addition, the underground mine cutting slot smooth blasting blasthole charging structure composed of the charging cavity 23, the orifice air gap 14, the filling body 15 and the detonator foot line 16 is defined as a continuous charging structure 19.

[0030] The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blasthole charging structure of this embodiment effectively reduces the damage to the retained rock mass around the cutting groove, improves the environmental safety of subsequent workers' mining and charging operations; reduces the unit consumption of explosives, reduces the mining production cost, and improves production efficiency. In the continuous charging structure 19, the filling body 15 uses a self-made plastic filling body, which has low cost, good blocking effect, simple structure, and convenient on-site operation, which greatly improves the charging efficiency.

[0031] Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure provided by the utility model is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the underground mine cutting slot smooth blasting blasthole charging structure includes: a charging cavity 23 containing emulsion explosive 13 and two detonating charges 12, a hole mouth air gap 14, a filling body 15, a detonator leg line 16 and a hole bottom air gap 11.

[0032] The charge cavity 23 is filled with emulsion explosive 13, and two identical detonating charges 12 are arranged at both ends of the charge cavity 23. Each detonating charge 12 is provided with an electronic detonator, and the detonator foot line 16 of the electronic detonator leads out of the underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charge structure, and a hole mouth air gap 14 is formed between the charge cavity 23 and the filling body 15. The length of the hole bottom air gap 11 is 0.5-1.2 times the resistance line length.

[0033] It should be noted that a charge anti-slip body is provided in the hole air gap 14, which prevents the charge from flowing back and maintains a stable air gap, thereby ensuring the safety, stability and efficiency of the blasting process. In addition, the underground mine cutting slot smooth blasting blasthole charging structure consisting of the hole bottom air gap 11, the charging cavity 23, the hole air gap 14, the filling body 15 and the detonator foot line 16 is defined as the hole bottom gap charging structure 18.

[0034] In the hole bottom spaced charge structure 18 of this embodiment, the hole bottom air space 11 is arranged at the bottom of the blast hole, and its main function is to reduce the direct effect of the explosive on the hole bottom rock and reduce the excessive crushing of the hole bottom rock. In addition, the hole bottom air space 11 can also make the explosion shock wave reflect and superimpose at the hole bottom, reducing the root.

[0035] Figure 3 The third structural schematic diagram of the underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure provided by the utility model is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the underground mine cutting slot smooth blasting blasthole charging structure includes: a charging cavity 23 containing emulsion explosive 13 and two detonating charges 12, a hole mouth air gap 14, a filling body 15, a detonator leg line 16, a hole bottom air gap 11 and a segmented air gap 17.

[0036] The charge cavity 23 is filled with emulsion explosive 13, and two identical detonating charges 12 are arranged at both ends of the charge cavity 23. Each detonating charge 12 is provided with an electronic detonator, and the detonator foot line 16 of the electronic detonator leads out of the underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blasthole charge structure, and a hole mouth air gap 14 is formed between the charge cavity 23 and the filling body 15. A segmented air gap 17 is formed between the two detonating charges 12 in the emulsion explosive 13. The length of the hole bottom air gap 11 and the segmented air gap 17 is 0.5-1.2 times the resistance line length.

[0037] It should be noted that a charge anti-slip body is provided in the hole air gap 14, which prevents the charge from flowing back and maintains a stable air gap, thereby ensuring the safety, stability and efficiency of the blasting process. In addition, the underground mine cutting slot smooth blasting blasthole charging structure consisting of the hole bottom air gap 11, the charging cavity 23, the hole air gap 14, the filling body 15, the detonator leg line 16 and the segmented air gap 17 is defined as a smooth blasting hole charging structure 8.

[0038] In the smooth blast hole charging structure 8 of the present embodiment, the air gap 11 at the bottom of the hole is arranged at the bottom of the blast hole, and its main function is to reduce the direct effect between the explosive and the rock at the bottom of the hole, and reduce the excessive crushing of the rock at the bottom of the hole. In addition, the air gap 11 at the bottom of the hole can also cause the explosion shock wave to be reflected and superimposed at the bottom of the hole, reducing the root. The segmented air gap 17 divides the explosive in the blast hole into multiple sections, and an air gap is arranged between each section. The segmented air gap 17 can reasonably adjust the charge amount of each section of the explosive and the size of the air gap according to the properties of the rock and the blasting requirements, so as to achieve segmented detonation and control the blasting effect. The segmented air gap 17 can improve the distribution state of the explosive in the blast hole, make the energy distribution of the explosive more uniform, reduce the generation rate of large rocks, and improve the blasting efficiency.

[0039] In an alternative approach, for Figure 1-3 Any one of the three underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blasthole charging structures, the length of the orifice air interval 14 is 0.5-1.2 times the resistance line length, and the filling body 15 is a gun mud or plastic filling body. In this embodiment, a homemade plastic filling body is used, and the length of the filling body 15 is 15cm. Figure 6 As shown, the packing body 15 includes: an upper inward plug 20 , a bidirectional expansion tube 21 , and a lower inward plug 22 .

[0040] In an optional manner, multiple Figure 3 The underground mine cutting slot smooth blasting blast hole charging structure shown is placed according to the corresponding preset position relationship to form a smooth blasting blast hole row.

[0041] Among them, multiple smooth blasting hole charging structures 8 can be arranged as follows Figure 4In the shown row, a whole row of smooth blasting hole charging structures 8 is defined as a smooth blasting row of blast holes.

[0042] In an optional manner, multiple Figure 2 The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure shown is placed in the first sub-area of ​​the cutting groove area according to the corresponding preset position relationship, forming a cutting row blast hole bottom interval charging structure.

[0043] Among them, multiple hole bottom spacer charging structures 18 can be arranged as follows Figure 4 The upper edge (first sub-area) of the cutting groove area 4 shown defines a whole row of hole bottom spaced charge structures 18 formed as a cutting row of blast hole bottom spaced charge structures.

[0044] In an optional manner, multiple Figure 1 The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure shown is placed in the second sub-area of ​​the cutting groove area according to the corresponding preset position relationship, forming a cutting row blast hole continuous charging structure.

[0045] Among them, multiple continuous charge structures 19 can be arranged in Figure 4 In the remaining area (second sub-area) of the cutting groove area 4 except the upper edge, a plurality of continuous charge structures 19 are distributed in the area to form a continuous charge structure for cutting blast holes.

[0046] It should be noted that the position of the spaced charging structure at the bottom of the cutting row blast holes is between the smooth blasting row blast holes and the continuous charging structure of the cutting row blast holes. The first sub-area and the second sub-area have no intersection and together constitute a cutting groove area.

[0047] according to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the rock drilling tunnel 1 is a tunnel for the rock drilling rig to drill normal blast holes 9 for mine collapse and blast holes for smooth blasting in the mine. It is located in the middle of the normal row area 5 of the mine to facilitate the construction of blast holes in different positions, different inclinations and different lengths, so as to effectively control the blasting effect and range.

[0048] The cutting tunnel 2 is connected to the rock drilling tunnel 1. On the one hand, it is used as a tunnel for the rock drilling rig to drill and expand the well blast holes 6 and cut the blast holes 7. On the other hand, it can increase a certain compensation space for cutting groove blasting.

[0049] The cutting well 3 is located inside the cutting groove area 4. The cutting well 3 is connected to the cutting tunnel 2 to form a complete blasting cutting system. The blasting cutting system is a pre-formed space used to provide a free surface and compensation space when the cutting groove area 4 is blasted.

[0050] The expansion holes 6 are arranged around the periphery of the well tunnel. Figure 4As shown in ①-③, the expansion blasthole 6 is used to expand the existing shaft to increase its diameter or area. By controlling the blasting parameters, the rock after blasting can collapse in a predetermined direction, thereby expanding the space.

[0051] The cutting row of blast holes 7 is used to form the blast holes of the cutting surface, according to Figure 4 shown It can be seen that the function of the cutting row blast holes 7 is to form a predetermined fracture surface during the blasting process to control the direction and range of the blasting. The cutting row blast holes 7 are arranged at the edge or specific position of the blasting area according to a predetermined spacing and angle to form one or more cutting lines. The predetermined spacing and angle can be set according to actual conditions.

[0052] The smooth blasting hole charging structure 8 is a blast hole set up to keep the rock surface flat and smooth after blasting. The smooth blasting hole charging structure 8 is placed vertically to the cutting row blast holes 7. By controlling the charging amount and blasting parameters, the rock can be broken along the cutting surface while keeping the surface flat.

[0053] The normal blast hole 9 in the mine collapse is located at Figure 4 The entire row of A and B shown in the figure, the normal blast holes 9 for mine collapse in the mine are used for blasting operations during normal mining. The normal blast holes 9 for mine collapse in the mine are arranged according to the mining width of the mine and the conditions of the rock properties. The purpose is to make the ore collapse from the ore body to facilitate subsequent transportation and processing.

[0054] The smooth blasting layer 10 refers to the rock layer between the smooth blasting hole and the interval charging structure at the bottom of the cutting blasting hole. If the thickness is reasonable, the blasting effect can be guaranteed while avoiding damage to the normal blasting holes 9 of the subsequent mining area.

[0055] The air gap 11 at the bottom of the hole is set at the bottom of the blasthole. The main function of the air gap 11 at the bottom of the hole is to reduce the direct effect of the explosive on the rock at the bottom of the hole and reduce the excessive crushing of the rock at the bottom of the hole. The air gap 11 at the bottom of the hole can also make the explosion shock wave reflect and superimpose at the bottom of the hole, reducing the root.

[0056] Orifice air gap 14: Orifice air gap 14 is set at the top of the blast hole. The main function of the orifice air gap 14 is to reduce the direct effect of the explosion shock wave on the blast hole, reduce the excessive crushing of rocks around the blast hole and the generation of flying rocks. At the same time, the orifice air gap 14 can also prolong the action time of the explosion gas in the blast hole.

[0057] The plugging body 15 is a cannon mud or plastic plugging body. In this embodiment, a homemade plastic plugging body is used. The plugging body 15 is 15 cm long and includes: an upper inward plug 20, a bidirectional expansion tube 21, and a lower inward plug 22. The main purpose of the plugging body 15 is to extend the action time of the explosion gas in the rock, improve the blasting and crushing effect of the rock, and thus improve the utilization rate of the explosive energy; prevent the detonation gas from escaping too early, so that the blast hole can maintain a high pressure state for a relatively long time, which is conducive to more effectively improving the blasting effect; reduce the pressure and temperature of the explosion gas when it escapes from the free surface, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the explosion and converting more thermal energy into mechanical energy; reduce the hazards of air shock waves, noise and individual flying rocks, and improve the safety of blasting operations.

[0058] The main function of the detonator leg wire 16 is to connect the detonator to the detonating device and transmit the electrical signal to the detonating device inside the detonator to achieve the purpose of detonation.

[0059] The segmented air gap 17 divides the explosive in the blasthole into several segments and sets air gaps between the segments. The segmented air gap 17 can adjust the charge amount of each segment of explosive and the size of the air gap according to the properties of the rock and the blasting requirements to achieve segmented detonation and control the blasting effect. The segmented air gap 17 can improve the distribution state of the explosive in the blasthole, make the energy distribution of the explosive more uniform, reduce the generation rate of large rocks, and improve the blasting efficiency.

[0060] The spaced charging structure 18 at the bottom of the hole can effectively reduce the vibration peak particle velocity generated during blasting, thereby reducing damage to the surrounding environment; at the same time, due to the buffering and hysteresis effect of the air gap, the blasting action time can be extended, the blasting impulse can be increased, and the blasting block size can be made more uniform, thereby reducing the large block rate and improving the blasting effect.

[0061] The explosion energy of the continuous charging structure 19 can act on the rock more concentratedly, which is conducive to forming stronger shock waves and stress waves, thereby improving the blasting effect, distributing the explosion energy more evenly in the rock, achieving a more uniform crushing effect, and reducing the generation of large rocks.

[0062] It should be noted that if Figure 4 As shown, ①-③ are expansion holes 6, To cut the blast holes 7, the intervals between ①-② and ②-③ are 0.9m; the interval between ③-④ is 1m; The interval between each row of blast holes is 1.4m; the area between the interval charging structure 18 at the bottom of the cutting row blast holes and the smooth blasting row blast holes is the smooth blasting layer 10, with an interval of 1m; the intervals from the smooth blasting row blast holes to A and from A to B are both 2.2m. Figure 5As shown in the figure, the charge amount of the blast holes in the first and third rows of the expansion well from left to right is 13.3kg, 44.7kg, 48.1kg, 39.5kg, 40.0kg, and 13.3kg, respectively. The charge amount of the blast holes in the second row of the expansion well from left to right is 45.7kg and 46.2kg, respectively. The charging amount of each row of blast holes from left to right are 10.9kg, 32.8kg, 43.8kg, 37.6kg and 13.3kg respectively, and the charging amount of the blast holes for smooth blasting are 19kg, 23.8kg, 29.5kg, 41.4kg, 38.1kg, 37.1kg, 28.6kg, 31.4kg and 22.4kg respectively.

[0063] In a certain embodiment, the -458m section of a certain underground mine is mainly a copper-sulfur-gold mineralization zone, and the surrounding rocks of the ore body are mainly sericite phyllite and dacite porphyry. The mining method designed for the mine is a segmented empty field followed by filling method. When the stope is recovered, the height of the stope recovery section is 20m, 15m, and 15m from top to bottom, the stope width is 12m, and the length is 45m. The rock drilling tunnel 1 and the cutting tunnel 2 have been constructed in each section of the stope. The cross-sectional specifications of the rock drilling tunnel 1 and the cutting tunnel 2 are 3.7m×3.7m (width×height), and the cutting well 3 is arranged at the normal row area 5 of the stope outside one end of the cutting groove area 4. The blasting of each segmented cutting groove is carried out from bottom to top. After the blasting of the lower layer cutting groove, a part of the ore is taken out, and the remaining ore is used as the working platform for blasting and charging the upper layer cutting groove. When blasting the segmented cutting grooves, many blasting quality problems often occur, such as hanging roof, roof collapse, side wall collapse, etc., which especially cause serious damage to the positive row of ore rock and blast holes in the mining area, making the subsequent production safety worse, and making it difficult to charge the positive row of blast holes in the mining area. Even some of the positive row of blast holes cannot be charged at all, which seriously affects the safe production and economic benefits of the mine.

[0064] Taking the bottom cutting groove blasting as an example, the cutting groove to be blasted is 12m long, 3.7m wide and 15m high. The main methods are:

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, a cutting well 3 is constructed by using a raise borer at one end of the cutting groove 4 close to the normal row area 5 of the stope, and the diameter of the cutting well 3 is 1.4m. Figure 4As shown, vertical blast holes and fan-shaped blast holes are arranged in the cutting groove area 4 around the circumference of the cutting well 3. The blast hole diameter is 76mm. The resistance line of the first circle of well expansion blast holes is calculated as 10 times the blast hole diameter and takes a value of 0.8m. The density coefficient of the well expansion blast hole 6 is calculated as the hole bottom distance. The vertical hole row spacing is 0.8m, and the inclined hole bottom distance is a maximum of 1.2m. In the remaining area of ​​the cutting groove area 4, cutting row blast holes 7 are arranged. The blast hole diameter is 76mm. The cutting row blast holes 7 use the center line of the cutting tunnel 2 as the drilling rig core line. The blasting direction uses the rectangular slot cavity formed by the well expansion blasting as the free surface and the ore rock crushing compensation space. The row spacing resistance line is calculated as 18 times the blast hole diameter and takes a value of 1.4m. The blast hole density coefficient is calculated as the hole bottom distance, which is determined by 1.0 to 1.4 times the resistance line and takes a value of 1.4 to 1.8m. In the rock drilling tunnel 1, a row of smooth blasting hole charging structures 8 are arranged along the boundary area between the cutting groove area 4 and the normal row area 5 of the stope. The diameter of the blasting hole is 76mm, and the row direction is perpendicular to the row direction of the cutting row blasting holes 7. The thickness of the smooth blasting layer 10 is calculated as 12 times the diameter of the blasting hole, which is 1.0m. All the above blasting holes are constructed using 1254 medium-deep hole trolleys.

[0066] After the construction of the above blast holes is completed, the blast holes in rows ①-④ are Figure 5 As shown, the charge is charged, wherein the blastholes adjacent to the smooth blasting layer 10 adopt the hole bottom interval charge structure 18, and the other blastholes adopt the continuous charge structure 19. The length of the air interval 14 at the orifice of each blasthole is determined according to the orifice charge unit consumption according to the principle of combining the lengths of adjacent holes and the longest hole orifice air interval 14 being the longest. The length of the orifice air interval 14 of the blasthole is controlled by two-stage plugging. The first-stage plugging uses a charge column anti-slip body to prevent the charge from sliding upward into the hole, and the second-stage plugging uses a hole plugging body to seal the orifice to form an underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blasthole charge structure. After the charge is charged, the detonation network is connected and the detonator delay time is set. The micro-difference delay time between holes in the same row is controlled at 20ms, and the micro-difference delay time between rows is controlled at 70ms. The subsequent blasting is carried out according to the conventional blasting operation process.

[0067] After the blasting of ①-④ rows of blast holes is completed, the next blasting The row cutting row blasting hole 7 and the smooth blasting row blasting hole. Row cutting row blasting hole 7 and smooth blasting row blasting hole press Figure 5The charging is performed as shown, wherein the cutting row blast holes 7 adjacent to the smooth blasting layer 10 adopt a hole bottom interval charging structure 18, the other cutting row blast holes adopt a continuous charging structure 19, and the smooth surface blasting row blast holes adopt a smooth surface blasting hole charging structure 8. The length of the air gap 14 at the mouth of each blast hole is determined according to the principle that the air gap 14 at the mouth of the longest hole is the longest, based on the consumption of the amount of charge per hole. The length of the air gap 14 at the mouth of the blast hole is controlled by two-stage plugging. The first-level plugging uses a charge column anti-slip body to prevent the charge from sliding upward into the hole, and the second-level plugging uses a hole mouth plugging body to seal the hole mouth to form an underground mine cutting groove smooth surface blasting blast hole charging structure. After the charging is completed, the detonation network is connected and the detonator delay time is set. The detonation sequence is to detonate first. The row of blast holes are cut and then the smooth surface blasting row holes are detonated, wherein the micro-difference delay time between the cut row holes 7 in the same row is controlled at 20ms, the micro-difference delay time between rows is controlled at 70ms, the micro-difference delay time difference of the smooth surface blasting row holes is controlled at 90ms, and the charging structure 8 of the same row of smooth surface blasting holes is detonated at the same time, and subsequent blasting is carried out according to the conventional blasting operation process.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging structure for smooth blasting of underground mine cutting grooves, characterized in that: include: The invention relates to a charge cavity (23) comprising an emulsion explosive (13) and two detonating charge bags (12), an orifice air gap (14), a filling body (15) and a detonator leg wire (16); the charge cavity (23) is filled with the emulsion explosive (13); two identical detonating charge bags (12) are arranged at both ends of the charge cavity (23); an electronic detonator is arranged in each detonating charge bag (12); the detonator leg wire (16) of the electronic detonator leads out of the underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charge structure; the orifice air gap (14) is formed between the charge cavity (23) and the filling body (15).

2. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hole bottom air space (11) is also provided above the charge cavity (23).

3. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hole bottom air gap (11) is also provided above the charge cavity (23), and a segmented air gap (17) is formed between the two detonating charge packs (12) inside the charge cavity (23).

4. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The length of the orifice air space (14) is 0.5-1.2 times the length of the resistance line.

5. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The filling body (15) is taphole mud or a plastic filling body.

6. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the air space (11) at the bottom of the hole is 0.5-1.2 times the length of the resistance line.

7. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The length of the hole bottom air gap (11) and the segmented air gap (17) is 0.5-1.2 times the resistance line length.

8. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structures are placed according to corresponding preset position relationships to form a smooth blasting blast hole row.

9. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structures are placed in the first sub-area of ​​the cutting groove area according to corresponding preset position relationships to form a cutting row blast hole bottom interval charging structure.

10. The underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of underground mine cutting groove smooth blasting blast hole charging structures are placed in the second sub-area of ​​the cutting groove area according to corresponding preset position relationships to form a cutting row blast hole continuous charging structure.

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