HUD optical display system and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides an HUD optical display system and a vehicle. The HUD optical display system comprises an image generation unit, a diffusion film group and a reflector group which are sequentially arranged along a light path, wherein the diffusion film group comprises n dimmable diffusion films which are arranged in sequence, n is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2, the adjacent dimmable diffusion films are arranged at intervals, and any dimmable diffusion film is configured to be capable of switching between an atomization diffusion state and a transparent state; at the same time, only one adjustable light diffusion film in the diffusion film group is in the atomization diffusion state, and the other adjustable light diffusion films are in the transparent state; the adjustable light diffusion film comprises two layers of conductive films and a middle layer arranged between the two layers of conductive films, and the material of the middle layer at least comprises a liquid crystal material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present utility model relate to the technical field of HUD systems. More specifically, embodiments of the present utility model relate to a HUD optical display system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The HUD (Head Up Display) system is a display system that directly projects vehicle driving information onto the windshield in front of the driver, improving driving safety and comfort. Currently, there are mainly two types of HUD systems: W-HUD and AR-HUD. Among them, W-HUD is used to display short-distance information such as vehicle speed and navigation, while AR-HUD can simulate the visual effects of the real world and provide more driving assistance information for the driver.

[0003] A main limitation of the above two HUD systems is that their virtual image distance (VID) is fixed. The virtual image distance refers to the distance between the virtual image seen by the driver and the actual ground. Due to the fixed virtual image distance, the driver cannot adjust the position and size of the virtual image according to the driving scenario and requirements, which limits the flexibility and adaptability of the HUD system. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a new technical solution for a HUD optical display system and a vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present utility model provide a HUD optical display system, which includes an image generation unit, a diffusion film group, and a mirror group arranged in sequence along the optical path;

[0006] Among them, the diffusion film group includes n adjustable light diffusion films arranged in sequence, where n is a positive integer and n≥2, and adjacent adjustable light diffusion films are arranged at intervals. Any one of the adjustable light diffusion films is configured to be able to switch between a fogging diffusion state and a transparent state;

[0007] At the same moment, only one of the adjustable light diffusion films in the diffusion film group is in the fogging diffusion state, and the other adjustable light diffusion films are in the transparent state;

[0008] The adjustable light diffusion film includes two conductive films and an intermediate layer disposed between the two conductive films. The material of the intermediate layer includes at least liquid crystal material.

[0009] Optionally, the HUD optical display system includes a driving circuit, which is connected to each adjustable light diffusion film and is used to control the power-on and power-off of each adjustable light diffusion film;

[0010] In the powered-on state, the adjustable light diffusion film is in the transparent state;

[0011] In the power-off state, the dimmable diffuser film is in the atomized diffusion state.

[0012] Optionally, n of the dimmable diffuser films can be used to form n focal planes of the HUD optical display system;

[0013] The projection light emitted by the image generation unit can form a target virtual image corresponding to the focal plane at the virtual image end of the optical display system after passing through any of the focal planes, so that the HUD optical display system can have n independent and mutually switchable target virtual image planes;

[0014] Wherein, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the dimmable diffuser film and the target virtual image plane, and each target virtual image plane corresponds to a virtual image distance.

[0015] Optionally, the HUD optical display system further includes the windshield of the vehicle, and the windshield is located on the light-emitting side of the mirror group;

[0016] The mirror group reflects and amplifies the projection light from the diffuser film group and propagates it to the windshield, and the reverse extension line of the amplified projection light after being reflected by the windshield forms a target virtual image plane at the virtual image end of the HUD optical display system.

[0017] Optionally, the diffuser film group includes a first dimmable diffuser film and a second dimmable diffuser film arranged at intervals, wherein the first dimmable diffuser film is located on the side close to the mirror group, and the second dimmable diffuser film is located on the side close to the image generation unit;

[0018] The diffuser film group is configured such that: at the same moment, one of the first dimmable diffuser film and the second dimmable diffuser film is in the atomized diffusion state, and the other is in the transparent state.

[0019] Optionally, when the first dimmable diffuser film is in the atomized diffusion state and the second dimmable diffuser film is in the transparent state, the projection light emitted by the image generation unit will be diffused to the mirror group at a first set angle, and after passing through the windshield, a first target virtual image plane will be formed at the virtual image end.

[0020] Optionally, when the first dimmable diffuser film is switched to the transparent state and the second dimmable diffuser film is switched to the atomized diffusion state, the projection light emitted by the image generation unit will be diffused to the mirror group at a second set angle, and after passing through the windshield, a second target virtual image plane will be formed at the virtual image end;

[0021] Wherein, a set distance is provided between the second target virtual image plane and the first target virtual image plane.

[0022] Optionally, the image generating unit is configured to emit projection light rays, and clear imaging can be achieved on any one of the adjustable light diffusing films for the projection light rays.

[0023] Optionally, any one of the adjustable light diffusing films is disposed within the depth of field of the image generating unit, such that when imaging on any one of the adjustable light diffusing films, clear imaging can be achieved without focusing the image generating unit.

[0024] Optionally, the image generating unit is focused such that clear imaging can be achieved on any one of the adjustable light diffusing films for the projection light rays.

[0025] Optionally, the image generating unit is a projection type PGU;

[0026] The projection type PGU includes any one of a DLP digital light processor, an LCOS optical reflective PGU, and a laser beam scanner.

[0027] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes:

[0028] The HUD optical display system as described in the first aspect.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] The HUD optical display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention introduces a specially designed diffusing film group between the image generating unit and the mirror group. The diffusing film group includes at least two adjustable light diffusing films. Any one of the adjustable light diffusing films has two different working states, namely, an atomized diffusion state and a transparent state. And at the same time, only one adjustable light diffusing film is in the atomized diffusion state, while all other adjustable light diffusing films remain in the transparent state. This unique design endows the HUD optical display system with the ability to switch multiple virtual image planes and ensures clear imaging on each virtual image plane. The HUD optical display system of the embodiment of the present invention has the function of adjusting the virtual image distance (VID), which can well meet the diverse needs of drivers.

[0031] Through the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present specification with reference to the accompanying drawings, other features and advantages of the present specification will become clear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings incorporated in and constituting a part of this specification illustrate embodiments of the present specification and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present specification.

[0033] Figure 1 One of the optical architectures and optical path diagrams of the HUD optical display system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Another optical architecture and optical path diagram of the HUD optical display system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0036] 101, image generation unit; 200, diffusion film group; 201, first dimmable diffusion film; 202, second dimmable diffusion film; 20n, nth dimmable diffusion film; 300, mirror group; 400, windshield; 500, virtual image end; 501, first target virtual image plane; 502, second target virtual image plane; 50n, nth target virtual image plane. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Now, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use.

[0039] Techniques and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques and devices should be regarded as part of the specification.

[0040] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0041] It should be noted that: Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0042] The HUD optical display system and vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a HUD optical display system is provided, which can be applied to transportation means such as automobiles. The HUD optical display system according to the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to, for example, in-vehicle head-up display devices.

[0044] In the present invention, the in-vehicle head-up display device is taken as an example for specific description.

[0045] As an advanced in-vehicle visual assistance system, the in-vehicle head-up display device is usually referred to as a head-up display (HUD). When this device is installed inside a vehicle, its main function is to project key vehicle information (such as vehicle status information like speed and fuel level) and important indication information such as navigation and hazard warnings at an appropriate position in front of the driver's line of sight. In this way, the driver can keep their eyes on the road ahead without having to look down at the dashboard, effectively eliminating the visual blind spots caused by looking down and greatly enhancing driving safety and convenience.

[0046] The HUD optical display system provided by the embodiments of the present utility model, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the HUD optical display system includes an image generation unit 101, a diffusion film group 200, and a mirror group 300 arranged in sequence along the optical path; wherein, the diffusion film group 200 includes n adjustable light diffusion films arranged in sequence, n is a positive integer and n≥2, adjacent adjustable light diffusion films are arranged at intervals, and any one of the adjustable light diffusion films is configured to be able to switch between a fogging diffusion state and a transparent state; at the same moment, only one of the adjustable light diffusion films in the diffusion film group 200 is in the fogging diffusion state, and the other adjustable light diffusion films are in the transparent state; the adjustable light diffusion film includes two conductive films and an intermediate layer disposed between the two conductive films, and the material of the intermediate layer at least includes liquid crystal material.

[0047] Although the existing HUD optical display system (or simply referred to as the HUD system) can meet the basic needs of drivers to a certain extent, there are still some limitations. Currently, the most prominent problem is that in the same HUD optical display system, whether it is a near-view virtual image or a far-view virtual image, its virtual image distance (VID) is fixed. During the driving process, the driver may need to adjust the position of the virtual image (i.e., adjust the virtual image distance VID) according to different driving scenarios and requirements. However, due to the fixed virtual image distance VID, the existing HUD optical display system completely fails to meet this demand.

[0048] The HUD optical display system provided by the embodiments of the present utility model incorporates the function of flexible free switching of multiple virtual image planes. This design significantly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the entire system, thus bringing a richer and more convenient visual experience to the driver.

[0049] Specifically, in the HUD optical display system provided by the embodiments of the present utility model, two or more carefully arranged adjustable light diffusing films are configured between the image generating unit 101 and the mirror group 300. These diffusing films are not only arranged in sequence but also spaced apart from each other (ensuring that their positions do not overlap), thereby forming multiple different focal planes. This design of the present application enables the HUD optical display system to flexibly project clear images accurately on the virtual image planes corresponding to each focal plane. For example, in Figure 1 it can be seen that there is a first target virtual image plane 501 and a second target virtual image plane 502, which respectively represent the imaging effects of the HUD optical display system on different focal planes.

[0050] It is particularly worth mentioning that each adjustable light diffusing film is given the ability to independently control its state, that is, it can freely switch between the atomized diffusion state and the transparent state. This characteristic endows the entire HUD optical display system with the ability to freely switch between different virtual image planes at the virtual image end 500, thereby greatly enhancing the flexibility and practicality of the HUD optical display system.

[0051] Each of the adjustable light diffusing films in the present application can achieve a rapid switch between the transparent state and the atomized diffusion state (i.e., with a diffusion effect). Specifically, when the adjustable light diffusing film is in the transparent state, it exhibits a colorless and transparent characteristic and has a high transmittance, enabling light to penetrate unobstructed; once switched to the atomized diffusion state, it can exhibit a strong light diffusion function while still maintaining a relatively high transmittance, ensuring the uniformity and clarity of the projection screen.

[0052] It should be noted that the adjustable light diffusing film of the present application has a certain transmittance in both the atomized diffusion state and the transparent state, but its transmittance is higher in the transparent state.

[0053] For example, the transmittance of the adjustable light diffusing film in the transparent state can reach 75%, or even be larger. That is, the transmittance of the adjustable light diffusing film in the transparent state ≥ 75%.

[0054] The HUD optical display system provided by the embodiments of the present utility model not only has the function of multi-virtual image plane switching but also has a clear imaging effect. Regarding the setting position requirement for any adjustable light diffusing film in the diffusing film group 200, it is that the projection light can achieve clear imaging when projected onto the adjustable light diffusing film.

[0055] The adjustable light diffusion film has little effect on light in the transparent state, ensuring the transparent transmission of light. When the adjustable light diffusion film is switched to the atomized diffusion state, it can evenly diffuse light, forming a delicate and clear virtual image, providing a high-quality visual experience for the driver. This clear imaging effect is of great significance for the HUD optical display system. It not only directly relates to the accuracy of the driver's information acquisition, but also affects the comfort and safety during driving. Thus, by adopting the adjustable light diffusion film in the present utility model, the HUD optical display system can bring a clearer and more comfortable visual enjoyment to the driver, enhancing the overall quality of driving.

[0056] The HUD optical display system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model further improves the driving experience and safety through the multi-virtual image plane switching ability and clear imaging effect.

[0057] The adjustable light diffusion film of the present utility model includes two conductive films and an intermediate layer disposed between the two conductive films; wherein, the material of the intermediate layer includes liquid crystal material. That is to say, this adjustable light diffusion film combines a conductive film and a liquid crystal film. Based on the liquid crystal material, through electric field control, the conversion (or switching) of the adjustable light diffusion film between the atomized diffusion state and the transparent state can be realized.

[0058] According to the adjustable light diffusion film provided by the present utility model, it includes two conductive films, which are transparent and have good electrical conductivity, and can be used to transmit electric field signals. A layer of intermediate layer is also sandwiched between the two conductive films, and this intermediate layer can be made of liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal material can change its molecular arrangement under the action of an electric field, thereby affecting the propagation of light.

[0059] In addition, the material of the intermediate layer includes, but is not limited to, liquid crystal material, and can also be polymer material, as long as the conversion between the two states of the adjustable light diffusion film can be realized.

[0060] The working principle of the adjustable light diffusion film is as follows:

[0061] (1) In the state without an electric field:

[0062] When there is no electric field effect (such as power off), the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal material are in a disordered arrangement state, resulting in the scattering and refraction of light when passing through the intermediate layer, that is, the liquid crystal layer, forming an atomized and diffusion-characteristic state. In this state, the propagation of light is effectively dispersed, making the image look softer and more uniform.

[0063] (2) In the state with an electric field applied:

[0064] When an electric current is passed through, that is, an electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in an orderly manner under the action of the electric field. This orderly arrangement enables light to pass directly through the liquid crystal layer, reducing scattering and refraction, thereby causing the adjustable light diffusion film to change from the atomized diffusion state to the transparent state.

[0065] In the HUD optical display system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, when the adjustable light diffusion film is in the transparent state, its transmittance is greater than or equal to 75%. This design ensures the effective transmission of light and the clear display of images.

[0066] Of course, in addition to the liquid crystal dimming mode, other dimming methods can also be adopted, such as electrochromism, thermochromism, etc.

[0067] In some examples of the present utility model, the HUD optical display system includes a driving circuit, and the driving circuit is connected to each of the adjustable light diffusion films for controlling the power-on and power-off of each of the adjustable light diffusion films;

[0068] In the powered-on state, the adjustable light diffusion film is in the transparent state;

[0069] In the powered-off state, the adjustable light diffusion film is in the atomized diffusion state.

[0070] Regarding the adjustable light diffusion film, its core lies in that the middle layer uses liquid crystal material. This is because an important characteristic of liquid crystal material is that under the action of an electric field, the arrangement of its molecules can change significantly, thereby affecting the propagation path and mode of light.

[0071] The following analyzes the powered-on state and powered-off state of the liquid crystal film respectively:

[0072] (1) In the powered-on state: When a voltage is applied between the two conductive films to generate an electric field, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal material will be affected by the electric field force and change from the disordered arrangement state to the ordered arrangement state. This ordered arrangement enables light to pass through the liquid crystal layer more directly, reducing scattering and refraction, thereby causing the adjustable light diffusion film to present a transparent state.

[0073] (2) In the powered-off state: When the electric field is removed, that is, in the powered-off state, the liquid crystal molecules will lose the action of the electric field force and return to the disordered arrangement state. In this state, light will be scattered and refracted when passing through the liquid crystal layer, resulting in the dispersion of the light propagation path, thereby causing the adjustable light diffusion film to present an atomized diffusion state.

[0074] Due to the fast response speed of liquid crystal materials to electric fields, the adjustable light diffusion film can achieve rapid switching between the energized and de-energized states. This fast response characteristic enables the system to quickly adjust the light transmittance and diffusion degree according to requirements. Moreover, by controlling the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules through an electric field, there is no need for mechanical movement or consumption of a large amount of energy, so it has the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0075] In the present utility model, the adjustable light diffusion film can switch between a transparent state and a fogging diffusion state, and in both of these states, its light transmittance remains at a relatively high level.

[0076] In the transparent state, the adjustable light diffusion film exhibits high-definition transparent characteristics, allowing light to pass through with almost no obstruction, enabling users to clearly see the scene on the other side of the film material. This high light transmittance makes this film material particularly suitable for application scenarios where it is necessary to maintain the clarity of the field of view.

[0077] When it is necessary to switch to the fogging diffusion state, through an external control signal (such as current, voltage, temperature, etc.), the microstructure (i.e., the intermediate layer) inside the adjustable light diffusion film will change, causing light to scatter when passing through the film material, forming a fogging effect. In this state, although the light is diffused, since the light transmittance still remains above 75%, it will not cause complete occlusion of the field of view and can still maintain a certain visibility.

[0078] The adjustable light diffusion film of the present application maintains a relatively high light transmittance in both states. In other words, whether in the transparent state or the fogging diffusion state, the adjustable light diffusion film can maintain a relatively high light transmittance. This characteristic enables this film material to maintain the clarity of the field of view while achieving the diffusion effect of light, meeting the requirements of various application scenarios.

[0079] In some examples of the present utility model, refer to Figure 2 , n of the adjustable light diffusion films can be used to form n focal planes of the HUD optical display system; the projection light emitted by the image generation unit 101 can form a target virtual image corresponding to that focal plane at the virtual image end 500 of the optical display system after passing through any one of the focal planes, so that the HUD optical display system can have n independent and mutually switchable target virtual image planes; wherein, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the adjustable light diffusion film and the target virtual image plane, and each target virtual image plane corresponds to a virtual image distance.

[0080] In the HUD optical display system provided by the embodiments of the present application, by introducing multiple adjustable light diffusion films, refer to Figure 2, such as the first adjustable light diffusion film 201, the second adjustable light diffusion film 202, ……, the nth adjustable light diffusion film 20n. By controlling the states of these n adjustable light diffusion films and ensuring that only one adjustable light diffusion film, such as Figure 2 the first adjustable light diffusion film 201 shown in Figure 2 is in the atomized diffusion state, and the remaining adjustable light diffusion films are in the transparent state. In this way, multiple independent virtual image planes that can be freely switched between each other can be formed, such as the first target virtual image plane 501, the second target virtual image plane 502, ……, the nth target virtual image plane 50n. Among them, each adjustable light diffusion film (201~20n) corresponds one-to-one with a virtual image plane (501~50n), and each virtual image plane corresponds to a specific virtual image distance VID.

[0081] See Figure 2 , the number of adjustable light diffusion films is n, where n is a positive integer, and in this example n≥2. These adjustable light diffusion films (201~20n) are placed at different positions of the HUD optical display system to form virtual images with different virtual image distances (VID) at the virtual image end 500.

[0082] By setting adjustable light diffusion films at different focal planes, the HUD optical display system can switch multiple virtual images with different virtual image distances within the driver's field of view.

[0083] Since the number and positions of the adjustable light diffusion films can be set according to the requirements of the HUD optical display system, the HUD solution provided by the present utility model has high flexibility and customizability. Whether for different vehicle models or different driving requirements, the optimal display effect can be achieved by adjusting the number and positions of the adjustable light diffusion films.

[0084] In some examples of the present utility model, the HUD optical display system further includes the windshield 400 of the vehicle, and the windshield 400 is located on the light output side of the mirror group 300; the mirror group 300 reflects and magnifies the projection light from the diffusion film group 200 and then propagates it to the windshield 400, and the reverse extension line of the magnified projection light after being reflected by the windshield 400 forms a target virtual image plane at the virtual image end 500 of the HUD optical display system.

[0085] In this example of the present utility model, the mirror group 300 is responsible for reflecting the projection light projected by the diffusion film group 200 and magnifying these lights through its optical design, and then these magnified lights are propagated to the windshield 400 of the vehicle. The mirror group 300 ensures the magnification effect of the image and also allows the driver to enjoy a more immersive visual experience.

[0086] Among them, the mirror group 300 is designed as a curved mirror system, for example, which can be composed of a mirror lens group such as a free-form surface or a plane mirror. Its function is to magnify the image formed by the diffusion film group 200 and convert it into a realistic virtual image, which directly enters the human eye. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in).

[0087] When the mirror group 300 adopts a curved mirror system, the curved mirror system is precisely designed and manufactured to ensure that the image formed on the diffusion film group 200 can be accurately magnified and guided to enter the driver's field of view at the best angle and position.

[0088] In one example, referring to Figure 1 , the mirror group 300 includes a plane mirror and a free-form surface mirror. Among them, the free-form surface mirror is located on the reflection light path of the plane mirror, and the plane mirror is located on the light output path of the diffusion film group 200.

[0089] When the magnified projection light rays are reflected by the windshield 400, their reverse extension lines can form a clear target virtual image plane at the virtual image end 500 of the HUD optical display system. This target virtual image plane is the HUD image that the driver sees through the windshield, and it can contain important information such as vehicle speed, navigation, and vehicle status.

[0090] Since the mirror group 300 can reflect the image to the windshield 400 at the best angle and position, the driver can easily see the HUD image without adjusting the head or line of sight. This design greatly optimizes the driver's visual experience and reduces distraction and fatigue during driving.

[0091] In the present utility model, the diffusion film group 200 includes a plurality of dimmable diffusion films, which is equivalent to forming a plurality of different focal planes, so that a target virtual image plane with different virtual image distances can be formed according to needs. The mirror group 300 can reflect and magnify these target virtual image planes with different virtual image distances to ensure that the driver can switch between a plurality of virtual images located at different depths according to requirements.

[0092] In some examples of the present utility model, referring to Figure 1 , the diffusion film group 200 includes a first dimmable diffusion film 201 and a second dimmable diffusion film 202 arranged at intervals. Among them, the first dimmable diffusion film 201 is located on the side close to the mirror group 300, and the second dimmable diffusion film 202 is located on the side close to the image generating unit 101; the diffusion film group 200 is configured such that at the same moment, one of the first dimmable diffusion film 201 and the second dimmable diffusion film 202 is in the atomized diffusion state and the other is in the transparent state.

[0093] In Figure 1 In an optical structure shown, the diffusion film group 200 is composed of two adjustable light diffusion films arranged at intervals, namely a first adjustable light diffusion film 201 and a second adjustable light diffusion film 202, and these two adjustable light diffusion films are located at different positions.

[0094] According to Figure 1 the scheme shown, dual virtual image plane switching is achieved: at the same moment, one of the first adjustable light diffusion film 201 and the second adjustable light diffusion film 202 is in a fogging diffusion state, and the other is in a transparent state. At this time, when the first adjustable light diffusion film 201 is in a fogging state, the light rays projected by it are reflected and amplified by the mirror group 300, and a virtual image plane is formed on the windshield 400; at the same time, since the second adjustable light diffusion film 202 is in a transparent state, this part of the light rays can directly penetrate or pass through without affecting the formation of the other virtual image plane. Vice versa.

[0095] By controlling the states of the above two adjustable light diffusion films, two independent and mutually switchable target virtual image planes can be formed at the virtual image end 500 of the HUD optical display system: a first target virtual image plane 501 and a second target virtual image plane 502. This means that the driver can freely switch between two virtual images at different positions.

[0096] Since the states of the two adjustable light diffusion films can be independently controlled, the position, content, and display mode of the virtual image plane can be customized according to the needs and preferences of the driver. This flexibility enables the HUD system to better meet the personalized needs of different users.

[0097] In some examples of the present utility model, referring to Figure 1 , when the first adjustable light diffusion film 201 is in the fogging diffusion state and the second adjustable light diffusion film 202 is in the transparent state, the projection light rays emitted by the image generation unit 101 are diffused at a first set angle to the mirror group 300, and after passing through the windshield 400, a first target virtual image plane 501 is formed at the virtual image end 500.

[0098] Referring to Figure 1, the first dimmable diffusion film 201 is set to an atomized diffusion state, while the second dimmable diffusion film 202 remains in a transparent state. When the projection light is emitted from a light source (such as the image generation unit 101), it encounters the first dimmable diffusion film 201. Since it is in an atomized state, the light will be diffused at a first set angle. Subsequently, these diffused lights are captured by the mirror group 300 and reflected and magnified. After being magnified by the mirror group 300, the light propagates to the windshield 400 of the vehicle and is reflected on the windshield 400, and finally a clear target virtual image surface, that is, the first target virtual image surface 501, is formed at the virtual image end 500 of the HUD optical display system.

[0099] In some examples of the present utility model, when the first dimmable diffusion film 201 is switched to the transparent state and the second dimmable diffusion film 202 is switched to the atomized diffusion state, the projection light emitted by the image generation unit 101 will be diffused to the mirror group 300 at a second set angle, and after passing through the windshield 400, a second target virtual image surface 502 will be formed at the virtual image end 500; wherein, there is a set distance between the second target virtual image surface 502 and the first target virtual image surface 501, and these two virtual image surfaces are not displayed simultaneously.

[0100] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 , when the first dimmable diffusion film 201 is switched to the transparent state and the second dimmable diffusion film 202 is set to the atomized state: when the projection light encounters the second dimmable diffusion film 202, it will be diffused at a second set angle, which may be different from the first set angle, depending on the optical characteristics and settings of the two dimmable diffusion films. After being diffused by the second dimmable diffusion film 202, the light is also reflected and magnified by the mirror group 300, and then after being reflected by the windshield 400, a second clear target virtual image surface, that is, the second target virtual image surface 502, is formed at the virtual image end 500. It should be noted that due to the different diffusion angles of the two dimmable diffusion films, there will be a certain set distance between the second target virtual image surface 502 and the first target virtual image surface 501. It should be emphasized that these two target virtual image surfaces are not displayed simultaneously.

[0101] Refer to Figure 1 , according to the descriptions of the above two examples, by controlling the states of the two dimmable diffusion films, the present utility model can form two independent and mutually switchable target virtual image surfaces (the first target virtual image surface 501 and the second target virtual image surface 502) at the virtual image end 500 of the HUD optical display system. This design enables the driver to view virtual images at multiple different positions, improving the information display efficiency and driving experience.

[0102] In the HUD optical display system provided by the present utility model, refer to Figure 1and Figure 2 The HUD optical display system includes an image generation unit 101, which is located on one side of the diffusion film group 200. The image generation unit 101 is configured to generate an image and project the projection light rays corresponding to the image onto the diffusion film group 200. The image generation unit 101 works in cooperation with the diffusion film group 200 and the mirror group 300 to form the HUD optical display system.

[0103] The image generation unit 101 in this application can be independently controlled. Therefore, parameters such as the brightness and contrast of the image can be adjusted according to needs to meet different driving environments and personal requirements.

[0104] In some examples of the present utility model, the image generation unit 101 is configured to emit projection light rays, and clear imaging can be achieved on any of the dimmable diffusion films for the projection light rays.

[0105] The projection light rays are the light rays carrying image information emitted by the image generation unit 101. After passing through a certain path and optical processing, the projection light rays will ultimately be projected onto the virtual image plane to form a virtual image.

[0106] In the optical design of the present utility model, the position setting of the dimmable diffusion film in the entire HUD optical display system is crucial. It is necessary to ensure that the image generation unit 101 (PGU) can form a clear and accurate image when passing through each dimmable diffusion film (such as Figure 2 201 to 20n shown in). This design ensures that no matter how many dimmable diffusion films the light rays pass through, the final image presented to the user will remain clear, greatly improving the image display quality and the user viewing experience. By precisely controlling the position and performance of the dimmable diffusion film, the present utility model realizes efficient and accurate imaging of the HUD optical display system, meeting the requirements of various complex application scenarios.

[0107] For the dimmable diffusion film provided in the embodiment of the present utility model, the position set in the entire HUD optical display system must satisfy that the projection light rays emitted by the image generation unit 101 can form a clear image on any dimmable diffusion film (201 to 20n). The implementation methods include but are not limited to the following two examples.

[0108] In some examples of the present utility model, any of the dimmable diffusion films is configured within the depth of field of the image generation unit 101, such that when imaging on any of the dimmable diffusion films, clear imaging can be achieved without focusing the image generation unit 101.

[0109] In the examples of the present utility model, the dimming diffusion films involved are all within the depth of field of the image generating unit 101. At this time, when imaging on different adjustable dimming diffusion films, there is no need to perform a focusing process on the image generating unit 101.

[0110] Specifically, this example describes a situation where an adjustable dimming diffusion film is placed within the depth of field (DOF) of the image generating unit 101. The depth of field is an important concept in imaging technology. It refers to the range within which objects are relatively clear on the imaging plane, that is, objects within this range can be clearly imaged, while objects outside this range will become blurred.

[0111] In the present utility model, placing the adjustable dimming diffusion film within the depth of field of the image generating unit 101 means that any point on the adjustable dimming diffusion film is within the range where the system can clearly focus. In this way, when light passes through the image generating unit 101 and forms an image on the adjustable dimming diffusion film, there is no need to perform an additional focusing operation on the image generating unit 101 because the adjustable dimming diffusion film is already within its natural clear imaging range.

[0112] Since the adjustable dimming diffusion film is within the depth of field, the entire HUD optical display system can clearly image on multiple different diffusion films without having to focus the image generating unit 101. This configuration greatly simplifies the complexity of the entire system and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0113] When the HUD optical display system includes multiple adjustable dimming diffusion films (for different light effects or projection effects), this configuration allows users to quickly switch between different adjustable dimming diffusion films without worrying about loss of image quality or the need for refocusing.

[0114] Due to the reduced need for focusing, the stability of the HUD optical display system is improved, reducing image quality problems caused by focusing errors. At the same time, the hardware costs and maintenance costs associated with the focusing mechanism and components are reduced.

[0115] In some examples of the present utility model, the image generating unit 101 is focused so that the projection light can be clearly imaged on any of the adjustable dimming diffusion films.

[0116] That is to say, the set positions of the adjustable dimming diffusion films are all within the range where clear imaging can be achieved by focusing the image generating unit 101; at this time, when imaging on different adjustable dimming diffusion films, it is necessary to focus the image generating unit 101 to obtain a clear image.

[0117] The focusing design allows the HUD optical display system to more precisely adjust the focal point of the projection light according to the position of the currently used dimmable diffuser film, ensuring that the projection light can form a clear image on the dimmable diffuser film. This helps to improve the resolution and contrast of the finally formed projection image, bringing a better visual experience to the driver.

[0118] When the HUD optical display system includes multiple dimmable diffuser films, through a more refined focusing design, the user can quickly switch different dimmable diffuser films as needed and adjust the focusing state of the image generation unit 101 to adapt to the dimmable diffuser film at the new position. This flexibility enables the HUD optical display system to easily handle changes in various application scenarios.

[0119] In some examples of the present utility model, the image generation unit 101 is a projection type PGU, and the projection type PGU includes any one of a DLP digital light processor, an LCOS optical reflective PGU, and a laser beam scanner.

[0120] In this example, the image generation unit 101 is specifically embodied as a projection type PGU (Projection - Based Head - Up Display Unit), which can be any one of a DLP (Digital Light Processing) digital light processor, an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) optical reflective PGU, or a laser beam scanner (Laser Beam Scanning, LBS). These projection type PGU technologies have good performance in terms of image quality, brightness, contrast, etc. Whether it is DLP, LCOS, or LBS technology, they all have high reliability and stability, ensuring that the HUD system can work properly in various environments.

[0121] Different projection type PGU technologies are suitable for different application scenarios and requirements. For example, DLP technology is suitable for application scenarios that require high brightness and high resolution; LCOS technology is more suitable for scenarios that require high color reproduction and contrast; while LBS technology is favored for its fast response and low cost.

[0122] According to another embodiment of the present utility model, a vehicle is also provided.

[0123] The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present utility model includes the above - mentioned HUD optical display system and a windshield 400; wherein, the windshield 400 is arranged on the transmission path of the projection light of the HUD optical display system.

[0124] See Figure 1 and Figure 2, the windshield 400 can be used to reflect the projected light reflected by the mirror group 300 to the human eye, and the reverse extension line of the light of the human eye forms a switchable target virtual image at a preset position in front of the windshield 400 (i.e., the virtual image end 500).

[0125] The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present utility model integrates the HUD optical display system of the above embodiment, and also uses the windshield 400 as the transmission path of the projected light, providing a more intuitive and convenient driving information display for the driver.

[0126] Specifically, the composition of the vehicle includes:

[0127] HUD optical display system: The HUD optical display system includes an image generation unit 101, a diffusion film group 200 and a mirror group 300. The image generation unit 101 is responsible for generating the image to be displayed, and the diffusion film group 200 and the mirror group 300 cooperate to propagate and magnify the light of the image.

[0128] Vehicle body, for example, including a windshield 400: As one of the important components of the vehicle, in addition to having basic functions such as blocking wind and rain and protecting the driver's line of sight, in this embodiment, it also acts as the transmission path for the transmission of the projected light of the HUD optical display system.

[0129] The windshield is specially treated (such as coating or transparency optimization) to ensure that the light projected by the HUD system can clearly pass through, while keeping the basic functions of the windshield unaffected.

[0130] The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present utility model provides a more intuitive, convenient and safe driving information display method for the driver by integrating the HUD optical display system and using the windshield 400 as the transmission path of the projected light.

[0131] The specific implementation manners of the vehicle in the embodiment of the present utility model can refer to the respective embodiments of the above HUD optical display system, and thus at least have all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated herein one by one.

[0132] In the above embodiments, the differences between the various embodiments are mainly described. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a more optimal embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be elaborated herein.

[0133] Although some specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An HUD optical display system, characterized in that, It includes an image generation unit (101), a diffusion film group (200), and a mirror group (300) arranged in sequence along the optical path; Wherein, the diffusion film group (200) includes n adjustable light diffusion films arranged in sequence, n is a positive integer and n≥2, and adjacent adjustable light diffusion films are arranged at intervals, and any one of the adjustable light diffusion films is configured to be able to switch between an atomized diffusion state and a transparent state; At the same moment, only one of the adjustable light diffusion films in the diffusion film group (200) is in the atomized diffusion state, and the other adjustable light diffusion films are in the transparent state; The adjustable light diffusion film includes two conductive films and an intermediate layer arranged between the two conductive films, and the material of the intermediate layer at least includes a liquid crystal material.

2. The HUD optical display system according to claim 1, wherein The HUD optical display system includes a driving circuit, and the driving circuit is connected to each adjustable light diffusion film for controlling the power-on and power-off of each adjustable light diffusion film; In the powered-on state, the adjustable light diffusion film is in the transparent state; In the powered-off state, the adjustable light diffusion film is in the atomized diffusion state.

3. The HUD optical display system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The n adjustable light diffusion films can be used to form n focal planes of the HUD optical display system; The projection light emitted by the image generation unit (101) can form a target virtual image corresponding to the focal plane at the virtual image end (500) of the optical display system after passing through any one of the focal planes, so that the HUD optical display system can have n independent and mutually switchable target virtual image planes; Wherein, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the adjustable light diffusion film and the target virtual image plane, and each target virtual image plane corresponds to a virtual image distance.

4. The HUD optical display system according to claim 1, wherein The HUD optical display system further includes a windshield (400) of the vehicle, and the windshield (400) is located on the light-emitting side of the mirror group (300); The mirror group (300) reflects and magnifies the projection light from the diffusion film group (200) and then propagates it to the windshield (400), and the reverse extension line of the magnified projection light after being reflected by the windshield (400) forms a target virtual image plane at the virtual image end (500) of the HUD optical display system.

5. The HUD optical display system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diffusion film group (200) includes a first adjustable light diffusion film (201) and a second adjustable light diffusion film (202) arranged at intervals, wherein the first adjustable light diffusion film (201) is located on the side close to the mirror group (300), and the second adjustable light diffusion film (202) is located on the side close to the image generation unit (101); The diffusion film group (200) is configured such that at the same moment, one of the first adjustable light diffusion film (201) and the second adjustable light diffusion film (202) is in the atomized diffusion state and the other is in the transparent state.

6. The HUD optical display system according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the first dimmable diffuser film (201) is in the atomized diffusion state and the second dimmable diffuser film (202) is in the transparent state, the projection light emitted by the image generating unit (101) will be diffused to the mirror group (300) at a first set angle, and after passing through the windshield (400), a first target virtual image plane (501) will be formed at the virtual image end (500).

7. The HUD optical display system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the first dimmable diffuser film (201) is switched to the transparent state and the second dimmable diffuser film (202) is switched to the atomized diffusion state, the projection light emitted by the image generating unit (101) will be diffused to the mirror group (300) at a second set angle, and after passing through the windshield (400), a second target virtual image plane (502) will be formed at the virtual image end (500); wherein, there is a set spacing between the second target virtual image plane (502) and the first target virtual image plane (501), and the two virtual image planes are not displayed simultaneously.

8. The HUD optical display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image generating unit (101) is configured to emit projection light, and the projection light can achieve clear imaging on any one of the dimmable diffuser films.

9. The HUD optical display system according to claim 8, wherein Any one of the dimmable diffuser films is disposed within the depth of field of the image generating unit (101), so that when imaging on any one of the dimmable diffuser films, clear imaging can be achieved without focusing the image generating unit (101).

10. The HUD optical display system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Focus the image generating unit (101) so that the projection light can achieve clear imaging on any one of the dimmable diffuser films.

11. The HUD optical display system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image generating unit (101) is a projection type PGU; The projection type PGU includes any one of a DLP digital light processor, an LCOS optical reflective PGU, and a laser beam scanner.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: The HUD optical display system according to any one of claims 1-11.

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