Laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing
By designing the laser emission chamber, powder injection chamber and gas chamber in the printhead of the metal additive manufacturing laser, and spraying anti-oxidation gas, the problem of metal oxidation in the metal additive manufacturing process is solved and the quality of the finished product is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420318694.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-21
AI Technical Summary
During the metal heating process, metal additive manufacturing lasers are susceptible to the influence of surrounding gases to undergo oxidation reactions, resulting in defects in the finished product.
A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing is designed, adopting the internal structure of the print head, including a laser emission chamber, a powder injection chamber and an air chamber. By spraying anti-oxidation gas and spraying it perpendicular to the laser direction, the gas should be avoided directly affecting the melt pool.
It effectively prevents metal from oxidizing during heating, improves the quality of the finished product, and avoids airflow affecting the shape of the metal.
Smart Images
Figure CN222552175U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of 3D metal printing technology, and specifically relates to a laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing. Background Art
[0002] Metal additive manufacturing laser is a laser device used for metal additive manufacturing. It heats metal powder to the melting point through the focus of a high-energy laser beam, and accurately melts and solidifies the metal to form a complex three-dimensional structure. Metal additive manufacturing laser also has a wide range of applications, such as aerospace, automotive industry, medical equipment and other fields, and is considered to be one of the future development directions of the manufacturing industry.
[0003] The laser metal 3D printing devices currently on the market can use lasers to heat metal powders, forming a melting point on the surface of the printing table, and then move the printing device to print. However, during the heating process, the metal is easily affected by the surrounding gas and undergoes an oxidation reaction, resulting in defects in the printed product. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing in order to solve the problem that the laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing proposed above is easily affected by the surrounding gas during the metal heating process to produce an oxidation reaction, resulting in defects in the printed product.
[0005] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing, comprising a transmission chamber, a mounting platform installed inside the transmission chamber, a laser fixedly installed on the top of the mounting platform, a connecting tube fixedly connected to the bottom end of the laser, a print head fixedly connected to the top of the print head and the side end of the connecting tube, a mounting seat fixedly connected to the top of the print head and below the mounting seat, a powder injection chamber is opened inside the print head and below the mounting seat, a laser emission chamber is opened inside the print head and below the connecting tube, an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top side end of the print head, an air cavity is opened inside the print head and at the side end of the air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the print head and below the air cavity.
[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple sets of electric transmission devices are installed inside the transmission chamber, which can drive the installation platform to move forward, backward, left and right, and then drive the printing device inside the installation platform to move. The laser on the top of the installation platform is used to generate laser for printing and melting metal powder, the connecting pipe is used to generate laser, the print head is used to install the laser, metal powder and anti-oxidation device in adjacent positions, the mounting seat on the surface of the print head can install the feed pipe on the side end of the connecting pipe, and the side end air intake pipe of the print head can deliver the anti-oxidation gas to the inside of the print head. The laser emission cavity opened at the central position of the print head is used to provide the position where the laser is generated, and four powder injection cavities are opened inside the print head and outside the laser emission cavity for transmitting metal powder. The four powder injection cavities are obliquely inwardly directed at the central extension line of the bottom end of the print head, and the metal powder will be delivered to the laser, and then melted by the laser. The two air cavities opened inside the print head are located at the outer end of the powder injection cavity. When the gas in the air cavity is ejected, it will move toward the side end of the print head under the guidance of the air outlet pipe. The injection direction of the gas is perpendicular to the direction of the laser. The gas near the molten pool can be taken away by the gas ejected from the outlet pipe, while avoiding the situation where the gas is directly sprayed onto the surface of the printed object, which can prevent metal oxidation and prevent the airflow from affecting the shaping of the metal.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a feed pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting seat, and a powder delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the feed pipe.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the powder feeding pipe can deliver the metal powder that has been screened from the outside to the inside of the transmission chamber, and then deliver it to the mounting seat through the feeding pipe. The feeding pipe can move together with the printing device.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a compressed gas tank is fixedly installed at the top of the air inlet pipe and located at the top of the transmission chamber.
[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the interior of the compressed gas tank is used to store gas for preventing metal oxidation. By spraying the gas near the molten pool, the metal can be prevented from being oxidized during the plastic process.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a printing chamber is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transmission chamber, a chassis is fixedly installed at the bottom of the printing chamber, a support frame is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of the printing chamber, and a printing table is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the interior of the printing chamber is used to place and install the printing device. The chassis plays a supporting role. The printing table is located below the print head, and the metal powder can be heated and printed on the surface of the printing table.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a cleaning plate is slidably connected to the surface of the printing table, an electric slide rail is fixedly installed on the side end of the printing chamber, and a cleaning plate is installed inside the electric slide rail.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the electric slide rail installed on the side end of the printing chamber can drive the cleaning plate to move back and forth, and then the cleaning plate can move back and forth on the surface of the printing table, which is used to clean the surface of the printing table before and after printing to prevent contamination during printing.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a ventilation groove is provided at the side end of the printing chamber, a ventilator is fixedly installed at the side end of the printing chamber close to the ventilation groove, and a ventilation pipe is fixedly connected to the side end of the ventilator.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the ventilation slot can allow the exhaust gas and anti-oxidation gas generated during printing to be discharged together with the ventilator. When the device is idle, in order to maintain the cleanliness of the interior of the printing room, the interior of the printing room can be regularly ventilated using the ventilator and the ventilation pipe.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a hinge is fixedly installed at the front end of the printing chamber, and an observation door and window is rotatably connected to the front end of the printing chamber through the hinge.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, during printing, the interior of the printing room can be observed through the observation door and window, and after printing is completed, the observation door and window can be rotated through the hinge to facilitate the staff to take out the printed matter.
[0019] In a preferred embodiment, a control console is fixedly installed at the front end of the transmission chamber.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the console can facilitate the staff to control the printing device.
[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this application are:
[0022] 1. In the present application, the interior of the compressed gas tank is used to store gas to prevent metal oxidation. By spraying the gas near the molten pool, the metal can be prevented from being oxidized during the plastic process. The powder delivery pipe can deliver the metal powder that has been screened from the outside to the inside of the transmission chamber, and then to the mounting seat through the feed pipe. The feed pipe can move with the movement of the printing device. The laser emission chamber opened at the central position of the interior of the print head is used to provide the position where the laser is generated. Four powder injection chambers are arranged inside the print head and outside the laser emission chamber for transmitting metal powder. The four powder injection chambers are obliquely inwardly directed at the central extension line of the bottom end of the print head, and the metal powder will be sent to the laser, and then melted by the laser. The two air chambers opened inside the print head are located at the outer end of the powder injection chamber. When the gas in the air chamber is ejected, it will move toward the side end of the print head under the guidance of the outlet pipe. The injection direction of the gas is perpendicular to the direction of the laser. The gas near the molten pool can be taken away by the gas ejected from the outlet pipe, while avoiding the situation where the gas is directly sprayed onto the surface of the printed object, which can prevent metal oxidation and prevent the airflow from affecting the shaping of the metal.
[0023] 2. The electric slide rail installed at the side of the printing room can drive the cleaning plate to move forward and backward, and then move the cleaning plate forward and backward on the surface of the printing table, which is used to clean the surface of the printing table before and after printing to prevent contamination during printing. The ventilation slot allows the exhaust gas and anti-oxidation gas generated during printing to be discharged together with the ventilator. When the device is idle, the ventilator and ventilation pipe can be used to regularly ventilate the inside of the printing room to maintain the cleanliness of the inside of the printing room. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the metal laser printing device in this application;
[0025] Figure 2 This is the internal structure diagram of the printing room in this application;
[0026] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the laser and some adjacent structures in this application;
[0027] Figure 4 A plan view of the print head and some of its adjacent structures in this application;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the anti-oxidation gas and printing direction in this application.
[0029] Markings in the figure: 1. Chassis; 2. Printing room; 3. Transmission room; 4. Control console; 5. Powder feed pipe; 6. Compressed gas tank; 7. Hinge; 8. Observation door and window; 9. Ventilator; 10. Ventilation pipe; 11. Support frame; 12. Printing table; 13. Cleaning plate; 14. Electric slide rail; 15. Ventilation trough; 16. Print head; 17. Connecting pipe; 18. Laser; 19. Mounting table; 20. Inlet pipe; 21. Feed pipe; 22. Mounting seat; 23. Laser emission chamber; 24. Powder injection chamber; 25. Air cavity; 26. Exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] Example:
[0032] Reference Figure 1-5A laser device suitable for metal additive manufacturing includes a transmission chamber 3, a mounting platform 19 is installed inside the transmission chamber 3, a laser 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting platform 19, a connecting pipe 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the laser 18, a print head 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting pipe 17, a mounting seat 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the print head 16 and located at the side of the connecting pipe 17, a powder injection cavity 24 is opened inside the print head 16 and located below the mounting seat 22, a laser emission cavity 23 is opened inside the print head 16 and located below the connecting pipe 17, an air inlet pipe 20 is fixedly connected to the top side of the print head 16, an air cavity 25 is opened inside the print head 16 and located at the side of the air inlet pipe 20, and an air outlet pipe 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the print head 16 and located below the air cavity 25. Multiple sets of electric transmission devices are installed inside the transmission chamber 3, which can drive the mounting platform 19 to move forward, backward, left and right, and then drive the printing device in the mounting platform 19 to move. The laser 18 on the top of the mounting platform 19 is used to generate laser for printing and melting metal powder, the connecting tube 17 is used to generate laser, the print head 16 is used to install the laser, metal powder and anti-oxidation device in adjacent positions, the mounting seat 22 on the surface of the print head 16 can install the feed pipe 21 on the side end of the connecting tube 17, and the side end air inlet pipe 20 of the print head 16 can deliver the anti-oxidation gas to the inside of the print head 16. The laser emission chamber 23 opened at the central position of the inside of the print head 16 is used to provide a position for laser generation, and four powder injection chambers 24 are opened inside the print head 16 and outside the laser emission chamber 23 for transmitting metal powder. The four powder injection chambers 24 are obliquely inwardly directed at the central extension line of the bottom end of the print head 16 to deliver the metal powder to the laser, and then melted by the laser. The two air chambers 25 opened inside the print head 16 are located at the outer end of the powder injection chamber 24. When the gas in the air chamber 25 is ejected, it will move toward the side end of the print head 16 under the guidance of the air outlet pipe 26. The gas jet direction is perpendicular to the laser direction, so that the gas near the molten pool can be taken away by the gas jetted from the gas outlet pipe 26, while avoiding the situation where the gas is directly jetted onto the surface of the printed object, which can prevent metal oxidation and prevent the airflow from affecting the shaping of the metal.
[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The top of the mounting seat 22 is fixedly connected with a feed pipe 21, and the top of the feed pipe 21 is fixedly connected with a powder delivery pipe 5. The powder delivery pipe 5 can deliver the metal powder after screening from the outside to the inside of the transmission chamber 3, and deliver it to the mounting seat 22 through the feed pipe 21. The feed pipe 21 can move with the movement of the printing device.
[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3A compressed gas tank 6 is fixedly installed at the top of the air inlet pipe 20 and at the top of the transmission chamber 3. The compressed gas tank 6 is used to store gas to prevent metal oxidation. By spraying the gas near the molten pool, the metal can be prevented from being oxidized during the plastic process.
[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bottom of the transmission chamber 3 is fixedly installed with a printing chamber 2, the bottom of the printing chamber 2 is fixedly installed with a chassis 1, the bottom of the printing chamber 2 is fixedly connected with a support frame 11, and the top of the support frame 11 is fixedly installed with a printing table 12. The interior of the printing chamber 2 is used to place and install the printing device. The chassis 1 plays a supporting role. The position of the printing table 12 is located below the print head 16, and the metal powder can be heated and printed on the surface of the printing table 12.
[0036] Reference Figure 2 A cleaning plate 13 is slidably connected to the surface of the printing table 12, and an electric slide rail 14 is fixedly installed at the side end of the printing chamber 2, and the cleaning plate 13 is installed inside the electric slide rail 14. The electric slide rail 14 installed at the side end of the printing chamber 2 can drive the cleaning plate 13 to move forward and backward, and then the cleaning plate 13 moves forward and backward on the surface of the printing table 12, which is used to clean the surface of the printing table 12 before and after printing to prevent contamination during printing.
[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The side end of the printing chamber 2 is provided with a ventilation groove 15, and a ventilator 9 is fixedly installed on the side end of the printing chamber 2 and close to the ventilation groove 15. The side end of the ventilator 9 is fixedly connected with a ventilation pipe 10. The ventilation groove 15 allows the exhaust gas and the anti-oxidation gas generated during printing to be discharged together with the ventilator 9. When the device is idle, in order to maintain the cleanliness of the inside of the printing chamber 2, the ventilator 9 and the ventilation pipe 10 can be used to ventilate the inside of the printing chamber 2 regularly.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 The front end of the printing chamber 2 is fixedly provided with a hinge 7, and the front end of the printing chamber 2 is rotatably connected with an observation door and window 8 through the hinge 7. During printing, the interior of the printing chamber 2 can be observed through the observation door and window 8, and after printing, the observation door and window 8 can be rotated through the hinge 7, so that the staff can take out the printed matter conveniently.
[0039] Reference Figure 1 A control console 4 is fixedly installed at the front end of the transmission chamber 3. The control console 4 can facilitate the staff to control the printing device.
[0040] The implementation principle of a laser embodiment suitable for metal additive manufacturing in the present application is as follows: multiple groups of electric transmission devices are installed inside the transmission chamber 3, which can drive the mounting platform 19 to move forward, backward, left and right, and then drive the printing device inside the mounting platform 19 to move. The laser 18 on the top of the mounting platform 19 is used to generate laser for printing and melting metal powder, the connecting pipe 17 is used to generate laser, the print head 16 is used to install the laser, metal powder and anti-oxidation device in adjacent positions, the mounting seat 22 on the surface of the print head 16 can install the feed pipe 21 on the side end of the connecting pipe 17, and the side end air intake pipe 20 of the print head 16 can deliver the anti-oxidation gas to the inside of the print head 16. The laser emission chamber 23 opened at the central position of the print head 16 is used to provide a position for laser generation, and four powder injection chambers 24 are installed inside the print head 16 and outside the laser emission chamber 23 for transmitting metal powder. The four powder injection chambers 24 are obliquely inwardly directed at the central extension line of the bottom end of the print head 16, and the metal powder will be delivered to the laser, and then melted by the laser. The two air cavities 25 opened inside the print head 16 are located at the outer end of the powder injection cavity 24. When the gas in the air cavity 25 is ejected, it will move toward the side end of the print head 16 under the guidance of the gas outlet pipe 26. The injection direction of the gas is perpendicular to the direction of the laser. The gas near the molten pool can be taken away by the gas ejected from the gas outlet pipe 26, while avoiding the situation where the gas is directly ejected onto the surface of the printed object, which can prevent metal oxidation and prevent the airflow from affecting the shaping of the metal.
[0041] The electric slide rail 14 installed at the side end of the printing chamber 2 can drive the cleaning plate 13 to move forward and backward, and then the cleaning plate 13 can move forward and backward on the surface of the printing table 12, which is used to clean the surface of the printing table 12 before and after printing to prevent contamination during printing. The ventilation slot 15 allows the exhaust gas and anti-oxidation gas generated during printing to be discharged together with the ventilator 9. When the device is idle, in order to maintain the cleanliness of the inside of the printing chamber 2, the ventilator 9 and the ventilation pipe 10 can be used to ventilate the inside of the printing chamber 2 regularly. This device can spray anti-oxidation gas near the molten pool of metal printing, while preventing the gas from directly impacting the surface of the printed object, thereby improving the quality of the finished product of the printed object.
[0042] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. A laser device suitable for metal additive manufacturing, comprising a transmission chamber (3), characterized in that: A mounting platform (19) is installed inside the transmission chamber (3), a laser (18) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting platform (19), a connecting pipe (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the laser (18), a printing head (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting pipe (17), a mounting seat (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the printing head (16) and located at the side end of the connecting pipe (17), a powder injection chamber (24) is provided inside the printing head (16) and located below the mounting seat (22), a laser emission chamber (23) is provided inside the printing head (16) and located below the connecting pipe (17), an air inlet pipe (20) is fixedly connected to the top side end of the printing head (16), an air cavity (25) is provided inside the printing head (16) and located at the side end of the air inlet pipe (20), and an air outlet pipe (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the printing head (16) and located below the air cavity (25).
2. A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mounting seat (22) is fixedly connected to a feed pipe (21), and the top end of the feed pipe (21) is fixedly connected to a powder delivery pipe (5).
3. A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A compressed gas tank (6) is fixedly mounted on the top of the air inlet pipe (20) and located on the top of the transmission chamber (3).
4. A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A printing chamber (2) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the transmission chamber (3), a chassis (1) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the printing chamber (2), a support frame (11) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom end of the printing chamber (2), and a printing platform (12) is fixedly mounted at the top of the support frame (11).
5. A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the printing table (12) is slidably connected with a cleaning plate (13), the side end of the printing chamber (2) is fixedly installed with an electric slide rail (14), and the cleaning plate (13) is installed inside the electric slide rail (14).
6. A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A ventilation groove (15) is provided at the side end of the printing chamber (2), a ventilation machine (9) is fixedly installed at the side end of the printing chamber (2) and close to the ventilation groove (15), and a ventilation pipe (10) is fixedly connected to the side end of the ventilation machine (9).
7. A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A hinge (7) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the printing chamber (2), and an observation door and window (8) is rotatably connected to the front end of the printing chamber (2) via the hinge (7).
8. A laser suitable for metal additive manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A control console (4) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the transmission chamber (3).