Pneumatic locking mechanism for battery rack and vehicle body of electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pneumatic locking mechanism for an electric car battery rack and a car body and belongs to the technical field of electric car parts. According to the pneumatic locking mechanism for the battery rack and the vehicle body of the electric vehicle, the piston rod of the rotary air cylinder drives the connecting shaft, so that the locking head connected with the connecting shaft is controlled to rotate, and a battery replacing system is unlocked and locked. An unlocking groove hole matched with the top of a locking head is formed in a lower support of a battery frame, a single-side locking clamping block is arranged on the lower support of the battery frame on the edge of the unlocking groove hole, the lower support of the battery frame and a vehicle body frame are arranged in a locking gap between the head and the tail of the locking head, and a connecting shaft is installed at the bottom end of the locking head through a locking end pin. The top end of a piston rod of the air cylinder is inserted into an adjusting groove in the lower end of the connecting shaft and connected through a fixing pin. According to the pneumatic locking device, the size of the pneumatic locking device can be reduced, and meanwhile the requirement for pneumatic locking is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle parts. Background Art

[0002] The power of electric vehicles is provided by battery modules, which are installed in battery module racks, and then the battery module racks are installed on the vehicle body. Many existing installation methods use multiple bolts to install the battery module rack on the vehicle body. Since the battery module rack with the battery module is heavy, the bolts often loosen in long-term bumpy environments, and the stability is poor. Correspondingly, some of them use the existing conventional cylinder (linear motion cylinder) method for fastening. The locking device is too large and occupies a large space in the vehicle layout. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to drive the connecting shaft by rotating the cylinder piston rod, thereby controlling the rotation of the locking head connected to the connecting shaft, and to unlock and lock the battery rack and body pneumatic locking mechanism of the electric vehicle for the power exchange system.

[0004] The utility model has an unlocking slot matched with the top of the locking head on the lower bracket of the battery frame, and a single-side locking block is arranged on the lower bracket of the battery frame at the two edges of the unlocking slot. The lower bracket of the battery frame and the vehicle body frame are placed between the locking gap between the head and the tail of the locking head; a connecting shaft is installed at the bottom end of the locking head through a locking end pin, the top end of the piston rod of the cylinder is inserted into the adjusting slot at the lower end of the connecting shaft and connected through a fixing pin, a mounting plate is installed on the cylinder body of the cylinder, the mounting plate is fixedly installed on the vehicle body, a sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod of the cylinder and the connecting shaft, and the lower end of the sleeve is installed on the mounting plate The upper end is in contact with the bottom end of the locking head; a sliding pin is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the cylinder, and a sliding pin groove is arranged on the piston rod of the cylinder corresponding to the sliding pin; the piston at the lower end of the piston rod of the cylinder is placed in the cavity at the lower part of the cylinder, and a separating sealing ring is arranged in the middle part of the piston inside the cylinder; a left-handed inflation groove is arranged at the lower end of the piston inside the cylinder, and a left-handed inflation port is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder corresponding to the left-handed inflation groove; a right-handed inflation groove is arranged at the upper end of the piston inside the cylinder, and a right-handed inflation port is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder corresponding to the right-handed inflation groove; the lower surface of the head of the locking head and the upper surface of the single-sided locking block are arranged as slope surfaces.

[0005] The utility model can reduce the volume of the pneumatic locking device and meet the requirements of pneumatic locking at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure (locked state, closed state) of the utility model;

[0007] Figure 2 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0008] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 AA section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The utility model provides a small-sized pneumatic locking device and control method for a power exchange system. The connecting shaft is driven by a rotating cylinder piston rod, thereby controlling the rotation of a locking head connected to the connecting shaft to unlock and lock the power exchange system. After the whole vehicle is assembled, the unlocking and locking states of each locking mechanism can be detected by a micro switch, and the whole vehicle can be controlled by the state of the locking mechanism.

[0010] The utility model provides an unlocking slot 1 matching the top of the locking head 3 on the lower bracket 4 of the battery frame. In order to facilitate locking, the head of the upper end of the locking head 3 is generally set to be a rectangle. In this way, the unlocking slot 1 is also correspondingly set to be a rectangle. The hole circumference of the unlocking slot 1 is slightly larger than the outer circumference of the head of the locking head 3. When the locking head 3 is in an unlocked state (that is, the head of the locking head 3 is separated from the unlocking slot 1 and contacts with the single-sided locking block 2, and its surroundings completely correspond to the holes of the unlocking slot 1), the head of the locking head 3 can pass through the unlocking slot 1, that is, the locking of the lower bracket 4 of the battery frame by the locking head 3 is released.

[0011] There are single-sided locking blocks 2 on the battery frame lower bracket 4 on both sides of the unlocking slot 1. The battery frame lower bracket 4 and the vehicle body frame 5 are placed between the locking gap 9 between the head and tail of the locking head 3. The single-sided locking block 2 is a structure that clamps the head of the locking head 3. The single-sided locking block 2 is set to have a retaining wall on one side and no retaining wall on the other side (see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in the locked state), when locking is required, the locking head 3 is rotated to make it enter from the side of the single-sided locking block 2 without the retaining wall until it is blocked by the side with the retaining wall. The rotation at this time is basically a 90-degree rotation, so that the battery frame lower bracket 4 and the vehicle body frame 5 are firmly clamped and fixed as a whole through the head and tail of the rotating locking head 3. The vehicle body frame 5 is fixed on the vehicle body, which is convenient for installing the frame structure of the battery frame lower bracket 4.

[0012] The following is the cylinder control structure for controlling the locking head 3 to rotate to complete unlocking or locking:

[0013] A connecting shaft 21 is installed at the bottom end of the locking head 3 through a locking end pin 10 . The connecting shaft 21 is a connecting piece, and the upper end thereof is inserted into the locking head 3 and fixed by the locking end pin 10 .

[0014] The top of the piston rod of the cylinder 6 is inserted into the adjusting groove 11 at the lower end of the connecting shaft 21 and connected by a fixing pin 20. There is a vacant space between the adjusting groove 11 and the top of the piston rod. When the piston rod rotates, there will be a slight axial ( Figure 3 The free space is the space left for the axial movement of the piston rod, but the radial ( Figure 3 The piston rod 22 and the locking head 3 are connected by a fixing pin 20, so when the piston rod rotates, the connecting shaft 21 and the locking head 3 rotate synchronously. During the rotation, the piston rod may cause a slight axial displacement (axial movement, which can also be understood as the piston rod being inserted or pulled out of the adjusting groove 11) with the fixing pin 20.

[0015] A mounting plate 7 is installed on the cylinder body of the cylinder 6, and the mounting plate 7 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body. A sleeve 19 is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod of the cylinder 6 and the connecting shaft 21. The lower end of the sleeve 19 is mounted on the mounting plate 7, and the upper end is in contact with the bottom end of the locking head 3. The mounting plate 7 is a mechanism for mounting the cylinder on the vehicle body, and the sleeve 19 is sleeved on the outside where the piston rod is connected to the connecting shaft 21 to protect it as much as possible.

[0016] A sliding pin 12 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the cylinder 6, and a sliding pin groove 13 is provided on the piston rod of the cylinder 6 corresponding to the sliding pin 12. The sliding pin 12 is inserted into the sliding pin groove 13. The sliding pin groove 13 does not need to be too long, as long as it is ensured that the piston rod can rotate 90 degrees. The sliding pin groove 13 can also be understood as a spiral groove, which is a spiral groove opened on the piston rod, similar to the form of a spring. In this way, when the sliding pin 12 is fixed, the piston rod will rotate and rise or fall under the cooperation of the sliding pin 12 and the sliding pin groove 13. The minimum slope of the sliding pin groove 13 is set to ensure that the piston rod can rotate 90 degrees during the rising or falling process.

[0017] The piston at the lower end of the piston rod of the cylinder 6 is placed in the cavity at the lower part of the cylinder 6. A separation seal ring 16 is installed in the middle of the piston inside the cylinder 6. The piston rod and the piston inside the cylinder 6 are integrated and move synchronously. The separation seal ring 16 is a sealing rubber ring, which divides the inside of the cylinder 6 into two upper and lower cavities as much as possible.

[0018] A left-handed charging groove 18 is provided at the lower end of the piston inside the cylinder 6, and a left-handed charging port 17 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder 6 corresponding to the left-handed charging groove 18; a right-handed charging groove 14 is provided at the upper end of the piston inside the cylinder 6, and a right-handed charging port 15 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder 6 corresponding to the right-handed charging groove 14; the left-handed charging port 17 and the right-handed charging port 15 are ports for providing gas to the lower chamber or the upper chamber in the cylinder 6 respectively, and are connected to the air source outside. When the left-handed charging port 17 inflates the left-handed charging groove 18 (at this time, the gas in the upper chamber of the cylinder 6 (right-handed charging groove 14) is discharged to the outside through the right-handed charging port 15), the piston will be squeezed to rise by the action of air pressure, and the piston will also rise with the piston rod. Under the cooperation of the sliding pin 12 and the sliding pin groove 13, the piston rod rises and rotates. When the right-handed charging port 15 inflates the right-handed charging groove 14 (at this time, the gas in the lower chamber of the cylinder 6 (the left-handed charging groove 18) is discharged outward through the left-handed charging port 17), the piston will be squeezed down by the air pressure, and the piston will move down with the piston rod. Under the cooperation of the sliding pin 12 and the sliding pin groove 13, the piston rod will move down and rotate.

[0019] Through the above-mentioned upward rotation and downward rotation, the locking head 3 can be rotated by air pressure. Since the upward or downward movement of the piston rod is adjusted by the adjustment groove 11, the locking head 3 can only receive rotation. As for which direction of the locking head 3 is unlocked or locked, it can be set according to actual conditions. The utility model sets the downward rotation (when the right-handed inflation port 15 is the inflation port and the left-handed inflation port 17 is the deflation port) as locking, and the upward rotation (when the right-handed inflation port 15 is the deflation port and the left-handed inflation port 17 is the inflation port) as unlocking.

[0020] The lower surface of the head of the locking head 3 and the upper surface of the single-sided locking block 2 are set as a slope surface 8. The two slope surfaces are set correspondingly to each other. The slope surface 8 means that the lower surface of the head of the locking head 3 and the upper surface of the single-sided locking block 2 are in contact with each other at the entrance end, and the rear end after contact is a high slope surface. This structural design can facilitate the locking head 3 to better buckle on the single-sided locking block 2.

Claims

1. A pneumatic locking mechanism between a battery rack and a vehicle body of an electric vehicle, characterized in that: An unlocking slot (1) matching the top of the locking head (3) is formed on the battery frame lower bracket (4), and a single-side locking block (2) is provided on the battery frame lower bracket (4) at both sides of the unlocking slot (1). The battery frame lower bracket (4) and the vehicle body frame (5) are placed between the locking gap (9) between the head and the tail of the locking head (3); a connecting shaft (21) is installed at the bottom end of the locking head (3) through a locking pin (10), the top end of the piston rod of the cylinder (6) is inserted into the adjustment slot (11) at the lower end of the connecting shaft (21) and connected through a fixing pin (20), a mounting plate (7) is installed on the cylinder body of the cylinder (6), and the mounting plate (7) is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body, and a sleeve (19) is sleeved on the piston rod of the cylinder (6) and the outer side of the connecting shaft (21), and the lower end of the sleeve (19) is mounted on the mounting plate (7). The upper end of the cylinder (6) contacts the bottom end of the locking head (3); a sliding pin (12) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body of the cylinder (6); a sliding pin groove (13) is provided on the piston rod of the cylinder (6) corresponding to the sliding pin (12); a piston at the lower end of the piston rod of the cylinder (6) is placed in the cavity at the lower part of the cylinder (6); a separating sealing ring (16) is sleeved on the middle part of the piston inside the cylinder (6); a left-handed charging groove (18) is provided at the lower end of the piston inside the cylinder (6); a left-handed charging port (17) is provided on the side wall of the cylinder (6) corresponding to the left-handed charging groove (18); a right-handed charging groove (14) is provided at the upper end of the piston inside the cylinder (6); a right-handed charging port (15) is provided on the side wall of the cylinder (6) corresponding to the right-handed charging groove (14); the lower surface of the head of the locking head (3) and the upper surface of the single-sided locking block (2) are arranged as a slope surface (8).

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