Pre-assembled inverted arch lining structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a pre-assembled inverted arch lining structure which comprises a prefabricated inverted arch assembly, an inverted arch positioning assembly and two prefabricated arch foot bases arranged on the two sides of the inverted arch positioning assembly respectively. The prefabricated inverted arch assembly comprises a middle inverted arch assembly and two side inverted arch assemblies connected to the two sides of the middle inverted arch assembly respectively, and each side inverted arch assembly is connected with the corresponding prefabricated arch foot base. The inverted arch positioning assembly comprises an arc-shaped positioning frame with an upward opening, the two ends of the arc-shaped positioning frame are connected with the corresponding prefabricated arch foot bases respectively, and the prefabricated inverted arch assembly is installed on the top of the arc-shaped positioning frame. The method can effectively avoid the quality defects such as pavement cracking, sedimentation and mud overflowing, plate breaking and upheaval, the gap between the prefabricated inverted arch and the surrounding rock is grouted to ensure compactness, stress concentration at the inverted arch is reduced, and the durability of the whole service life of the tunnel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnels, in particular to a pre-assembled invert lining structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, the drilling and blasting method is still the main construction method for tunnel construction, especially mountain tunnels, and the tunnel lining structure is mainly cast-in-place. However, the cast-in-place structure is easily affected by factors such as on-site construction conditions, external environment, construction personnel and natural disasters during the construction process. During the operation period, the cast-in-place structure is prone to tunnel pavement cracking, settlement and mud, broken plates, uplift and other diseases. Most of these diseases are caused by the damage of the invert structure built to enhance the overall stability of the tunnel. This is also the disadvantage of the cast-in-place technology used to cast the invert of highway tunnels in my country. The traditional cast-in-place invert has problems such as complex construction procedures, looseness between the surrounding rock and the initial support, uneven lining concrete strength and untimely structural load bearing. Therefore, a new type of invert structure is urgently needed to solve the current problems.

[0003] Due to its standardized production method, prefabricated structure is conducive to saving resources, reducing construction pollution, improving the working environment, reducing the workload in the tunnel, reducing the labor cost of on-site construction, improving labor productivity, ensuring construction quality and safety and many other advantages. At present, prefabricated structure has been widely used in shield tunnels, open-cut tunnels, subway stations, prefabricated pipe galleries and other fields. However, in mountain tunnels excavated by drilling and blasting, over-excavation and under-excavation are inevitable in the drilling and blasting method. For tunnels with serious over-excavation and under-excavation, prefabricated lining is difficult to implement. Even if it can be assembled, it will greatly increase the grouting volume, thereby increasing the project cost. At present, the application of prefabricated lining in this scenario is almost zero.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a pre-assembled invert lining structure to solve or at least alleviate the above defects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a pre-assembled inverted arch lining structure to solve the technical problem that the assembled inverted arch lining in the prior art is difficult to be applied to mountain tunnels.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a pre-assembled inverted arch lining structure, comprising a prefabricated inverted arch assembly, an inverted arch positioning assembly and two prefabricated arch foot bases respectively arranged on both sides of the inverted arch positioning assembly, wherein:

[0007] The prefabricated inverted arch assembly comprises a central inverted arch assembly and two side inverted arch assemblies respectively connected to the two sides of the central inverted arch assembly, each of the side inverted arch assemblies is connected to a corresponding prefabricated arch foot base; the inverted arch positioning assembly comprises an arc-shaped positioning frame with an opening facing upward, the two ends of the arc-shaped positioning frame are respectively connected to the corresponding prefabricated arch foot base, and the prefabricated inverted arch assembly is installed on the top of the arc-shaped positioning frame.

[0008] Preferably, the middle inverted arch assembly is provided with a first reserved hole extending along its own extension direction, each of the side inverted arch assembly is provided with a second reserved hole extending along its own extension direction and a drainage channel, the drainage channel is located outside the second reserved hole, and each of the side inverted arch assembly is also pre-buried with a first transverse drainage pipe connected to the second reserved hole, and the first transverse drainage pipe has a drainage slope toward the drainage channel;

[0009] The middle inverted arch assembly is provided with a first grouting groove at the edge close to the side inverted arch assembly, and the side inverted arch assembly is provided with a second grouting groove corresponding to the first grouting groove at the edge close to the middle inverted arch assembly. The first grouting groove and the second grouting groove are spliced ​​and surrounded to form a grouting hole extending in the vertical direction. The grouting hole and the arc-shaped positioning frame are staggered in position, and foam concrete is filled between the surrounding rock and the inverted arch lining assembly through the grouting hole to form a grouting filling layer.

[0010] Preferably, each of the prefabricated inverted arch components corresponds to a plurality of arc-shaped positioning frames arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[0011] Preferably, the length of each prefabricated inverted arch assembly along the extension direction of the tunnel is 2m, the spacing distance between two adjacent arc-shaped positioning frames along the extension direction of the tunnel is set to 2m, and the ends of two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch assemblies are overlapped on the same arc-shaped positioning frame.

[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped positioning frame includes an arc-shaped T-shaped steel with an opening upward and two connecting steel plates respectively welded to the two ends of the arc-shaped T-shaped steel, the connecting steel plate is provided with a first connecting hole, and the prefabricated arch foot base is reserved with a first positioning hole corresponding to the first connecting hole one by one, and the connecting steel plate is positioned and connected to the prefabricated arch foot base by a first bolt passing through the first connecting hole and the first positioning hole.

[0013] Preferably, the prefabricated arch foot base is provided with a second positioning hole, the side arch assembly is provided with a second connecting hole corresponding to the second positioning hole, and the side arch assembly is positioned and connected to the prefabricated arch foot base by a second bolt penetrating the second connecting hole and the second positioning hole.

[0014] Preferably, the middle inverted arch assembly and the side inverted arch assembly are both provided with grid-shaped grouting grooves on the bottom surfaces.

[0015] Preferably, the prefabricated arch foot base is provided with a longitudinal drainage hole extending along its own extension direction and a vertical seepage hole connected to the longitudinal drainage hole. The prefabricated arch foot base is also pre-buried with a second transverse drainage pipe connecting the longitudinal drainage hole and the first transverse drainage pipe, and the second transverse drainage pipe has a drainage slope toward the first transverse drainage pipe.

[0016] Preferably, there are a plurality of vertical water seepage holes, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the interval distance between two adjacent vertical water seepage holes is set to 40 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the side inverted arch assembly is connected to the middle inverted arch assembly via a third bolt.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The utility model provides a pre-assembled invert lining structure, which provides a new idea for the upgrading of tunnel invert design and construction industry. Compared with cast-in-place structures, the present application can effectively avoid quality defects such as road cracking, settlement and mud, broken plates, and bulges. Grouting is used to ensure the compactness of the gap between the prefabricated invert and the surrounding rock, reduce stress concentration at the invert, and improve the durability of the whole life of the tunnel. At the same time, the present application can adopt the solution of centralized prefabrication in the factory and direct assembly on site, which greatly improves the construction process of mountain tunnels, improves the efficacy, reduces the reliance on on-site labor, simplifies the construction links, shortens the construction period, and is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions from tunnel construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic elevation view of a prefabricated inverted arch assembly in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a plan view of a plurality of prefabricated inverted arch components after being spliced ​​in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a bottom unfolding schematic diagram of a prefabricated inverted arch assembly in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the inverted arch positioning assembly and the prefabricated arch foot base in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the inverted arch positioning assembly and the prefabricated arch foot base in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The view along the A direction;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated arch foot base in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the side inverted arch assembly and the middle inverted arch assembly in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the BB direction;

[0030] Fig.10 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the CC direction.

[0031] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0033] 10. Prefabricated inverted arch assembly; 110. Central inverted arch assembly; 111. First reserved hole; 120. Side inverted arch assembly; 121. Second reserved hole; 122. Drainage channel; 123. First transverse drainage pipe; 130. Grouting hole; 140. Grid-shaped grouting groove; 20. Inverted arch positioning assembly; 210. Arc-shaped positioning frame; 211. Arc-shaped T-shaped steel; 212. Connecting steel plate; 213. First connecting hole; 214. First bolt; 220. Third bolt; 230. Reserved bolt hole; 30. Prefabricated arch foot base; 310. Second positioning hole; 320. Vertical seepage hole; 330. Second transverse drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as described in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0038] Please see attached Figures 1 to 10 A preassembled inverted arch lining structure in one embodiment provided by the utility model comprises a prefabricated inverted arch assembly 10, an inverted arch positioning assembly 20 and two prefabricated arch foot bases 30 respectively arranged on both sides of the inverted arch positioning assembly 20, wherein the two prefabricated arch foot bases 30 are arranged opposite to each other in the transverse direction of the tunnel.

[0039] The prefabricated inverted arch assembly 10 includes a central inverted arch assembly 110 and two side inverted arch assemblies 120 respectively connected to the two sides of the central inverted arch assembly 110, each of the side inverted arch assemblies 120 is connected to a corresponding prefabricated arch foot base 30; the inverted arch positioning assembly 20 includes an arc-shaped positioning frame 210 with an opening facing upward, the two ends of the arc-shaped positioning frame 210 are respectively connected to the corresponding prefabricated arch foot base 30, and the prefabricated inverted arch assembly 10 is installed on the top of the arc-shaped positioning frame 210.

[0040] It is worth noting that the prefabricated inverted arch assembly 10 is designed with ease of transportation and installation in mind, so the component units should not be too large or too heavy. In a preferred example, the prefabricated inverted arch assembly 10 is divided into three parts, a middle inverted arch assembly 110, and two side inverted arch assemblies 120, respectively disposed on both sides of the middle inverted arch assembly 110, and a box girder structure similar to that of a bridge is used internally, with a first reserved hole 111 or a second reserved hole 121 reserved to reduce counterweight. In addition, in a preferred example, considering that the prefabricated inverted arch assembly 10 is functionally partitioned, the left and right side inverted arch assemblies 120 are used to arrange cable trenches and drainage trenches, and the middle block is used as the road surface. This can avoid construction joints in the middle of the lane and reduce the risk of road surface damage in the later stage.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the central arch assembly 110 is provided with a first reserved hole 111 extending along its own extension direction, and each of the side arch assembly 120 is provided with a second reserved hole 121 extending along its own extension direction and a drainage channel 122, wherein the drainage channel 122 is located on the outside of the second reserved hole 121, and each of the side arch assembly 120 is also pre-buried with a first transverse drainage pipe 123 connected to the second reserved hole 121, and the first transverse drainage pipe 123 has a drainage slope toward the drainage channel 122; the drainage slope is preferably set to be not less than 2%.

[0042] The middle inverted arch assembly 110 is provided with a first grouting groove (not shown) at the edge close to the side inverted arch assembly 120, and the side inverted arch assembly 120 is provided with a second grouting groove (not shown) corresponding to the first grouting groove at the edge close to the middle inverted arch assembly 110. The first grouting groove and the second grouting groove are spliced ​​and surrounded to form a grouting hole 130 extending in the vertical direction. The grouting hole 130 and the arc-shaped positioning frame 210 are staggered in position, and the foam concrete is filled between the surrounding rock and the inverted arch lining assembly through the grouting hole 130 to form a grouting filling layer (not shown).

[0043] Specifically, after the middle invert arch assembly 110 and the side invert arch assembly 120 are assembled, foam concrete is filled outward (toward the bottom surrounding rock side) through the grouting hole 130, preferably polystyrene, to ensure the density between the invert arch and the bottom surrounding rock, release the stress of the surrounding rock, and solve the problems caused by over-excavation and under-excavation.

[0044] As an optional implementation, each of the prefabricated inverted arch assemblies 10 corresponds to a plurality of arc-shaped positioning frames 210 arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel. Specifically, the number and spacing of the arc-shaped positioning frames 210 can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0045] As another optional embodiment, the length of each prefabricated inverted arch assembly 10 along the extension direction of the tunnel is 2m, the interval between two adjacent arc-shaped positioning frames 210 along the extension direction of the tunnel is set to 2m, and the ends of two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch assemblies 10 are overlapped on the same arc-shaped positioning frame 210. That is, the transition part between two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch assemblies 10 is overlapped on the same arc-shaped positioning frame 210, so that the use of materials can be saved on the basis of ensuring the support function.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped positioning frame 210 includes an arc-shaped T-shaped steel 211 with an opening upward and two connecting steel plates 212 respectively welded to the two ends of the arc-shaped T-shaped steel 211, the connecting steel plate 212 is provided with a first connecting hole 213, the prefabricated arch foot base 30 is reserved with a first positioning hole (not shown) corresponding to the first connecting hole 213, and the connecting steel plate 212 is positioned and connected to the prefabricated arch foot base 30 by passing through the first connecting hole 213 and the first positioning hole through a first bolt 214. The connection stability can be improved by connecting the connecting steel plate 212 to the prefabricated arch foot base 30.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the prefabricated arch foot base 30 is pre-set with a second positioning hole 310, and the side inverted arch assembly 120 is pre-set with a second positioning hole 310 (not shown) corresponding to the second positioning hole 310, and the side inverted arch assembly 120 is positioned and connected with the prefabricated arch foot base 30 by a second bolt penetrating the second connection hole and the second positioning hole 310. During installation, the prefabricated arch foot base 30 can be installed in advance at the target position of the tunnel arch foot by the second bolt penetrating the second connection hole and the second positioning hole 310 with the prefabricated arch foot base 30, for example, by bolting it to a concrete cushion layer pre-cast at the tunnel arch foot position, thereby ensuring the positioning and installation accuracy of the side inverted arch assembly 120.

[0048] Furthermore, the middle inverted arch assembly 110 and the side inverted arch assembly 120 are both provided with grid-shaped grouting grooves 140 on their bottom surfaces. It is worth noting that the grid-shaped grouting grooves 140 are provided on the bottom surfaces of the middle inverted arch assembly 110 and the side inverted arch assembly 120, so that the foam concrete can have better fluidity during grouting and ensure uniform distribution of the slurry.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the prefabricated arch foot base 30 is provided with a longitudinal drainage hole (not shown) extending along its own extension direction and a vertical seepage hole 320 connected to the longitudinal drainage hole. The prefabricated arch foot base 30 is also pre-buried with a second transverse drainage pipe 330 connecting the longitudinal drainage hole and the first transverse drainage pipe 123. The second transverse drainage pipe 330 has a drainage slope toward the first transverse drainage pipe 123.

[0050] As a preferred example, the number of the vertical seepage holes 320 is multiple, and the multiple vertical seepage holes 320 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the interval between two adjacent vertical seepage holes 320 is set to 40 cm. Specifically, the number and positions of the vertical seepage holes 320 can be set by those skilled in the art as needed, for example, the interval between two adjacent vertical seepage holes 320 is set to 40 cm, and the multiple vertical seepage holes 320 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[0051] It is worth noting that the conventional waterproofing measure for tunnels is to use waterproofing membranes with initial support and full paving. The waterproofing membranes are made of flexible materials, which are easily damaged during construction, leading to water leakage and causing other tunnel diseases. In the technical solution of this application, the vertical seepage holes 320 drain water into the longitudinal drainage holes in the prefabricated arch foot base 30, and then the second transverse drainage pipe 330 connects to the first transverse drainage pipe 123, and then enters the lateral drainage channel 122, forming a smooth drainage path. The drainage slope can adopt the slope generally used in tunnel drainage in the prior art, which changes the drainage method of the existing tunnel lining structure.

[0052] Furthermore, the side inverted arch assembly 120 is connected to the middle inverted arch assembly 110 by a third bolt 220. For details, please refer to Figure 8-10 The side inverted arch assembly 120 and the middle inverted arch assembly 110 are connected by a third bolt 220, which is an inclined bolt. A reserved bolt hole 230 is reserved in the side inverted arch assembly 120 for the third bolt 220 to pass through, and a corresponding reserved bolt hole 230 is opened in the middle inverted arch assembly 110, thereby realizing the connection between the side inverted arch assembly 120 and the middle inverted arch assembly 110.

[0053] Compared with cast-in-place structures, this application can effectively avoid quality defects such as road cracking, settlement and mud, broken plates, and bulges. Grouting is used to ensure the compactness of the gap between the prefabricated invert and the surrounding rock, reduce stress concentration at the invert, and improve the durability of the tunnel throughout its life. At the same time, this application can adopt a solution of centralized prefabrication in the factory and direct assembly on site, which greatly improves the construction process of mountain tunnels, improves efficiency, reduces reliance on on-site labor, simplifies construction links, and shortens the construction period, which is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions from tunnel construction.

[0054] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-assembled invert lining structure, characterized in that: It comprises a prefabricated inverted arch assembly, an inverted arch positioning assembly and two prefabricated arch foot bases respectively arranged on both sides of the inverted arch positioning assembly, wherein: The prefabricated inverted arch assembly comprises a central inverted arch assembly and two side inverted arch assemblies respectively connected to the two sides of the central inverted arch assembly, each of the side inverted arch assemblies is connected to a corresponding prefabricated arch foot base; the inverted arch positioning assembly comprises an arc-shaped positioning frame with an opening facing upward, the two ends of the arc-shaped positioning frame are respectively connected to the corresponding prefabricated arch foot base, and the prefabricated inverted arch assembly is installed on the top of the arc-shaped positioning frame.

2. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle inverted arch assembly is provided with a first reserved hole extending along its own extension direction, each of the side inverted arch assemblies is provided with a second reserved hole extending along its own extension direction and a drainage channel, the drainage channel is located outside the second reserved hole, and each of the side inverted arch assemblies is also pre-buried with a first transverse drainage pipe connected to the second reserved hole, and the first transverse drainage pipe has a drainage slope toward the drainage channel; The middle inverted arch assembly is provided with a first grouting groove at the edge close to the side inverted arch assembly, and the side inverted arch assembly is provided with a second grouting groove corresponding to the first grouting groove at the edge close to the middle inverted arch assembly. The first grouting groove and the second grouting groove are spliced ​​and surrounded to form a grouting hole extending in the vertical direction. The grouting hole and the arc-shaped positioning frame are staggered in position, and foam concrete is filled between the surrounding rock and the inverted arch lining assembly through the grouting hole to form a grouting filling layer.

3. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the prefabricated inverted arch components corresponds to a plurality of arc-shaped positioning frames arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel.

4. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of each prefabricated inverted arch assembly along the extension direction of the tunnel is 2m, the spacing distance between two adjacent arc-shaped positioning frames along the extension direction of the tunnel is set to 2m, and the ends of two adjacent prefabricated inverted arch assemblies are overlapped on the same arc-shaped positioning frame.

5. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped positioning frame includes an arc-shaped T-shaped steel with an opening upward and two connecting steel plates respectively welded to the two ends of the arc-shaped T-shaped steel, the connecting steel plate is provided with a first connecting hole, and the prefabricated arch foot base is reserved with a first positioning hole corresponding to the first connecting hole one by one, and the connecting steel plate is positioned and connected to the prefabricated arch foot base by a first bolt passing through the first connecting hole and the first positioning hole.

6. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prefabricated arch foot base is provided with a second positioning hole, and the side arch assembly is provided with a second connecting hole corresponding to the second positioning hole. The side arch assembly is positioned and connected to the prefabricated arch foot base by a second bolt penetrating the second connecting hole and the second positioning hole.

7. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle inverted arch assembly and the side inverted arch assembly are both provided with grid-shaped grouting grooves on the bottom surfaces.

8. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prefabricated arch foot base is provided with a longitudinal drainage hole extending along its own extension direction and a vertical seepage hole connected to the longitudinal drainage hole. The prefabricated arch foot base is also pre-buried with a second transverse drainage pipe connecting the longitudinal drainage hole and the first transverse drainage pipe, and the second transverse drainage pipe has a drainage slope toward the first transverse drainage pipe.

9. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are multiple vertical water seepage holes, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the interval distance between two adjacent vertical water seepage holes is set to 40 cm.

10. The pre-assembled invert lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side inverted arch assembly is connected to the middle inverted arch assembly via a third bolt.

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