Automatic centering and tightening equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic centering and tightening device which comprises a bottom plate. The press-fit mechanism comprises a carrying plate connected to the top of the bottom plate in a sliding mode, a bearing seat fixed to the top of the carrying plate, a clamping groove formed in the top of the bearing seat and used for bearing a nut, a pressing block arranged above the bearing seat in a lifting mode, and a pressing groove formed in the bottom of the pressing block. The pressing block descends to press the nut between the pressing groove and the clamping groove. The tightening mechanism comprises a sliding plate connected to the top of the bottom plate in a sliding mode, a torque shaft rotationally installed on the top of the sliding plate, an adapter connected with the torque shaft and a locking rod integrally connected to the side, away from the torque shaft, of the adapter. The automatic centering and tightening equipment is high in automation degree, the assembling efficiency of the nut and the screw rod is remarkably improved, and the labor cost input is saved; and the assembly precision of finished products can be ensured, and the qualification rate of the finished products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of bolt assembly, and in particular relates to automatic centering and tightening equipment. Background Art

[0002] A nut is a nut that is screwed together with a bolt or a screw to tighten the part. It is a necessary component for all manufacturing machinery. Figure 8 As shown, a hexagonal recess 6 is provided at one end of the screw rod 5 , and an operator uses a hexagonal screwdriver to screw the screw rod 5 into the nut 4 during screwing.

[0003] In the prior art, the assembly of the screw rod 5 and the nut 4 needs to be completed manually, that is, the operator takes the screw rod 5 and the nut 4 with his left and right hands respectively, screws the screw rod 5 into the nut 4, and then uses a hexagonal screwdriver to complete the final tightening work.

[0004] The efficiency of manual assembly in the prior art is low and cannot meet the needs of large-scale product assembly. Moreover, manual assembly cannot ensure the consistency of the screwing depth of the screw, and there are defects such as the screw not being screwed into place causing the assembly to become loose or the stress concentration causing breakage due to excessive assembly. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide an automatic centering tightening device to overcome the defects in the prior art that an operator is required to manually screw a screw into a nut, which results in low assembly efficiency and inability to ensure the screwing depth of the screw.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an automatic centering tightening device, which comprises:

[0007] Base plate;

[0008] A pressing mechanism, the pressing mechanism is fixed on the top of the bottom plate, the pressing mechanism comprises a carrier plate slidably connected to the top of the bottom plate, a bearing seat fixed on the top of the carrier plate, a clamping groove opened on the top of the bearing seat and used to carry a nut, a pressing block liftably arranged above the bearing seat, and a pressing groove opened at the bottom of the pressing block, the pressing block descends to press the nut between the pressing groove and the clamping groove;

[0009] A tightening mechanism, the tightening mechanism is fixed to the top of the base plate, the tightening mechanism comprises a slide plate slidably connected to the top of the base plate, a torque shaft rotatably mounted on the top of the slide plate, an adapter connected to the torque shaft, and a locking rod integrally connected to the adapter on a side away from the torque shaft, wherein a screw is inserted into the locking rod;

[0010] The locking rod screws the screw onto the nut.

[0011] Optimally, the pressing mechanism also includes a vertical plate fixed on the top of the carrier plate, a top plate fixed on the top of the vertical plate, a guide sleeve embedded in the top plate, a guide column passing through the guide sleeve, a guide plate connecting the guide column and the pressing block, and a pressing cylinder fixed on the top of the top plate, and the pressing cylinder is connected to the guide plate.

[0012] Optimally, the tightening mechanism also includes an insert block integrally connected to one end of the torque shaft, a lock hole passing through the insert block, a slot provided on one side of the adapter, and a through hole provided on the adapter and matching the lock hole, and the insert block is inserted in the slot.

[0013] Optimally, the tightening mechanism also includes a motor mounting plate and a sleeve fixing plate fixed on the top of the skateboard, a sleeve embedded in the sleeve fixing plate, a reducer fixed on one side of the motor mounting plate, a rotating motor connected to the reducer, and a transition assembly connecting the reducer and the torque shaft, and the torque shaft is passed through the sleeve.

[0014] Optimally, the transition assembly includes a bearing seat fixing plate fixed on the skateboard, a bearing seat fixed on the bearing seat fixing plate, a transition shaft installed in the bearing seat, and a first coupling and a second coupling connected at both ends of the transition shaft, the first coupling is connected to the reducer, and the second coupling is connected to the torque shaft.

[0015] Optimally, the pressing mechanism also includes a pad fixed on the top of the base plate, a first support plate fixed on the top of the pad, a pressing slide rail fixed on the top of the first support plate, a pressing slider slidably mounted on the pressing slide rail, a first cylinder fixing plate fixed on one side of the first support plate, and a pressing pushing cylinder fixed on the first cylinder fixing plate, wherein the pressing pushing cylinder is connected to a carrier plate, and the carrier plate is fixed on the pressing slider.

[0016] Optimally, the pressing mechanism also includes a feeding slide rail fixed on the top of the base plate, a feeding slider slidably mounted on the feeding slide rail, and a connecting plate fixed on the feeding slider, and the other side of the connecting plate is connected to the carrier plate.

[0017] Optimally, the tightening mechanism also includes a second support plate fixed on the top of the base plate, a tightening slide rail fixed on the top of the second support plate, a tightening slider slidably mounted on the tightening slide rail, a boss fixed on the top of the second support plate, and an anti-collision block fixed on the inner side of the boss, and the slider is fixed on the tightening slider.

[0018] Optimally, the anti-collision block is made of rubber.

[0019] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] When assembling and tightening, the utility model discloses an automatic centering tightening device. First, the nut is placed in the slot of the bearing seat, and the pressing mechanism sends it to the tightening station and completes the pressing of the nut. The notch of the screw is aligned with the locking rod, and then the screw is inserted into the locking rod. The screw is driven forward by the tightening mechanism and the screw is assembled and screwed into the nut. The whole process has a high degree of automation, which significantly improves the assembly efficiency of the nut and the screw, and saves the labor cost investment. It can also ensure the assembly accuracy of the finished product and improve the qualified rate of the finished product.

[0021] Furthermore, the plug-in connection between the torque shaft and the locking rod can not only meet the torque transmission requirements, but also allow different locking rods to be replaced, thus improving versatility.

[0022] Furthermore, by providing a transition assembly, it is avoided that the rotating motor is directly connected to the torque shaft, and the connecting shaft is prevented from bending downward due to the connecting shaft being too long. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tightening mechanism of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tightening mechanism of the utility model from another angle;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the tightening mechanism of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the torque shaft of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a positional relationship diagram of the nut and the screw of the utility model;

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Bottom plate;

[0033] 2. Pressing mechanism; 201. pad; 202. first support plate; 203. pressing slide rail; 204. pressing slider; 205. first cylinder fixing plate; 206. pressing push cylinder; 207. carrier plate; 208. feeding slide rail; 209. feeding slider; 210. connecting plate; 211. proximity switch; 212. bearing seat; 213. card slot; 214. vertical plate; 215. top plate; 216. diagonal support; 217. guide sleeve; 218. guide column; 219. pressing cylinder; 220. guide plate; 221. pressing block; 222. pressing slot; 223. first hydraulic buffer;

[0034] 3. Tightening mechanism; 301. Second support plate; 302. Tightening slide rail; 303. Tightening slider; 304. Boss; 305. Anti-collision block; 306. Slide plate; 307. Second cylinder fixing plate; 308. Tightening push cylinder; 309. Contact block; 310. Angle plate; 311. Second oil pressure buffer; 312. Limit screw; 313. Motor mounting plate; 314. Rotating motor; 315. Bushing fixing plate; 316. Bushing; 317. First coupling; 318. Second coupling; 319. Bearing seat fixing plate; 320. Reducer; 321. Bearing seat; 322. Transition shaft; 323. Torque shaft; 324. Insert block; 325. Lock hole; 326. Adapter; 327. Slot; 328. Through hole; 329. Locking rod;

[0035] 4. Nut;

[0036] 5. Screw;

[0037] 6. Notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic centering tightening device of the utility model, which is usually used for tightening Figure 8 The nut 4 and the screw rod 5 are shown, and a hexagonal notch 6 is provided on one side of the screw rod 5. In the prior art, it is convenient for technicians to hold a hexagonal screwdriver to lock the screw rod 5 into the nut 4. Figure 1 The automatic centering tightening device shown includes a base plate 1 , a pressing mechanism 2 and a tightening mechanism 3 .

[0040] The base plate 1 is fixed on the assembly machine by screw fastening. The pressing mechanism 2 is arranged on the base plate 1 for conveying the nut 4 to be locked. The tightening mechanism 3 is arranged on one side of the pressing mechanism 2 for conveying the screw 5 and bringing it close to the nut 4, and then screwing the screw 5 into the nut 4 to complete the assembly of the two products.

[0041] like Figure 2As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing mechanism 2, which is arranged on the bottom plate 1 for conveying the nut 4 to be locked. The pressing mechanism 2 includes a pad 201, a first support plate 202, a pressing rail 203, a pressing slider 204, a first cylinder fixing plate 205, a pressing push cylinder 206, a carrier plate 207, a feeding rail 208, a feeding slider 209, a connecting plate 210, a proximity switch 211, a bearing seat 212, a slot 213, a vertical plate 214, a top plate 215, a diagonal brace 216, a guide sleeve 217, a guide column 218, a pressing cylinder 219, a guide plate 220, a pressing block 221, a pressing groove 222 and a first hydraulic buffer 223. There are two pads 201, which are fixed to the top of the bottom plate 1 by screw fastening. The pads 201 are used to prop up the carrier plate 207, so as to facilitate the subsequent centering and tightening of the nut 4 and the screw 5.

[0042] The first support plate 202 is fixed on the top of the two pads 201, the pressing rail 203 is fixed on the top of the first support plate 202 by screw fastening, and the pressing slider 204 is slidably installed on the pressing rail 203. The carrier plate 207 is fixed on the pressing slider 204, and when the carrier plate 207 moves, it will drive the pressing slider 204 to move synchronously along the pressing rail 203, thereby increasing the stability and accuracy of the carrier plate 207 when moving.

[0043] The first cylinder fixing plate 205 is vertically fixed on one side of the first supporting plate 202, the cylinder body of the press-fit pushing cylinder 206 is fixed on the first cylinder fixing plate 205, the piston rod of the press-fit pushing cylinder 206 passes through the first cylinder fixing plate 205 and is connected to the carrier plate 207, and the press-fit pushing cylinder 206 drives the carrier plate 207 to move linearly on the base plate 1.

[0044] A first hydraulic buffer 223 is fixed to one side of the first support plate 202 away from the first cylinder fixing plate 205. When the carrier plate 207 moves to the tightening position, it will contact the first hydraulic buffer 223. The first hydraulic buffer 223 reduces noise and vibration while converting the kinetic energy generated by the moving object into heat energy and releasing it into the atmosphere, thereby achieving a balanced and effective stop of the object during movement.

[0045] The feeding slide rail 208 is fixed to the top of the bottom plate 1 by screw fastening and is parallel to the pressing slide rail 203. The feeding slider 209 is slidably mounted on the feeding slide rail 208. The connecting plate 210 is "L" shaped, with one side fixed to the feeding slider 209 and the other side fixed to the carrier plate 207. When the pressing push cylinder 206 drives the carrier plate 207 to move, the pressing slider 204 will slide along the pressing slide rail 203, and at the same time, the feeding slider 209 will slide along the feeding slide rail 208 synchronously. This improves the stability of the carrier plate 207 when it moves, and prevents it from deviating left and right, which affects the subsequent assembly and tightening operations.

[0046] The bearing seat 212 is fixed on the top of the carrier plate 207, and the slot 213 is provided on the top of the bearing seat 212. A structure matching the outer surface of the nut 4 is provided in the slot 213, and the nut 4 to be screwed and assembled is placed on the slot 213. The proximity switch 211 is fixed on the carrier plate 207 and is located on one side of the bearing seat 212. When the tightening mechanism 3 subsequently screws the screw 5 into the nut 4, the screw 5 will pass through the nut 4 for a distance because the length of the screw 5 is greater than the length of the nut 4. The proximity switch 211 is used to monitor the length of the screw 5 to avoid the defect that the screw 5 is not screwed in place, resulting in looseness in assembly, or the defect that the screw 5 is broken due to stress concentration caused by excessive assembly.

[0047] The vertical plate 214 is vertically fixed on the top of the carrier plate 207, and the top plate 215 is fixed on the top of the vertical plate 214 and is parallel to the carrier plate 207. An oblique brace 216 is provided between the top plate 215 and the vertical plate 214 to improve the structural strength between the top plate 215 and the vertical plate 214 and prevent the top plate 215 from bending downward when the nut 4 is pressed.

[0048] The cylinder body of the pressing cylinder 219 is fixed on the top plate 215, and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 219 passes through the top plate 215 and is connected to the pressing block 221. The pressing cylinder 219 drives the pressing block 221 to descend to press the nut 4, so as to avoid the nut 4 from being overturned when the screw 5 is subsequently screwed and assembled. The bottom of the pressing block 221 is provided with a pressing groove 222 that matches the outer surface of the nut 4. Therefore, before assembly, the pressing cylinder 219 drives the pressing block 221 to descend until the nut 4 is pressed between the clamping groove 213 and the pressing groove 222.

[0049] In order to improve the position accuracy of the pressing block 221 when it descends and avoid the defect of the pressing block 221 not being properly installed due to the left-right deviation when it descends, a matching guide sleeve 217 and a guide column 218 are provided on the top plate 215. The guide column 218 and the pressing block 221 are connected through the guide plate 220. When the pressing cylinder 219 drives the pressing block 221 to descend, it will drive the guide column 218 to descend synchronously in the guide sleeve 217, so as to realize the positioning and guiding of the pressing block 221.

[0050] like Figure 3-5As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tightening mechanism 3, which is fixed on the bottom plate 1 and located on one side of the pressing mechanism 2, and is used to convey the screw 5 and make it close to the nut 4, and then screw the screw 5 into the nut 4 to complete the assembly of the two products. The tightening mechanism 3 includes a second support plate 301, a tightening slide rail 302, a tightening slider 303, a boss 304, an anti-collision block 305, a slide plate 306, a second cylinder fixing plate 307, a tightening push cylinder 308, a contact block 309, an angle plate 310, a second oil pressure buffer 311, a limit screw 312, a motor mounting plate 313, a rotating motor 314, a transition assembly, a sleeve fixing plate 315, a sleeve 316, a reducer 320, a torque shaft 323, an insert block 324, a lock hole 325, an adapter 326, a slot 327, a through hole 328 and a locking rod 329.

[0051] The second support plate 301 is fixed on the top of the bottom plate 1, the tightening rail 302 is screwed on the top of the second support plate 301, and the tightening slider 303 is slidably installed on the tightening rail 302. The slide plate 306 is fixed on the tightening slider 303, and when the slide plate 306 moves, it will drive the tightening slider 303 to move synchronously along the tightening rail 302 (the tightening rail 302 has the same function as the pressing rail 203, which will not be described here). The moving direction of the slide plate 306 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the carrier plate 207, and then the screw 5 is screwed into the nut 4.

[0052] The second cylinder fixing plate 307 is fixed on the base plate 1 and is located on one side of the second support plate 301. A contact block 309 is fixed on the side of the slide plate 306 close to the second cylinder fixing plate 307. The cylinder body of the tightening push cylinder 308 is fixed on the second cylinder fixing plate 307. The piston rod of the tightening push cylinder 308 passes through the second cylinder fixing plate 307 and is connected to the contact block 309. By tightening the push cylinder 308, the contact block 309 and the slide plate 306 are driven to move close to the carrier plate 207, and then the screw 5 is screwed into the nut 4.

[0053] There are two bosses 304, which are fixed on the top of the second support plate 301 and located on both sides of the length direction of the tightening slide rail 302. Rubber anti-collision blocks 305 are fixed on the opposite sides of the bosses 304. When the slide plate 306 is driven to move by tightening the push cylinder 308, the two sets of extreme positions of the slide plate 306 are limited by setting the bosses 304 to prevent the slide plate 306 from slipping off; and the rubber anti-collision blocks 305 can absorb vibration and reduce the resonance effect on the entire set of equipment.

[0054] The angle plate 310 is fixed to the other side of the slide plate 306, and a second oil pressure buffer 311 is fixed to the angle plate 310. The limit screw 312 is fixed to the other side of the second support plate 301, and cooperates with the second oil pressure buffer 311 (the second oil pressure buffer 311 has the same function as the first oil pressure buffer 223, which will not be described here). The limit screw 312 cooperates with the second oil pressure buffer 311 to limit the moving position of the slide plate 306.

[0055] The motor mounting plate 313 and the shaft sleeve fixing plate 315 are respectively fixed on both sides of the top of the slide plate 306. A reducer 320 is fixed on the side of the motor mounting plate 313 away from the shaft sleeve fixing plate 315, and a rotary motor 314 is installed on the reducer 320. When the rotary motor 314 drives the locking rod 329 to rotate to screw the screw 5, the reducer 320 can reduce the output speed thereof to avoid excessive screwing of the screw 5 caused by its high-speed rotation.

[0056] The shaft sleeve 316 is embedded in the shaft sleeve fixing plate 315, and the torque shaft 323 is rotatably mounted in the shaft sleeve 316 through the bearing. The rotary motor 314 drives the torque shaft 323 to rotate, thereby transmitting the torque to the locking rod 329 at the front end. The torque shaft 323 is easily twisted off or deformed when subjected to torque for a long time, so the shaft sleeve 316 is provided to protect the torque shaft 323.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the torque shaft 323 , one end of the torque shaft 323 is integrally connected with an insert block 324 , and the insert block 324 is provided with a through lock hole 325 (the insert block 324 is a quadrilateral block). Figure 7 As shown, a slot 327 that matches with the plug block 324 is provided on one side of the adapter 326, and a through hole 328 is provided on the adapter 326 and matches with the lock hole 325. During actual assembly, the plug block 324 is inserted into the slot 327, and then the pin is passed through the through hole 328 and the lock hole 325 to complete the fixation of the two. When the rotary motor 314 drives the torque shaft 323 to rotate, the torque is transmitted by relying on the plug-in cooperation between the plug block 324 and the slot 327.

[0058] The locking rod 329 is integrally connected to the side of the adapter 326 away from the torque shaft 323. The end face of the locking rod 329 is a regular hexagon, which matches the notch 6 on one side of the screw 5. When assembling and tightening, the technician aligns the notch 6 of the screw 5 with the locking rod 329, and then inserts the screw 5 into the locking rod 329 (due to the plug-in connection between the plug block 324 and the slot 327, when replacing nuts 4 and screws 5 of different shapes, the matching locking rod 329 can be replaced, which improves versatility and avoids the waste of cost caused by repeated mold opening).

[0059] A transition assembly is provided between the rotating motor 314 and the torque shaft 323 to prevent the rotating motor 314 from being directly connected to the torque shaft 323, which may cause the connecting shaft to bend downward due to the excessive length of the connecting shaft. The transition assembly includes a first coupling 317, a second coupling 318, a bearing seat fixing plate 319, a bearing seat 321 and a transition shaft 322. The bearing seat fixing plate 319 is fixed to the top of the slide plate 306, the bearing seat 321 is fixed between the two bearing seat fixing plates 319, and the transition shaft 322 is rotatably installed in the bearing seat 321 through a bearing.

[0060] The first coupling 317 is used to connect the reducer 320 and the transition shaft 322, and the second coupling 318 is used to connect the torque shaft 323 and the transition shaft 322. The torque is transmitted through the first coupling 317 and the second coupling 318, and the coupling can also compensate for the installation deviation between the shafts.

[0061] The tightening principle of the automatic centering tightening device of the utility model is as follows:

[0062] First, the nut 4 is placed in the slot 213 of the bearing seat 212, and the pressing cylinder 206 pushes the carrier plate 207 to the assembly tightening position. At this time, the pressing cylinder 219 drives the pressing block 221 to descend until the nut 4 is pressed between the slot 213 and the pressing slot 222, so as to avoid the nut 4 from being turned over when the screw 5 is subsequently screwed.

[0063] Align the notch 6 of the screw 5 with the locking rod 329, then insert the screw 5 into the locking rod 329, tighten the cylinder 308 to drive the slide 306 to move toward the side close to the nut 4, during which the rotary motor 314 works, and after the speed reduction by the reducer 320, the torque is transmitted to the locking rod 329 at the front end by the transition assembly, and finally the locking rod 329 screws the screw 5 into the nut 4;

[0064] Finally, the extended length of the screw 5 is monitored by the proximity switch 211 to avoid the screw 5 being loose due to insufficient screwing or the defect of breaking due to stress concentration caused by excessive assembly. After the assembly and screwing are completed, the carrier plate 207 can take out the finished product.

[0065] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the utility model, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the utility model and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic centering tightening device, characterized in that: It includes: Bottom plate (1); A pressing mechanism (2), the pressing mechanism (2) being fixed on the top of the bottom plate (1), the pressing mechanism (2) comprising a carrier plate (207) slidably connected to the top of the bottom plate (1), a bearing seat (212) fixed on the top of the carrier plate (207), a clamping groove (213) provided on the top of the bearing seat (212) and used for carrying the nut (4), a pressing block (221) being liftably arranged above the bearing seat (212), and a pressing groove (222) provided at the bottom of the pressing block (221), wherein the pressing block (221) is lowered to press the nut (4) between the pressing groove (222) and the clamping groove (213); A tightening mechanism (3), the tightening mechanism (3) being fixed on the top of the base plate (1), the tightening mechanism (3) comprising a slide plate (306) slidably connected to the top of the base plate (1), a torque shaft (323) rotatably mounted on the top of the slide plate (306), an adapter (326) connected to the torque shaft (323), and a locking rod (329) integrally connected to a side of the adapter (326) away from the torque shaft (323), wherein a screw rod (5) is inserted into the locking rod (329); The locking rod (329) screws the screw rod (5) onto the nut (4).

2. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (2) further comprises a vertical plate (214) fixed on the top of the carrier plate (207), a top plate (215) fixed on the top of the vertical plate (214), a guide sleeve (217) embedded in the top plate (215), a guide column (218) passing through the guide sleeve (217), a guide plate (220) connecting the guide column (218) and the pressing block (221), and a pressing cylinder (219) fixed on the top of the top plate (215), wherein the pressing cylinder (219) is connected to the guide plate (220).

3. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening mechanism (3) further comprises an insert block (324) integrally connected to one end of the torque shaft (323), a locking hole (325) penetrating the insert block (324), a slot (327) provided on one side of the adapter (326), and a through hole (328) provided on the adapter (326) and matching with the locking hole (325), wherein the insert block (324) is inserted into the slot (327).

4. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening mechanism (3) also includes a motor mounting plate (313) and a sleeve fixing plate (315) fixed on the top of the slide plate (306), a sleeve (316) embedded in the sleeve fixing plate (315), a reducer (320) fixed on one side of the motor mounting plate (313), a rotating motor (314) connected to the reducer (320), and a transition component connecting the reducer (320) and a torque shaft (323), wherein the torque shaft (323) is inserted into the sleeve (316).

5. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transition assembly comprises a bearing seat fixing plate (319) fixed on the slide plate (306), a bearing seat (321) fixed on the bearing seat fixing plate (319), a transition shaft (322) installed in the bearing seat (321), and a first coupling (317) and a second coupling (318) connected to both ends of the transition shaft (322), wherein the first coupling (317) is connected to the reducer (320), and the second coupling (318) is connected to the torque shaft (323).

6. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (2) further comprises a pad (201) fixed on the top of the base plate (1), a first support plate (202) fixed on the top of the pad (201), a pressing slide rail (203) fixed on the top of the first support plate (202), a pressing slider (204) slidably mounted on the pressing slide rail (203), a first cylinder fixing plate (205) fixed on one side of the first support plate (202), and a pressing push cylinder (206) fixed on the first cylinder fixing plate (205), wherein the pressing push cylinder (206) is connected to a carrier plate (207), and the carrier plate (207) is fixed on the pressing slider (204).

7. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism (2) also includes a feeding slide rail (208) fixed on the top of the base plate (1), a feeding slider (209) slidably mounted on the feeding slide rail (208), and a connecting plate (210) fixed on the feeding slider (209), the other side of the connecting plate (210) being connected to the carrier plate (207).

8. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening mechanism (3) further comprises a second support plate (301) fixed on the top of the base plate (1), a tightening slide rail (302) fixed on the top of the second support plate (301), a tightening slider (303) slidably mounted on the tightening slide rail (302), a boss (304) fixed on the top of the second support plate (301), and an anti-collision block (305) fixed on the inner side of the boss (304); the slider (306) is fixed on the tightening slider (303).

9. The automatic centering tightening device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material of the anti-collision block (305) is rubber.

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