Pressure quenching mandrel of gear ring part

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pressure quenching mandrel of a gear ring part, and belongs to the technical field of gear ring pressure quenching. A base is included; the lower end of the base is in clearance fit with the lower end of the pressure quenching machine tool; a central column is fixed at the center of the upper end of the base; the center column is sleeved with a cone. The cone is in an inverted cone shape, an expander is sleeved outside the cone, and the outer wall of the expander is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the base; a guide groove is formed in the outer wall of the expander; a first compression spring is mounted in the guide groove; the expander, the first compression spring and the side wall of the base are fixed through a first fastener; the dilator is sleeved with an insertion block. The dilator and the inserting block are both designed in a split mode and are divided into a plurality of blocks in the radial direction of the dilator and the inserting block. Due to the split type design and dual elastic control of the coil spring and the first compression spring, the mandrel can be freely expanded and contracted, the gear ring is not prone to deformation in the heat treatment process, and the product precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of gear ring press quenching, and relates to a press quenching mandrel of a gear ring part. Background Art

[0002] Planetary gear mechanisms are widely used in heavy-duty vehicles and other fields due to their power diversion, high load, and large transmission ratio. The ring gear in the planetary mechanism is an essential core component. Generally, the main heat treatment method for ring gears with high load-bearing capacity requirements is carburizing and quenching. However, direct carburizing and quenching usually causes large heat treatment distortion of the ring gear, such as ellipse, which makes it difficult for the ring gear to meet the design accuracy requirements.

[0003] To solve the problem of excessive deformation of gear ring parts during heat treatment, the commonly used method is press quenching, that is, during the quenching process of the parts, a corresponding reverse force is applied using a limited-shape quenching die to prevent excessive deformation of the parts; therefore, the structural design of the press quenching die directly affects the final accuracy of the gear ring. However, the current press quenching mandrel for large gear ring parts has poor expansion and contraction capabilities, and the gear ring is easily deformed, affecting the dimensional accuracy of the product. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the expansion and contraction capacity of the press-quenched mandrel is poor, the gear ring is easy to deform, and the dimensional accuracy of the product is affected, and provides a press-quenched mandrel for the gear ring part.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a press-quenching mandrel for gear ring parts, comprising a base; the base cross-section is circular, and the lower end of the base is clearance-matched with the lower end of a press-quenching machine; a center column is fixed at the center of the upper end of the base; a cone is provided outside the center column; the cone is in an inverted cone shape, and an expander is provided outside the cone, and the outer wall of the expander is clearance-matched with the inner wall of the base; a guide groove is opened on the outer wall of the expander, and a first compression spring is installed in the guide groove; the expander, the first compression spring and the side wall of the base are fixed by a first fastener; an insert block is provided outside the expander; the expander and the insert block are both designed in a split type, and are divided into a plurality of blocks along their radial direction.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of positioning rings are arranged between the expander and the insert block; fixing bolts are arranged inside the positioning rings for fixing the expander, the positioning rings and the insert block.

[0008] Furthermore, the expander is circumferentially surrounded by a plurality of elastic members.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic member is a coil spring.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom end of the cone is open and the top end is closed; a second compression spring is arranged between the top surface of the central column and the inner wall of the top of the cone.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the cone and the top of the center column are fixed by a second fastener.

[0012] Furthermore, a slot is provided at the center of the base; and a protrusion is provided at the bottom of the center column, which can be loosely matched with the slot.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of oil guide grooves are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the insert block, and the oil guide grooves are inclined relative to the axis of the insert block.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of threaded oil holes are provided on the base.

[0015] Furthermore, the first fastener and the second fastener are both guide bolts.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The utility model discloses a press-quenching mandrel of a gear ring part, which divides an expander and an insert block into a plurality of modules along the radial direction thereof, adopts a split design, and a first compression spring is installed between the outer wall of the expander and a base, and the expander, the first compression spring and the base are fixed by a first fastener; the expansion and contraction of the mandrel are consistent and stable, the gear ring is not easily deformed during the heat treatment process, and the product precision is improved; and a single module is light in weight, easy to disassemble, and better in mold repairability.

[0018] Furthermore, a coil spring is also provided on the circumference of the outer wall of the expander of the utility model, and dual control of the first compression spring and the coil spring is adopted to further enhance the expansion and contraction capacity of the core shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the utility model insert block is provided with a plurality of oblique oil guide grooves on its outer circumferential surface, which can prevent the single inner tooth of the gear ring from being completely exposed, thereby achieving an excellent cooling effect while ensuring the accuracy of the gear ring tooth portion, and meeting the requirements for bainite on the product surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thin-walled gear ring part according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the plug block of the utility model embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view of the plug block of the utility model embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a top view of an assembly part of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Among them: 1-base; 2-center column; 3-cone; 4-expander; 5-coil spring; 6-positioning ring; 7-insert block; 8-fixing bolt; 9-first compression spring; 10-first fastener; 11-second compression spring; 12-second fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0034] like Figure 2 The figure shows a gear ring structure product, the outer diameter of which is about 435mm, the pitch circle is 371.5mm, that is, the effective wall thickness is 31.75mm, and the wall thickness to diameter ratio is 0.073, that is, a large thin-walled gear ring part. The minor diameter of the part is 373.7±0.25mm. In addition, the modulus of the part is 5.63, and the material hardenability is relatively low. Therefore, it is difficult to control the surface bainite after quenching. Based on the easy deformation of the part and the high requirements for surface bainite, the utility model designs an expansion type gear ring press quenching die mandrel with excellent tooth quenching ability.

[0035] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the utility model discloses a press-quenching mandrel for a gear ring part, comprising a base 1; the base 1 is circular in cross section, and the lower end of the base 1 is in clearance with the lower end of the press-quenching machine; a center column 2 is fixed at the center of the upper end of the base 1; a cone 3 is provided on the outer sleeve of the center column 2; the cone 3 is in an inverted cone shape, and an expander 4 is provided on the outer sleeve of the cone 3, and the outer wall of the expander 4 is in clearance with the inner wall of the base 1; a guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the expander 4, and a first compression spring 9 is installed in the guide groove; the expander 4, the first compression spring 9 and the side wall of the base 1 are fixed by a first fastener 10, and the first fastener 10 passes through the base 1 and the first compression spring 9 from the outer wall of the base 1, and penetrates into the expander 4; an insert block 7 is provided on the outer sleeve of the expander 4, and the bottom surface of the insert block 7 contacts the upper surface of the base 1; see Figure 3 The expander 4 and the insert block 7 are both split-type designs, and are divided into several blocks along their radial direction; and through the elastic control of the first contraction spring 9, the core shaft can expand and contract freely, thereby improving the accuracy of product size.

[0036] Preferably, the original outer diameter of the insert block 7 can be designed to be 373.85±0.03mm, that is, the median size of the insert block 7 is the difference in the minor diameter of the part minus 0.1mm; at the same time, since the insert block 7 is in direct contact with the workpiece during quenching, it is necessary to strictly ensure that the cylindricality of the outer circle of the insert block 7 is ≤0.02 and the verticality with the bottom surface is ≤0.02; the insert block 7 is evenly divided into 12 pieces after fine machining, and the dividing gap is 5-8mm to meet the needs of the core shaft expansion and contraction, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0037] Preferably, the expansion device 4 and the insert 7 are divided in the same way and in the same size, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0038] In a feasible implementation manner of the utility model, a plurality of positioning rings 6 are arranged between the expander 4 and the plug block 7; a fixing bolt 8 is arranged inside the positioning ring 6, and the fixing bolt 8 passes through the plug block 7 and the positioning ring 6 in sequence from the outer wall of the plug block 7, and penetrates into the expander 4, so as to fix the expander 4, the positioning ring 6 and the plug block 7.

[0039] In a feasible implementation of the present invention, the expander 4 is also surrounded by a plurality of elastic members. The elastic members are preferably coil springs 5. Under the dual elastic control of the coil springs 5 ​​and the first compression spring 9, the consistency and stability of the expansion and contraction of the core shaft are further improved.

[0040] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the cone 3 is open at the bottom and closed at the top; a second compression spring 11 is provided between the top surface of the center column 2 and the inner wall of the top of the cone 3. The top of the cone 3 is fixed to the top of the center column 2 by a second fastener 12.

[0041] Preferably, the outer wall of the cone 3 and the inner wall conical surface of the expander 4 are used in combination, and the two are required to be grinded, with a contact area of ​​not less than 85%, a roughness of not more than Ra0.8, and a matching angle of 60 to 70 degrees.

[0042] In a feasible implementation manner of the utility model, a slot is provided at the center of the base 1; the bottom of the center column 2 has a protrusion that can fit with the slot gap to ensure the stability of the center column 2; and the center column 2 serves as a guiding component of the vertebral body, and it is necessary to ensure that the cylindricity of the outer circle of the center column 2 is ≤0.015.

[0043] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the plug block 7 is provided with a plurality of oil guide grooves, which are arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the plug block 7. The outer circumferential surface of the plug block 7 is provided with evenly distributed oil guide grooves with a certain slope and depth, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inclined oil guide groove can prevent the single internal tooth of the gear ring from being completely exposed. While ensuring the accuracy of the gear ring tooth part, it can obtain excellent cooling effect and meet the requirements for bainite on the product surface.

[0044] In a feasible embodiment of the utility model, the base 1 is provided with a plurality of threaded oil holes, the number of which can be adjusted by a set screw, for easy adjustment. The difference between the inner diameter of the inner circle of the base 1 and the outer diameter of the bottom of the expander 4 is set to 8-10 mm, and the gap size can effectively adjust the maximum expansion and contraction diameter of the press-quenching mandrel to ensure the roundness of the workpiece.

[0045] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the first fastener 10 and the second fastener 12 are both guide bolts, and the guide bolts are preferably hexagon socket head shoulder screws. The fixing bolts 8 are preferably hexagon socket head screws. The end face of each expander 4 is provided with an M12 threaded hole for hoisting and transporting the mandrel assembly.

[0046] The working process of the utility model is as follows:

[0047] (1) Assemble the press quenching mandrel as shown above and place it on the press quenching machine;

[0048] (2) Transferring the part to be press-quenched to the press-quenching mandrel;

[0049] The mandrel is pulse-expanded under the hydraulic pressure of the upper pressure head. At the same time, the limited-shape quenching of the gear ring parts is achieved by reasonably setting the quenching oil flow, pressure, pulse frequency, time and other processes.

[0050] (4) After the press quenching is completed, remove the gear ring parts.

[0051] The insert block 7, positioning ring 6, fixing bolt 8, coil spring 5 and other components of the mandrel of the utility model are combined together, which is equivalent to the traditional expansion mandrel expansion block. In addition, the utility model adopts a split design, and the expansion block has good consistency and stability in expansion and contraction; the single module is light in weight and easy to disassemble; and the mold repairability is good.

[0052] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A press-quenching mandrel for a gear ring part, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1); the base (1) has a circular cross section, and the lower end of the base (1) is in clearance with the lower end of the press quenching machine; a center column (2) is fixed at the center of the upper end of the base (1); a cone (3) is provided on the outer sleeve of the center column (2); the cone (3) is in an inverted cone shape, and an expander (4) is provided on the outer sleeve of the cone (3), and the outer wall of the expander (4) is in clearance with the inner wall of the base (1); a guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the expander (4), and a first compression spring (9) is installed in the guide groove; the expander (4), the first compression spring (9) and the side wall of the base (1) are fixed by a first fastener (10); an insert block (7) is provided on the outer sleeve of the expander (4); the expander (4) and the insert block (7) are both of split design and are divided into a plurality of blocks along their radial direction.

2. A press-quenching mandrel for a gear ring component according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of positioning rings (6) are arranged between the expander (4) and the insert block (7); fixing bolts (8) are arranged inside the positioning rings (6) for fixing the expander (4), the positioning rings (6) and the insert block (7).

3. A press-quenching mandrel for a gear ring component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expander (4) is also surrounded by a plurality of elastic members in the circumferential direction.

4. A press-quenching mandrel for a gear ring component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic member is a coil spring (5).

5. The press-quenching mandrel of a gear ring component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone (3) has an open bottom end and a closed top end; a second compression spring (11) is arranged between the top surface of the central column (2) and the inner wall of the top of the cone (3).

6. A press-quenching mandrel for a gear ring component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the cone (3) and the top of the central column (2) are fixed via a second fastener (12).

7. A press-quenching mandrel for a ring gear component according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a slot at the center of the circle; the center column (2) has a protrusion at the bottom that can be gap-matched with the slot.

8. A press-quenching mandrel for a gear ring component according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A plurality of oil guide grooves are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the insert block (7), and the oil guide grooves are arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the insert block (7).

9. A press-quenching mandrel for a ring gear component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a plurality of oil holes with threads.

10. A press-quenching mandrel for a ring gear component according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first fastener (10) and the second fastener (12) are both guide bolts.

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