Novel combustor device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel combustor device for cold start of a hydrogen fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells. A hydrogen burner comprises a burner body and mounting supports, the burner body is provided with two hydrogen inlets and an air inlet, each inlet is provided with a pagoda opening, two mounting supports and a spark plug mounting hole are arranged at the maximum diameter position of the burner, and a flange plate is arranged at the tail of the burner and used for being connected with a heat exchanger. And the burner and the heat exchanger are arranged in a cooling liquid circulating pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell. Hydrogen is introduced through the two hydrogen inlets, air is introduced through the air inlet to mix the hydrogen and the air uniformly, and then the gas is ignited through the sparking plug, so that the gas is fully combusted, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the use cost is reduced; the tail of the combustor is next to the heat exchanger, open fire combustion heat exchange is achieved, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The arrangement of the combustor and the heat exchanger can heat the cooling liquid to realize the cold start of the hydrogen fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to the technical field of burners. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is one of the "most promising" energy sources in the 21st century and will play a pivotal role in the world energy arena. Hydrogen is abundant and widely distributed on the earth. Hydrogen also has the characteristics of high combustion calorific value and no pollution during combustion. It is also the cleanest, abundant and sustainable secondary energy in the world.

[0003] Hydrogen is a highly flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Compared with the combustion of gasoline, natural gas and other fuels, hydrogen combustion has the characteristics of wide ignition range, fast combustion speed, fast flame propagation speed and low ignition energy, and it is very easy to produce deflagration. In order to avoid the occurrence of deflagration and achieve full combustion of hydrogen, the concentration of hydrogen and the mixing effect of hydrogen and air must be controlled. In order to achieve full mixing of hydrogen and air, the existing hydrogen burners are mostly complex in structure design, which increases the difficulty and cost of processing, is not conducive to promotion and use, and is not suitable for the cold start process of hydrogen fuel cells. And the existing heat exchanger is not suitable for open flame combustion heat exchange, etc. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a novel burner device for cold starting of hydrogen fuel cells, comprising a hydrogen burner and a shell and tube heat exchanger, so as to solve the problems of insufficient hydrogen mixing, easy deflagration and incomplete combustion during combustion proposed in the above-mentioned background technology, and the complex structure and high processing cost of the hydrogen burner in the prior art, which is not suitable for the cold starting process of hydrogen fuel cells, and the existing heat exchanger is not suitable for heat exchange with open flame combustion.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A novel burner device for cold starting of a hydrogen fuel cell comprises two hydrogen inlets which are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the burner and a pagoda port is arranged at the front end of the hydrogen inlet.

[0007] It is further arranged that a mounting bracket is provided at the position where the burner has the largest diameter, and a mounting hole is punched on the mounting bracket.

[0008] Further configuration: a spark plug installation hole is provided at the position of the burner with the largest diameter.

[0009] Further configuration: a flange is processed at the tail of the burner.

[0010] It is further arranged that the internal cavity of the burner is in a cone shape, and the inlet diameter is smaller than the outlet diameter.

[0011] It is further provided that: the two hydrogen inlets are connected to the burner body by welding.

[0012] It is further provided that: the mounting bracket is connected to the burner body by welding.

[0013] It is further provided that: the flange and the burner are integrated into one body.

[0014] Further configuration: the tail of the burner is connected to the heat exchanger via a flange.

[0015] Further configuration: a heat exchange medium pipeline is provided inside the heat exchanger.

[0016] It is further configured that: the heat exchange medium pipeline is connected to the heat exchanger body through a support plate.

[0017] It is further configured that: the heat exchange medium includes water, ethylene glycol coolant, etc.

[0018] It is further configured that the burner and the heat exchanger are arranged in a coolant circulation pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0020] The design of double hydrogen inlets allows a more uniform mixing of hydrogen and air inside the burner. The symmetrical arrangement allows the hydrogen to be concentrated on the central axis of the burner, which is more conducive to the full combustion of hydrogen and improves the efficiency of the burner. The design of the mounting bracket and flange plate facilitates the installation of the burner. The flange plate at the tail is conveniently connected to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger can realize open flame combustion heat exchange and make full use of the heat generated by the burner. The burner and the heat exchanger are arranged in the coolant circulation pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell, which can transfer heat to the inside of the hydrogen fuel cell and realize the rapid cold start of the hydrogen fuel cell. In addition, the overall burner has a simple structure and low processing difficulty, which reduces the use cost and is conducive to promotion and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 An axonometric view of a hydrogen burner provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of a hydrogen burner provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 A cross-sectional hydrogen mass fraction distribution diagram of a hydrogen burner provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a hydrogen mass fraction distribution diagram of the outlet cross-section of the hydrogen burner provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 An axonometric view of a shell and tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a shell and tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 7 An axonometric diagram of the assembly of a hydrogen burner and a shell and tube heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a layout diagram of the hydrogen burner and heat exchanger provided in the hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 1-air inlet; 2-first hydrogen inlet; 3-spark plug mounting hole; 4-flange; 5-mounting bracket; 6-second hydrogen inlet; 7-burner expansion area; 8-burner combustion area; 9-heat exchanger flange; 10-heat exchange medium inlet; 11-heat exchange medium outlet; 12-heat exchanger mounting bracket; 13-heat exchanger; 14-heat exchange medium pipeline; 15-support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in the embodiment of the utility model:

[0034] A hydrogen burner comprises a burner body, a first hydrogen inlet (2), a second hydrogen inlet (6), a mounting bracket (5) and other components, wherein the first hydrogen inlet (2) and the second hydrogen inlet (6) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the burner, a pagoda mouth is provided at the front end of the hydrogen inlet, the mounting bracket (5) is arranged at the position of the maximum diameter of the burner, the burner body is provided with a spark plug mounting hole at the position of the maximum diameter of the burner, the burner body is provided with a flange at its rear end for connecting a heat exchanger, and the first hydrogen inlet (2), the second hydrogen inlet (6) and the mounting bracket (5) are all connected to the burner body by welding. Reference Figure 2 As shown, the internal cavity of the hydrogen burner adopts a cone shape, which realizes the transition from a small diameter at the gas inlet to a large diameter in the combustion area, which can effectively reduce the flow rate of the gas and is conducive to the full combustion of hydrogen.

[0035] Embodiment 2:

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 4 When the utility model hydrogen burner is used, the hydrogen burner is first fixed at a desired position by means of a mounting bracket (5), hydrogen enters the hydrogen burner through the first hydrogen inlet (2) and the second hydrogen inlet (6), and air enters the hydrogen burner through the air inlet (1). Affected by the hydrogen inlet angle and the burner expansion area (7), the hydrogen and air can be effectively mixed. Figure 3 , in the entire cross section of the hydrogen burner, the hydrogen is distributed along the axis direction, refer to Figure 4 On the outlet cross section of the hydrogen burner, the hydrogen concentration gradually decreases from the center to the periphery, which is conducive to the full combustion of hydrogen. After the hydrogen and air are fully mixed, the spark plug installed above the combustion area (8) of the burner ignites the hydrogen and air mixer, and finally the water vapor generated after the combustion is discharged from the outlet.

[0037] Embodiment 3:

[0038] refer to Figures 5 to 7 The shell and tube heat exchanger of the utility model is first fixed in a suitable position by a heat exchanger mounting bracket (12), and connected to the hydrogen heat exchanger by a flange (9). The open flame of the hydrogen burner during combustion and the high-temperature gas after combustion flow through the entire shell and tube heat exchanger. The support plate (15) inside the shell and tube heat exchanger can not only fix the heat exchange medium pipeline (14), but also change the flow direction of the gas inside the heat exchanger, so that the high-temperature gas generated by the hydrogen burner is fully in contact with the heat exchange medium pipeline (14). The heat exchange medium flows into the heat exchange medium pipeline from the heat exchange medium inlet (10), and finally flows out of the heat exchange medium pipeline from the heat exchange medium outlet (11), completing the heat transfer.

[0039] Embodiment 4:

[0040] refer to Figure 8 The utility model proposes a new type of burner device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a hydrogen burner and a shell and tube heat exchanger, which are arranged in a small circulation pipeline of hydrogen fuel cell coolant. The hydrogen and air required by the hydrogen burner are respectively supplied by the hydrogen path and air path of the hydrogen fuel cell. The rear of the hydrogen burner is connected to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange medium pipeline (14) inside the heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell cooling pipeline. During the cold start process of the hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen and air enter the hydrogen burner for combustion, and the generated heat is transferred to the coolant through the heat exchanger at the rear, and then brought to the inside of the hydrogen fuel cell by the coolant, so that the low-temperature cold start of the hydrogen fuel cell can be finally achieved.

Claims

1. A new type of burner device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises two hydrogen inlets (2) and (6), a mounting bracket (5), a burner flange (4) and a shell and tube heat exchanger (13), wherein the hydrogen inlets (2, 6) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the burner, and the front ends of the hydrogen inlets (2, 6) are provided with pagoda openings, the mounting bracket (5) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the burner and has mounting holes thereon, and 6 mounting holes are evenly distributed on the burner flange (4).

2. A novel burner device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (5) is connected to the burner body by welding, the burner flange (4) and the burner body are integrally formed, and the hydrogen inlet (2, 6) is connected to the burner body by welding.

3. A novel burner device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell and tube heat exchanger (13) is located at the rear of the burner and is connected to the burner device via a burner flange (4) and a heat exchanger flange (9).

4. A novel burner device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell and tube heat exchanger (13) comprises a heat exchange medium pipeline (14), a heat exchange medium inlet (10), a heat exchange medium outlet (11), a heat exchanger mounting bracket (12) and a heat exchanger flange (9); the heat exchange medium pipeline (14) is fixed by a support plate (15).

5. A novel burner device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger mounting bracket (12) is connected to the heat exchanger body by welding, the heat exchange medium inlet (10) and the heat exchange medium outlet (11) of the heat exchanger are connected to the heat exchanger body by welding, the heat exchanger flange (9) and the heat exchanger body are integrated, and the support plate (15) is respectively connected to the heat exchange medium pipeline (14) and the heat exchanger shell by welding.

6. A novel burner device for cold start of hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium pipeline (14) includes water or ethylene glycol coolant.

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