Nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high-voltage trigger switch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high-voltage trigger switch, which comprises an insulating shell, and a push-pull electromagnet and an elastic electrode are arranged in the insulating shell. The push-pull electromagnet is electrically connected with the control power supply port; the elastic electrode is electrically connected with the input electrode; the output electrode is fixed on the insulating shell, one end is inserted into the insulating shell and positioned in front of the elastic electrode, and the other end extends out of the insulating shell and is connected with the resistor element; and the output end of the push-pull electromagnet is insulated from the elastic electrode, and pushes the elastic electrode to move towards the output electrode, so that non-contact discharge is realized. The fast leading edge high-voltage electromagnetic pulse trigger circuit has the advantages of being fast in response, high in reliability, easy to control and maintain and the like, has the advantages of being low in cost and high in adaptability economically, and is very suitable for being applied to occasions where fast leading edge high-voltage electromagnetic pulses are needed to be triggered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic pulse sources, in particular to a nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high-voltage trigger switch. Background Art

[0002] In a high voltage pulse generator, a trigger switch is one of the key components. The pulse discharge switch in the prior art includes a push button switch, a vacuum trigger switch, a hydrogen thyristor switch, and a solid-state switch.

[0003] Generally, push button switches are used at 2kV discharge voltage level, but push button switches have problems of mechanical wear and discharge corrosion, which affect the service life of the push button switches; vacuum trigger switches and hydrogen thyratron switches require corresponding drive circuits to work, and the drive voltage is generally above 1kV, with complex structures, and the switch performance does not meet the nanosecond requirements. In particular, hydrogen thyratrons are used as trigger switches, which need to be preheated before working, otherwise there is a possibility of tube explosion; solid switches are generally complex in structure and expensive, and it is difficult to meet the waveform rising edge time requirements specified in GJB151B-2013 and MIL-STD-461G standard RS105 project at the 10kV level. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the shortcomings of the existing electromagnetic pulse trigger switch, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high-voltage trigger switch that can meet the waveform requirements specified in the GJB151B-2013 and MIL-STD-461G standard RS105 project, has a simple structure, low cost, and is programmable, and is suitable for small high-voltage electromagnetic pulse generating devices.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high-voltage trigger switch designed by the utility model includes an insulating shell, in which a push-pull electromagnet and an elastic electrode are arranged; the push-pull electromagnet is electrically connected to the control power supply port; the elastic electrode is electrically connected to the input electrode; the output electrode is fixed on the insulating shell, one end of which is inserted into the insulating shell and located in front of the elastic electrode, and the other end extends out of the insulating shell to connect to the resistance element; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet is insulated from the elastic electrode, and pushes the elastic electrode to move in the direction of the output electrode to achieve non-contact discharge.

[0006] Preferably, the insulating shell includes two independent chambers; the elastic electrode and the push-pull electromagnet are respectively located in the two independent chambers; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet is connected to the insulating connecting rod; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet drives the insulating connecting rod to push the elastic electrode to move toward the output electrode, thereby realizing non-contact discharge.

[0007] Further preferably, the independent chamber where the elastic electrode is located is filled with insulating liquid; the insulating liquid covers the elastic electrode and the output electrode.

[0008] Still further preferably, the insulating liquid is vegetable oil.

[0009] More preferably, the insulating liquid is rapeseed oil.

[0010] Preferably, arc-shaped bosses are provided at adjacent ends of the elastic electrode and the output electrode.

[0011] Further preferably, a spacing is provided between the arc-shaped boss on the output electrode and the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode, and the spacing is determined according to the switching voltage, and the spacing increases as the voltage level increases.

[0012] Further preferably, the axis of the output electrode, the axis of the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode and the axis of the output end of the push-pull electromagnet are on the same horizontal plane; and the axis of the output electrode is located between the axis of the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode and the axis of the output end of the push-pull electromagnet.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0014] The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high-voltage trigger switch of the utility model realizes the advantages of rapid response, high reliability, easy control and maintenance, and has the characteristics of low cost and strong adaptability in economy, and is very suitable for applications requiring fast-front triggering of high-voltage electromagnetic pulses.

[0015] The utility model can trigger RS105 transient electromagnetic pulses that meet the waveform rise time parameters specified in GJB 151B-2013B standard and MIL-STD-461G standard at the 10kV voltage level, and has a simple structure, low cost, and can be programmably controlled by controlling the power supply interface. It has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. Nanosecond triggering: The utility model adopts a push-pull electromagnet as a driving element, which can realize fast push-pull action. Insulating liquid is added to the discharge chamber to shorten the discharge spark channel distance, reduce the switch inductance, and increase the rise time, thereby triggering high-voltage electromagnetic pulses at the nanosecond level, meeting the strict requirements of GJB151B-2013 and MIL-STD-461G standard RS105 project.

[0017] 2. Simple structure and low cost: Compared with the traditional mechanical switch, the utility model has a simple design, reduces the complex mechanical structure, reduces the production cost, and makes large-scale production and application possible.

[0018] 3. High reliability and long life: Due to the non-contact discharge design, mechanical wear and discharge corrosion are reduced, thereby significantly improving the working life and reliability of the switch.

[0019] 4. Easy to control and integrate: The utility model can accept external control signals through the control power supply port to realize programmed control, which is convenient for integration with modern electronic systems and automation equipment.

[0020] 5. Good insulation performance: The insulating shell and insulating connecting rod are made of high-insulation epoxy plastic (EP) material, with rapeseed oil as the insulating medium, ensuring safety in high-voltage environments.

[0021] 6. Optimized discharge design: The gap between the elastic electrode and the output electrode is reasonably designed, and the discharge end is an arc structure, which helps to form a stable discharge path and improve discharge efficiency.

[0022] 7. Strong adaptability: The switch design takes into account the application requirements of different voltage levels. By adjusting the gap between the output electrode and the elastic electrode, it can adapt to the discharge requirements of different voltage levels.

[0023] 8. Easy maintenance: Due to the simple structure, maintenance and replacement of parts become easy, which helps to reduce maintenance costs during long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the utility model, in which the upper shell cover of the insulating shell is hidden;

[0025] In the figure: 1. Insulating shell; 2. Push-pull electromagnet; 3. Elastic electrode; 4. Control power supply port; 5. Input electrode; 6. Output electrode; 7. Copper bar; 8. Insulating connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a further detailed description of the technical solution (including the preferred technical solution) of the present utility model by means of the accompanying drawings and by listing some optional embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high-voltage trigger switch designed by the utility model includes an insulating shell 1, in which a push-pull electromagnet 2 and an elastic electrode 3 are arranged; the push-pull electromagnet 2 is electrically connected to a control power supply port 4; the elastic electrode 3 is electrically connected to an input electrode 5; an output electrode 6 is fixed on the insulating shell 1, one end of which is inserted into the insulating shell 1 and located in front of the elastic electrode 3, and the other end of which extends out of the insulating shell 1 to connect to a resistance element; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet 2 is insulated from the elastic electrode 3, and pushes the elastic electrode 3 to move toward the output electrode 6 to achieve non-contact discharge.

[0028] In some optional embodiments of the utility model, the insulating shell 1 includes two independent chambers; the elastic electrode 3 and the push-pull electromagnet 2 are respectively located in the two independent chambers; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet 2 is connected to the insulating connecting rod 8; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet 2 drives the insulating connecting rod 8 to push the elastic electrode 3 to move toward the output electrode 6, thereby realizing non-contact discharge.

[0029] One end of the insulating connecting rod 8 is connected to the telescopic head end of the push-pull electromagnet 2, and the other end is connected to the elastic electrode 3. The insulating connecting rod 8 is made of epoxy plastic (EP) material to ensure electrical insulation.

[0030] Control power supply port: located at the appropriate position of the insulating shell, providing DC 12V or 24V power supply for the push-pull solenoid.

[0031] As one of the specific embodiments of the utility model, the insulating housing 1 is composed of an upper housing cover, a lower housing and a sealing ring, and the upper housing cover, the lower housing and the sealing ring are assembled together to ensure the sealing performance. The lower housing in the insulating housing 1 is designed with two chambers for installing the push-pull electromagnet 2 and the elastic electrode 3, respectively, and openings for installing the input electrode 5, the output electrode 6 and the control power supply port 4.

[0032] The push-pull electromagnet 2 is installed in the lower shell chamber of the insulating shell 1 and connected to the control power supply port 4 to drive the insulating connecting rod 8 to achieve non-contact discharge between the elastic electrode 3 and the output electrode 6.

[0033] The elastic electrode 3 is made of a copper strip material with good elasticity and conductivity, and the discharge end is designed to be an arc structure to meet the needs of high-voltage discharge.

[0034] The output electrode 6 is made of copper and is installed at the opening of the lower shell of the insulating shell 1, opposite to the arc-shaped end of the elastic electrode 3, and forms a discharge gap.

[0035] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the independent chamber where the elastic electrode 3 is located is filled with insulating liquid; the insulating liquid covers the elastic electrode 3 and the output electrode 6. The insulating liquid is used for insulation and cooling to ensure safety during the discharge process.

[0036] Preferably, the insulating liquid is vegetable oil.

[0037] As one of the specific embodiments of the present utility model, the insulating liquid is rapeseed oil.

[0038] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, arc-shaped bosses are provided at adjacent ends of the elastic electrode and the output electrode.

[0039] Preferably, a distance is provided between the arc-shaped boss on the output electrode 6 and the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode 3 , and the distance is determined according to the switching voltage, and the distance increases as the voltage level increases.

[0040] Preferably, the axis of the output electrode 6, the axis of the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode 3 and the axis of the output end of the push-pull electromagnet 2 are on the same horizontal plane; and the axis of the output electrode 6 is located between the axis of the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode 3 and the axis of the output end of the push-pull electromagnet 2.

[0041] When the control power supply port 4 is connected (the connection method can be program control or mechanical control, and the connection time is generally less than 1s), the insulating connecting rod 8 moves toward the output electrode 6 and returns under the drive of the push-pull electromagnet 2. During the movement, a breakdown discharge occurs between the arc-shaped boss of the elastic electrode 3 and the arc-shaped boss of the output electrode 6. As the insulating connecting rod 8 returns, the discharge ends and a switching action is completed.

[0042] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the present invention further comprises a copper bar 7. One end of the copper bar 7 is connected to the output electrode 6, and the other end is connected to the resistance element, so as to transmit the electromagnetic pulse generated by the discharge.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, this embodiment is mainly aimed at the triggering requirements of the electromagnetic pulse source of the voltage level of 10kV. The switch insulation shell is made of epoxy plastic (EP) material, and the length, width and height are 105cm×45cm×35cm. Under different levels of discharge voltage, the size can be scaled proportionally. The input electrode and the output electrode are made of copper, and the diameter is 8mm. The elastic electrode uses a titanium bronze strip with a thickness of 0.3mm. The distance L between the two arc surfaces of the elastic electrode and the output electrode is 5mm. The insulating connecting rod is made of epoxy plastic (EP) material. Rapeseed oil is injected into the chamber 2. The rising edge parameters of the trigger electromagnetic pulse signal meet the requirements specified in the GJB151B-2013 and MIL-STD-461G standard RS105 project.

[0044] The utility model provides a DC power supply to the push-pull electromagnet 2 by controlling the power supply port 4. When the control signal is activated, the push-pull electromagnet 2 drives the insulating connecting rod 8 to move the elastic electrode 3 toward the output electrode 6 to achieve non-contact discharge. The electromagnetic pulse generated by the discharge is transmitted to the resistance element through the copper bar 7 and further transmitted to the circuit or load. The vegetable oil plays a role of cooling and insulation during the discharge process, protecting the switch from damage.

[0045] The utility model triggers the transient discharge between the elastic electrode 3 and the output electrode 6 based on the instantaneous thrust of the push-pull electromagnet 2 when it is powered on and off, thereby generating a transient electromagnetic pulse output waveform at the output electrode 6. Vegetable oil is injected into the lower shell chamber of the insulating shell 1 to adjust the rising edge time of the electromagnetic pulse waveform.

[0046] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, combinations, replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch, characterized in that: It comprises an insulating shell, in which a push-pull electromagnet and an elastic electrode are arranged; the push-pull electromagnet is electrically connected to a control power supply port; the elastic electrode is electrically connected to an input electrode; an output electrode is fixed on the insulating shell, one end of the output electrode is inserted into the insulating shell and located in front of the elastic electrode, and the other end extends out of the insulating shell and connected to a resistance element; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet is insulated from the elastic electrode, and pushes the elastic electrode to move toward the output electrode to achieve non-contact discharge.

2. The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent ends of the elastic electrode and the output electrode are both provided with arc-shaped bosses.

3. The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a distance between the arc-shaped boss on the output electrode and the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode. The distance is determined according to the switching voltage, and the distance increases as the voltage level increases.

4. The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The axis of the output electrode, the axis of the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode and the axis of the push-pull electromagnet output end are on the same horizontal plane; and the axis of the output electrode is located between the axis of the arc-shaped boss on the elastic electrode and the axis of the push-pull electromagnet output end.

5. The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The insulating shell includes two independent chambers; the elastic electrode and the push-pull electromagnet are respectively located in the two independent chambers; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet is connected to the insulating connecting rod; the output end of the push-pull electromagnet drives the insulating connecting rod to push the elastic electrode to move toward the output electrode to achieve non-contact discharge.

6. The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The independent chamber where the elastic electrode is located is filled with insulating liquid; the insulating liquid covers the elastic electrode and the output electrode.

7. The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The insulating liquid is vegetable oil.

8. The nanosecond electromagnetic pulse source high voltage trigger switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating liquid is rapeseed oil.

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