Civil air defense basement combat transition system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a civil air defense basement combat transition system which solves the problems that a temporarily-built wartime function room is low in construction speed and insufficient in anti-knock performance. The combat transition system comprises an underground open space composed of a warehouse top, a warehouse bottom and constructional columns, an anti-explosion wall is arranged between every two adjacent constructional columns, a temporary basement is defined by the multiple anti-explosion walls and the constructional columns, and assembly parts of the anti-explosion walls comprise an inner wall plate, an outer wall plate, an upper keel, a lower keel and foamed concrete. A cavity between the inner wallboard and the outer wallboard is filled with foamed concrete, and a mold expansion preventing structure is further arranged between the inner wallboard and the outer wallboard. Compared with the prior art, the peacetime and wartime function conversion guided by the scheme has the advantages that modular storage is adopted for main components, when conversion construction is needed, the construction time is shortened, and adopted materials have the characteristics of being light and small in size, so that the materials can be prepared at ordinary times and stored in a protective construction library nearby, and a material foundation is provided for peacetime and wartime function conversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of civil air defense basement pre-war conversion system. Background Technology

[0002] Recently, civil defense authorities in some cities have recognized the arduousness of wartime conversion work and have therefore placed higher demands on the construction of civil defense shelters. Many wartime functional rooms are required to be constructed during peacetime, which reduces the workload of later wartime conversion and allows for faster completion of the conversion of all civil defense shelters in the city. However, this also sacrifices some peacetime benefits, reducing the effective usable area during peacetime. To ensure sufficient usable area during peacetime, more civil defense shelters need to be constructed, indirectly increasing construction costs. If the device related to this utility model is used for peacetime-wartime function conversion design, construction costs can be reduced to some extent, and blast resistance can be improved. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a wartime conversion system for civil air defense basements, solving the problems of slow construction speed and insufficient blast resistance of temporarily constructed wartime functional rooms (temporary basements).

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0005] A civil air defense basement conversion system includes an open underground space consisting of a roof, a floor, and structural columns. Its characteristic feature is that blast-resistant walls are installed between adjacent structural columns, and a temporary basement is formed by enclosing multiple blast-resistant walls and structural columns. The blast-resistant walls are assembled with components including inner wall panels, outer wall panels, upper and lower joists, and foamed concrete. The upper and lower joists are fixed to the roof and floor, respectively, and the inner and outer wall panels are fixed to the inner and outer sides of the joists, with foamed concrete filling the cavity between the inner and outer wall panels. An anti-bulging structure is also provided between the inner and outer wall panels.

[0006] Furthermore, at least one of the blast-resistant walls has a door frame notch, and a door or window is installed at the door frame notch.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner wall panel and the outer wall panel are steel fiber reinforced concrete precast panels with a width of no more than 1.5 meters and a thickness of no more than 1.5 centimeters, and the height of the steel fiber reinforced concrete precast panels is the same as the height of the garage.

[0008] Furthermore, the joints of the exterior wall panels and the interior wall panels are staggered.

[0009] Furthermore, the anti-bulging mold structure includes a nylon braided strip, a metal gasket, and a steel buckle. One end of the nylon braided strip is pre-embedded in the outer wall panel, and the other end is located at the joint of the two inner wall panels and passes through the joint and the metal gasket before being anchored by the steel buckle.

[0010] Furthermore, rubber pads or grouting mortar are provided at the mating surfaces of the inner wall panel, outer wall panel, and keel to prevent grout leakage during the grouting process.

[0011] Furthermore, mortar is used to fill the joints between the inner and outer wall panels to prevent grout leakage during the grouting process.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner surface of the exterior wall panel is also provided with a layer of metal mesh or alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh, which can improve the explosion-proof performance of the wall panel.

[0013] Furthermore, the keel is a galvanized light steel keel with a U-shaped cross-section, and elongated holes are provided at the bottom of both ends of the keel.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall panels, outer wall panels, and upper and lower keels are quickly fixed together using self-tapping screws.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] Compared with the traditional approach, the peacetime-wartime function conversion guided by this plan adopts modular storage for the main components. When conversion construction is required, the construction time is accelerated. The materials used are lightweight and small in size, so they can all be prepared in peacetime and stored nearby in the protective building warehouse, providing a material foundation for peacetime-wartime function conversion and facilitating the realization of the wartime function of civil air defense basements.

[0017] Temporary basements that can be quickly constructed using this technology combine existing structural columns with newly built blast-resistant walls, resulting in stronger structural strength and higher safety performance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the civil air defense basement conversion system for wartime use.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Full sectional view.

[0020] Figure 3 The underground garage structure before the implementation of the civil air defense basement wartime conversion system (garage top omitted).

[0021] Figure 4 The effect of implementing a single-sided blast-resistant wall.

[0022] Figure 5 The first step in the construction sequence of the blast-resistant wall. Figure 6The second construction sequence for the blast-resistant wall.

[0023] Figure 7 The third step in the construction sequence of the blast-resistant wall.

[0024] Figure 8 The fourth step in the construction sequence of the blast-resistant wall.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a 3D diagram of the keel.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 100 structural column,

[0028] 200 interior wall panels,

[0029] 300 exterior wall panel, 310 nylon braided strap, 320 metal gasket, 330 steel buckle.

[0030] 400 self-tapping screws

[0031] 500 keel, 510 long strip hole,

[0032] 600 door frame gap,

[0033] 700 foamed concrete,

[0034] 01 Blast-resistant wall; 02 Wall with doors and windows. Detailed Implementation

[0035] A civil air defense basement conversion system is shown in this embodiment, which takes the underground garage of a residential community as an example. In a typical residential community, the underground garage has structural columns.

[0036] refer to Figure 3 This image shows a cross-sectional view of an underground parking garage; the garage roof has been omitted for clarity. Figure 3 The image shows four structural columns 100 and six parking spaces located between them, with the parking spaces labeled A.

[0037] exist Figure 1 The exhibition showcases a modified basement structure. Its basic principle is to quickly build a civil air defense emergency basement supported by four structural columns. On this basis, modular and prefabricated construction is used to improve conversion efficiency and build an emergency basement with blast-proof capabilities.

[0038] The wall panels, steel structures, and other components used in this conversion system are pre-stored in the basement and can be quickly assembled and used when a state of emergency approaches.

[0039] refer to Figure 4Taking a blast-resistant wall as an example, its rapid conversion process is demonstrated. The assembly components of this blast-resistant wall include inner and outer wall panels, upper and lower joists, and self-tapping screws. The upper and lower joists 500 are fixed to the top and bottom surfaces of the basement using pneumatic nails or expansion bolts, dividing the space between the two structural columns. The upper and lower ends of the inner and outer wall panels are fixed to the upper and lower joists with the assistance of self-tapping screws, completing the initial fixation. At the same time, a temporary anti-bulging mold structure is set between the inner and outer wall panels. This anti-bulging mold structure achieves the spacing between the inner and outer wall panels. After fixation, foamed concrete is injected into the space between the inner and outer wall panels. This grouting is assisted by a grouting machine. The grouting port is located at the lowest point of the wall panel, with two ports, and the vent or grouting port is located at the highest point of the wall panel. This bottom-up grouting achieves complete filling. After grouting, the foamed concrete 700 solidifies inside after 24 hours of curing, forming a sandwich structure of inner and outer wall panels and foamed concrete. This structure has excellent blast resistance, that is, it can withstand the impact of blast waves.

[0040] The wall panels include an inner wall panel 200 and an outer wall panel 300. These wall panels are prefabricated using steel fiber reinforced concrete and are a large panel structure. Their length is customized according to the height of the basement, their width is no more than 1.5 meters, and their thickness is no more than 1.5 centimeters. Under normal circumstances, both can be transported and installed without hoisting tools.

[0041] In this embodiment, the steel fiber volume fraction in the wall panel is between 1% and 1.5%. Compared with ordinary concrete, its tensile strength is increased by 50% to 70%, its bending strength by 70% to 100%, its shear strength by 60% to 80%, and its compressive strength by 10% to 15%. It has sufficiently high toughness and a sufficiently thin wall thickness. Therefore, the weight of a single wall panel is relatively light, which is suitable for long-term storage.

[0042] When assembling the aforementioned exterior and interior wall panels, the joints on the inner and outer sides are staggered to facilitate quick installation.

[0043] Meanwhile, a nylon braided strip 310 is prefabricated on the inner side of the outer wall panel 300. One end of the nylon braided strip is embedded in the outer wall panel and fixed to the outer wall panel to form an integral part. The other end of the nylon braided strip 310 is located at the splice joint of the two inner wall panels and passes through the splice joint. A metal gasket 320 is provided on the outer side of the splice joint. The metal gasket has a perforation that allows the aforementioned nylon braided strip to pass through. After the nylon braided strip passes through the perforation, it is anchored on the outer side by a steel buckle 330 to form a lock. After locking, the nylon braided strip forms a tensioner between the inner and outer wall panels to prevent bulging.

[0044] Screw holes are pre-drilled on the aforementioned inner and outer wall panels. These screw holes are spaced 0.5 meters apart and are anchored to the upper and lower keels using self-tapping screws 400.

[0045] Furthermore, rubber pads or grouting mortar are installed at the bonding surfaces of the aforementioned inner and outer wall panels and keel to prevent grout leakage during the grouting process.

[0046] Furthermore, filling the joints between the aforementioned inner and outer wall panels with mortar can prevent grout leakage during the grouting process.

[0047] Furthermore, a layer of metal mesh or alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh is also provided on the inner surface of the aforementioned exterior wall panel, which can improve the explosion-proof performance of the wall panel.

[0048] refer to Figure 2 The right side of the figure shows the forming structure of the door frame, which is basically the same as the construction of the blast-resistant wall. The difference is that in this wall with doors and windows, a door frame gap of 600 is pre-cut by measuring and marking, and the gap is sealed with keel to form a grouting space.

[0049] refer to Figure 9 The keel 500 is made of galvanized light steel keel with a U-shaped profile. There are elongated holes 510 at the bottom of the two sides of the keel. The elongated holes are arranged in a crisscross pattern. The elongated holes are fixed to the top or bottom of the garage by nails or expansion bolts.

[0050] The essence of this conversion system will be explained in detail below through the construction process.

[0051] refer to Figures 5 to 8 This section introduces the construction process of a blast-resistant wall 01:

[0052] Step one: Measure and mark the distance between the two structural columns. These marks will serve as the installation lines for the top and bottom joists. Based on the measured distance, pre-assemble and trim the inner and outer wall panels to ensure that the overall dimensions of the assembled panels meet the spatial requirements between the two structural columns.

[0053] Step two: Secure the top and bottom keels using pneumatic nails and check their parallelism. Then, assemble the exterior wall panels and fix them sequentially between the two keels. This assembly and fixing is done one panel at a time; that is, fix one panel at a time.

[0054] Step three involves assembling and securing the interior wall panels sequentially between the two aforementioned keels. This assembly and securing process is performed one panel at a time. That is, one panel is secured first, then another is pre-assembled, and the nylon braided rope is pulled out from the joint. The second interior wall panel is then secured, and so on, until all interior wall panels are secured. Finally, metal washers and steel buckles are used to anchor the outer ends of the nylon braided rope, creating a lock. Once locked, the nylon braided rope acts as a tensioner between the inner and outer wall panels to prevent bulging.

[0055] Step four: Inject foamed concrete mortar into the cavity between the inner and outer wall panels. After the grouting is completed, allow it to cure for 24 hours, so that the foamed concrete solidifies inside, forming a sandwich structure of inner and outer wall panels and foamed concrete.

[0056] Step five involves cutting off the outer end of the nylon braided strap as needed, specifically removing the metal gasket and steel buckle. This is feasible if an aesthetically pleasing wall is desired. If the wall's appearance is not a primary concern, step five can be skipped.

[0057] The above steps complete the construction of an blast-resistant wall.

[0058] Construction process of wall 02 with doors and windows:

[0059] Step one: Measure and mark the distance between the two structural columns (100mm). These marks will be the installation lines for the top and bottom keels. Based on the measured distance, pre-assemble and trim the inner and outer wall panels to ensure that the overall dimensions of the assembled panels meet the space requirements between the two structural columns. Simultaneously, mark the pre-assembled inner and outer wall panels with chalk and cut notches to create door and window openings.

[0060] Step two: Secure the top and bottom joists to the garage roof (110) and ground foundation (120) using pneumatic nails, and check the parallelism of the two joists. Then, assemble the exterior wall panels and fix them sequentially between the two joists. This assembly and fixing is done one panel at a time; that is, fix one panel at a time.

[0061] Step 3: Assemble and fix the interior wall panels sequentially between the two 500mm keel beams mentioned above. This assembly and fixing is done one by one. That is, fix one panel first, then pre-assemble the other panel, pulling the nylon braided rope out from the seam, and then fixing the second interior wall panel until all interior wall panels are fixed. Finally, use metal washers and steel buckles to anchor the outer end of the nylon braided rope to form a lock. After locking, the nylon braided rope forms a tensioner between the inner and outer wall panels to prevent bulging. Finally, install the keel at the door and window gap position from Step 1, and use self-tapping screws to quickly fix the keel to the inner and outer wall panels at the gap position, forming a whole.

[0062] Step four: Inject foamed concrete mortar into the cavity between the inner and outer wall panels. After the grouting is completed, allow it to cure for 24 hours, so that the foamed concrete solidifies inside, forming a sandwich structure of inner and outer wall panels and foamed concrete.

[0063] Step five involves cutting off the outer end of the nylon braided strap as needed, specifically removing the metal gasket and steel buckle. This is feasible if an aesthetically pleasing wall is desired. If the wall's appearance is not a primary concern, step five can be skipped.

[0064] Finally, the doors and windows can be installed. The installation of doors and windows falls within the scope of existing technology and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0065] The above steps complete the construction of an explosion-proof wall with doors and windows.

[0066] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit of the present utility model, all modifications and improvements to the present utility model by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A civil air defense basement conversion system, comprising an open underground space consisting of a roof, a floor, and structural columns, characterized in that, An blast-resistant wall is installed between two adjacent structural columns, and a temporary basement is formed by enclosing multiple blast-resistant walls and structural columns. The assembly components of the blast-resistant wall include inner wall panels, outer wall panels, upper keel, lower keel, and foamed concrete. The upper and lower keels are fixed at the top and bottom of the basement, and the inner and outer wall panels are fixed on the inner and outer sides of the keel. The cavity between the inner and outer wall panels is filled with foamed concrete. An anti-bulging structure is also provided between the inner and outer wall panels.

2. The civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the blast-resistant walls has a door frame notch, and a door or window is installed at the door frame notch.

3. The civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner and outer wall panels are precast steel fiber reinforced concrete panels with a width of no more than 1.5 meters and a thickness of no more than 1.5 centimeters, and the height of the precast steel fiber reinforced concrete panels is the same as the height of the garage.

4. A civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The joints of the exterior wall panels and the interior wall panels are staggered.

5. A civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-bulging structure includes a nylon braided strip, a metal gasket, and a steel buckle. One end of the nylon braided strip is embedded in the outer wall panel, and the other end is located at the joint of two inner wall panels, passing through the joint and the metal gasket before being anchored by the steel buckle.

6. A civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rubber pads or grouting mortar are installed at the mating surfaces of the inner wall panels, outer wall panels, and keel.

7. A civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The joints between the inner and outer wall panels are filled with mortar.

8. A civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the exterior wall panel is also provided with a layer of metal mesh or alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh.

9. A civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The keel is a galvanized light steel keel with a U-shaped cross-section, and elongated holes are provided at the bottom of both sides of the keel.

10. A civil air defense basement conversion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall panels, outer wall panels, and upper and lower keels are quickly fixed together using self-tapping screws.

Images