Rectifying column
By adopting three-stage heat exchange and reboiling technology in distillation equipment, using the combination of vertical heat exchange pipes, horizontal heat exchange pipes and reboilers, the poor purification and separation effect and energy consumption of existing distillation equipment are solved. The high problem achieves high-efficiency and low-energy separation and purification effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421230998.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-31
AI Technical Summary
The existing distillation equipment has poor purification and separation effect and is highly energy-consuming.
The three-stage heat exchange and reboiling method is adopted to achieve accurate separation and purification of the mixture through the combination of vertical heat exchange tubes, horizontal heat exchange tubes and reboilers.
It significantly improves separation efficiency, reduces energy loss, and improves the purity of the product.
Smart Images
Figure CN222488934U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of mechanical technology, and particularly relates to a distillation column. Background Art
[0002] Distillation is a separation process that uses the different volatilities of the components in a mixture to separate them. Commonly used equipment includes plate distillation towers and packed distillation towers. The gas-liquid two phases are in countercurrent contact to conduct interphase heat and mass transfer. The volatile components in the liquid phase enter the gas phase, and the non-volatile components in the gas phase are transferred to the liquid phase, so that almost pure volatile components can be obtained at the top of the tower, and almost pure non-volatile components can be obtained at the bottom of the tower. The feed liquid is added from the middle of the tower. The tower section above the feed port further concentrates the volatile components in the rising steam, which is called the distillation section; the tower section below the feed port extracts the volatile components from the descending liquid, which is called the stripping section. The steam drawn from the top of the tower is condensed, and a part of the condensate is returned to the distillation tower from the top of the tower as reflux liquid, and the remaining distillate is the top product. The liquid drawn from the bottom of the tower is partially vaporized by the reboiler, and the steam rises along the tower, and the remaining liquid is the bottom product. The ratio of the amount of liquid refluxed into the tower from the top to the amount of product from the top is called the reflux ratio, and its size will affect the separation effect and energy consumption of the distillation operation. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a distillation column to solve the problems of poor purification and separation effect and high energy consumption of the current distillation equipment.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:
[0005] A distillation column comprises a tower body, vertical heat exchange tubes, a reboiler and horizontal heat exchange tubes; the vertical heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged side by side in the middle and lower part of the tower body, the horizontal heat exchange tubes are horizontally placed in the middle and upper part of the tower body, and the reboiler is arranged between the horizontal heat exchange tubes to realize heat exchange-reboiling-heat exchange treatment on the mixed gas, so as to achieve accurate separation and purification of the mixture.
[0006] Furthermore, the tower body is provided with a thermometer jack b, a feed port, a vertical heat exchange tube, a baffle, a horizontal heat exchange tube, a reboiler and a thermometer jack a in sequence from bottom to top.
[0007] Furthermore, a thermometer jack a is provided at the top of the tower body for measuring the temperature of the pure gas finally discharged from the gas phase collecting port.
[0008] Furthermore, a thermometer jack b extending into the liquid at the bottom of the tower is provided at the bottom of the tower body for detecting the temperature of the liquid to be discharged through the liquid phase collection port.
[0009] Furthermore, the vertical heat exchange tube is arranged at the upper end of the feed port, and a plurality of vertical heat exchange tubes are arranged side by side, and a rotatable baffle is arranged on the outer side of the two outermost vertical heat exchange tubes.
[0010] Furthermore, the horizontal heat exchange tube is horizontally arranged just above the vertical heat exchange tube.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0012] (1) The utility model uses a three-stage heat exchange plus reboiling method to separate and purify the mixture, and finally obtains a pure separation product.
[0013] (2) The utility model first uses vertical heat exchange tubes for rapid heat exchange, and then uses horizontal heat exchange tubes for comprehensive heat exchange, which greatly improves separation efficiency and reduces energy loss.
[0014] (3) The utility model sets the reboiler between the horizontal heat exchange tubes, and accurately purifies and separates substances with close boiling points through the method of heat exchange-reboiling-heat exchange, which greatly improves the purity of the product obtained by the entire device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the drainage effect of the inclination angle of the baffle of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the reboiler heating gas flow.
[0018] The accompanying drawings are marked as: 1. gas phase collecting port; 2. thermometer socket a; 3. reboiler; 4. horizontal heat exchange tube; 5. tower body; 6. vertical heat exchange tube; 7. baffle; 8. thermometer socket b; 9. feed port; 10. liquid phase collecting port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0020] A distillation column comprises a tower body 5, a vertical heat exchange tube 6, a reboiler 3, a horizontal heat exchange tube 4, a gas phase collecting port 1 and a liquid phase collecting port 10; a thermometer jack b8, a feed port 9, a vertical heat exchange tube 6, a baffle 7, a horizontal heat exchange tube 4, a reboiler 3 and a thermometer jack a2 are sequentially arranged in the tower body 5 from bottom to top.
[0021] The vertical heat exchange tube 6 is arranged at the upper end of the feed port 9, and several vertical heat exchange tubes 6 are arranged side by side. A rotatable baffle plate 7 is arranged on the outer side of the two outermost vertical heat exchange tubes 6. When the air flow velocity is fast, part of the air flow close to the inner wall of the tower body may not have time to contact the vertical heat exchange tube for heat exchange and be carried away. The baffle plate 7 will deflect the angle to guide the air flow close to the inner wall of the tower body to the vertical heat exchange tube 6, thereby promoting heat exchange. The horizontal heat exchange tubes 4 are horizontally arranged just above the vertical heat exchange tubes 6, and a reboiler 3 is also arranged in the middle of several horizontal heat exchange tubes to heat and reboil the airflow entering the horizontal heat exchange tubes, and the separation effect of the substances is further enhanced through the separation of heat exchange-reboiling-heat exchange; a thermometer socket a2 is arranged at the top of the tower body 5 to measure the temperature of the pure gas finally discharged from the gas phase collecting port 1; and a thermometer socket b8 extending to the liquid inside the bottom of the tower is arranged at the bottom of the tower body 5 to detect the temperature of the liquid to be discharged through the liquid phase collecting port 10.
[0022] Working principle of the utility model: When the gaseous raw materials after preliminary distillation enter the tower body 5 from the feed port 9, the first natural cooling and separation will be carried out. The low-boiling-point substances in the gaseous raw materials still exist in the gaseous state, while the high-boiling-point substances lose the heat provided by the heat source, and the temperature gradually decreases, gradually liquefies into liquid substances, and settles to the bottom of the tower. After the first natural cooling and separation, the gaseous substances rise rapidly under the drive of a continuous airflow, and reach between the vertical heat exchange tubes 6. After the heat exchange effect of a series of vertical heat exchange tubes 6, the gaseous substances are further cooled. At this time, the substances with higher boiling points lose heat due to heat exchange, and their own temperature drops below the boiling point, and they quickly liquefy into water and flow into the bottom of the tower along the wall of the vertical heat exchange tube 6. A rotatable baffle 7 is also provided on the outermost side of the vertical heat exchange tube 6. When the airflow velocity is faster, the baffle 7 will tilt at an angle, such as Figure 2 As shown, more airflow is directed to the vertical heat exchange tubes 6 for heat exchange.
[0023] After the gaseous substance has been heat-exchanged by the vertical heat exchange tube 6, there may still be a small amount of substances with higher boiling points. As the gaseous substance continues to flow upward, it reaches the horizontal heat exchange tube 4 located on the upper part of the vertical heat exchange tube 6. The horizontal heat exchange tube 4 will further heat-exchange the gaseous substance. Since the horizontal heat exchange tube 4 is set horizontally, it ensures full contact and heat exchange with the gaseous substance. At this time, the substances with higher boiling points in the gaseous substance will be fully heat-exchanged, liquefied into water, and finally flow into the bottom of the tower. After the heat exchange by the horizontal heat exchange tube 4, the overall temperature of the gaseous substance is lower than the initial temperature. At this time, the reboiler 3 set between the horizontal heat exchange tubes 4 will heat and reboil the gaseous substance. Figure 3As shown, the gaseous substances with similar boiling points are reheated, and the reheated gaseous substances continue to move upward and exchange heat again through the horizontal heat exchange tube 4 to separate the substances with similar boiling points. The temperature of the gaseous substances can be measured through the thermometer socket a 2. Finally, the obtained pure gas will be discharged from the tower body 5 through the gas phase collection port 1, and the liquid will eventually gather at the bottom of the tower and can be collected through the liquid phase collection port 10. The temperature of the discharged liquid can be measured through the thermometer socket b 8.
[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A distillation column, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tower body (5), a vertical heat exchange tube (6), a reboiler (3) and a horizontal heat exchange tube (4); the vertical heat exchange tube (6) is arranged vertically and side by side in the middle and lower part of the tower body (5); the horizontal heat exchange tube (4) is placed horizontally in the middle and upper part of the tower body (5); the reboiler (3) is arranged between the horizontal heat exchange tubes (4), so as to realize heat exchange-reboiling-heat exchange treatment on the mixed gas, thereby achieving accurate separation and purification of the mixture.
2. The distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that The tower body (5) is provided with a thermometer socket b (8), a feed port (9), a vertical heat exchange tube (6), a baffle (7), a horizontal heat exchange tube (4), a reboiler (3) and a thermometer socket a (2) in sequence from bottom to top.
3. The distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the tower body (5) is provided with a thermometer socket a (2) for measuring the temperature of the pure gas finally discharged from the gas phase collecting port (1).
4. The distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the tower body (5) is provided with a thermometer socket b (8) extending into the liquid at the bottom of the tower, for detecting the temperature of the liquid to be discharged through the liquid phase collection port (10).
5. The distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical heat exchange tube (6) is arranged at the upper end of the feed port (9), and a plurality of vertical heat exchange tubes (6) are arranged side by side. Rotatable baffle plates (7) are arranged on the outer sides of the two outermost vertical heat exchange tubes (6).
6. The distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal heat exchange tube (4) is horizontally arranged directly above the vertical heat exchange tube (6).