Battery array, battery module and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery array, a battery module and an energy storage system, the battery array comprises a plurality of single batteries and at least one buffer device, the buffer device is arranged between two adjacent single batteries, and the buffer device comprises a fixed plate and at least one elastic piece. Therefore, the single batteries are restrained through contact extrusion between the single batteries and the buffer device, the buffer device can play a role in fixing and limiting the single batteries, the restraining force borne by the multiple single batteries is balanced, and the buffer device is small in size, simple in structure and convenient to use. Application of a mounting structure for fixing the single batteries in the battery array can be avoided, the space utilization rate of the battery array is improved, the number of the single batteries is increased, and the energy storage capacity of the battery array is improved. The buffer device provides an elastic space for the expansion of the single battery when the single battery is excessively expanded in the circulating process, so that the phenomena of polarization increase, poor power performance and the like of the single battery due to overlarge expansion stress of the single battery are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery array, a battery module and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the energy storage system includes a plurality of module-free battery modules. Since the energy storage box included in the energy storage system is relatively long, the restraint force on both ends of the central single cell included in the module-free battery module structure in the length direction of the energy storage box will be reduced, resulting in insufficient restraint force on the middle single cell and excessive restraint force on the single cells at both ends. This is an unbalanced restraint state, which reduces the consistency of the battery and easily causes thermal expansion of the single cell. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the first purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery array that can improve the space utilization and energy storage capacity of the battery array.

[0004] The second objective of the present invention is to provide a battery module, comprising the battery array, the first side plate and the second side plate described in the above embodiment.

[0005] The third object of the present utility model is to provide an energy storage system, comprising the battery module and the control system described in the above embodiment.

[0006] The battery array according to the first embodiment of the utility model comprises: a plurality of single cells and at least one buffer device, wherein the buffer device is arranged between two adjacent single cells, and the buffer device comprises a fixing plate and at least one elastic member, wherein the elastic member is arranged on the fixing plate.

[0007] According to the battery array of the embodiment of the utility model, the single cell is restrained by the contact and compression between the single cell and the buffer device. The buffer device can play a role of fixing and limiting the single cell, balancing the restraining force between multiple single cells, and the buffer device is small in size and simple in structure, which can avoid the use of mounting structures for fixing single cells in the battery array, improve the space utilization of the battery array, increase the number of single cells, and improve the energy storage capacity of the battery array. The buffer device can provide an elastic space for the expansion of the single cell when the single cell expands excessively during the cycle of the single cell, prevent the single cell from excessively expanding due to the expansion stress, avoid the increase of polarization of the single cell, and deterioration of the power performance. At the same time, as a self-supporting structure, the single cell has low requirements on the rigidity and strength of the base plate, which can reduce the number of mounting structures and simplify the assembly process, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery array.

[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of the single cells are placed side by side, and the buffer device is retractably stopped between two adjacent single cells along the arrangement direction of the plurality of the single cells.

[0009] In some embodiments, each of the buffer devices includes two fixing plates, the two fixing plates are arranged between two adjacent single batteries, and the elastic member is arranged between the two fixing plates.

[0010] In some embodiments, the area of ​​one side surface of the single cell in the arrangement direction of the multiple single cells is S1, and the area of ​​one side surface of the fixing plate in the arrangement direction of the multiple single cells is S2, and S1 and S2 satisfy: 0.7≤S1 / S2≤1.5.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of elastic members, and the plurality of elastic members are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the single battery cells.

[0012] In some embodiments, the elastic member is a spring.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of the single cells are placed side by side along a first direction, and an explosion-proof valve is provided at one end of the plurality of the single cells along a second direction of the single cells, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the battery array further comprises an exhaust member, and the exhaust member is provided at one end of the plurality of the single cells along the second direction, and the exhaust member is opposite to the explosion-proof valve of the plurality of the single cells.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed on a side of the exhaust member facing the single battery, and the plurality of exhaust holes are respectively opposite to the plurality of explosion-proof valves.

[0015] In some embodiments, an exhaust channel is defined in the exhaust member, and the exhaust channel passes through the single battery along the first direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the length of the single battery is L, the height is H, and the thickness is D, wherein 4≤L / H≤28; 23≤L / D≤208.

[0017] In some embodiments, the length of the single battery is L, and L satisfies: 500mm≤L≤3000mm.

[0018] According to the battery module of the second aspect embodiment of the utility model, it includes: at least one battery array, a first side plate and a second side plate, the battery array is the battery array according to the first aspect embodiment of the utility model; the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of multiple single batteries of the battery array, and the battery array is arranged between the first side plate and the second side plate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the system further includes: at least one pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is disposed on the first side plate or the second side plate, and the pressure sensor is opposite to the battery array.

[0020] In some embodiments, the normal pressure of the battery array is P, and P satisfies: 0.8Mpa≤P≤5Mpa.

[0021] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of battery arrays, and the plurality of battery arrays are arranged along a third direction of the single battery, and the third direction is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction of the single battery.

[0022] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: at least one heat exchange plate, wherein the heat exchange plate is disposed between two adjacent battery arrays.

[0023] In some embodiments, it further includes: a plurality of end plates, a top plate and a bottom plate, each of the battery arrays is provided with the end plates at both ends along the length direction of the single battery, and the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the plurality of battery arrays.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention, an energy storage system includes: at least one battery module and a control system, the battery module is the battery module according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, and the control system is electrically connected to the battery module.

[0025] In some embodiments, there are multiple battery modules, and all of the multiple battery modules are electrically connected to the control system.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an explosion of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an explosion of a battery module according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a front view schematic diagram of a battery array according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a single cell according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a buffer device according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of an exhaust component according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of an end plate according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the energy storage system according to the embodiment of the utility model.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 100. Battery module;

[0040] 10. Battery array; 11. Single battery; 111. Explosion-proof valve; 12. Exhaust member; 121. Exhaust hole; 122. Exhaust channel;

[0041] 20. Buffer device; 21. Fixing plate; 22. Elastic member;

[0042] 30. First side plate; 31. Second side plate; 32. Pressure sensor; 33. Heat exchange plate; 34. End plate; 35. Top plate; 36. Bottom plate;

[0043] 40. Control system;

[0044] 200. Energy storage system;

[0045] A. First direction; B. Second direction; C. Third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. Figure 1-Figure 10The battery array 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described, comprising: a plurality of single batteries 11 and at least one buffer device 20. The battery array 10 has a first direction A, a second direction B and a third direction C.

[0047] Specifically, if Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the buffer device 20 is disposed between two adjacent single batteries 11 . The buffer device 20 includes a fixing plate 21 and at least one elastic member 22 . The elastic member 22 is disposed on the fixing plate 21 .

[0048] Combination Figure 1-4 The battery array 10 includes a plurality of single cells 11, which are arranged at intervals along a first direction A. The buffer device 20 is arranged between adjacent single cells 11. The two side surfaces of the buffer device 20 along the first direction A are respectively abutted against the side surfaces of two adjacent single cells 11 that are close to each other along the first direction A. The buffer device 20 has a certain elasticity and can undergo a certain recoverable elastic deformation. After a long period of charge and discharge cycle or high-temperature storage, the single cell 11 will undergo a certain expansion deformation. If the single cell 11 expands excessively, it is easy to cause excessive electrical expansion stress of the single cell 11. The setting of the buffer device 20 can relieve the expansion stress of the single cell 11. The fixing plate 21 of the buffer device 20 is suitable for abutting against the single cell 11 to avoid stress concentration on the single cell 11. The elastic member 22 abuts against the fixing plate 21. The elastic member 22 can undergo a certain expansion deformation in the first direction A to drive the fixing plate 21 to move. The buffer device 20 uses the elasticity of the elastic member 22 to relieve the expansion stress of the single cell 11.

[0049] According to the battery array 10 of the embodiment of the utility model, the single cell 11 is restrained by the contact and compression between the single cell 11 and the buffer device 20. The buffer device 20 can play a role of fixing and limiting the single cell 11, balancing the restraining force between the multiple single cells 11, and the buffer device 20 is small in size and simple in structure, which can avoid the use of the mounting structure for fixing the single cell 11 in the battery array 10, improve the space utilization of the battery array 10, increase the number of single cells 11, and improve the energy storage capacity of the battery array 10. The buffer device 20 can provide an elastic space for the expansion of the single cell 11 when the single cell 11 is over-expanded during the cycle process, prevent the single cell 11 from excessive expansion stress, avoid the phenomenon of increased polarization of the single cell 11, and deterioration of power performance. At the same time, as a self-supporting structure, the single cell 11 has low requirements on the rigidity and strength of the bottom plate 36, which can reduce the number of mounting structures and simplify the assembly process, and reduce the production cost of the battery array 10.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a plurality of single cells 11 are placed side by side, and the buffer device 20 is retractably stopped between two adjacent single cells 11 along the arrangement direction of the plurality of single cells 11 .

[0051] A plurality of single cells 11 are placed side by side along the first direction A, and a certain interval is formed between some adjacent two single cells 11. There are a plurality of buffer devices 20, and the buffer devices 20 are arranged in the interval formed by two adjacent single cells 11. The buffer devices 20 can undergo recoverable expansion and contraction deformation in the first direction A. Taking two adjacent single cells 11 as an example, the two ends of the buffer device 20 along the first direction A are respectively in constant contact with the two side surfaces of the two single cells 11 along the first direction A that are close to each other.

[0052] Thus, the multiple single cells 11 placed side by side can make the single cells 11 more densely arranged in the battery array 10, increase the number of single cells 11 in the battery array 10, improve the energy storage capacity of the battery array 10, and further improve the space utilization rate inside the battery array 10. A buffer device 20 is arranged between two adjacent single cells 11, and the buffer device 20 can be telescopically deformed in the first direction A, so that the stop between the buffer device 20 and the single cell 11 is tighter, and the stability of the assembly of the single cell 11 in the battery array 10 is improved. When the battery array 10 collides during use, the telescopic structure of the buffer device 20 can make the buffer device 20 move to a certain extent, leaving a certain deformation space for the expansion of the single cell 11, preventing the single cell 11 from increasing polarization and deteriorating power performance due to excessive expansion stress, enhancing the protection of the single cell 11, and extending the service life of the battery array 10. At the same time, as a self-supporting structure, the single cell 11 has low requirements on the rigidity and strength of the bottom plate 36, which can reduce the number of mounting structures and simplify the assembly process, and reduce the production cost of the battery array 10.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, each buffer device 20 includes two fixing plates 21 . The two fixing plates 21 are arranged between two adjacent single batteries 11 , and the elastic member 22 is arranged between the two fixing plates 21 .

[0054] The two fixing plates 21 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction A of the battery array 10, and the elastic member 22 extends along the first direction A of the battery array 10. The two ends of the elastic member 22 along the first direction A are respectively abutted against the two side surfaces of the two fixing plates 21 that are close to each other along the first direction A. The two side surfaces of the two fixing plates 21 that are away from each other along the first direction A are respectively in constant contact with the two side surfaces of the two single cells 11 that are close to each other along the first direction A. The elastic member 22 can undergo recoverable expansion and contraction deformation in the first direction A, thereby driving the two fixing plates 21 to produce a certain displacement in the first direction A. There are multiple elastic members 22, and the multiple elastic members 22 are evenly spaced and arranged between the two fixing plates 21.

[0055] Thus, the arrangement of the two fixing plates 21 facilitates the assembly between the buffer device 20 and the single battery 11, and also facilitates the elastic member 22 to be fixedly connected between the two fixing plates 21 for the installation of the elastic member 22, which can effectively limit the elastic member 22, and make the force of the elastic member 22 evenly distributed on the fixing plate 21, thereby making the force on the side of the single battery 11 along the first direction A evenly distributed, preventing the stress from being concentrated at a certain point of the single battery 11 and causing the single battery 11 to be damaged. The buffer device 20 also has a certain buffering effect, which can protect the single battery 11 when the battery array 10 is bumped during use.

[0056] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the area of ​​one side surface of the single battery 11 in the arrangement direction of the multiple single batteries 11 is S1, and the area of ​​one side surface of the fixing plate 21 in the arrangement direction of the multiple single batteries 11 is S2, and S1 and S2 satisfy: 0.7≤S1 / S2≤1.5.

[0057] That is, the area of ​​one side surface of the single cell 11 in the first direction A is S1, and the area of ​​one side surface of the fixing plate 21 in the first direction A is S2. If the relationship between S1 and S2 is S1 / S2<0.7, the area of ​​one side surface of the single cell 11 in the first direction A is smaller than the area of ​​one side surface of the fixing plate 21 in the first direction A, and the area of ​​the single cell 11 is too small compared to the area of ​​the fixing plate 21, so that the area of ​​the fixing plate 21 is relatively large, and the space occupied is large, which is not conducive to the dense arrangement of the single cells 11 in the battery array 10. If the relationship between S1 and S2 is S1 / S2>1.5, the area of ​​one side surface of the single cell 11 in the first direction A is larger than the area of ​​one side surface of the fixing plate 21 in the first direction A, and the area of ​​the single cell 11 is too large compared to the area of ​​the fixing plate 21, so that the area of ​​the fixing plate 21 is relatively small, resulting in that when the fixing plate 21 and the single cell 11 stop, the force on the single cell 11 is concentrated at the contact point with the fixing plate 21, which is not conducive to the uniform distribution of stress on the surface of the single cell 11.

[0058] Thus, by limiting the relative size relationship between the area of ​​the single cell 11 and the fixing plate 21 in the first direction A, the surface of the single cell 11 can be uniformly stressed while ensuring the restraining force of the elastic device on the single cell 11, thereby preventing the single cell 11 from being damaged by excessive force at a certain point of the single cell 11. It can also improve the space utilization rate in the battery array 10, increase the number of single cells 11, and improve the battery capacity of the battery array 10.

[0059] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, there are a plurality of elastic members 22 , and the plurality of elastic members 22 are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the single battery cells 11 .

[0060] That is, the plurality of elastic members 22 are arranged at intervals along the second direction B of the battery array 10 , and the plurality of elastic members 22 are distributed at intervals along the second direction B.

[0061] Therefore, the provision of multiple elastic members 22 can make the structure of the buffer device 20 more reliable, and the telescopic deformation movement of the buffer device 20 in the first direction A more stable, and the provision of multiple elastic members 22 can reduce the force applied to each elastic member 22, prevent a certain elastic member 22 from being subjected to excessive force and causing irreversible deformation, thereby forming a protective effect on the elastic member 22, extending the service life of the elastic member 22, and thereby extending the service life of the buffer device 20 as a whole.

[0062] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the elastic member 22 is a spring. A spring is a mechanical part with good elasticity. The spring has the characteristics of being changeable, elastic, strong load capacity, good stability, good fatigue resistance, strong corrosion resistance, etc., and the spring is widely used and has a low production cost. Therefore, the elastic member 22 is a spring, which can effectively improve the stability of the elastic device, reduce the production cost of the battery array 10, and improve the overall reliability of the battery array 10.

[0063] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, multiple single cells 11 are placed side by side along a first direction A, and explosion-proof valves 111 are provided at one end of the multiple single cells 11 along a second direction B of the single cells 11, and the first direction A and the second direction B are perpendicular; the battery array 10 also includes an exhaust member 12, which is provided at one end of the multiple single cells 11 along the second direction B, and the exhaust member 12 is opposite to the explosion-proof valves 111 of the multiple single cells 11.

[0064] An explosion-proof valve 111 is provided at one end of the single battery 11 along the second direction B of the battery array 10. The explosion-proof valve 111 can release gas in the case of internal short circuit, overcharge, expansion or collision of the single battery 11 to prevent the explosion of the single battery 11. The exhaust member 12 extends along the first direction A of the battery array 10, and the exhaust member 12 is arranged along the second direction B opposite to the explosion-proof valves 111 of the plurality of single batteries 11.

[0065] Therefore, the explosion-proof valve 111 is used to balance the internal and external air pressures of the single cell 11. The temperature of the single cell 11 will change during the charging and discharging process, resulting in changes in the air pressure inside the single cell 11. The explosion-proof valve 111 can release the gas in the single cell 11. The exhaust component 12 is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve 111. The explosion-proof valve 111 can release the released gas through the exhaust component 12, thereby completing the pressure relief of the single cell 11 and avoiding the explosion of the single cell 11.

[0066] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of exhaust holes 121 are formed on the side of the exhaust member 12 facing the single battery 11, and the plurality of exhaust holes 121 are respectively opposite to the plurality of explosion-proof valves 111. A plurality of exhaust holes 121 are formed on the side of the exhaust member 12 facing the single battery 11 along the second direction B, and the exhaust holes 121 penetrate the side wall of the exhaust member 12 along the second direction B. The plurality of exhaust holes 121 are arranged at intervals along the first direction A, and the exhaust holes 121 are arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve 111 along the second direction B. Thus, the arrangement of the plurality of exhaust holes 121 facilitates the exhaust of the gas generated when the temperature of the single battery 11 changes, and the relative arrangement of the exhaust holes 121 and the explosion-proof valve 111 can provide gas that can be discharged from the exhaust holes 121 into the exhaust member 12 in a directional manner, and discharged in a directional manner through the exhaust member 12, which can improve the safety of exhaust of the single battery 11.

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 7 As shown, an exhaust passage 122 is defined in the exhaust member 12, and the exhaust passage 122 passes through the single battery 11 along the first direction A. The exhaust passage 122 extends along the first direction A of the battery array 10, and the exhaust passage 122 passes through the exhaust member 12 along the first direction A of the battery array 10, and both ends of the exhaust passage 122 along the first direction A are open to communicate with the outside of the battery array 10.

[0068] Therefore, if the explosion-proof valve 111 of the single cell 11 ruptures due to internal gas expansion, the gas generated by the single cell 11 can enter the exhaust channel 122 through the explosion-proof valve 111 and the exhaust hole 121, and be discharged to the outside of the battery array 10 from the two ends of the exhaust channel 122 opened along the first direction A, thereby achieving directional discharge of gas from the exhaust channel 122, reducing the gas temperature, and improving the safety of the single cell 11.

[0069] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the length of the single battery 11 is L, the height is H, and the thickness is D, wherein 4≤L / H≤28; 23≤L / D≤208.

[0070] The length of the single cell 11 in the first direction A of the battery array 10 is the thickness D of the single cell 11, the length of the single cell 11 in the second direction B of the battery array 10 is the length L, and the length of the single cell 11 in the third direction C of the battery array 10 is the height H of the single cell 11. If L / H<4, L / D<23, the length, height and thickness of the single cell 11 are small, which is not conducive to the side-by-side arrangement of multiple single cells 11. If L / H>28, L / D>208, the length, height and thickness of the single cell 11 are large, small and too small, making the thickness of the single cell 11 too thin, resulting in poor structural strength of the single cell 11, and easy bending damage.

[0071] Therefore, limiting the proportional relationship among the length, height and thickness of the single cell 11 is beneficial to optimizing the layout of the single cell 11 in the battery array 10 while ensuring the structural strength of the single cell 11, thereby increasing the number of single cells 11 in the battery array 10 and improving the space utilization rate inside the battery array 10.

[0072] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the length of the single battery 11 is L, and L satisfies: 500mm≤L≤3000mm.

[0073] If the length L of the single battery 11 is less than 500 mm, the overall volume of the single battery 11 is small, resulting in a small capacity of the single battery 11. If the length L of the single battery 11 is greater than 3000 mm, the length of the single battery 11 is too large, resulting in an overall volume of the single battery 11 being too large, which is not conducive to the structural strength of the single battery 11 and is not convenient for the arrangement of the single battery 11 in the battery array 10.

[0074] Therefore, the length range of the single cell 11 is limited, and the overall proportional structure of the single cell 11 is optimized while ensuring the capacity of the single cell 11, so as to facilitate the assembly of the single cell 11 in the battery array 10, make the single cells 11 in the battery array 10 more closely arranged, increase the number of single cells 11 in the battery array 10, and improve the energy storage capacity of the battery array 10.

[0075] According to the battery module 100 of the second embodiment of the utility model, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the battery module 100 includes: at least one battery array 10, a first side plate 30 and a second side plate 31, the battery array 10 is the battery array 10 according to the first aspect embodiment of the utility model; the first side plate 30 and the second side plate 31 are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction of the multiple single batteries 11 of the battery array 10, and the battery array 10 is arranged between the first side plate 30 and the second side plate 31.

[0076] The first side plate 30 and the second side plate 31 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction A of the battery array 10, and the first side plate 30 and the second side plate 31 are arranged in parallel. The battery array 10 is arranged between the first side plate 30 and the second side plate 31, and the side surfaces of the first side plate 30 and the second side plate 31 opposite to each other along the first direction A of the battery array 10 are respectively in contact with the side surfaces of the two outermost single cells 11 in the battery array 10 along the first direction A.

[0077] According to the battery module 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, the first side plate 30 and the second side plate 31 can play a supporting and protective role on both sides of the battery module 100 along the first direction A of the battery array 10, protect the single battery 11 inside the battery module 100, enhance the overall structural strength of the battery module 100, improve the assembly stability of the battery array 10 in the battery module 100, and extend the service life of the battery module 100.

[0078] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, it also includes: at least one pressure sensor, which is disposed on the first side plate 30 or the second side plate 31 , and is opposite to the battery array 10 .

[0079] A plurality of pressure sensors are provided on the surface of one side of the first side plate 30 or the second side plate 31 adjacent to the battery array 10 along the first direction A of the battery array 10. The plurality of pressure sensors are arranged at intervals along the third direction C of the battery array 10. The pressure sensor 32 is arranged opposite to one end of the battery array 10 along the first direction A of the battery array 10. The pressure sensor 32 abuts against the surface of one side of a single battery 11 located at one end of the battery array 10 along the first direction A. The pressure sensor 32 is used to detect the pressure on the surface of the single battery 11 and control the pressure of the battery module 100.

[0080] Therefore, a pressure sensor 32 is provided on the first side plate 30 or the second side plate 31. The pressure sensor 32 is used to monitor the gas pressure inside the single cell 11, so as to grasp the working state of the battery module 100 in real time, prevent potential failures, and prevent the gas pressure inside the single cell 11 from being too high or too low, which may cause safety hazards. The data of the pressure sensor 32 can be used to optimize the design and working parameters of the battery module 100, and to maximize the performance and life of the battery module 100 by accurately controlling the charging and discharging of the battery module 100.

[0081] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the normal pressure of the battery array 10 is P, and P satisfies: 0.8Mpa≤P≤5Mpa.

[0082] If the normal pressure P of the battery array 10 is less than 0.8 MPa, the pressure of the battery array 10 is too low, which will cause the battery module 100 to be unable to be fully charged, affecting the working time of the battery module 100. If the normal pressure P of the battery array 10 is greater than 5 MPa, the pressure of the battery array 10 is too high, and the pressure inside the single battery 11 will gradually increase with the increase of stored electricity. If the internal pressure of the single battery 11 is too high, the gas inside the single battery 11 will leak to the outside of the single battery 11, resulting in a reduction of chemical materials inside the single battery 11, which shortens the life of the single battery 11.

[0083] Therefore, if the pressure of the battery array 10 is too high or too low, it is easy to cause safety hazards. By setting the pressure sensor 32, the pressure of the battery module 100 is controlled in real time according to the data of the pressure sensor 32, so that the pressure of the battery array 10 is maintained within the normal range, the performance, safety and life of the battery module 100 can be maximized.

[0084] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple battery arrays 10, and the multiple battery arrays 10 are arranged along the third direction C of the single battery 11, and the third direction C is orthogonal to the first direction A and the second direction B of the single battery 11. The multiple battery arrays 10 are arranged at intervals along the third direction C, and the multiple battery arrays 10 are relatively arranged along the third direction C. Therefore, the battery module 100 includes multiple battery arrays 10, which can effectively increase the energy storage capacity of the battery module 100. The arrangement of multiple battery arrays 10 along the third direction C of the single battery 11 is conducive to optimizing the layout of the battery arrays 10 inside the battery module 100, simplifying the assembly difficulty of the battery array 10, and ensuring the uniformity of the restraint force on the single battery 11 inside the battery array 10.

[0085] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-3 As shown, it further includes: at least one heat exchange plate 33 , and the heat exchange plate 33 is arranged between two adjacent battery arrays 10 .

[0086] The heat exchange plate 33 is disposed between two adjacent battery arrays 10 along the third direction C of the battery array 10. One side surface of the heat exchange plate 33 along the third direction C of the battery array 10 contacts and stops with the upper end of one battery array 10 along the third direction C. The other side surface of the heat exchange plate 33 along the third direction C of the battery array 10 contacts and stops with the lower end of another battery array 10 along the third direction C. During the operation of the battery module 100, the temperature of the single battery 11 changes during the charging and discharging process. Heat exchange can occur between the heat exchange plate 33 and the single battery 11, which plays a role in cooling or heating the battery. There are multiple heat exchange plates 33, and the multiple heat exchange plates 33 are arranged at intervals along the third direction C of the battery array 10, that is, along the third direction C of the battery array 10, the battery array 10 and the heat exchange plates 33 are arranged alternately at intervals.

[0087] Therefore, the heat exchange plate 33 disposed between two adjacent battery arrays 10 can further improve the stability of the internal structure of the battery module 100 and enhance the structural strength of the battery module 100. The heat exchange plate 33 can exchange heat with the single battery 11, and can regulate the temperature of the single battery 11, so that the temperature of the single battery 11 is kept within a normal range, and the service life of the single battery 11 is extended. The heat exchange plate 33 disposed between the two battery arrays 10 can also enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange plate 33 and the single battery 11, so that the heat transfer is more uniform and rapid, and the service life of the battery module 100 is extended, the safety risk of the battery module 100 is reduced, and the performance and stability of the battery module 100 are ensured.

[0088] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-3 As shown, it further includes: multiple end plates 34, top plates 35 and bottom plates 36. Each battery array 10 is provided with end plates 34 at both ends along the length direction of the single battery 11, and the top plates 35 and bottom plates 36 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the multiple battery arrays 10.

[0089] The end plate 34 extends along the first direction A of the battery array 10, and the end plate 34 is arranged along the second direction B of the battery array 10 opposite to one end of the battery array 10 along the second direction B. A plurality of end plates 34 are arranged at intervals along the third direction C of the battery array 10, and each battery array 10 is provided with an end plate 34 at both ends along the third direction C of the battery array 10. The end plate 34 includes a first end plate 34 and a second end plate 34, the first end plate 34 is provided at one end of the battery array 10 along the third direction C, and the second end plate 34 is provided at the other end of the battery array 10 along the third direction C. The battery module 100 includes a plurality of battery arrays 10, and the plurality of battery arrays 10 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the third direction C, the top plate 35 and the bottom plate 36 are opposite to each other along the third direction C of the battery array 10, and the plurality of battery arrays 10 are provided between the top plate 35 and the bottom plate 36. That is, the top plate 35 is arranged at the upper end of the battery module 100 along the third direction C of the battery array 10, and a side surface of the top plate 35 adjacent to the battery array 10 along the third direction C of the battery array 10 is opposite to the top of a battery array 10 located at the uppermost end of the multiple battery arrays 10 along the third direction C. The bottom plate 36 is arranged at the lower end of the battery module 100 along the third direction C of the battery array 10, and a side surface of the bottom plate 36 adjacent to the battery array 10 along the third direction C of the battery array 10 is opposite to the bottom of a battery array 10 located at the lowermost end of the multiple battery arrays 10 along the third direction C.

[0090] Therefore, the arrangement of multiple end plates 34, bottom plates 36 and top plates 35 is used to strengthen the structural strength of the battery module 100. The multiple end plates 34 can limit and protect the battery array 10 in the second direction B of the battery array 10. The top plate 35 and bottom plate 36 can limit and protect the battery array 10 in the third direction C of the battery array 10, thereby enhancing the overall structural stability of the battery module 100.

[0091] According to the energy storage system 200 of the third aspect of the utility model, Figure 1 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the energy storage system 200 includes: at least one battery module 100 and a control system 40 , the battery module 100 is the battery module 100 according to the above-mentioned second aspect embodiment of the utility model, and the control system 40 is electrically connected to the battery module 100 .

[0092] The control system 40 is electrically connected to the battery module 100. The control system 40 can monitor the working state of the battery module 100 and the gas pressure inside the single battery 11 in real time through structures such as the pressure sensor 32. For example, when the internal pressure of the single battery 11 is detected to be abnormal, the control system 40 can take corresponding measures to safely control the battery module 100. When the internal pressure of the single battery 11 is too high, the control system 40 can relieve the pressure of the single battery 11 by controlling gas discharge or other safety measures. In some embodiments, multiple battery modules 100 are arranged side by side along the first direction A of the battery array 10, and the control system 40 is connected to one side of the multiple battery modules 100 along the first direction A of the battery array 10.

[0093] According to the energy storage system 200 of the embodiment of the utility model, the electrical connection between the control system 40 and the battery module 100 is conducive to the control system 40 monitoring, controlling and protecting the battery module 100, thereby maximizing the performance, safety and life of the energy storage system 200.

[0094] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Fig.10 As shown, there are multiple battery modules 100 , and the multiple battery modules 100 are all electrically connected to the control system 40 .

[0095] In some embodiments, the multiple battery modules 100 are divided into two groups, and along the first direction A of the battery array 10, the control system 40 is connected between the two groups of battery modules 100, and the two groups of battery modules 100 are respectively located on both sides of the control system 40. When the multiple battery modules 100 are arranged side by side, the series and parallel lines between the battery modules 100 increase, and multiple external connectors need to be set for connection, which easily leads to an increase in the internal resistance between the battery modules 100, resulting in an increase in the energy consumption of the energy storage system 200 during operation.

[0096] In this way, the spatial layout of multiple battery modules 100 and the control system 40 inside the energy storage system 200 can be optimized, the space occupied by the connecting lines between the battery modules 100 and the control system 40 can be reduced, the space utilization inside the energy storage system 200 can be improved, and the stability and reliability of the energy storage system 200 can be improved.

[0097] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0098] In the description of the present utility model, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, "plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present utility model, the first feature "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. In the description of the present utility model, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery array, characterized in that: include: Multiple single cells; At least one buffer device is provided between two adjacent single batteries, and the buffer device comprises a fixing plate and at least one elastic member, and the elastic member is provided on the fixing plate.

2. The battery array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of single cells are placed side by side, and the buffer device is telescopically stopped between two adjacent single cells along the arrangement direction of the plurality of single cells.

3. The battery array according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the buffer devices comprises two fixing plates, the two fixing plates are arranged between two adjacent single batteries, and the elastic member is arranged between the two fixing plates.

4. The battery array according to claim 3, characterized in that: The area of ​​one side surface of the single battery in the arrangement direction of the multiple single batteries is S1, and the area of ​​one side surface of the fixing plate in the arrangement direction of the multiple single batteries is S2, and S1 and S2 satisfy: 0.7≤S1 / S2≤1.

5.

5. The battery array according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are a plurality of elastic members, and the plurality of elastic members are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the single cells.

6. The battery array according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic member is a spring.

7. The battery array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of single cells are placed side by side along a first direction, and explosion-proof valves are provided at one end of the plurality of single cells along a second direction of the single cells, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; The battery array further includes an exhaust member, which is disposed at one end of the plurality of single batteries along the second direction, and is opposite to the explosion-proof valves of the plurality of single batteries.

8. The battery array according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of exhaust holes are formed on one side of the exhaust member facing the single battery, and the plurality of exhaust holes are respectively opposite to the plurality of explosion-proof valves.

9. The battery array according to claim 8, characterized in that: An exhaust passage is defined in the exhaust member, and the exhaust passage passes through the single battery along the first direction.

10. The battery array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the single battery is L, the height is H, and the thickness is D, wherein 4≤L / H≤28; 23≤L / D≤208.

11. The battery array according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The length of the single battery is L, and L satisfies: 500mm≤L≤3000mm.

12. A battery module, characterized in that: include: At least one battery array, wherein the battery array is a battery array according to any one of claims 1 to 11; A first side plate and a second side plate, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged at intervals along an arrangement direction of a plurality of single batteries of the battery array, and the battery array is arranged between the first side plate and the second side plate.

13. The battery module according to claim 12, characterized in that: Also includes: At least one pressure sensor is disposed on the first side plate or the second side plate, and the pressure sensor is opposite to the battery array.

14. The battery module according to claim 12, characterized in that: The normal pressure of the battery array is P, and F satisfies: 0.8Mpa≤P≤5Mpa.

15. The battery module according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that: There are a plurality of battery arrays, and the plurality of battery arrays are arranged along a third direction of the single battery, and the third direction is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction of the single battery.

16. The battery module according to claim 15, characterized in that: Further including: At least one heat exchange plate is provided between two adjacent battery arrays.

17. The battery module according to claim 15, characterized in that: Further including: A plurality of end plates, each of the battery arrays having two ends along the length direction of the single battery cells respectively provided with the end plates; A top plate and a bottom plate, wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively arranged on the top and the bottom of the plurality of battery arrays.

18. An energy storage system, characterized in that: include: At least one battery module, a battery module according to any one of claims 12-17; A control system is electrically connected to the battery module.

19. The energy storage system according to claim 18, characterized in that: There are multiple battery modules, and all of the multiple battery modules are electrically connected to the control system.

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