Shock insulation support

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shock insulation support and relates to the technical field of building shock insulation. The support comprises a laminated structure composed of rubber layers and reinforcing plates which are alternately laminated, the reinforcing plates are engineering plastic plates, and grooves are formed in the pressure-bearing face of the support and used for anchoring after solidification with concrete. The engineering plastic plate is adopted to replace a traditional steel plate to serve as the reinforcing plate, so that the material cost and the weight of the support are reduced. Meanwhile, the groove used for anchoring after the concrete is solidified is formed in the pressure-bearing face of the support, so that embedded steel bars are omitted, the installation process is simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved. The support can be used for seismic strengthening of low-rise buildings and is suitable for the field of small buildings such as rural buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building seismic isolation technology, and in particular to a seismic isolation bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent document CN213896733U discloses a seismic isolation foundation for bridges, including a seismic isolation bearing and pre-embedded reinforcing bars. The seismic isolation bearing has uniformly distributed steel plate layers with rubber layers between them. An upper pre-embedded steel plate is fixedly installed on top of the seismic isolation bearing via an upper connecting steel plate, and pre-embedded reinforcing bars are fixedly installed on top of the upper pre-embedded steel plate. Similar to this solution, most traditional seismic isolation bearings (such as laminated steel plate rubber bearings) currently pre-embed reinforcing bars, which are then connected to the reinforcing cage to be poured. However, this installation method has the following limitations:

[0003] 1. The embedded reinforcing bars must be precisely aligned with the reinforcing cage and fixed before concrete pouring. If misalignment occurs during construction, adjustment will be difficult, potentially leading to rework and affecting the construction schedule. For village and town construction projects with limited construction conditions or weak technical capabilities, this installation method is more difficult to operate and increases construction risks.

[0004] 2. Traditional seismic isolation bearings (such as laminated rubber bearings) typically use multiple layers of steel plates as reinforcement to improve vertical stiffness and compressive strength. However, the increased use of steel plates raises material costs. Although the steel plate layers are crucial to the mechanical performance of the bearing, the higher material costs may hinder its widespread use in cost-sensitive applications such as low-rise buildings or rural buildings.

[0005] Due to the aforementioned construction complexity and cost factors, traditional seismic isolation bearings are currently mainly used in projects with high seismic isolation performance requirements, such as bridges and large public buildings, while their popularity in rural buildings and small and medium-sized civil buildings is relatively low. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a seismic isolation bearing that is low in cost, requires no pre-reinforced steel bars, and is easy to install, and is suitable for seismic reinforcement of rural buildings.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a seismic isolation bearing, comprising a laminated structure consisting of alternating layers of rubber and reinforcing plates, wherein the reinforcing plates are engineering plastic plates, and the bearing surface of the bearing is provided with grooves for anchoring with the concrete after curing.

[0008] Furthermore, the engineering plastic sheet contains oriented bundles of glass fibers.

[0009] Furthermore, the groove has an uneven, rough surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the grooves are distributed in a crisscross pattern on the bearing surface of the support.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the groove is trapezoidal, rectangular, or wavy.

[0012] Furthermore, an adhesive interface layer is provided between the rubber layer and the engineering plastic plate (reinforcing plate).

[0013] Furthermore, a protective layer is provided on the outer side of the stacked structure.

[0014] This invention reduces material costs and support weight by using engineering plastic sheets instead of traditional steel plates as reinforcing plates. Simultaneously, by creating grooves on the bearing surface of the support for anchoring with the cured concrete, pre-embedded reinforcing bars are eliminated, simplifying the installation process and improving construction efficiency. This support can be used for seismic reinforcement of low-rise buildings and is suitable for small-scale construction projects such as village and town buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the seismic isolation bearing;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the seismic isolation bearing.

[0017] In the picture:

[0018] 1 - Rubber layer 2 - Reinforcing plate

[0019] 3 - Groove 4 - Protrusion Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate a clearer understanding of the concept of this utility model by those skilled in the art, the following description, in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, will provide a further explanation.

[0021] This embodiment provides a seismic isolation bearing specifically designed for seismic reinforcement of rural buildings. It is low in cost, requires no pre-reinforced steel bars, and is easy to install. For example... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this support employs a laminated structure consisting of alternating layers of rubber 1 and engineering plastic reinforcing plates 2 (i.e., engineering plastic plates), eliminating the need for traditional steel reinforcing plates. This effectively reduces material costs and the weight of the support, facilitating transportation and installation. The bearing surface of the support (usually the upper surface) features a connecting structure, such as a groove 3. The groove 3 automatically engages with the subsequently poured concrete, forming a reliable mechanical interlocking connection, cleverly eliminating the complex steel reinforcement pre-reservation process found in traditional supports. During construction, the support can be placed directly at the column base, followed by the placement of a reinforcing cage and the pouring of concrete. As the concrete hardens, the groove 3 bonds tightly with the concrete, creating a robust anchoring effect.

[0022] In this embodiment, the engineering plastic plate (reinforcing plate 2) is embedded with oriented glass fiber bundles, which can improve the mechanical properties of the engineering plastic plate, such as strength, modulus, and fatigue resistance. Specifically, the engineering plastic plate adopts a structure in which a matrix layer and a fiber reinforcement layer are alternately stacked. The matrix layer is a continuous phase polymer material selected from at least one of polyamide (PA), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS); the fiber reinforcement layer is oriented (e.g., oriented textured) glass fiber bundles, which can be chopped glass fibers. This design replaces traditional steel plates with engineering plastic plates, which not only reduces costs but also improves mechanical properties such as strength, modulus, and fatigue resistance through the fiber reinforcement layer (oriented glass fiber bundles), thereby enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the seismic isolation bearing and extending its service life. This type of seismic isolation bearing is particularly suitable for small building applications such as rural buildings and can also be widely used for seismic reinforcement of low-rise buildings. When the glass fibers are oriented in a specific texture, the deviation of the main orientation direction of the fibers can be configured to be ≤15°. For example, the angle between the axial direction of ≥80% of the fibers and the main orientation direction can be ≤15°.

[0023] In this embodiment, a groove 3 is provided on the bearing surface of the support. During construction, the support is placed directly at the bottom of the column (usually referring to the bottom end of the building column), and then concrete is poured after the reinforcing cage is placed on top. After the groove 3 and the concrete solidify, they form an anchorage and automatically interlock with the subsequently poured concrete to form a reliable connection. This design eliminates the need for pre-reserved reinforcing bars and fixes the reinforcing cage to the pre-embedded reinforcing bars of the support, thereby significantly improving installation efficiency. The grooves 3 can be distributed crisscrossingly on the bearing surface of the support, which increases the contact area and friction between the support and the concrete, improves the connection strength and stability between the two, and optimizes the mechanical interlocking effect. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3 can be designed as trapezoidal, rectangular, or wavy. Each of these three cross-sectional shapes has its advantages: a trapezoidal cross-section (usually with the narrow end towards the inside and the wide end towards the outside) facilitates concrete filling and fixing; a rectangular cross-section (which can be used for...)... Figure 1 They have a simple structure and are easy to process, while the corrugated cross-section can further increase the contact area and friction. They can all effectively achieve good mechanical interlocking with concrete.

[0024] In this embodiment, the groove 3 has an uneven, rough surface. Specifically, the inner surface of the groove 3 is roughened to form a uniform or staggered texture, which can significantly increase its contact area and mechanical interlocking force with the concrete, thereby improving the interfacial bonding strength and ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0025] In this embodiment, an adhesive interface layer is provided between the rubber layer 1 and the reinforcing plate 2 (engineering plastic plate). This design uses adhesive to bond and fix the two together, which can enhance the bonding strength and prevent delamination or peeling during use, thereby ensuring the overall performance of the seismic isolation bearing. A variety of adhesives can be selected, matched according to the characteristics of the rubber and engineering plastic, and good bonding effects can be achieved through processes such as coating and hot pressing. In particular, silane coupling agent modified epoxy resin can be used as an adhesive, which not only improves the bonding strength but also enhances the durability and stability of the interface.

[0026] Furthermore, during construction, the arrangement of the reinforcing cage can be optimized and adjusted according to the distribution of the grooves 3, so that the ends of the longitudinal reinforcing bars at the corresponding positions are appropriately extended. When the reinforcing cage is installed in place, the extended section can be embedded in the grooves 3, thereby forming a mechanical embedding effect after the concrete is poured and cured, which significantly improves the connection strength between the support and the superstructure.

[0027] It should be noted that the shape of the seismic isolation bearing (usually referring to the cross-sectional shape) can be adaptively designed according to the cross-sectional shape of the building column. Common shapes include circles, rectangles (rectangles and squares), or other polygons. For example, when the column cross-section is square, the cross-sectional shape of the seismic isolation bearing can be square to achieve better adaptability. Furthermore, regarding the design of the groove 3, there are two ways to form it: one is to form it by recessing it into the bearing surface of the bearing; the other is to set protrusions 4 at the four corners of the bearing surface of the bearing, and the gap between the protrusions 4 is the required groove 3. (See [reference needed]). Figure 1 In addition, a protective layer can be added to the outer surface of the laminated structure consisting of rubber layer 1 and engineering plastic reinforcing plate 2 to improve the overall structure's weather resistance and resistance to mechanical damage.

[0028] When applying seismic isolation bearings in rural buildings, the construction process mainly includes the following four stages:

[0029] Basic preparation stage: First, the flatness of the base layer must be strictly controlled. Using a laser level, the flatness deviation of the installation base surface must be ensured to be no more than 3 mm / m. For any localized depressions, epoxy mortar should be used for leveling to ensure the flatness of the base layer. After completing the base layer preparation, the next step is positioning and layout. According to the design drawings, crosshairs are marked to determine the installation position of the supports. During this process, the allowable deviation of the support center position should be controlled within 5 mm to ensure the accuracy of subsequent construction.

[0030] During the bearing installation phase: The seismic isolation bearings are placed in their designed positions and their levelness is adjusted to ensure stability. Temporary fixing is then performed using detachable positioning clamps to prevent displacement during concrete pouring, thus ensuring construction stability. Additionally, the reinforcement cage needs to be fitted. Based on the groove distribution diagram, the longitudinal main reinforcement bars are adjusted to ensure the extension length of the bar ends does not exceed the groove height. During operation, the extended reinforcement bars should be naturally embedded into the grooves; forced placement is strictly prohibited to avoid damaging the bearings or reinforcement bars.

[0031] Concrete Construction Stage: The pouring process is crucial in this stage. Micro-expansion concrete of grade C30 or higher can be used. During pouring, the thickness of each layer should be controlled within 300 mm, and the distance between the vibrator and the edge of the support should be maintained at more than 100 mm to avoid unnecessary impact on the support. Curing requirements are equally important. Wet curing should last for at least 7 days and be carried out under conditions of an average daily temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. At the time of formwork removal, the concrete strength should reach at least 75% of the design strength to ensure the stability and safety of the structure.

[0032] Acceptance Phase: Geometric dimension inspection is a crucial step. Endoscopic sampling can be used to ensure the effective filling rate of the grooves is not less than 95%, thus guaranteeing construction quality. Additionally, connection strength verification can be performed. After 28 days of curing, a non-destructive pull-out test should be conducted; the interfacial bond strength should reach at least 1.5 MPa to ensure the structural robustness and reliability.

[0033] In summary, this embodiment reduces material costs and bearing weight by using an engineering plastic plate instead of a traditional steel plate as the reinforcing plate 2. Furthermore, engineering plastics offer advantages such as light weight, corrosion resistance, and high design flexibility, meeting the usage requirements of seismic isolation bearings in various environments. In addition, this embodiment incorporates a groove 3 on the bearing surface that anchors to the concrete after curing, eliminating the need for pre-embedded reinforcing bars. This improvement not only simplifies the installation process and improves construction efficiency but also enhances the bond strength between the bearing and concrete, improving the bearing's stability and durability. This bearing can be used for seismic reinforcement of low-rise buildings and is suitable for small-scale construction projects such as village and town buildings.

[0034] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of this utility model. Any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of this technical solution are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that: The structure comprises alternating layers of rubber (1) and reinforcing plates (2), wherein the reinforcing plates (2) are engineering plastic plates, and the bearing surface of the support is provided with grooves (3) for anchoring after the concrete has cured.

2. The seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engineering plastic sheet contains oriented bundles of glass fibers.

3. The seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove (3) has an uneven, rough surface.

4. The seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grooves (3) are distributed in a crisscross pattern on the bearing surface of the support.

5. The seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the groove (3) is trapezoidal, rectangular or wavy.

6. The seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adhesive interface layer is provided between the rubber layer (1) and the engineering plastic sheet.

7. The seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective layer is provided on the outside of the stacked structure.

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