Additive manufacturing structure and device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing. The utility model discloses an additive manufacturing structure and device, and the structure comprises a stirring needle, the stirring needle comprises a crushing part and a stirring part arranged at the lower end of the crushing part, and the exterior of the crushing part is provided with three spiral grooves which extend along the axial direction of the crushing part; the shaft shoulder is arranged on the stirring needle in a sleeving mode, and a stirring head of the stirring part extends to the position below the shaft shoulder; the supporting cover is fixed to the upper end of the shaft shoulder and arranged on the stirring needle in a sleeving mode, at least one feeding port is formed in the outer wall of the upper portion of the supporting cover, and a smashing cavity is formed between the supporting cover and the upper portion of the smashing part. According to the technical scheme, the stirring needle with the spiral groove is adopted to melt metal powder and particles at high temperature, so that the metal powder and particles become metal fluid, additive manufacturing is conducted through the stirring head, and additive layers can be combined more tightly and are not prone to being separated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to an additive manufacturing structure. Background Art

[0002] Patent No. "201810235551.4" discloses a wire-stirring friction additive manufacturing device and an additive manufacturing method, and specifically discloses that the device includes a stirring needle, a shoulder, a wire and a substrate, the wire is placed in the wire feeding hole inside the stirring needle, the end of the wire extends from the side wall of the stirring needle, the stirring needle is inserted into the axial through hole inside the shoulder, the lower end face of the stirring needle is flush with the lower end face of the shoulder, there is a top forging force between the shoulder and the substrate, the outer surface of the side wall of the stirring needle is machined with a spiral groove, the spiral groove extends to the lower end face of the stirring needle, forming a notch as a discharge port, and the axial through hole wall inside the shoulder and the lower end face of the shoulder are both machined with spiral grooves. During additive manufacturing, the shoulder rotates and moves on the surface of the substrate to be added, the stirring needle does not rotate, the wire is thermally plasticized and flows out under the action of the spiral groove, diffuses and deposits on the surface of the substrate to be added. The device and method can improve material utilization and manufacturing efficiency, and solve the problems of large processing allowance and low material utilization in stir friction additive manufacturing.

[0003] However, when using this wire-filling additive method, the lower end face of the stirring needle is flush with the lower end face of the shoulder. Although additive manufacturing can be achieved, the working form of this method during the stacking process is similar to stacking and paving, which makes the tightness of the bonding between the additive layers poor. At the same time, in many cases, the softening degree of the wire will also greatly affect the additive manufacturing in the wire-filling additive method, and a heating mechanism needs to be set up to heat it, which has a complicated structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an additive manufacturing structure, which heats and melts metal powder or metal particles through a high-speed rotating stirring needle, and then makes the combination between additive layers tighter through the stirring head of the stirring needle.

[0005] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An additively manufactured structure comprising:

[0007] A stirring needle, the stirring needle comprising a crushing part and a stirring part arranged at the lower end of the crushing part, the crushing part is provided with three spiral grooves extending along its axial direction on the outside;

[0008] A shaft shoulder, sleeved on the stirring needle, wherein the stirring head of the stirring part extends to the bottom of the shaft shoulder;

[0009] A support cover is fixed to the upper end of the shaft shoulder and sleeved on the stirring needle. The upper outer wall of the support cover is provided with at least one feeding port. A crushing cavity is formed between the support cover and the upper part of the crushing part.

[0010] A further preferred solution of the technical solution is: a conical feeding surface is provided inside the support cover, and the feeding surface is located at the lower end of the feeding port;

[0011] A clamping portion is provided at the upper end of the crushing portion, a transition portion is provided between the crushing portion and the clamping portion, and the transition portion protrudes from the crushing portion.

[0012] A further preferred solution of the present technical solution is that a blocking member is further provided at the lower end of the transition portion, and the blocking member is used to prevent powder or particles from splashing.

[0013] A further preferred solution of the present technical solution is that the blocking member is a conical structure, and the bottom of the blocking member extends to above the feeding surface.

[0014] A further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution is as follows: a crushing piece is further provided in the crushing chamber, the crushing piece protrudes from the inner wall of the support cover, the crushing piece is spiral, the spiral direction of the crushing piece is the same as the spiral direction of the spiral groove, and the crushing piece does not contact the crushing portion.

[0015] A further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution is as follows: a flow cavity is formed between the shaft shoulder and the lower part of the crushing part, and the lower part of the flow cavity is a conical structure.

[0016] A further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution is as follows: a groove is provided around the middle of the shaft shoulder, a heating wire is fixed in the groove, and the heating wire is used to heat the shaft shoulder.

[0017] A further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution is as follows: the stirring head is of a conical structure, and a spiral guide groove extending along the axial direction of the stirring head is disposed on the outside of the stirring head; and the bottom of the stirring head is a plane.

[0018] A further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution is that the outer side wall of the stirring head has three beveled surfaces.

[0019] An additive manufacturing device comprises the additive manufacturing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

[0020] The utility model discloses an additive manufacturing structure and device. Compared with the prior art:

[0021] 1. This technical solution uses a stirring needle with a spiral groove to melt metal powder and particles at high temperature, turning them into metal fluid. When additive manufacturing is performed through a stirring head, the additive layers can be more tightly combined and not easily separated;

[0022] 2. This technical solution uses the setting of the crushing cavity and the combination of the crushing piece and the spiral groove to make the powder and particles fully melt into a fluid state at high temperature, and the crushing piece and the spiral groove guide the flow, which is convenient for subsequent additive manufacturing;

[0023] 3. This technical solution can achieve sufficient stirring and improve material fluidity by setting the beveled surface at the stirring head, so as to make the combination between the additive layers tighter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the additive manufacturing structure of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 It is an exploded diagram of the additive manufacturing structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the additive manufacturing structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the stirring head of the additive manufacturing structure of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 5 The invention provides an improvement on the support cover of the additive manufacturing structure of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 6 The utility model provides an improvement on the stirring needle of the additive manufacturing structure.

[0030] The numbers and letters in the figure represent the corresponding component names:

[0031] Among them: 100, stirring needle; 200, crushing part; 300, stirring part; 201, spiral groove; 302, spiral guide groove; 303, beveled surface; 400, shaft shoulder; 500, support cover; 501, feed inlet; 502, feed surface; 503, crushing part; 600, crushing cavity; 700, clamping part; 800, transition part; 801, blocking part; 900, flow cavity; 110, locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods. Among them, the accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions, and only represent schematic diagrams rather than physical drawings, and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the utility model, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted.

[0033] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an additive manufacturing structure includes: a stirring needle 100, wherein the stirring needle 100 includes a crushing part 200 and a stirring part 300 arranged at the lower end of the crushing part 200, and the outside of the crushing part 200 is provided with three spiral grooves 201 extending along its axial direction; the crushing part 200 is a cylindrical structure, and there is also a transition end between the crushing part 200 and the stirring part 300, and the transition end is a conical structure; a shoulder 400, which is sleeved on the stirring needle 100, and the stirring head 301 of the stirring part 300 extends to the bottom of the shoulder 400; a support cover 500, which is fixed to the upper end of the shoulder 400 and sleeved on the stirring needle 100, and the upper outer wall of the support cover 500 is provided with at least one feeding port 501, and a crushing cavity 600 is formed between the support cover 500 and the upper part of the crushing part 200. In the above technical scheme, when additive manufacturing is performed, first, metal powder or metal particles are introduced into the protective cover 500 from the feed port 501, and then heat is generated by the high-speed rotation of the stirring needle 100, and three spiral grooves 201 are set on the outside of the crushing part 200, so that the metal powder or metal particles are melted in a high-temperature environment. The setting of the spiral grooves 201 can also make the metal powder or metal particles collide with the protective cover 500 and the crushing part 200 under the condition of high-speed rotation inside to generate heat and melt. At the same time, the spiral grooves 201 also guide the metal liquid after high-temperature melting, and then the metal fluid flows out from the bottom of the shoulder 400 to perform the additive process. In addition, during the additive process, continuous stirring is performed by the stirring head 301, so that the metal bonding in the stacked state is tighter.

[0035] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a conical feeding surface 502 is provided inside the support cover 500, and the feeding surface 502 is located at the lower end of the feeding port 501; metal powder or metal particles are fed from the feeding port 501 and guided by the feeding surface 502, so that the powder or particles can smoothly enter the pulverizing cavity;

[0036] A clamping portion 700 is provided at the upper end of the crushing portion 200, and a transition portion 800 is provided between the crushing portion 200 and the clamping portion 700, and the transition portion 800 protrudes from the crushing portion 200; the clamping portion 700 is mainly used to connect a driving mechanism, which controls the stirring needle 100 to rotate at a high speed. The setting of the transition portion 800 can ensure the overall strength of the stirring needle 100. At the same time, since the transition portion 800 protrudes from the crushing portion 200, the transition portion 800 can also prevent the powder, particles or fluid inside the crushing cavity 600 from splashing to the outside to a large extent; it is worth noting that the crushing cavity 600 shown is an annular cavity.

[0037] See also Figure 6 As shown, a blocking member 801 is also provided at the lower end of the transition portion 800, and the blocking member 801 is used to prevent powder or particles from splashing; the blocking member 801 is a conical structure, and the bottom of the blocking member 801 extends to above the feeding surface 502; in the above technical solution, the blocking member 801 is a conical structure, and the blocking member 801 can also be considered as a trumpet-shaped structure, and the blocking member 801 protrudes from the outside of the crushing portion 200 and extends to above the feeding surface 502, thereby isolating the crushing cavity 600 to prevent splashing.

[0038] See also Figure 6 As shown, as an improvement of the protective cover 500, a crushing piece 503 is further provided in the crushing cavity 600, and the crushing piece 503 protrudes from the inner wall of the support cover 500, and the crushing piece 503 is spiral, and the spiral direction of the crushing piece 503 is the same as the spiral direction of the spiral groove 201, and the crushing piece 503 does not contact the crushing part 200; in the above technical scheme, the crushing piece 503 is spiral, which can not only guide the metal fluid, but also cooperate with the spiral groove 201 to make the metal powder or metal particles collide in the crushing cavity 600 to generate heat, so as to ensure that the metal powder and particles inside the crushing cavity 600 become metal fluid under high-speed rotation as much as possible.

[0039] See also Figure 3 As shown, a flow cavity 900 is formed between the shoulder 400 and the lower part of the crushing part 200, and the lower part of the flow cavity 900 is a conical structure; the upper part of the flow cavity 900 is an annular structure, and the lower part of the flow cavity 900 is the conical cavity formed between the transition end and the shoulder 400.

[0040] As a further optimization scheme for the shoulder 400, a groove is provided in the middle ring of the shoulder 400, and a heating wire is fixed in the groove, and the heating wire is used to heat the shoulder 400; the heating device at the shoulder 400 is used for heating, and if the metal powder or metal particles have not completely turned into a fluid state in the grinding chamber 600, they can be heated by the heating device of the shoulder 400.

[0041] See also Figure 4 As shown, the stirring head 301 is a conical structure, and the outside of the stirring head 301 is provided with a spiral guide groove 302 extending along its axial direction; the bottom of the stirring head 301 is a plane; the outer side wall of the stirring head 301 has three beveled surfaces 303; the function of the guide groove 302 is to guide the flow. Since the fluidity of the material of the conical stirring head 301 is poor during additive manufacturing, the material can be fully stirred by providing three beveled surfaces 303, so that the material has better fluidity and better fusion, thereby making the combination between the additive layers tighter.

[0042] An additive manufacturing device comprises the additive manufacturing structure mentioned above.

[0043] It is worth noting that the additive manufacturing structure of this technical solution adopts a static shoulder solution, that is, the stirring needle rotates at high speed while the shoulder remains stationary.

[0044] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the additive manufacturing structure also includes a locking nut 110, which is used to fix the shoulder 400 and the protective cover 500. The outer wall of the shoulder 400 protrudes with a stepped surface, and the locking nut 110 has an opening, which is used to place the shoulder 400 in the locking nut 110 and pass the locking nut 110. The stepped surface at the shoulder 400 can prevent the shoulder 400 from being separated from the locking nut 110. The top of the shoulder 400 is provided with two symmetrical grooves, and correspondingly, the bottom of the protective cover 500 is provided with protrusions at the positions corresponding to the grooves, so that the shoulder 400 and the protective cover 500 can be matched. During the installation process, the shoulder 400 is first matched and connected with the protective cover 500, and then the locking nut 110 is put on the outside of the shoulder 400 from bottom to top, and the thread on the inner wall of the locking nut 110 is matched with the thread on the outer wall of the protective cover 500 to achieve threaded connection, thereby achieving fixation.

[0045] The above are only preferred specific implementation methods of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical scheme and utility model concept of the utility model, should be covered by the protection scope of the utility model.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing structure, characterized in that: include: A stirring needle (100), the stirring needle (100) comprising a crushing part (200) and a stirring part (300) arranged at the lower end of the crushing part (200), the crushing part (200) being provided with three spiral grooves (201) extending along its axial direction on the outside; A shaft shoulder (400) is sleeved on the stirring needle (100), and the stirring head (301) of the stirring part (300) extends to the bottom of the shaft shoulder (400); A support cover (500) is fixed to the upper end of the shaft shoulder (400) and sleeved on the stirring needle (100). The upper outer wall of the support cover (500) is provided with at least one feed inlet (501). A pulverizing chamber (600) is formed between the support cover (500) and the upper part of the pulverizing part (200).

2. An additive manufacturing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical material feeding surface (502) is provided inside the support cover (500), and the material feeding surface (502) is located at the lower end of the material feeding port (501); A clamping portion (700) is provided at the upper end of the crushing portion (200), a transition portion (800) is provided between the crushing portion (200) and the clamping portion (700), and the transition portion (800) protrudes from the crushing portion (200).

3. An additive manufacturing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A blocking member (801) is also provided at the lower end of the transition portion (800), and the blocking member (801) is used to prevent powder or particles from splashing.

4. An additive manufacturing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blocking member (801) is a conical structure, and the bottom of the blocking member (801) extends above the feeding surface (502).

5. The additive manufacturing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crushing piece (503) is also provided in the crushing cavity (600), and the crushing piece (503) protrudes from the inner wall of the support cover (500). The crushing piece (503) is spiral-shaped, and the spiral direction of the crushing piece (503) is the same as the spiral direction of the spiral groove (201). The crushing piece (503) does not contact the crushing part (200).

6. The additive manufacturing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow cavity (900) is formed between the shaft shoulder (400) and the lower part of the crushing part (200), and the lower part of the flow cavity (900) is a conical structure.

7. An additive manufacturing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A groove is formed in the middle of the shaft shoulder (400), and a heating wire is fixed in the groove. The heating wire is used to heat the shaft shoulder (400).

8. The additive manufacturing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring head (301) is of a conical structure, and a spiral guide groove (302) extending along its axial direction is provided on the outside of the stirring head (301); the bottom of the stirring head (301) is a plane.

9. An additive manufacturing structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the stirring head (301) has three chamfered surfaces (303).

10. An additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an additive manufacturing structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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