Self-lifting reaming device

Abstract

The utility model designs a self-lifting reaming device, which is applied to the civil engineering field of reaming of cast-in-place piles, can realize a self-lifting function, saves manpower and cost, and improves reaming efficiency. The device is composed of a position fixing system, a hydraulic feeding system, a servo motor device, a multi-stage reducing system, a depth displacement sensor and a diameter displacement sensor. The position fixing system is divided into a first position fixing system and a second position fixing system. During working, supporting plates of the first position fixing system and the second position fixing system are alternately unfolded through an external hydraulic loop, meanwhile, a telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder and a piston rod of the hydraulic feeding system act, and lifting of the reaming device is achieved. During reaming operation, a piston rod of a telescopic electric cylinder of the multi-stage reducing system stretches out downwards, a tool stretches out through a connecting rod and a cross universal joint mechanism, and rotary cutting is carried out under driving of a servo motor. The depth displacement sensor and the diameter displacement sensor detect position information of the device in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of civil engineering, and in particular relates to a hole expanding device capable of realizing self-lifting. Background Art

[0002] Pile foundation is mainly used to reliably support the superstructure. According to the different construction methods, pile foundation is divided into precast pile and cast-in-place pile. Cast-in-place pile has no vibration, no soil squeezing and low noise during construction, and is widely used in structures such as high-voltage transmission towers, coastal buildings and tall chimneys. The structure and geometry of cast-in-place pile make it very susceptible to various forces applied in the horizontal direction. Among various anti-pullout pipe pile structures, the enlarged bottom cast-in-place pile is a construction method consisting of a straight hole section and an enlarged bottom section. Enlarged bottom cast-in-place piles are increasingly used as foundation piles for urban development, especially large-scale construction in coastal areas. The commonly used diameter of cast-in-place piles is between 800mm-2000mm, and the enlarged bottom diameter is 1600mm-4000mm. Compared with cast-in-place piles with uniform diameter and no hole enlargement, the bearing capacity of cast-in-place piles with enlarged bottom diameter is increased, so a larger end bearing capacity can be effectively obtained. However, how to expand the diameter in the hole of the underground space still remains a technical problem. At present, large equipment such as rotary drilling rigs are still used for diameter expansion in cast-in-place pile construction. However, the construction site has complex terrain, bad terrain, low bearing capacity, loose soil, high compressibility, easy to collapse, and large equipment is difficult to enter and work normally. Manual digging has high labor intensity, slow construction speed, and potential safety hazards. Therefore, the bottom expansion cast-in-place pile requires more intelligent and efficient equipment technology.

[0003] In order to meet the demand for bored pile hole expansion, most of them rely on large equipment, such as the Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN 101315021B and authorization announcement date 2011.11.02, which discloses a hole expansion method for a non-circular impact hole expansion device for bored piles. During operation, a hydraulic impactor is required to provide impact force for the hole expander, and a cutter performs hole expansion. Due to the difficulty of breaking the rock and soil layer, the required impact force will be very large. Similarly, the Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN 111980586A and authorization announcement date 2020.11.24 discloses a hydraulic hole expansion circulation drilling rig and its hole expansion pile construction method. A fixed frame is placed on the ground, and a power device is installed on the crossbeam to make the drill rod move vertically. When the hydraulic device is activated, the expansion rod expands to expand the hole. However, the fixed equipment is too large in size and has high requirements for the flatness of the ground, which is not suitable for use in occasions with harsh geographical environments.

[0004] Although some existing technologies do not rely on large-scale equipment, there are problems inside the device. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN216974736U and the authorization announcement date of 2022.07.15 discloses a quick-change reaming drill bit for drilling, which can quickly replace the reaming drill bit to achieve the reaming requirements. However, its internal structure is relatively complex, and high-pressure fluid is used to perform the connector action, which requires high sealing performance. And the extended state of the blade is maintained by magnetic attraction, and it is difficult to resist resistance during the drilling process. The Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN 217327189U and the authorization announcement date of 2022.08.30 discloses a reaming drill bit and a rotary drilling rig, which uses a telescopic mechanism to drive the movable bucket door to open, and the tool is installed on one side of the movable bucket door to achieve reaming when extended. However, the free space inside the drill body is too large, the structure is too simple, and the strength is insufficient.

[0005] Most of the existing hole expansion devices are heavy equipment and are not convenient to use in places where the soil is relatively soft and the environment is relatively harsh. They cannot meet the hole expansion requirements of bored piles. Therefore, a self-lifting hole expansion device is proposed, which can expand the hole in the pre-drilled pile hole to meet the construction requirements of bored piles. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and defects of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a self-lifting hole expansion device, which solves the problems of the prior art, such as complex structure, heavy equipment is inconvenient to use in occasions with relatively soft soil, and low cutting efficiency. Especially when the depth is large, it is difficult to lift the device.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A self-lifting hole expanding device comprises two position fixing systems, a hydraulic feeding system, a servo motor device, a multi-stage variable diameter system, a depth displacement sensor, and a diameter displacement sensor.

[0009] The position fixing system includes a double-acting single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder, four support plates, four connecting rod shafts, a cross slider, and four connecting rods. The cross slider and the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder are connected by bolts, the connecting rod and the cross slider are connected by the connecting rod shaft, and the connecting rod and the support plate are bolted. When the hydraulic cylinder is extended, the four connecting rods move obliquely downward respectively, and then push the four support plates to open outward respectively, and stick to the inner wall of the hole from four directions, so that the device can maintain a stable state at a specific depth and carry out subsequent work.

[0010] The hydraulic feed system includes a telescopic hydraulic cylinder body, an oil inlet A, an oil inlet B, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod. The servo motor device includes a servo motor upper base plate, a servo motor dust cover, a servo motor lower base plate, a servo motor shaft, a servo motor device connecting column, and a brush slip ring. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder is a double-acting single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is connected to the servo motor device through bolts. The servo motor is fixed to the bottom disc of the second position fixing system through bolts. The brush slip ring is fixed to the servo motor base through bolts. The servo motor shaft is connected to the multi-stage variable diameter system through bolts. The servo motor platform and the multi-stage variable diameter system are connected together.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-stage variable diameter system comprises a driving motor, a telescopic electric cylinder, four connecting rods A, four connecting rods B, four cross universal joints, a fixed tool disk, and four cutting tools. The connecting ring is fixed to the piston rod of the telescopic electric cylinder, the connecting rod A is connected to the connecting rod B through a cross universal joint, and the other ends of the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B are respectively connected to the connecting ring and the tool through hinges. The four arms of the fixed tool disk are used to fix the tool, and the cutting tool is fixed to the fixed tool disk by bolts.

[0012] The depth displacement sensor is fixed to the lower plane plate of the position fixing system by bolts, and the probe of the depth displacement sensor contacts the upper plane plate of the servo motor, so that the downward extension distance information of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder can be monitored by the depth displacement sensor in real time, thereby clearly understanding the expansion depth information.

[0013] The implementation scope of the utility model is not limited to this. All equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0014] The diameter displacement sensor is fixed on the disc of the multi-stage diameter reducing system by bolts. The diameter displacement sensor probe contacts the initial position of the piston rod on the telescopic electric cylinder. By monitoring the axial distance information of the piston rod, the diameter information of the hole expansion is monitored proportionally, so as to better understand the hole expansion effect.

[0015] The technical features of this utility model are:

[0016] (1) The four arms of the fixed tool disc have limited positions on both sides to ensure that the tool has a fixed position and remains stable during rotation and cutting.

[0017] (2) The cutting tool head is at a certain angle, which can perform drilling and reaming operations at the same time, reducing the number of tools, avoiding design redundancy, and making the structure more compact and reasonable.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] (1) Compared with large equipment, this device has a simple structure, is easy to install, saves manpower, and can achieve self-climbing.

[0020] (2) The use of hydraulic system for lifting improves the automation level of the device and enhances its adaptability.

[0021] (3) There is no need to change the tool for drilling and reaming. The reaming task can be performed directly on the device by changing the diameter, saving operation time and improving reaming efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the hole enlarging device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first position fixing system of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first position fixing system structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the structural diagram of the hydraulic feed system of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the second position fixing system of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the second position fixing system of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the servo motor device of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the servo motor device of the utility model;

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of the multi-stage variable diameter system of the utility model;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure of the multi-stage variable diameter system of the utility model;

[0032] Fig.11 This is a structural diagram of the tool of the utility model;

[0033] Fig.12 This is a closed structure diagram of the multi-stage variable diameter system of the utility model;

[0034] Fig.13 This is the expanded structure diagram of the multi-stage variable diameter system of the utility model;

[0035] Fig.14 This is a structural diagram of the depth displacement sensor of the utility model;

[0036] Fig.15 This is a structural diagram of the diameter displacement sensor of the utility model.

[0037] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: 1-first position fixing system, 2-hydraulic feeding system, 3-second position fixing system, 4-servo motor device, 5-multi-stage variable diameter system, 6-depth displacement sensor, 7-diameter displacement sensor;

[0038] 101-upper base plate of the first position fixing system, 102-hydraulic cylinder of the first position fixing system, 103-piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder of the first position fixing system, 104-connecting rod shaft of the first position fixing system, 105-lower base plate of the first position fixing system, 106-oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the first position fixing system, 107-oil outlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the first position fixing system, 108-cross slider of the first position fixing system, 109-connecting rod of the first position fixing system, 1010-connecting column of the first position fixing system, 1011-support plate of the first position fixing system, 1012-lifting ring;

[0039] 201- telescopic hydraulic cylinder body, 202- oil inlet A, 203- oil inlet B, 204- telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod;

[0040] 301-upper plane plate of the second position fixing system, 302-hydraulic cylinder of the second position fixing system, 303-piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder of the second position fixing system, 304-connecting rod shaft of the second position fixing system, 305-lower plane plate of the second position fixing system, 306-oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the second position fixing system, 307-oil outlet of the hydraulic cylinder of the second position fixing system, 308-cross slider of the second position fixing system, 309-connecting rod of the second position fixing system, 3010-connecting column of the second position fixing system, 3011-support plate of the second position fixing system;

[0041] 401-servo motor upper base plate, 402-dust cover, 403-servo motor lower base plate, 404-servo motor, 405-servo motor shaft, 406-servo motor device connecting column, 407-brush slip ring;

[0042] 501-upper base plate of multi-stage variable diameter system, 502-lower base plate of multi-stage variable diameter system, 503-driving motor, 504-telescopic electric cylinder, 505-driving motor dust cover, 506-telescopic electric cylinder piston rod, 507-connecting ring, 508-connecting rod A, 509-connecting rod B, 5010-cross universal joint; 5011-connecting column of multi-stage variable diameter system, 5012 fixed tool disc, 5013-tool;

[0043] 601-deep displacement sensor connection port, 602-depth displacement sensor measuring probe;

[0044] 701-diameter displacement sensor connection port, 702-diameter displacement sensor measurement probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The specific contents of the utility model are further explained in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0046] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "first", "second", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. Moreover, the scope of implementation of the utility model is not limited to this. All equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solution of this application fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 15 The overall structure diagram and parts structure diagram of the utility model are shown. This example shows a self-lifting hole expansion device for realizing the hole expansion requirements of cast-in-place piles. The device mainly includes a first position fixing system 1, a hydraulic feed system 2, a second position fixing system 3, a servo motor device 4, a multi-stage variable diameter system 5, a depth displacement sensor 6, and a diameter displacement sensor 7. The hydraulic feed system 2 is connected to the first position fixing system lower base plate 105 in the first position fixing system 1 and the second position fixing system upper plane plate 301 in the second position fixing system 3 by bolts. The servo motor upper base plate 401 of the servo motor device 4 is connected to the second position fixing system lower plane plate 305 in the second position fixing system 3 by bolts, and the servo motor shaft 405 of the servo motor device 4 is connected to the multi-stage variable diameter system upper base plate 501 by bolts. The depth displacement sensor 6 is connected to the first position fixing system lower base plate 105 in the first position fixing system 1 and the second position fixing system upper plane plate 301 in the second position fixing system 3 by bolts. The diameter displacement sensor 7 is respectively connected to the multi-stage diameter-changing system lower base plate 502 and the fixed tool disc 5012 in the multi-stage diameter-changing system 5 by bolts.

[0048] The first position fixing system 1 comprises an upper base plate 101 of the first position fixing system, a hydraulic oil cylinder 102 of the first position fixing system, a piston rod 103 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the first position fixing system, a connecting rod shaft 104 of the first position fixing system, a lower base plate 105 of the first position fixing system, an oil inlet 106 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the first position fixing system, an oil outlet 107 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the first position fixing system, a cross slide block 108 of the first position fixing system, a connecting rod 109 of the first position fixing system, a connecting column 1010 of the first position fixing system, a supporting plate 1011 of the first position fixing system, and a lifting ring 1012. The upper base plate 101 of the first position fixing system and the lower base plate 105 of the first position fixing system are connected by the connecting column 1010 of the first position fixing system, and the hydraulic oil cylinder 102 of the first position fixing system is connected to an external hydraulic circuit. When the hydraulic pump supplies oil, the piston rod 103 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the first position fixing system extends downward, and when the reversing valve is reversed and the hydraulic pump supplies oil, the piston rod 103 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the first position fixing system is retracted upward. The first position fixing system cross slider 108 is connected to the first position fixing system hydraulic cylinder piston rod 103 by bolts, so that the first position fixing system cross slider 108 can move up and down with the first position fixing system hydraulic cylinder piston rod 103, and the first position fixing system connecting rod 109 is connected to the first position fixing system cross slider 108 through the first position fixing system connecting rod shaft 104. Therefore, when the first position fixing system cross slider 108 moves, the first position fixing system connecting rod 109 rotates around the first position fixing system connecting rod shaft 104, and the first position fixing system support plate 1011 extends outward with the movement of the first position fixing system connecting rod 109.

[0049] The hydraulic feed system 2 includes a telescopic hydraulic cylinder body 201, an oil inlet A202, an oil inlet B203, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder body 201 and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 form a double-acting single-piston-rod hydraulic cylinder. The oil inlet A202 and the oil inlet B203 are respectively connected to external oil pipes to achieve the telescopic movement of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 is connected to the servo motor device 4 via bolts. When the tool 5013 in the multi-stage variable diameter system 5 starts cutting and reaming, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 gradually extends downward until the reaming depth reaches a predetermined depth. When the predetermined depth is reached, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 is retracted upward.

[0050] The second position fixing system 3 has a similar structure to the first position fixing system 1. It includes an upper plane plate 301 of the second position fixing system, a hydraulic oil cylinder 302 of the second position fixing system, a piston rod 303 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the second position fixing system, a connecting rod shaft 304 of the second position fixing system, a lower plane plate 305 of the second position fixing system, an oil inlet 306 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the second position fixing system, an oil outlet 307 of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the second position fixing system, a cross slide block 308 of the second position fixing system, a connecting rod 309 of the second position fixing system, a connecting column 3010 of the second position fixing system, and a supporting plate 3011 of the second position fixing system.

[0051] The servo motor device 4 includes a servo motor upper base plate 401, a servo motor dust cover 402, a servo motor lower base plate 403, a servo motor shaft 405, a servo motor device connecting column 406, and a brush slip ring 407. The servo motor 404 is fixed to the servo motor lower base plate 403 by bolts, the servo motor upper base plate 401 and the servo motor lower base plate 403 are connected by the servo motor device connecting column 406, and the brush slip ring 407 is fixed to the servo motor lower base plate 403 by bolts, so as to provide power to the multi-stage variable diameter system 5 for subsequent diameter expansion operation.

[0052] The multi-stage variable diameter system 5 comprises a multi-stage variable diameter system upper base plate 501, a multi-stage variable diameter system lower base plate 502, a driving motor 503, a telescopic electric cylinder 504, a driving motor dust cover 505, a telescopic electric cylinder piston rod 506, a connecting ring 507, a connecting rod A508, a connecting rod B509, a cross universal joint 5010, a multi-stage variable diameter system connecting column 5011, a fixed tool disk 5012, and a tool 5013. The driving motor 503 is fixed to the multi-stage variable diameter system upper base plate 501 by bolts, and the telescopic electric cylinder 504 is connected to the driving motor 503. The connecting ring 507 is connected to the telescopic electric cylinder piston rod 506 by bolts, and slides downward as the telescopic electric cylinder piston rod 506 extends. One end of the connecting rod A508 is connected to the connecting ring 507, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod B509 through a cross universal joint 5010, and the other end of the connecting rod B509 is connected to the tool 5013. The fixed tool disc 5012 is fixed by a multi-stage diameter reducing system connecting column 5011 to ensure a stable state during rotation. The tool 5013 is fixed to the four arms of the fixed tool disc 5012 by bolts.

[0053] The depth displacement sensor connection port 601 in the depth displacement sensor 6 is connected, and the downward extension distance information of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 can be monitored in real time by the depth displacement sensor measuring probe 602, so as to clearly understand the expansion depth information.

[0054] The diameter displacement sensor connection port 701 in the diameter displacement sensor 7 is connected, and the diameter displacement sensor measuring probe 702 can obtain the position of the telescopic electric cylinder piston rod 506, so that the diameter displacement sensor 7 can monitor the axial distance information of the telescopic electric cylinder piston rod 506 in real time. According to the axial distance information obtained by the linear displacement sensor 7, the diameter information of the hole expansion can be obtained according to the proportion, so as to better understand the hole expansion effect.

[0055] When the device of the utility model is used:

[0056] The first step is to drill a hole with a drilling machine. The drilling depth should be deeper than the required depth to avoid the accumulation of soil hindering the cutting and improve the hole expansion efficiency. Then, an external device is used to place the hole expansion device at the specified hole depth through the lifting ring 1012;

[0057] In the second step, oil is introduced into the oil inlet 106 of the hydraulic cylinder of the first position fixing system, so that the piston rod 103 of the hydraulic cylinder of the first position fixing system extends downward under the push of the high-pressure oil, and the cross slider 108 of the first position fixing system extends to push the four first position fixing system connecting rods 109 to move diagonally downward, and then the four first position fixing system connecting rods 109 respectively push the four first position fixing system support plates 1011 to extend outward to expand, and when the piston rod 103 of the hydraulic cylinder of the first position fixing system in the hole reaches the limit position, it will stop moving. At this time, the four first position fixing system support plates 1011 form a complete flat circular ring, which is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hole and can withstand a large load, and the entire device is fixed in a certain position.

[0058] The third step is to start the servo motor 404 to start the multi-stage variable diameter system 5 to rotate. Hydraulic oil is supplied externally, and the oil inlet A202 of the hydraulic feed system continuously flows with oil. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 will steadily extend downward, and the telescopic electric cylinder 504 will be started. The telescopic electric cylinder piston rod 506 will extend vertically, causing the connecting rod A508 to move outward, and further drive the connecting rod B509 to move through the cross universal joint 5010, so that the tool 5013 is extended. The tool 5013 will rotate with the fixed tool disk 5012 to perform the hole expansion operation. The hole expansion depth will continue to increase with the extension of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 until it reaches the maximum feed point of the hydraulic feed system;

[0059] Step 4: When the reaming diameter reaches the specified requirement and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 has been fully extended, the reaming device needs to move vertically downward for subsequent cutting. The second position fixing system support plate 3011 of the second position fixing system 3 is opened, so that the second position fixing system 3 is close to the inner wall, and then the first position fixing system support plate 1011 of the first position fixing system 1 is retracted. At this time, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 is fixed, and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder body 201 is in an active state. Under the action of hydraulic oil, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder body 201 moves downward until the telescopic hydraulic device is in a retracted state. Then the first position fixing system support plate 1011 of the first position fixing system 1 is opened, and the second position fixing system support plate 3011 of the second position fixing system 3 is retracted. Start to continue the reaming and cutting operation, and when the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod 204 has been fully extended, repeat the above steps.

[0060] Step 5. After the hole reaming and cutting work is completed, turn off the servo motor 404, reverse the drive motor 503, retract the telescopic electric cylinder piston rod 506 upward, and retract the tool 5013 to the initial position along with the connecting rod A508 and the connecting rod B509. Then, when the rest of the system is in the original state, oil is introduced into the oil outlet 107 of the first position fixing system oil cylinder, the first position fixing system hydraulic oil cylinder piston rod 103 is gradually retracted, and the first position fixing system cross slide block 108 is retracted accordingly. The four first position fixing system connecting rods 109 are retracted obliquely upward, and the four first position fixing system support plates 1011 will return to their original positions along with the retraction of the first position fixing system connecting rods 109. At this time, the entire hole reaming device is in the initial state. Finally, retract the device through the lifting ring 1012 to complete the operation.

[0061] It should be noted that the above-described implementation methods are illustrative of the technical solution of the utility model rather than limiting. Equivalent substitutions made by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field or other modifications made according to existing technologies should be included in the rights and scope required by the utility model as long as they do not exceed the idea and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A self-lifting hole expanding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first position fixing system (1), a hydraulic feed system (2), a second position fixing system (3), a servo motor device (4), a multi-stage variable diameter system (5), a depth displacement sensor (6), and a diameter displacement sensor (7); the hydraulic feed system (2) is respectively connected to a first position fixing system upper base plate (101) in the first position fixing system (1) and a second position fixing system upper plane plate (301) in the second position fixing system (3) by bolts; the servo motor device (4) is respectively connected to a second position fixing system upper plane plate (301) in the second position fixing system (3) The position fixing system lower plane plate (305) and the multi-stage variable diameter system upper base plate (501) in the multi-stage variable diameter system (5) are connected by bolts; the depth displacement sensor (6) is respectively connected to the first position fixing system lower base plate (105) in the first position fixing system (1) and the second position fixing system upper plane plate (301) in the second position fixing system (3) by bolts; and the diameter displacement sensor (7) is respectively connected to the multi-stage variable diameter system lower base plate (502) and the fixed tool disc (5012) in the multi-stage variable diameter system (5) by bolts.

2. A self-elevating hole-expanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first position fixing system upper base plate (101) and the first position fixing system lower base plate (105) in the first position fixing system (1) are connected via a first position fixing system connecting column (1010), and the first position fixing system hydraulic cylinder (102) is connected to an external hydraulic circuit; when the hydraulic pump supplies oil, the first position fixing system hydraulic cylinder piston rod (103) extends downward, and when the reversing valve is reversed and the hydraulic pump supplies oil, the first position fixing system hydraulic cylinder piston rod (103) is retracted upward; the first position fixing system cross slide (108) is connected to the first position fixing system hydraulic cylinder piston rod (103) via bolts, so that the first position fixing system cross slide (108) moves with the first position fixing system. The piston rod (103) of the hydraulic cylinder of the position fixing system moves upward and downward, and the first position fixing system connecting rod (109) is connected to the first position fixing system cross slide (108) via the first position fixing system connecting rod shaft (104); when the first position fixing system cross slide (108) moves, the first position fixing system connecting rod (109) rotates around the first position fixing system connecting rod shaft (104), so that the first position fixing system support plate (1011) extends outward along with the movement of the first position fixing system connecting rod (109); the second position fixing system (3) is similar in structure to the first position fixing system (1), except that the lifting ring (1012) in the first position fixing system (1) is missing.

3. A self-elevating hole-expanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet A (202) and the oil inlet B (203) in the hydraulic feed system (2) are respectively connected to external oil pipes to achieve the extension and retraction of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod (204).

4. A self-elevating hole-expanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo motor (404) in the servo motor device (4) is fixed to the servo motor lower base plate (403) by bolts, the servo motor upper base plate (401) and the servo motor lower base plate (403) are connected by a servo motor device connecting column (406), and the brush slip ring (407) is fixed to the servo motor lower base plate (403) by bolts.

5. The self-elevating hole-expanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth displacement sensor connection port (601) in the depth displacement sensor (6) is connected, and information on the downward extension distance of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston rod (204) can be monitored in real time by the depth displacement sensor measuring probe (602).

6. A self-elevating hole-expanding device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter displacement sensor connection port (701) in the diameter displacement sensor (7) is connected, and the diameter displacement sensor measurement probe (702) can obtain the position of the telescopic electric cylinder piston rod (506), so that the diameter displacement sensor (7) can monitor the axial distance information of the telescopic electric cylinder piston rod (506) in real time.

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